als lesson 6

8/21/2019 Als Lesson 6

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LESSON SIX: ACOUSTICS

INTRODUCTION:

Q1: What are acoustics?

A1:

Q2: What is sound?A2:

BASIC PHYSICS

Q1: How is sound similar to light? How do they differ?

A1:

Q2: What is the inverse square law?A2:

Q3: What does the velocity of sound depend on?

A3:

Q: What are some characteristics of sound?A:

Q!: What is pitch?A!:

Q": What is a cycle?

A":

Q#: What is $%& or Hert'?A#:

Q(: What is a sine wave?

A(:

Q): What are the characteristics of a square wave?

A):

Q1*: What sounds can the human ear hear and which range is it most sensitive to?

A1*:

Q11: What is the height of the wave form related to?

A11:

Q12: What is the amount of energy stored in a wave measured in?

A12:

Q13: What is the ratio +etween the quietest and loudest sounds the ear can hear without +eing

damaged?

A13:

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LOGARITHMIC SCALES

Q1: What is a logarithmic scale?A1:

Q2: What is the decimal logarithm of a num+er?

A2:

Q3: What are the five +asic rules of logarithms?

A3:

SOUND INTENSITY LEVEL:

Q1: What is a deci+el and how is it e,pressed??

A1:

Q2: What is the intensity of sound measured in?

A2:

Q3: What is intensity level measured in?

A3:

Q: How do you solve for the intensity level of a sound?

A:

SOUND POWER LEVEL:

Q1: What is the sound power level?

A1:

Q2: How is the sound power level determined?A2:

SOUND PRESSURE LEVEL:

Q1: What is sound pressure level? What is it similar to?

A1:

Q2: How is sound pressure level calculated using a logarithmic

A2:

Q3: Which type of sound measurement is most widely used?A3:

Q: What can +e assumed a+out -. and &%.?

A:

Q!: What is the pro+lem with using a logarithmic scale?A!:

WEIGHTED SCALES FOR THE HUMAN EAR:

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Q1: Why have weighted measuring scales for sound +een developed?

A1:

Q2: What is the A scale? What are measurements converted from the A scale too deci+els called?

A2:

Q3: What is the /&HA and what developments have they made in reference to noise levels?

A3:

Q: When does the ear have trou+le determining the direction of sound?

A:

TRANSMISSION AND REFLECTION:

Q1: What dominates in the way sound is heard as you move further away from the source?

A1:

Q2: What is one of the concerns in +uilding as it relates to sound?

A2:

SOUND ABSORPTION:

Q1: What does the reflection of sound cause?

A1:

Q2: What is rever+eration?

A2:

Q3: What is an echo?A3:

Q: What is a &a+in?A:

Q!: What method did Wallace &a+in use to reduce rever+eration in the halls where he lectured?A!:

Q": What is the a+sor+tivity of a room and how is it determined?

A":

Q#: What is the noise reduction coefficient?

A#:

REVERBERATION:

Q1: What is rever+eration?

A1:

Q2: What is rever+eration time and how is it e,pressed?

A2:

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Q3: What relationship does rever+eration have to the si'e of a space and the a+soptivity and how is

it e,pressed in a formula?A3:

Q: Why should speech have a short 0 ?

A:

Q!: How does the architect o+tain the desired rever+eration time?A!:

Q": What is a live space? What is a dead space?

A":

ROOM ACOUSTICS:

Q1: What is a good rule of thum+ to ma4e the average ceiling height?

A1:

Q2: What should the volume of a hall 5auditorium6 +e?

A2:

Q3: What are the two +asic design goals in auditorium acoustic design?

A3:

Q: What is almost always a characteristic of the +ac4 of an auditorium?

A:

Q!: What are the +enefits of sloping the seating and floor away from the stage?

A!:

Q": What distance is appropriate for reflected sound off the ceiling where speech intelligi+ility is

important?

A":

SOUND TRANSMISSION AND ISOLATION:

Q1: What is the 1)!# 7oise $riteria or 7$ curves?

A1:

Q2: How is he curve satisfied?

A2:

Q3: What is the 1)#1 %$7?

A3:

NOISE REDUCTION THROUGH A WALL:

Q1: What is transmission loss?A1:

Q2: What is 7oise eduction and how is it related to ideal 0?

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A2:

Q3: What can acoustical tile do that concrete can not8 and vice versa?

A3:

SOUND TRANMISSION CLASS:

Q1: What is the sound transmission class?A1:

Q2: How is the &0$ rating esta+lished?A2:

IMPACT NOISE:

Q1: How is an impact isolation class determined?A1:

Q2: How can --$ ratings +e improved?

A2:

Q3: What are the general guidelines set forth in the 9$ a+out &0$ levels in residentialoccupancies?

A3:

SPEECH PRIVACY: What is white !ise"

A1:

OUTDOOR SOUND BARRIERS:Q1: What are the characteristics of a good sound +arrier?A1:

Q2: What are the characteristics of the sound attenuation of a sound +arrier?A2:

Q3: How can vegetation help in outdoor sound +arriers?A3:

MECHANICAL SYSTEMS:

Q1: What is white noise used to mas4?A1:

Q2: What tools can +e utili'ed to reduce the sound of mechanical equipment in a +uilding?

A2:

Q3: What can +e used on short and long duct wor4 to reduce sound transmission?

A3:

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Q: What do shoc4 arrestors on water pipes do to control sound?

A:

REVIEW:

S#ETCHES$ S!%& Wa'es ()$*+, A%&it!-i%. Desi/ ()$01+, Meth!&s !2 I.3-!'i/ the TL

Rati/s ()$04+, STC Dete-.iati! !2 a Pae5 ()$06+, Meth!& !2 i.3-!'i/ IIC ()$78+, O%t&!!-

s!%& Ba--ie-s ()$70+, Desi/ Feat%-es t! C!t-!5 Me9h E;%i3 N!ise ()$77+

FORMULAS$ L!/a-ith.s ()$1+,Itesit< Le'e5 ()$1+, S!%& P-ess%-e Le'e5 ()$=+, I'e-se S;%a-e

Law ()$4+, A>s!-3ti'it< ()$08+, N!ise Re&%9ti! ()$00+, Re'e->e-ati! ()$00+, Re'e->e-ati! Ti.e

()$00+, R!!. Hei/ht ()$0*+, T-as.issi! L!ss ()$0?+

TABLE )0$ T<3i9a5 IL Le'e5s ()$)+,

TABLE )7$ A&&i/ Tw! &B Le'e5s ()$?+

TABLE )*$ OSHA E@3!s%-e ()$4+

TABLE )1$ T<3i9a5 S!%& A>s!-3ti! ()$6+

TABLE )=$ Re'e->e-ati! Ti.es ()$07+

TABLE ))$ S%//este& NC C%-'es ()$0*+TABLE )?$ 06=? NRC ()$0)+

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als lesson 6

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