音标复习 姜堰区南苑学校 英语组 邓生贵. the alphabet international p honetic...

音标复习

• 姜堰区南苑学校 英语组 邓生贵

The Alphabet

International Phonetic Phonetic symbolssymbols （国际音（国际音标）标）

How many phonetic symbols are there?

48 phonetic symbols

Vowel sounds Consonants

Pure vowels

diphthongs Voiceless C. Voiced C.

[i:] [i] [ :] ɜ [ə] [ɔ:] [ɔ] [u:] [u]

[α:] [ʌ]

[ei] [ai] [ɔi] [iə] [ɛə] [uə]

[əu] [au]

[p] [t] [k] [f] [s] [Ѳ][ʃ] [ʧ]

[tr] [ʦ][h]

[b] [d] [g] [v] [z] [ð] [ӡ] [dӡ]

[dr] [dz] [r] [l]

[m] [n] [ŋ] [w] [j][e] [æ]

48 个音标

元音音标 辅音音标

单元音 双元音 清辅音 浊辅音

单元音

[i:] [i] [ :] [ ] ɜ ə[ :] [ ] ɔ ɔ[u:] [u] [α:] [ ]ʌ[e] [æ]

12个

元音 元音 vowels (20vowels (20 个个 ) ) 1. 1. [ i:] – e, ee, ea, ey, i A: Tea or coffee? B: Tea for Lee and coffee for me, please.[ i ] – i, e, y, ey… His little sister is sitting in the middle.[ e ] – e, ea, ai … Good, better, best. Never let it rest. Till good is better. And better best.[ æ ] – a Cat, cat! Catch that black rat!

he see, read, key, policeman

is, English, busy, money

red, then, head, again

hat, bag, can, apple

CompareCompare

1. it--eat 2. live—leave 3. fill—feel 4 . sit—seat5. trip—tree 6. bit—bee 7. ship—sheep 8. slip—sleep9. fit—feet 10. rid—read

CompareCompare

1.bat--bet 2. bad—bed

3. bag—beg 4. sat—set

5. sad—said 6. dad—

dead

• [ɜ:] – ir, ur or The early bird catches the worm

first.

• [ ə ] – er, a, e

The farmer’s sister is a doctor.• [a:] – ar, a… It’s far to the farm from the park.• [Λ] – o, u Come to the front on the double.

clever, ruler, panda, open

girl, shirt, purple, work

love, colour, us, duck

half, class, park, hard

earth nurse skirt

learn her word

Read the wordsRead the words

ear( 不单独出现时 ) ur ir er or

[[ɜ:]

Phrases

[ə:] A dirty skirt

hurt a bird

Learn to work

worse and worse

Read the wordsRead the words

ago again address

hundred parent license

water August banana

today colour policeman

a e er o our

在非重读音节中

[ə]

[ə]

Phrases

Sooner or later

Autumn and August

Worker and farmer

about the picture of the teacherer, or 位于词末发 [ə] ，除了 her以外 her [[ɜ:]

Compare [Λ] [a:]

1.cut--card 2. luck—lark

3.duck—dark 4. far—fun

5.mud—mark 6. bus—

bath

[a:] [Λ]['fɑ:ðə] ['sʌpə]

[,ɑ:ftə:'nu:n] ['sΛndi]

['pa:ti] [bΛs]

[fa:m] [sΛn]

['ba:skit] [bΛt]

or, al, au, ar—[ :כ ]

My daughter who’s forty-four is a lawyer.

o, a – [ כ]

The little pot is so hot.

[u:] – oo, u, ou, oe…

How do you do? You look really cool.

[u] – oo

Look at the cookbook. It’s really good.

shop, sorry, watch, what

morning, call, autumn, warm

football, wood, classroom, book

soon, ruler, soup, shoe

good, cook, foot, look, wood,book,wool

Compare [כ] [כ: ]

1.pot--pork 2. lot—lord

3. not—north 4. fox—forks

5.shot—short 6. spot—

sport

Compare[כ: ] [ :ɜ ]•walk — work •short—shirt•warm—word•door---dirty•floor--- sir

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[ i:] [ i ] [ e ] [æ]

[ɔɔ:] [ɒɒ ] [u:] [ʊ]

ΛΛ [a:] [ ] [ə:] [ə ]

单元音单元音 vowels (12vowels (12个个 ))

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

[ i:] [ɪ] [ e ] [æ]

[ɔɔ:] [ɒ ] [u:] [ʊ]

ΛΛ [a:] [ ] [ə:] [ə ]

单元音单元音 pure vowelspure vowels(12(12个个 ))

双元音双元音双元音双元音[eɪ] [aɪ] [ɔɪ ] [ɪə ] [eə ] [ʊə ]

[əʊ ] [aʊ ]

88 个个

[eɪ ] – a, ai, ay, ea, ei

Rain, rain go away. Little Johnny wants to play.

[aɪ] – i, y

Out of sight, out of mind.

[ɔɪ ]—oy, oi

Soybean oil is my choice.

[əʊ ] – o, oa, ow,

Go and open the window, Joe, and show me

the photo.

[aʊ] – ou, ow

I found a mouse in the house.

game, rain, play, great

five, idea, try, goodbye

boy, toy, point, oil

old, hello, coat, show

about, round, down, town

face same game play waste

hate late hay today train

Read the wordsRead the words

life quiet mind library

night die shy white lie high

Phrases

[eɪ]hate to be late

save her face

never waste

meet the first lady

[aɪ]

Phrases

the blue sky

in the countryside

Out of sight ,out of mind

[aɪ]

写法________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 1 [→2 [ ai →3 [aɪ]

road coat goat boat

cold smoke go home hope

Read the wordsRead the words

how about shout cow loud

mouse ground hour brown mouth

Phrases

[aʊ ] go for an outing

between ourselves read aloud

out of date

Phrases

[əʊ ] Gold Coast （海岸）

make a toast ( 吐司 )be all bones

the local language

[aʊ ]________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

写法

1 [→2 [au →3 [aʊ ]

Read the words

Boys and girls,

please pay attention to “ oy ”!

boy toy joy soy

Read the words

Now please pay Now please pay attention to “ oi ”!attention to “ oi ”!

oioil sl soioil bl boioil l

ccoioin pn poioint nnt noioisese

[ɪə ] – ear, eer, ea

We are near the end of the year.

[eə] – ere, air, are, eir

Where there is a will, there is a way.

[ʊə] – ure, our

It’s sure to be good for the tourists.

hear, year, deer, really

there, chair, careful, their

sure, tour, poor, February

[ʊə]写法

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

1 [→2 [ʊə →[ʊə ]

Read the wordsRead the words

[ɪə] ear dear hear tear

clear here beer

[ʊə] pear pair where wear dare

care share hair stair

Read the phrases [ɪə]• come here• drink the beer• very clear• fear nothing • here and there• Cheering with tears

Learn the phrases Learn the phrases [ʊə]

• share your banana with monkey• eat a lot of pears• a rare metal• run bare foot• at the trade fair

Read the words Read the words [[ʊə]] sure unsure poor tour

Tongue TwisterTongue Twister

• Sure sure sure, Poor poor poor, I’m sure you know I’m poor, So I can’t go to make a tour.

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[eɪ] [aɪ] [ɔɪ] [ɪə] [eə] [ʊə] [əʊ] [aʊ]

[i:] [i] [e] [æ] [a:] [ ] [ə:] [ə] [ɔɔ:] [ɒ[ɒ ] [u:]

[ʊ]

ΛΛ

元音元音 vowels (20vowels (20个个 ))

辅音辅音 2828 个个辅音辅音 2828 个个

•辅音 辅音 Consonants Consonants (28(28 个个 ) ) 1.1. 爆破音爆破音• [[p] Practice makes perfect.p] Practice makes perfect.

• [b] Barry found a big bug on her [b] Barry found a big bug on her

bed.bed.

• [t] This is a hat, that’s a cap.[t] This is a hat, that’s a cap.

• [d] The doorman told David to go [d] The doorman told David to go

down.down.

• [k] Don’t kit the kitten.[k] Don’t kit the kitten.

• [g] A good beginning makes a good [g] A good beginning makes a good

ending.ending.

[p][p] [b][b]

ppay --- ay --- bbayay

ppear – ear – bbearear

ppen --- en --- BBenen

ppig --- ig --- bbigig

[p][p] [b][b]

cacapp --- ca --- cabb

lalapp --- la --- labb

tatapp --- ta --- tabb

roropepe --- ro --- robebe

[t][t] [d][d]

ttown – own – ddownown

ttie – ie – ddieie

ttear – ear – ddearear

ttouch – ouch – DDutchutch

[t][t] [d][d]

benbentt – ben – bendd

righrightt – ri – ridede

lenlentt – len – lendd

bebett – be – bedd

两清辅音一起时，后一个清辅音变成浊辅音，或叫浊化 [sp] →[sb]

[st] →[sd] [ sk] →[sg]•speak spit spy •study star start •sky school screen

[k][k] [g][g]

KKate – ate – ggateate

ccard – ard – gguarduard

ccould – ould – ggoodood

ccoat – oat – ggoatoat

[k][k] [g][g]

pipickck – pi – pigg

flaflakk – fla – flagg

babackck – ba – bagg

LoLockck – lo – logg

• 2. 鼻音[ m ] May I have some milk,

mum?[ n ] Nora knows the new comer.[ ŋ ] Lingling is listening to the

song.Compare n [ n ] ng /nk [ ŋ]

in—ink sin-sing thin---thing

than—thank son---song

[ K ] [ g ] 前的 n 发 [ŋ]

3.摩擦音[f] If you buy fish, make sure it’s fresh.

[v] Victor is very clever.

[ ] Thank you for your table cloth.

[ ð ] Those are far and these are near.

[ s ] Sandy has a new swimming suit.

[ z ] What size of shoes does Daisy wear?

•[ ] sure, she, national 

• Wash the fish, please.•[ ʒ ] pleasure,  television

•George measured the garage with pleasure.

•[ h ] have hot, who whole hate house

•Helen holds her hands.•[ r ] read, write,  wrong•Are you ready to read?

4.4. 破擦音破擦音

[ t ] He teaches children how to play

chess.

[d ] John likes to tell jokes.

[ tr ] There’re lots of trucks in the street.

[ dr ] He likes strong drinks.

[ ts ] The students are wearing white

shirts.

[dz] Take away your dirty hands.

ʒ

•5) 舌边音 : • [l] land, world  如果在后面 读 [ ł ]

little, middle, castle ， puzzle•What a beautiful bicycle!•6) 半元音 : • [ w ] wall, what, answer  •The homework every week is

very hard. • [ j ] yes  yellow year•Yes, your yellow skirt is wet.

light night right

lock knock rock

lot not rot

lead need read

lice nice rice

compare:

1. Red lorry, yellow lorry, red

lorry, yellow lorry.

2. Let’s look for leaves in the

large lake with a long ladder.

Tongue twisters

成音节 [m] ， [n] ， [l]• 英语辅音字母中有 3 个辅音 [m] ， [n] ，

[l] 是响音，它们和辅音音素结合，也可构成音节，也叫成音节。它们构成的音节往往出现在词尾，一般是非重读音节。如：

• apple [`æpl] ， table [`teibl] ，• middle [`midl], little [`litl] ，• garden [`ga:dn] ， lesson [`lesn], • physical [`fisikl] ， realism [`ri:lizm] 等

等。

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[ p] [ b ] [ t ] [d ] [ k ] [ g ] [ f ] [v] [s][z]

[ h] [w] [ j ]

[ ] [ ] [t ] [d ]

ʒ ʒ

[ tr ][dr] [ts][dz]

[m] [n] [ŋ] [ l ] [ r ]

[ ] [ ]ðθ

Goodbye!