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||Institute of Electromagnetic Fields (IEF)Yannik Horst – yannik.horst@ief.ee.ethz.ch

Shadi Nashashibi – shadi.nashashibi@ief.ee.ethz.chRaphael Schwanninger – raphael.schwanninger@ief.ee.ethz.ch

05.10.2020 1

P&S COMSOL® Design:Simulations of Optical ComponentsLecture 3: Introduction to COMSOL & Young’s Slit Experiments

Arif Güngör, Yannik Horst, Stefano Valente

||Institute of Electromagnetic Fields (IEF)Yannik Horst – yannik.horst@ief.ee.ethz.ch

Shadi Nashashibi – shadi.nashashibi@ief.ee.ethz.chRaphael Schwanninger – raphael.schwanninger@ief.ee.ethz.ch

05.10.2020 2

Simulation of physics – what’s needed

Set up environment

Young’s slit experiments

Single slit Theory

Simulation

Double slit Theory

Simulation

Content

||Institute of Electromagnetic Fields (IEF)Yannik Horst – yannik.horst@ief.ee.ethz.ch

Shadi Nashashibi – shadi.nashashibi@ief.ee.ethz.chRaphael Schwanninger – raphael.schwanninger@ief.ee.ethz.ch

05.10.2020 3

Software COMSOL

Physics / assumptions

Electromagnetics solver, finite element method (FEM)

Simulation domain

Mesh

Boundary conditions

Source (propagation) or boundary analysis (mode-analysis)

Simulation of Physics – What’s Needed

||Institute of Electromagnetic Fields (IEF)Yannik Horst – yannik.horst@ief.ee.ethz.ch

Shadi Nashashibi – shadi.nashashibi@ief.ee.ethz.chRaphael Schwanninger – raphael.schwanninger@ief.ee.ethz.ch

05.10.2020 4

Mesh

Boundary conditions

Source (propagation) or boundary analysis (mode-analysis)

Simulation of Physics – What’s Needed

||Institute of Electromagnetic Fields (IEF)Yannik Horst – yannik.horst@ief.ee.ethz.ch

Shadi Nashashibi – shadi.nashashibi@ief.ee.ethz.chRaphael Schwanninger – raphael.schwanninger@ief.ee.ethz.ch

05.10.2020 5

Discretization of simulation domain

Mesh size determines accuracy of solution

Too large mesh wrong results

Accuracy vs. simulation time

Too small mesh very large simulation time

Mesh

||Institute of Electromagnetic Fields (IEF)Yannik Horst – yannik.horst@ief.ee.ethz.ch

Shadi Nashashibi – shadi.nashashibi@ief.ee.ethz.chRaphael Schwanninger – raphael.schwanninger@ief.ee.ethz.ch

05.10.2020 6

Boundary conditions (BC) allow to truncate the simulation domain

Behavior must be defined

Some of the most commonly used BCs are:

Perfect electric conductor (PEC)

Perfect magnetic conductor (PMC)

Scattering boundary condition

Periodic boundaries condition (PBC)

Boundary Conditions

Different BCs

||Institute of Electromagnetic Fields (IEF)Yannik Horst – yannik.horst@ief.ee.ethz.ch

Shadi Nashashibi – shadi.nashashibi@ief.ee.ethz.chRaphael Schwanninger – raphael.schwanninger@ief.ee.ethz.ch

05.10.2020 7

Provide “energy” to the simulation domain

Common source types:

Point sources (electric / magnetic)

Voltage sources

Current sources

Field sources

Plane wave port

Sources

||Institute of Electromagnetic Fields (IEF)Yannik Horst – yannik.horst@ief.ee.ethz.ch

Shadi Nashashibi – shadi.nashashibi@ief.ee.ethz.chRaphael Schwanninger – raphael.schwanninger@ief.ee.ethz.ch

05.10.2020 8

Set up environment

Content

||Institute of Electromagnetic Fields (IEF)Yannik Horst – yannik.horst@ief.ee.ethz.ch

Shadi Nashashibi – shadi.nashashibi@ief.ee.ethz.chRaphael Schwanninger – raphael.schwanninger@ief.ee.ethz.ch

05.10.2020 9

In the shell, type command:

This command should work now, if at any point it fails, contact us.

If you use the command “comsol” without “-ckl”, that’s also fine. Just make sure In “options/preferences/geometry” Geometry representation for the new models is chosen as Comsol kernel, not CAD kernel.

After changing the setting, restart Comsol for new setting to become active.

Set up Environment

comsol -ckl

||Institute of Electromagnetic Fields (IEF)Yannik Horst – yannik.horst@ief.ee.ethz.ch

Shadi Nashashibi – shadi.nashashibi@ief.ee.ethz.chRaphael Schwanninger – raphael.schwanninger@ief.ee.ethz.ch

05.10.2020 10

Set up Environment

||Institute of Electromagnetic Fields (IEF)Yannik Horst – yannik.horst@ief.ee.ethz.ch

Shadi Nashashibi – shadi.nashashibi@ief.ee.ethz.chRaphael Schwanninger – raphael.schwanninger@ief.ee.ethz.ch

05.10.2020 11

Set up Environment

||Institute of Electromagnetic Fields (IEF)Yannik Horst – yannik.horst@ief.ee.ethz.ch

Shadi Nashashibi – shadi.nashashibi@ief.ee.ethz.chRaphael Schwanninger – raphael.schwanninger@ief.ee.ethz.ch

05.10.2020 12

Set up Environment – Parameters

||Institute of Electromagnetic Fields (IEF)Yannik Horst – yannik.horst@ief.ee.ethz.ch

Shadi Nashashibi – shadi.nashashibi@ief.ee.ethz.chRaphael Schwanninger – raphael.schwanninger@ief.ee.ethz.ch

05.10.2020 13

Set up Environment – Geometry

||Institute of Electromagnetic Fields (IEF)Yannik Horst – yannik.horst@ief.ee.ethz.ch

Shadi Nashashibi – shadi.nashashibi@ief.ee.ethz.chRaphael Schwanninger – raphael.schwanninger@ief.ee.ethz.ch

05.10.2020 14

Young’s slit experiments

Single slit Theory

Simulation

Double slit Theory

Simulation

Content

||Institute of Electromagnetic Fields (IEF)Yannik Horst – yannik.horst@ief.ee.ethz.ch

Shadi Nashashibi – shadi.nashashibi@ief.ee.ethz.chRaphael Schwanninger – raphael.schwanninger@ief.ee.ethz.ch

05.10.2020 15

Young’s Slit Experiment: Single Slit – Theory

||Institute of Electromagnetic Fields (IEF)Yannik Horst – yannik.horst@ief.ee.ethz.ch

Shadi Nashashibi – shadi.nashashibi@ief.ee.ethz.chRaphael Schwanninger – raphael.schwanninger@ief.ee.ethz.ch

05.10.2020 16

Young’s Slit Experiment: Single Slit – Geometry

||Institute of Electromagnetic Fields (IEF)Yannik Horst – yannik.horst@ief.ee.ethz.ch

Shadi Nashashibi – shadi.nashashibi@ief.ee.ethz.chRaphael Schwanninger – raphael.schwanninger@ief.ee.ethz.ch

05.10.2020 17

Young’s Slit Experiment: Single Slit – Mesh

||Institute of Electromagnetic Fields (IEF)Yannik Horst – yannik.horst@ief.ee.ethz.ch

Shadi Nashashibi – shadi.nashashibi@ief.ee.ethz.chRaphael Schwanninger – raphael.schwanninger@ief.ee.ethz.ch

05.10.2020 18

Young’s Slit Experiment: Single Slit – Results

z-component of E-field

||Institute of Electromagnetic Fields (IEF)Yannik Horst – yannik.horst@ief.ee.ethz.ch

Shadi Nashashibi – shadi.nashashibi@ief.ee.ethz.chRaphael Schwanninger – raphael.schwanninger@ief.ee.ethz.ch

05.10.2020 19

Young’s Slit Experiment: Single Slit – Results

Intensity

||Institute of Electromagnetic Fields (IEF)Yannik Horst – yannik.horst@ief.ee.ethz.ch

Shadi Nashashibi – shadi.nashashibi@ief.ee.ethz.chRaphael Schwanninger – raphael.schwanninger@ief.ee.ethz.ch

05.10.2020 20

Young’s Slit Experiment: Single Slit – Parametric Sweep

||Institute of Electromagnetic Fields (IEF)Yannik Horst – yannik.horst@ief.ee.ethz.ch

Shadi Nashashibi – shadi.nashashibi@ief.ee.ethz.chRaphael Schwanninger – raphael.schwanninger@ief.ee.ethz.ch

05.10.2020 21

Young’s Slit Experiment: Single Slit – Parametric Sweep Results

Sweep slit_width slit_width[3]

slit_width[2]

slit_width[1]

slit_width[0]

z-component of E-field

||Institute of Electromagnetic Fields (IEF)Yannik Horst – yannik.horst@ief.ee.ethz.ch

Shadi Nashashibi – shadi.nashashibi@ief.ee.ethz.chRaphael Schwanninger – raphael.schwanninger@ief.ee.ethz.ch

05.10.2020 22

Young’s Slit Experiment: Single Slit – Parametric Sweep Results

Sweep slit_width

slit_width[3]

slit_width[2]

slit_width[1]

slit_width[0]

Intensity

||Institute of Electromagnetic Fields (IEF)Yannik Horst – yannik.horst@ief.ee.ethz.ch

Shadi Nashashibi – shadi.nashashibi@ief.ee.ethz.chRaphael Schwanninger – raphael.schwanninger@ief.ee.ethz.ch

05.10.2020 23

Young’s Slit Experiment: Double Slit – Theory

Interesting parameters to change• Frequency• Slit width• Distance from slit to screen

Amplitude of Field

||Institute of Electromagnetic Fields (IEF)Yannik Horst – yannik.horst@ief.ee.ethz.ch

Shadi Nashashibi – shadi.nashashibi@ief.ee.ethz.chRaphael Schwanninger – raphael.schwanninger@ief.ee.ethz.ch

05.10.2020 24

Young’s Slit Experiment: Double Slit – Theory

Interesting parameters to change• Frequency• Slit width• Distance from slit to screen

Intensity of Field

||Institute of Electromagnetic Fields (IEF)Yannik Horst – yannik.horst@ief.ee.ethz.ch

Shadi Nashashibi – shadi.nashashibi@ief.ee.ethz.chRaphael Schwanninger – raphael.schwanninger@ief.ee.ethz.ch

05.10.2020 25

Young’s Slit Experiment: Double Slit – Geometry

Point source

||Institute of Electromagnetic Fields (IEF)Yannik Horst – yannik.horst@ief.ee.ethz.ch

Shadi Nashashibi – shadi.nashashibi@ief.ee.ethz.chRaphael Schwanninger – raphael.schwanninger@ief.ee.ethz.ch

05.10.2020 26

Young’s Slit Experiment: Double Slit – Mesh

||Institute of Electromagnetic Fields (IEF)Yannik Horst – yannik.horst@ief.ee.ethz.ch

Shadi Nashashibi – shadi.nashashibi@ief.ee.ethz.chRaphael Schwanninger – raphael.schwanninger@ief.ee.ethz.ch

05.10.2020 27

Young’s Slit Experiment: Double Slit – Results

z-component of the E-field

||Institute of Electromagnetic Fields (IEF)Yannik Horst – yannik.horst@ief.ee.ethz.ch

Shadi Nashashibi – shadi.nashashibi@ief.ee.ethz.chRaphael Schwanninger – raphael.schwanninger@ief.ee.ethz.ch

05.10.2020 28

Young’s Slit Experiment: Double Slit – Results

Intensity

||Institute of Electromagnetic Fields (IEF)Yannik Horst – yannik.horst@ief.ee.ethz.ch

Shadi Nashashibi – shadi.nashashibi@ief.ee.ethz.chRaphael Schwanninger – raphael.schwanninger@ief.ee.ethz.ch

05.10.2020 29

Young’s Slit Experiment: Double Slit – Parametric Sweep

||Institute of Electromagnetic Fields (IEF)Yannik Horst – yannik.horst@ief.ee.ethz.ch

Shadi Nashashibi – shadi.nashashibi@ief.ee.ethz.chRaphael Schwanninger – raphael.schwanninger@ief.ee.ethz.ch

05.10.2020 30

Sweep sep

Young’s Slit Experiment: Double Slit – Parametric Sweep

sep

JK30

Slide 30

JK30 is this plot an intensity plot?Jentner Kaja; 04.10.2019

||Institute of Electromagnetic Fields (IEF)Yannik Horst – yannik.horst@ief.ee.ethz.ch

Shadi Nashashibi – shadi.nashashibi@ief.ee.ethz.chRaphael Schwanninger – raphael.schwanninger@ief.ee.ethz.ch

05.10.2020 31

Wave-guiding

Mode analysis

Next Week

||Institute of Electromagnetic Fields (IEF)Yannik Horst – yannik.horst@ief.ee.ethz.ch

Shadi Nashashibi – shadi.nashashibi@ief.ee.ethz.chRaphael Schwanninger – raphael.schwanninger@ief.ee.ethz.ch

05.10.2020 32