AllegoricismAllegoricismBaroque ClassicismBaroque ClassicismPietismPietismSectarianismSectarianism

Ch. 10 Ch. 10 教會即凱旋者 十三世紀教會即凱旋者 十三世紀Ch. 11 Ch. 11 朝臣與市民朝臣與市民Ch.12Ch.12 現實的征服現實的征服

藝術概論 Week 5 2010/03/22Iris Tuan

AllegoricismAllegoricism 寓言主義寓言主義畫作中隱藏寓意將引喻 (allusion) 及隱喻 (metaphor) 引介

到繪畫中寓言有清楚精確的聯想意 (associative

meaning) ，依賴觀者的知性與後天知識

兩個傾向：公共的—企圖影響大眾對教會和國家的看法。

與古代領袖或古典歷史作連結。私人的—探索吾人生活經驗相關教訓與真理。

AllegoricismAllegoricism - Example- Example Painting Name: Allegory of

Queen Elizabeth

Implication: The English Queen Elizabeth with Death looking over her left shoulders

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Elizabeth-I-Allegorical-Po.jpg

AllegoricismAllegoricism - Example- Example Painting Name: Titan’s

Allegory of Age Governed by Prudence

Implication: Three human head symbolizing age and the triple headed beast (dog, lion, wolf) which stands for prudence.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Titian_-_Allegorie_der_Zeit.jpg

〈春〉， 1660-1664 年，普桑

Baroque ClassicismBaroque Classicism 巴洛克古典主義巴洛克古典主義

三項發展為特色：引發情緒的古典風景普桑 (Poussin) 對於古典構圖原則予以重新肯

定將這些構圖原則彙編成學院派藝術教育的基礎

分支：洛漢—懷舊感、引人遐思，以風景為主普桑—強調形式與設計，力求和諧、平衡和道德

嚴肅性。成為學院派藝術訓練的基礎。

Nicolas PoussinNicolas Poussin

Nicolas Poussin- French Baroque Era Painter- 1594-1665- Specialize in History Painting- Spent most of his adult in Rome.

Nicolas Poussin–The Funeral of Nicolas Poussin–The Funeral of PhocionPhocion

- The Funeral of Phocion, 1648- Below the temple, a line of Athenians is engaged in celebrating

one of the religious festivals. In keeping with this festive tone, the landscape is brimming with figure engaged in variety of activities.

http://www.artcyclopedia.com/feature-2000-08.html

Nicolas Poussin–The Inspiration of a PoetNicolas Poussin–The Inspiration of a Poet

- The Inspiration of a Poet, 1630, Nicholas Poussin

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Classicism

〈阿波羅與達芙妮〉， 1625 年，普桑〈阿波羅與達芙妮〉， 1625 年，普桑

PietismPietism 敬虔主義敬虔主義一種宗教奉獻的形式因教義差別而有不同特色—

天主教強調強烈的情感遭遇，通常以聖人、殉教者和教主

的狂喜或異象經驗為特色。發展成嚴肅的宗教繪畫傳統，公開、正統

新教集中在聖經、個人祈禱、上帝直接向個別信仰者良

知皆是自身意志不允許、否定藝術在宗教中的功能，斥之為偶像崇

拜

Pietism - Example Pietism - Example Painting Name: The Broad and Narrow WayDate: 1866Description: A popular German Pietist Painting

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Der_breite_und_der_schmale_Weg_2008.jpg

〈基督擁抱聖伯納〉，1621-1625 年，利巴達

Sectarianism

Beliefs of a particular denomination or sect Aggression or intransigence towards the

views and practices of other religious groups

Art played a masterly role Often as sensual as it was spiritual

Lying-in-State of St Lying-in-State of St BonaventureBonaventure

1629

Francisco de Zurbarán

Typical of the Catholic Counter-Reformation in Spain

Lying in state and wearing a mitre

Celebrates holiness as a life of obedience to the Church

Lying-in-State of St BonaventureLying-in-State of St Bonaventure

St Matthew and the AngelSt Matthew and the Angel1661Rembrandt Harmensz Van RunShows St Matthew writing his GospelThe words being suggested to him by

an angel sent from GodGod (not the Church) will guide him

directly towards the truthComparison “The Story of Art” pp. 30-

31

St Matthew and the AngelSt Matthew and the Angel

Ch. 10 Ch. 10 教會即凱旋者 十三世教會即凱旋者 十三世紀紀

西方與東方的不同北法的哥德式教堂的先導觀念尖拱飛扶壁 (flying buttresses)花飾窗格 (tracery)新式大教堂—體會超乎物質的奧秘宣告天國的榮耀

Flying ButtressesFlying Buttresses

Flying buttresses at Bath Abbey, Bath, England

TraceryTracery

教堂建築與裝飾雕刻教堂建築與裝飾雕刻不僅純對稱式的構圖法還有生命氣息在人像中如何去呈現在披褶下展露人體結構賦予石頭生命雕刻家替教堂工作北方畫家為聖經手稿畫啟蒙性的飾畫了解比例問題義大利天才佛羅倫斯畫家喬托 (Giotto di

Bondone)

Giotto di BondoneGiotto di Bondone

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Giotto_-_Scrovegni_-_-36-_-_Lamentation_(The_Mourning_of_Christ).jpg

The Marriage at CanaThe Marriage at Cana is one of the miracles of Jesus in the Gospels and the first miracle in the Gospel of John. This painting is one of the painted decoration in the interior of the Scrovegni Chapel in Pauda.

Giotto di BondoneGiotto di Bondone

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Giotto_-_Scrovegni_-_-36-_-_Lamentation_(The_Mourning_of_Christ).jpg

LamentationIn this scene, Lamentation, Giotto adapted the traditional Byzantine iconography of the scene to create an emotional representation that draws the viewer into the sacred narrative.

Ch.11Ch.11 朝臣與市民朝臣與市民十四世紀十四世紀

十三世紀是大教堂的世紀 延續到十四世紀 但已經不是藝術的主要焦點

十四世紀的審美觀是風雅型聖母像凡人的母親 身體微微擺動成一S 型

聖經飾畫手稿：「瑪利女王的詩篇」藝術兩個要素逐漸融合

◦優美的述說故事◦忠實的觀察報導

義大利藝術義大利藝術佛羅倫斯的喬托藝術改變了整個繪畫

觀念北方哥德風畫家也影響南部　特別是

在西恩那杜西歐學派兩位大師馬蒂尼與梅米的祭壇飾畫

馬蒂尼畫過一張羅拉的肖像 肖像畫藝術就在這時期發展起來

Ch.12Ch.12 現實的征服現實的征服十五世紀初十五世紀初

文藝復興意指再生或復興義大利人深信：在遙遠的從前，以羅馬為首都的義大利是世界文明的中心

義人將羅馬帝國的崩潰歸咎於哥德人 故稱這時間的藝術為「哥德風格」 意指野蠻人的

佛羅輪斯年輕藝術家以建築師布倫內利齊為領導

布倫內利齊布倫內利齊布倫內利齊為望族帕茲蓋了一座小教

堂他不但是文藝復興風格建築的首創人，也發現了透視法

新建築形式框架畫面上人物的簡單、隆重氣質

多納鐵羅雕了聖者喬治的肖像藝術家渴望復興 因此轉而求諸自然、科學和古代遺物

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