השפעות של רכז התפלה על הסביבה הימית – מיתוסים מול...

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/ -

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SWRO

••

Fe(OH) 3

•

•

Fe(OH) 3= 100%

Fe(OH) 3< 10%

SWRO

/

•-X

•

•-Fe(OH)3

•-

•

•

•

–

–

–

•

•

•

•

–

•-

•-~ 70C

(Turbulent Diffusion

12/1/2005

8/1/2005

•

•

Perth/

-

-

Oceanica 2009

2008US National Research Council,

II

IV , I

III

/

'

-

'

> 40.5

–

1H38/2009(

–

+ 2

+ 0.4

/

“Coagulant chemicals are generally not toxic to aquatic

life…Iron is not considered a priority pollutant”

(UNEP, 2008)

•

•

•

Fe+++(OH-)3

“Iron in the form of oxides and hydroxides is

biologically unavailable for algal uptake" (Lewandowska & Kosakowska, Oceanologica, 2004)

–

“For all practical purposes, the discharge of

even large quantities of ferric hydroxide to the

marine environment would not create unnatural

phytoplankton blooms”

(Monterey Bay Regional Desalination Feasibility Study 2006)

–

-2008

June

August

November

-

–

Fe %

Al %

PO43-Biodegradability 30 days ~ 20%

-

–

-

Lattemann & Hopner, Desalination 2008)

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–

'(–