22.02, group 2 — concept of sustainable development in built environment

Sustainable technologies in building

Proposed by Group 2

Contents

• Energy problems in building• Our vision of 2030• What do we need to make it come true?

– Technical Solutions– Energy sources– Implementation solution

• Economic• Informational

• Indicators• Conclusions

Energy problems in building

• Dependence on natural gas and masut instead of own and renewable resources

• Old heating equipment• Low efficient technologies in municipal

heating and electricity supply• Society’s unawareness of new energy

technologies• Country’s orientation on fossil fuels on

governmental level

FOSSILE FUELS

February 22, 2030. Ukraine

Renewable resources

Year 2030. Ukraine

Electricity production in Ukraine in 2030

60%20%

10%10%

Nuclear power plants Heat & power plantsHydroelectric power station Biomass energy; biomass fuel cells

Heat generation in Ukraine in 2030

Biomass energy & waste20%

Heat & power plants30%

Boiler-houses (gas)10%

Boiler-houses (coal)10%

All types of heat pumps30%

Boiler-houses (coal) Boiler-houses (gas)Heat & power plants All types of heat pumpsBiomass energy & waste

Year 2030. Ukraine

ü New types of home-used energy (renewable resources)

ü Companies specialized on low-energy technologies

ü The market of renewable resources

ü Ukrainian-made equipment for municipal heating with renewable resources

ü System approach in building (passive & active energy technologies)

Year 2030. Ukraine

Minergie R° LEED

Passivhouse

What do we need to make it come true?

We need to follow the best world technologies in building sector!

Energy Technologies

Passive technologies

One of the original Passivhaus at Darmstadt, Germany

It’s an approach to minimize all energy use,

irrespective of the fact that the

energy may come from

renewable resources.

Passive technologies

The dark colours on this thermogram of

Passivhaus show how

little heat is

escaping compared

with traditional

building

Passive technologies

ØPassive solar building design techniques (compact in shape, windows oriented towards the south)

ØSuperinsulation

ØHeat recovery ventilation

ØLow-energy lighting

Passive technologies

ØHeat exchanger

ØMicro-heat pumpThe ability to control building

temperature using only the normal volume of ventilation air is fundamental.

ØAdvanced window technology

Active technologies

The production of renewable energy and energy conservation.

Examples:

v Zero-energy house

v Plus-energy house

BedZET zero energy housing in the UK

Active technologiesPossible sources of energy:§Solar cells

§Wind turbines

§Biofuels

§Solar collectors

§Waste heat from lighting

§White goods

§Body heat

Electricity

Heating

Spaceheating

Commercial, industrial & institutional buildings

Private(single family)

houses

Existingbuildings New buildings

Ground-source or water-source heat pumps

Biomass boilers

Existinghouses

Newhouses

No changes(with exception of interested home

owners)Heat pumps

Solar collectors

Districtheating

systems (but MINIMUM

GAS!)Heat pumps

(source: sewage water; condensate from power stations)

Biomass energy

Boiler houses(coal or gas)

Space heating

Commercial & institutional buildings

Private houses

New Existing New Existing

New commercial & institutional buildings

ØGround-source or water-source heat pumps

ØBiomass boilers

Existing commercial & institutional buildings

ØHeat pumps (source: sewage water, condensate from power stations)

ØBiomass energy

ØBoiler houses (coal or gas)

District heating systems (but MINIMUM GAS!)

New private buildings

ØHeat pumps

ØSolar collectors

Existing private houses

No changes (with exception of interested home

owners)

Heat pumps

Why heat pumps?

Why heat pumps?

Biomass potential

It is the fourth greatest energy resource

after oil, coal, and natural gas.

“It can provide approximately 10% of all energy demand of Ukraine(without a share used in other economical branches) by 2015.” According to the Institute for Technical Thermophysics of NASU

Especially it can replace natural gas for private houses heating.

Municipal Waste Potential

Ukraine has a large potential for using wastes as renewable resource of energy.

Waste

Solid waste Sewages

Incineration Anaerobic digestion

Biogas (70% methane)District Heating

Electricity

EU and US example

Electricity production in Ukraine

• One nuclear reactor of 1000 MW performance in case when all this capacity is consumed by heat pumps could substitute 100-120 boiler-houses with average power of 30 MW!

Electricity production in Ukraine

What does pollute greater: one reactor or hundred boiler houses???

Why are we speaking about non renewable fuels?

Because we try to create a real image.

During 30 years, we will not be able to replace all energy by renewable resources.

For Ukraine nuclear power is irreplaceable.

It will be good back-up system for renewable resources.

System approach in building?

Hammarby Sjöstad, Stockholm

Implementation Solutions

Educational• Bachelor's and Master's program with

scholarships and loans• Special “Renewables” course in all Universities• Holding Ministry contests and providing grants• Participation in regional and international

projects• “Using Renewables” subject in secondary

school

• Having specialists in designing, implementing and maintaining technologies, using renewables

• Public opinion includes need for renewable resources

Implementation Solutions

Economical• Establish renewables as the main energetic goal• Provide low interest loans in business, using

renewables• Performance-based subsidies, which are clear and

understandable• Increased taxation on fossil fuels and decreased

on renewables

The market of renewablesrenewablesand connected servicesconnected services

Popular use of the renewablesrenewables in houses

Indicators

Number/increase of heat pumps

Number of passive/active systems used

Number/amount of low interest loans, provided for building

Market of renewables and services volume

Number of plants producing specialized equipment

Conclusions

What we have tried to do during 15 minutes?

üExplain our vision of best future for Ukraine

üShow the most important mechanisms and technologies to do it.

These technologies work in smart countries and should be implemented in Ukraine.

Thank You for Your Attention!