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  • - 2012 - -

    93

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  • 94

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  • - 2012 - -

    95

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  • 96

    )service restoration. (

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    .

    -3

    . [Heuristic search approach([2(

    .

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    .

    .

    )evolutionary Algorithms and fuzzy Logic([3] .

    ) binary(

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    )mutation(

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    )expert system ( [4]

  • - 2012 - -

    97

    . )historical database (

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    geographical information( system(GIS

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    : 4-1

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    Secondary numeration

  • 98

    .

    . -2

    nodes initial voltage

    )1 Pu( .

    nodes currents -3

    )Pu 1(

    **

    VSI = )1(

    :S : . V : . branches currents -4

    :

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    in jIxIxI )()()( )2(

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    . final voltages -5

    :

    V(x)=V(y)- Iin(X)*Z(y,x) )3( :

    V(y) : X Z(y,x) : )x,y(

    -6Power flow convergence

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    4-3 Genetic Algorithms

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  • - 2012 - -

    99

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    : -2 The objective and fitness functions

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    33

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  • 100

    ) trails( )reproduction(

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  • - 2012 - -

    101

    ) 2(

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  • 102

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  • - 2012 - -

    103

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  • 104

    ).minimization(

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    (x)f 2Min

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    Nm : . jSWm : j . jSWmr : j . :

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    (x)f 3Min

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    Na : . jSWa : j . jSWar : j :

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  • - 2012 - -

    105

    .

    :

    44332211fwfwfwfwf +++= )13(

    :w4, w3, w2, w1 : :

    - .

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    . .

    . : -616( ) 4( (

    ) 18( ). (

    2() 1( . ( ) 1(

    )PU(

    0 1 1 0.0020 + 0.0001i 2 2

    0 2 3 0.0044 + 0.0027i 2 4 0.0034 + 0.0017i 2 5 0.0034 + 0.0017i 2 6

    0 1 7 0.0017 + 0.0011i 2 8 0.0034 + 0.0017i 2 9 0.0031 + 0.0019i 2 10 0.0015 + 0.0009i 2 11 0.0044 + 0.0027i 2 12 0.0016 + 0.0012i 2 13 0.0023 + 0.0012i 2 14 0.0010 + 0.0007i 2 15 0.0014 + 0.0017i 2 16

    ) 2(

    )PU( 1 2 1 2 0.0466 + 0.0149i 3 4 2 3 0.0433 + 0.0074i 5 6 3 4 0.1483 + 0.0212i 7 8 4 5 0.1159 + 0.0177i 9 10 5 6 0.1718 + 0.0191i

    11 12 6 7 0.1262 + 0.0255i 13 14 3 8 0.1262 + 0.0255i 15 16 8 9 0.1165 + 0.0372i 17 18 9 10 0.1165 + 0.0372i 19 20 5 10 0.2198 + 0.0246i 21 22 10 11 0.1732 + 0.0198i 23 24 11 12 0.1083 + 0.0186i 25 26 12 13 0.0866 + 0.0149i 27 28 7 14 0.1299 + 0.0223i 29 30 14 15 0.1299 + 0.0223i 31 32 15 16 0.1299 + 0.0223i 33 34 16 13 0.1359 + 0.0277i 35 36 11 15 0.1718 + 0.0391i

    : ) 3(

    10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 C C C C C C O O C C

    11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 C C C C C C O O C C C C C

    24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 C C C C C C C C C O O O O

    :C : . O : .

    5) (4( .(

    ) 4(

    )pu(

    1 2 0.0128 2 3 0.011 3 4 0.0052 4 5 0 5 6 0.0165 6 7 0.0203 3 8 0.0058 8 9 0.0038 9 10 0 5 10 0.0127 10 11 0.009 11 12 0.0072 12 13 0.002 7 14 0.0059

    14 15 0.0034 15 16 0.0022 16 13 0 11 15 0

  • 106

    ) 5(

    1.0000 1 0.9994 2 0.9989 3 0.9982 4 0.9949 5 0.9975 6 1.0000 7 0.9982 8 0.9977 9 0.9924 10 0.9910 11 0.9903 12 0.9901 13 0.9993 14 0.9989 15 0.9987 16

    ) 10() 5( 5( . (

    )20() 19(

    ) 4(

  • - 2012 - -

    107

    [11,12,13] .

    .

    .[33,34] [35,36][17,18]:

    [33,34] [35,36] [17,18]

    ) 2(

    .

    ) 5(

    : )5(

    ) 6 ( 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 C C C C C C O O C C

    11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 C C C C C C C C O O C C C

    24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 C C C C C C C C C O O O O

    .

    ).8() 7(

  • 108

    ) 7(

    )pu(

    1 2 0.0255 2 3 0.0237 3 4 0.0052 4 5 0 5 6 0.0038 6 7 0.0076 3 8 0.0185 8 9 0.0165 9 10 0.0127 5 10 0

    10 11 0.009 11 12 0.0072 12 13 0.002 7 14 0.0059

    14 15 0.0034 15 16 0.0022 16 13 0 11 15 0

    ) 8(

    1.0000 1 0.9988 2 0.9978 3 0.9971 4 0.9984 5 0.9991 6 1.0000 7 0.9956 8 0.9936 9 0.9921 10 0.9907 11 0.9900 12 0.9898 13 0.9993 14 0.9989 15 0.9987 16

    )30 sec .(

    .

    conclusion -7

    .

    .

  • - 2012 - -

    109

    :[1] Roy Billinton , Ronald N. Allan " Reliability

    Evaluationof Power Systems " Second Edition . Plenum Press . New York and London .

    [2] Yuan-Yih Hsu, S.K. Peng, H.S.Yu k"Distribution system service restoration using a heuristic search approach " 0-7803- 1991 IEEE

    [3] A. Augugliaro , L. Dusonchet, E. Riva Sanseverino " Multiobjective service restoration in distribution networks using an evolutionary approach and fuzzy sets" Electrical Power and Energy Systems 22 (2000) .

    [4] S. Srivastava and K.L. Butler-Burry " Expert-systemmethod for automatic reconfiguration for restoration of shipboard power systems" IEEE Vol. 153, No. 3, May 2006 .

    [5] Manuel A. Matos , " A new power flow method for radial networks " 2003 IEEE bologna power Tech conference , June 23rd-26th bologna ,Italy.

    [6] Randy L. Haupt ,Sue Ellen Haupt " Practical genetic algorithms " second edition . A John Wiley & sons ,INC , Publication ..

    12/12/2011

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