alok presentation
TRANSCRIPT
-
8/3/2019 Alok Presentation
1/20
Quantum Computers
Presented By:
-
8/3/2019 Alok Presentation
2/20
Overview
Brief History Computing (generations)
Current technology Limitations
Theory of Quantum Computing How it Works?
Applications
Timeline
-
8/3/2019 Alok Presentation
3/20
History
Abacus
Gear Driven
Integrated Circuits
Over 200 million transistors.
-
8/3/2019 Alok Presentation
4/20
Moores Law
In 1965 Gordon Moore predicted thatnumber oftransistors per square inch on
integrated circuits had doubled everyyear since the integrated circuit wasinvented. Moore predicted that this trendwould continue for the foreseeable future.
This has held true .. So far
-
8/3/2019 Alok Presentation
5/20
Moores Law (cont.)
Recently Gordon Moore announced thathis prediction in 1965 would not remain
true for much longer.The Microprocessor Industry was gettingcloser to the limits of the currenttechnology.
The ability to put transistors on chips wasapproaching the atomic level.
-
8/3/2019 Alok Presentation
6/20
Stretching the limits
Intel has announced new SRAM
chips for high density memory.Contains 330 million transistors.
Pentium IV has 30 million
transistors
-
8/3/2019 Alok Presentation
7/20
Problems
Current technology is not havingdifficulty adding more
transistors.At current rate transistors will beas small as an atom.
If scale becomes too small,Electrons tunnel through micro-thin barriers between wires
corrupting signals.
-
8/3/2019 Alok Presentation
8/20
Quantum Computers
Completely new approach tocomputing.
Uses quantum particles to achievecomputation.
Still Theoretical.
-
8/3/2019 Alok Presentation
9/20
Entanglement
Albert Einstein Baffled
Coined phrase spooky action-at-a-
distance Still remains a mystery
Superposition
-
8/3/2019 Alok Presentation
10/20
Two States Are Better Than One!
Digital Computers rely on Osand 1s
Voltage produces high and lows
Can only have one state
Quantum computers can have
multiple states Two places at once
-
8/3/2019 Alok Presentation
11/20
Example
Reflecting photons offhalf -silvered mirror(deflects half the light)
Where do you think the
photon landed?
-
8/3/2019 Alok Presentation
12/20
Why Is This Helpful?
Multiple computations simultaneously
Computing power is exponential
-
8/3/2019 Alok Presentation
13/20
Digital vs. Quantum
Digital produces serial results, Evenwith threads!
Quantum is truly concurrent
Digital computers need an exponentialamount of resources to accomplish a
task
Quantum computers only performs 2^ncomputations. (n = number of
Qubits)
-
8/3/2019 Alok Presentation
14/20
The Larger the problem
Because of the exponential factorthe larger computations save
more resources than smallerones.
Adding large calculations toexisting algorithms does notcomplicate computation
Efficiency due to Qubits
-
8/3/2019 Alok Presentation
15/20
Power of Algorithms
Multiplication Algorithms assistin large computations
Quantum Algorithms can speedup processes by using logic
instructions such as `... andnow take a superposition of allnumbers from the previous
operations...';
-
8/3/2019 Alok Presentation
16/20
Algorithms (cont.)
Will be extremely effective in anylogic based algorithms such as
factoring large numbers. Algorithms are not just theoretical
anymore
In 1994 Peter Shor, of Bell Labsdevised a polynomial time algorithmfor factoring large numbers on a
quantum computer.
-
8/3/2019 Alok Presentation
17/20
Status
Quantum Algorithms do exist (Peter Shor)
Intellectual hives devoted to quantumcomputing: Oxford University, University of
Innsbruck in Austria, Boulder-Colorado, labs ofthe National Institute of Standards & Technology(NIST), Los Alamos National LaboratoryMassachusetts Institute of Technology , many
others. Even Microsoft Research in Redmond, Wash.,
now counts a quantum computer scientistamong its theorists.
-
8/3/2019 Alok Presentation
18/20
Status (cont.)
Rudimentary Quantum Computers exist
December 19, 2001 IBM performs
Shors Algorithm Quantum computing is so complex that
expanding on simple operations is still 1020 years away.
Most well known QCs based on nuclearmagnetic resonance (NMR).
-
8/3/2019 Alok Presentation
19/20
Timeline
Desktop Quantum computersexpected by many within 20
years Faster than anticipated progress
-
8/3/2019 Alok Presentation
20/20
Thank you!