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NATIONAL STATISTICAL COORDINATION BOARD
MEASURING INDIGENOUS PEOPLES
RIGHTS IN THE PHILIPPINES:
THE METAGORA EXPERIENCE
Presented byBenjamin Y. Navarro
Regional HeadNational Statistical Coordination Board
Cordillera Administrative Region
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NATIONAL STATISTICAL COORDINATION BOARD
A Pilot Study on the Diagnosis of
Indigenous Peoples Rights to
Ancestral Domains and Ancestral
Lands in the Philippines
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NATIONAL STATISTICAL COORDINATION BOARD
PROJECT OBJECTIVES
To develop methods and
statistical tools, combining
quantitative and qualitative
approaches that will
diagnose and measure the
rights of indigenous peoples
to their ancestral domains
and ancestral lands.
Areas Covered
Perceptions and
awareness Violations andrealization
Measures
Mechanisms
Rights Focused on:
Rights to Ancestral
Domains
Rights To Ancestral Lands
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NATIONAL STATISTICAL COORDINATION BOARD
SCOPE : RIGHTS COVERED IN THE STUDY
RIGHTS TO ANCESTRAL DOMAINS
Right of ownership
Right to develop lands and natural resources
Right to stay in the territories
Right in case of displacement
Right to regulate entry of migrants
Right to safe and clean air and waterRight to claim parts of reservations
Right to resolve conflict
RIGHTS TO ANCESTRAL LANDS
Right to transfer land/propertyRight of redemption
Source: Republic Act No. 8371(Indigenous Peoples Rights Act of1997/IPRA)
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NATIONAL STATISTICAL COORDINATION BOARD
Funding: Organization for Economic Cooperation andDevelopment (OECD)
Partner Implementing Organization (PIO) : Commission
on Human Rights of the Philippines (CHRP)
Strategic Partners:National Statistical Coordination Board (NSCB)
National Statistics Office (NSO)
National Commission for Indigenous Peoples (NCIP)
Statistical Research and Training Center (SRTC)
Others: ESCRAsia, PhilRIGHTs and the academe
The Partners
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NATIONAL STATISTICAL COORDINATION BOARD
REGION 1
BAGO TRIBE
Sugpon, Ilocos Sur
No. of hhs: 150
REGION CAR
KANKANA-EY TRIBE
Kibungan, Benguet
No. of hhs: 250
REGION IIBUGKALOT TRIBE
Qurino, Nueva Vizcaya,
Aurora & Region III
No. of hhs: 350
TOTAL SAMPLE SIZE: 750
COVERAGE: Tribes and Households
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NATIONAL STATISTICAL COORDINATION BOARD
PROJECT &SURVEYOBJECTIVES
METHODOLOGY
SURVEY DESIGN
FIELDOPERATIONS
FGD OPERATIONS
FINDINGS
Quantitative
approach
Qualitative
approach
CONSULTATIONS
Project Implementation Process
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NATIONAL STATISTICAL COORDINATION BOARD
Tools ProducedSurvey Questionnaire in English
Translated versions of Questionnaire in
Bugkalot, Kankana-ey and Ilocano
Languages
Manual for Interviewers
FGD Guide and Reporting Sheets
Manual of Survey Field Operations
Pilot Study Outputs
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NATIONAL STATISTICAL COORDINATION BOARD
Perceptions and awareness
Violations/Realization of rights
Measures
Mechanisms
Results in 4 Major Areas
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NATIONAL STATISTICAL COORDINATION BOARD
Perceptions On and Awareness
of the Rights to AncestralDomains and Ancestral Lands
PHILIPPINE METAGORA:MEASURING HUMAN RIGHTS OF INDIGENOUS PEOPLES IN THE PHILIPPINES
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FINDINGS: PERCEPTIONS AND AWARENESS
SURVEY Bug Kan Bag
Right of ownership 95.7 94.8 89.3
Right in case of displacement 38.9 72.4 68.7
Right to regulate entry of
migrants89.4 95.2 92.0
Right to develop lands andnatural resources
99.4 100.0 98.0
Right to safe and clean water 99.4 100.0 98.0
Right to claim parts of
reservations71.7 68.4 59.3
Right to resolve conflict 84.9 92.8 73.3
With full possession, IPs can
be said to fully enjoy their
rights as human beings.
93.7 92.0 86.7
FGD
Right of ownership, to
develop lands andnatural resources and
to stay in territories
well understood. Low
or no awareness of
other rights listedunder IPRA.
CONSULTATIONS
We owned the lands
since time immemorial.
We deserve to haveaccess to water inside
our ancestral domain.
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NATIONAL STATISTICAL COORDINATION BOARD
Perceptions On and Awareness of the Rightsto Ancestral Domains and Ancestral Lands
Percentage of households who are aware of the rights
PHILIPPINE METAGORA:MEASURING HUMAN RIGHTS OF INDIGENOUS PEOPLES IN THE PHILIPPINES
89.395.7 94.8
68.7
38.9
72.4
92 89.4 95.2
Right of ownership Right in case of
displacement
Right to regulate
entry of migrants
Bago
Bugkalot
Kankanaey
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NATIONAL STATISTICAL COORDINATION BOARD
PHILIPPINE METAGORA:MEASURING HUMAN RIGHTS OF INDIGENOUS PEOPLES IN THE PHILIPPINES
Perceptions On and Awareness of the Rightsto Ancestral Domains and Ancestral Lands
Percentage of households who are aware of the rights
96.795.798
93.3 93.197.2
59.3
71.7
68.7
74
84.9
93.2
Right to develop lands
and natural resources
Right to safe and clean
water
Right to claim parts of
reservations
Right to resolve conflict
Bago
Bugkalot
Kankanaey
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NATIONAL STATISTICAL COORDINATION BOARD
PHILIPPINE METAGORA:MEASURING HUMAN RIGHTS OF INDIGENOUS PEOPLES IN THE PHILIPPINES
Perceptions On and Awareness of the Rights
to Ancestral Domains and Ancestral Lands
Percentage of households who believe that
with full possession and ownership of their ancestral
domains and ancestral lands, IPs can be said to fully
enjoy their rights as human beings
86.7
94
92.0
Bago
Bugkalot
Kankanaey
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NATIONAL STATISTICAL COORDINATION BOARD
ANALYSIS
Realization of the Rights
of Indigenous Peoplesto Ancestral Domains
and Ancestral Lands
PHILIPPINE METAGORA:MEASURING HUMAN RIGHTS OF INDIGENOUS PEOPLES IN THE PHILIPPINES
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NATIONAL STATISTICAL COORDINATION BOARD
Realization of the Rights of Indigenous Peoples on
Ancestral Domain and Ancestral Lands
PHILIPPINE METAGORA:MEASURING HUMAN RIGHTS OF INDIGENOUS PEOPLES IN THE PHILIPPINES
KANKANAEY TRIBE
71.7
21.7
Thru Inheritance /
since time immemorial
Thru Purchase
How land was acquiredPercentage of households byownership of land
Don't
Know
1%
Not Own25%
Own
74%
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NATIONAL STATISTICAL COORDINATION BOARD
PHILIPPINE METAGORA:MEASURING HUMAN RIGHTS OF INDIGENOUS PEOPLES IN THE PHILIPPINES
Realization of the Rights of Indigenous Peoples on
Ancestral Domain and Ancestral Lands
For Households Owning the Land:
Having a title to the land
(Yes / No / Dont know)
For Households with Title
to the Land:
Evidence of ownership
3.2
43.5
53.2
Don't Know
No
Yes
CLOA
15.2%
CLT
25%
Tax Decl./Realty
Tax Rcpts
44%
CADT
3%
Native Title
1%
CALT
1%Torrens Title
1%
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NATIONAL STATISTICAL COORDINATION BOARD
Duties and Obligations of IPs
Utilization of Land
PHILIPPINE METAGORA:MEASURING HUMAN RIGHTS OF INDIGENOUS PEOPLES IN THE PHILIPPINES
70.7
14.04.7
22.7
92.6
2.60 0.3
93.6
1.6 1.2 1.2
Bago Bugkalot / Ilongot Kankanaey
Cultivation by Self or Family Members Renting/Leasing Out to Others
Left Idle/Not Being Utilized Others
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NATIONAL STATISTICAL COORDINATION BOARD
E. Violations of IPs Rights
Violations Of Rights To Ancestral Domain And Land
PHILIPPINE METAGORA:MEASURING HUMAN RIGHTS OF INDIGENOUS PEOPLES IN THE PHILIPPINES
13.2
8.8
12.0
6.0
8.4
Percentage of Househo lds w ho Experienced
the Different Forms o f Violations
Encroachment
Pollution
Illegal Entry
Displcmt/Reloc
Others
Don't Know
23%
No response
5%
Experienced
violations
36%
Not
experienced
violations
37%
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NATIONAL STATISTICAL COORDINATION BOARD
Has Land Been Taken Away?
PHILIPPINE METAGORA:MEASURING HUMAN RIGHTS OF INDIGENOUS PEOPLES IN THE PHILIPPINES
E. Violations of IPs Rights
How Taken Away
Others
17%By Force
22%
Gov't and
Private
Sector
Projects
0%By Fraud /
Deceit
61%
By WhomGovernment
0% Private orgs
5.6%
Council of
Elders/
Leaders
0%Private
individuals
94.4%
Others
39%
0
0.8
91.5
7.3
No response
Don't Know
No
Yes
PHILIPPINE METAGORA
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NATIONAL STATISTICAL COORDINATION BOARD
ANALYSIS
On Measures
for Grievance and Redress
PHILIPPINE METAGORA:MEASURING HUMAN RIGHTS OF INDIGENOUS PEOPLES IN THE PHILIPPINES
PHILIPPINE METAGORA
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NATIONAL STATISTICAL COORDINATION BOARD
H. Measures to Protect IPs Rights
AWARENESS OF GOVERNMENT PROGRAMS AND SERVICES
84.0 84.0
78.875.6
68.4 68.0
57.6
50.4
43.6 43.2
DSWD DOH DENR DA DepEd LGU NSO DAR NCIP CHR
PHILIPPINE METAGORA:MEASURING HUMAN RIGHTS OF INDIGENOUS PEOPLES IN THE PHILIPPINES
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PHILIPPINE METAGORA:
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NATIONAL STATISTICAL COORDINATION BOARD
H. Measures to Protect IPs Rights
NON-GOVERNMENT ENTITIES BEING SOUGHT FOR ASSISTANCE ON LAND ISSUES
PHILIPPINE METAGORA:MEASURING HUMAN RIGHTS OF INDIGENOUS PEOPLES IN THE PHILIPPINES
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
NGOs Private
Companies
Churches Political Leaders Professional
Groups
Media
Bago
Bugkalot
Kankanaey
PHILIPPINE METAGORA:
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NATIONAL STATISTICAL COORDINATION BOARD
Measures to Facilitate Realization of IPs Rights
RANK OF CURRENT PRIMARY NEEDS OF COMMUNITIES
PHILIPPINE METAGORA:MEASURING HUMAN RIGHTS OF INDIGENOUS PEOPLES IN THE PHILIPPINES
Adequate Food
Housing
Water System
Livelihood/Employment
Education
Health Facilities/Services
Social Insurance
Security/Peace & Order 6.9
2.4
3.5
3.1
4.5
5.1
4.9
6.4
6.4
4.8
6.4
7.1
1.8
3.7
4.4
3.1
3.8
5.5
6.9
Bago Bugkalot Kankanaey
1.5
3.2
3.9
4.4
5.0
PHILIPPINE METAGORA:
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NATIONAL STATISTICAL COORDINATION BOARD
ANALYSIS
On Mechanisms to Protect
IP Rights
PHILIPPINE METAGORA:MEASURING HUMAN RIGHTS OF INDIGENOUS PEOPLES IN THE PHILIPPINES
FINDINGS: MECHANISMS
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ORGANIZATIONS/INSTITUTIONS WHERE LAND ISSUES
AND PROBLEMS ARE DISCUSSED AND RESOLVED
- 10.0 20.0 30.0 40.0 50.0 60.0 70.0 80.0 90.0
No response
Don't Know
Others
Barangay Council/Lupon
Bodong Holders/Peace Pact Bodies
Council of Elders/Tribal Leaders
None
Bago Bugkalot Kankanaey
FINDINGS:MECHANISMS
PHILIPPINE METAGORA:
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NATIONAL STATISTICAL COORDINATION BOARD
Mechanisms For Grievance/Redress
40.8 40.8
0.4
Yes No No response
Gone to Any Organizations / Institutions
60.8
37.3
1.0
Dont Know
No
Yes
Participated in Discussions /
Decision Making Process
GOMEASURING HUMAN RIGHTS OF INDIGENOUS PEOPLES IN THE PHILIPPINES
KANKANAEY
FINDINGS: MECHANISMS
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MODE OF RESOLUTION OF LAND ISSUES /CONFLICTS
FINDINGS:MECHANISMS
-0.3
-2.0
3.14.0
0.70.6
3.2
39.370.934.0
34.712.0
49.6
22.712.08.8
Referred to right
government institution
Amicable settlement
Customary Laws
Others
Don't Know
No Response
Bago Bugkalot Kankanaey
PHILIPPINE METAGORA:
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NATIONAL STATISTICAL COORDINATION BOARD
Conclusions
MEASURING HUMAN RIGHTS OF INDIGENOUS PEOPLES IN THE PHILIPPINES
The survey tool developed is effective
and viable.
The survey findings are applicable tothe local tribes surveyed, but not to
the IPs nationwide.
The survey results can be used in
policy formulation and programidentification.
Conclusions
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NATIONAL STATISTICAL COORDINATION BOARD
Bottom up approach allowing free,
active and meaningful participation of
IPs generates useful findings for
advocacy of IP rightsamonggovernance stakeholders
ON METHODOLOGY AND TOOLS
Conclusions
Conclusions
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NATIONAL STATISTICAL COORDINATION BOARD
Rights based governance indicators for
guarantee of respect, protection and
fulfillment of IP rights can be generatedusing a combination of quantitative
(SURVEY) and qualitative (FGD)
approaches in evidenced-based study
of IP Rights.
ON METHODOLOGY AND TOOLS
Conclusions
Recommendations
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NATIONAL STATISTICAL COORDINATION BOARD
The participatory bottom up approach in
surveys of ICCs/IPs should be adopted
in any effort to diagnose, assess orevaluate IP rights .
ON IP INDICATORS AND DATASETS
Recommendations
Recommendations
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NATIONAL STATISTICAL COORDINATION BOARD
A complementary combination of
quantitative and qualitative approaches
in diagnosing human rights, governanceand democracy shows potentials for
discovery of indicators for democratic
rights based governance.
ON IP INDICATORS AND DATASETS
Recommendations
Recommendations
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NATIONAL STATISTICAL COORDINATION BOARD
Replicate the study on other IPs in otherethnographic regions within the countryto provide evidenced-based data that
would become useful inputs to inclusionof more IP data in future censuses ofthe Philippine population.
This would be a government guarantee
on the rights of IPs/ICCs to berecognized as a distinct sector ofPhilippine society
ON IP INDICATORS AND DATASETS
Recommendations
References
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NATIONAL STATISTICAL COORDINATION BOARD
2005 Pilot Study on the Diagnosis of Indigenous Peoples
Rights to Ancestral Domains and Ancestral Lands in thePhilippines (main report and annex tables)
Quantitative Findings and Analysis of Pilot Survey of
Indigenous Peoples, Philippine METAGORA project,
presented by Dir. Lina V. Castro, NSCB, July 2005
(powerpoint presentation)
Measuring Indigenous Peoples: Rights in the Philippines:
Quantitative and Qualitative Approaches presented by
Atty Anita M. Chauhan, PhD., CHR, October 2005
(powerpoint presentation)
References
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NATIONAL STATISTICAL COORDINATION BOARD
Thank You
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