antibiotik yang aman dalam kehamilan dan laktasi.pptx
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NTIBIOTIK Y NG M ND L M KEH MIL N D NL KT SI
Dovy Djanas
Subbagian Fetomaternal Obstetri dan Ginekologi FK
Unand/RS Dr.M. Djamil Padang
2013
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Drugs
Fetus
Damage orabnormal
developmentleading to birth
defects or death
alter the functionof the placenta
Constrictingblood vessels
and reducing theblood supply ofoxygen and
nutrients to thefetus from mother
underweight andunderdevelopedbaby
muscles of theuterus to contractforcefully indirect
reducing the bloodsupply or triggeringpre-term labor and
delivery
Injuring thefetus
direct
indirect
unnecessary
anxiety
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How drugs act on fetus
The effectsdepend on
manyfactors
How muchmedicationwas taken
when duringthe pregnancythe medication
was taken
other healthconditions awoman might
have
Othermedications awoman takes
While some medications are known to be harmful when aken duringpregnancy, the safety of most medications taken by pregnant women
has been difficult to determine.
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fetuss bloodvessels
contained in tinyhair like
projections (villi)of the placentathat extend intothe wall of the
uterus
The mothersblood passesthrough the
spacesurrounding thevilli (intervillous
space)
Only a thin membrane
(placental membrane)separates the mothersblood in the intervillousspace from the fetuss
blood in the villi
Drugs in themothers blood
can cross thismembrane intoblood vessels inthe villi and pass
through theumbilical cord to
the fetus
Most drugs thatgo into the bodywill also go into
the milk
Some drugs do notharm the baby, butmay affect the milk
volume bysuppressing the milk-
makin hormones
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Drug transfer to Fetusthrough Umbilical cord
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List of Safe Drugs during Pregnancy and
Lactation
Sl. No. Name of the Drug Category
1. Cephalosporins Antibiotics for lung, ear, skin,
urinary tract, throat, and bone
infections
2. Erythromycin Used for skin and respiratory
infections
3. Penicillins Used to treat bacterial
infections
4. Vancomycin An antibiotic
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List of Potentially Hazardous Drugs in Usual Doses
Sl. No. Name of the Drug Category
1. Metronidazole An antibiotic used to treat some
intestinal and genital infections
2. Nitrofurantoin Used to treat urinary tract infections
(safe if the baby is at least 1 month
old)
List of Drugs not Safe to take in Usual Doses in Pregnancy and
Lactation
Sl. No. Name of the Drug Category
1. Chlorampenicol Used to treat serious infections
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T KE HOME MESS GEThe safety of drug use in pregnancy is
often an enigma
Drugs in the mothers blood can cross thismembrane into blood vessels in the villi and
pass through the umbilical cord to the fetus.
Most drugs that go into the body will also gointo the milk, so before any medication is taken,consideration of its effect on baby and whetheror not it has any effects on lactation must be
made.
Pregnant and lactating women are aparticularly vulnerable population and healthcare professionals should be familiar with the
antibiotics that can be used under such
adverse circumstances to feel confident intreating such pathogenic exposures.
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TERIMAKASIH
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