b-factory constraints on possible new physics at the lhc

vB-factory constraints on possibleNew Physicsat the LHC

S.L. OlsenU of Hawai’i高能所 北京

Academia Sinica (Taipei) June 12, 2007

Outline

• Implications of recent D0-D0 mixing results

• CPV measurements with Penguins

• Charged Higgs limits

• Light dark matter searches

SUSY & D0-D0 mixing

SUSY “Flavor Problem”K0-K0 mixing

SM: NP (MSSM):

QCD-verticesEW-vertices

6x6 matrix2nd order EW:Δm 3 x 10-12 MeV Potentially huge:

effects not seen

How to make Δm small?PLB 309, 337 (1993)

Quark-Squark “Alignment”

Invoke a horizontal symmetry that results insmall values for the down-type squark mixing

This fixes up-type squark mixing elements cosC (~0.2)

Expect large effects in D0-D0 mixinge.g. Δm ~ 6x10-11 MeV

Nir & Raz PRD 66, 035007 (2002)

Neutral D meson phenomenology

SM: CPV is very small: q ≈ p ≈1/2

Recent D0-D0 mixing results (I)

D*+ + D0 D0 K+-

pion charge tagsthe D0 flavor

DCS decays

“Wrong sign” (WS) decays

Use t-dependence to separate WS from DCS

decays

mixing evidence from WS decays

BaBar excludesno-mixing at 3.9s

strong phase

D0 = (1/2) (D1 + D2)

K

D2-D1 lifetime diff:

K

KK KK,

Lifetime measured w D0Kdecays = <1 + 2>/2

“ “ w D0KK & decays = 1

x

Recent D0-D0 mixing results (II)

Belle measurement of ycp

hep-ex/0703036accepted by PRL

For CPV = 0: yCP = y

Recent D0-D0 mixing results III

D*+ + D0 D0

pion charge tagsD0 flavor @ t=0

Dalitz analysis of D0KS decays

KS

t-dependent interference

D0 decay D0 decay

Dalitz analysis of D0KS

D0K*-

D0K*++

K*+

/K*-

Results

95% CL contour

x = (0.80 0.29 0.17) % y = (0.33 0.24 0.15)%

= (410.3 0.3) fs

HFAG YCP (0,0) excluded at 2.7level

Commentsalà Y. Nir hep-ph/0703235v2

• D0-D0 mixing probably observed in ΔΓ– y = (Γ1-Γ2)/2Γ = (1.4 ± 0.4) x 10-2

• Mass difference still not seen– x < 0.015 @ 95% CL– Δm < 1.2 x 10-11 MeV (CP conserved)– Δm < 2.2 x 10-11 MeV (CP violated)– ~factor of 3 below m≈1TeV q/g expectation~ ~~

~~

How to make m small?

Making ΔM small in the MSSM

• fine-tune the squark mixing terms– SUSY is supposed to save us from fine-tuning

• make the squark masses degenerate GIM– unlike ordinary quarks: mt/mu ~ 105

• raise the SUSY mass scale ( ~few TeV)– not much fun for LHC experimenters

CPV

CPV in the SMcomplex terms in the CKM quark-flavor mixing matrix

Wolfenstein

bu (3)

td (1)

B0

B0B0

Vcb

VtbV*

V*Vtb

J/

J/

KS

KS

sin21 from BfCP + BBfCP interf.

V*2

sin21

td

td

td

Sanda, Bigi & Carter:

no CP phase

What do we measure?

t z/cβγ

Flavor-tag decay(B0 or B0 ?)

J/

KS

B - B

B + B

e

e

more B tags

more B tags

zt=0

fCP

(tags)

sin21

This is for CP=-1; for CP=+1, the asymmetry is opposite

Asymmetric energies

Results (2006)Belle BaBar

LP2001 Rome

sin21() history

CKM with (mostly) trees

SM+CKM is “correct” at tree level

CKM Global Fit (Sep.2006)

Next Step

Check the Unitary Triangle with Penguins

bs FCNC decay

SM FCNC: NP:

)(or )( of effectsExpect 2

2

NP

top

NP

top

M

MO

M

MO

i.e. > 0.1 for MNP accessible @ LHC

~

~ s~

x

b

g

t

c~

x

t

-~

~

2nd-order Weak process

QCD-verticesEW-vertices

at least

V

2nd-order QCD processhuge effects are possible

(but not seen)

This mixing matrix is 6x6(lots of CP phases)

sin21 with bs penguins (SM)Example:

no CP phase

SM: sin21 = sin21 from BJ/ KS (bc c s)eff

Vtd

Vtd

+

1

B B

, ’,

1

, ’,

_

*

*

)(NP

top

M

MO

B0 'K0

(bkg subtracted)

B0 mass B0 momentum

535MBB

hep-ex/0608039hep-ex/0608039

’ Ks() 794 36

(2) Ks() 363 21

(3) Ks() 100 11

Ks()103 15

() Ks() 62 9

Total 1421 46

’() KL 392 37

() KL 62 13

Total 454 39

K0KS K0KL

TCPV in B0'K0

“sin21” = 0.64 0.10(stat) 0.04(syst) A = 0.01 0.07(stat) 0.05(syst)

“sin21” = 0.64 0.10(stat) 0.04(syst) A = 0.01 0.07(stat) 0.05(syst)

Consistent with the SM Consistent with Belle 2005

(Belle 2005: “sin21” = +0.62

First observation of TCPV (5.6in a single b s mode

Consistent with the SM Consistent with Belle 2005

(Belle 2005: “sin21” = +0.62

First observation of TCPV (5.6in a single b s mode

t distribution and asymmetry

'KS and 'KL combined background subtracted good tags t –t for 'KL

535MBB

hep-ex/0608039hep-ex/0608039

B0 K0

B0 massB0 momentum

(bkg subtracted)

KK, KS

KK, KS

KSKL, KS

114 17 KL signal

114 17 KL signal

2461840922730721 KS signal

2461840922730721 KS signal

hep-ex/0608039hep-ex/0608039

535MBB

KK

K0KS

K0KL

TCPV in B0 K0

“sin21” = 0.50 0.21(stat) 0.06(syst) A = 0.07 0.15(stat) 0.05(syst)

“sin21” = 0.50 0.21(stat) 0.06(syst) A = 0.07 0.15(stat) 0.05(syst)

KS and KL combined background subtracted good tags t –t for KL

t distribution and asymmetry

Consistent with the SM (~1lower) Consistent with Belle 2005

(Belle2005: “sin21” = +0.44

Consistent with the SM (~1lower) Consistent with Belle 2005

(Belle2005: “sin21” = +0.44

unbinned fitSM

535MBB

hep-ex/0608039hep-ex/0608039

2006: 1 with b s PenguinsSmaller than bccs in all of 9 modes

Smaller than bccs in all of 9 modes

Theory tends to predict positive shifts(originating from phase in Vts)

Naïve average of all b s modes

sin2eff = 0.52 ± 0.052.6 deviation betweenpenguin and tree (b s) (b c)

Naïve average of all b s modes

sin2eff = 0.52 ± 0.052.6 deviation betweenpenguin and tree (b s) (b c)

History of sin21

sin21 from bccs decays (2007)

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2.6

3.1

3.9

2.8

2.6

0.15

eff

sin

2 1

(b

qq

s d

ecays)

(Belle&

BaB

ar

avera

ge)

~ s~

x

How to make Δsin21 small?

•Tune the squark mixing terms•is there enough freedom to do this?

•Make the squark masses degenerate•invoke a GIM-like mechanism

•Make the SUSY mass scale very high (~few TeV)•not much fun for LHC experimenters

b

g~

eff

Charged Higgs limits from

B

B

Decays w/ “Missing E(>1)”Decays w/ “Missing E(>1)”

B decay constant Lattice QCD

SM :

BSM : sensitive to New Physics from H

B (nearly invisible decays)

N= 680keff.= 0.29% purity = 57%

N= 680keff.= 0.29% purity = 57%

Charged B

(*)0 (*)1/ / / SB D a D

0 0 0/D D sD

Tag-side: Full reconstruction

449M BB

Υ(4S)e (8GeV)

e+(3.5GeV)

B

B

signal signal

4-momentum determined B meson beam !

4-momentum determined B meson beam !

Missingmomentum

Missingmomentum

B candidate event

B results

Hadronic tags

e

First evidence, 3.5

BellePRL97, 251802 (2006).

BaBar results on BD l tags hadron

tags

BaBar combined result:

hep-ex/0608019 Gritsan@FPCP07

Belle measures:

Branching fraction

Product of B meson decay constant ƒB and CKM element |Vub |

Compare with

Babar preliminary

Constraints on H mass

rH=1.130.51

Use known fB and |Vub |

Ratio to the SM BF.2

22

(1 tan )BH

H

mr

m

excluded

excl

uded

Radiative Penguins

b s b sl +l -

New Physics? b s b sl +l -

H-

t

-

~

~

t

-

~

~

Wilson Coefficients

Nakao

NNLO calculation

(29826) x 10-6

M. Misiak et al, hep-ph/0609232, PRL 98,022002(2007)

Theory News

NN

LO

th

eory

Error on BF

Central value of BF

95% CL lower limit on H+ mass from exp and NNLO

M. Misiak et al, hep-ph/0609232, PRL 98,022002 (2007)

BaBar/Belle/CLEO avgM(H+)>295 GeV

300 GeV

Charged Higgs limits from BXs

Combined limits

Determine |C7| from BXs

R7=C7/C7SM

R８

=C

８/C

８S

M

90%CL

SM

NP

SUSY MFV

A.Ali et al. Phys.Rev. D66 (2002) 034002

Get sign of C7 from BK*l+l-

• 357/fb data 386x106 BB pairs

• Electron or muon pair– Charmonium veto

• K*(K+-, Ks+, K+0)|MK – MK* | < 75MeV

• B meson reconstruction• Background suppression

• Signal yield– K*ll 114 13, purity 44%

• Null test sample – K+ll 96 12, purity 57%– K+ll has no asymmetry.

Forward-Backward Asymm: AFB

B

K*

l

l

B

K*

l

l

Forward event Backward event

Fit results for A7/A9 & A7/A10

• Null test with K+ll

• Integrated AFB in K*ll

SM

J/ ’

• Fit to K*ll

SM wins again

Best fit

SM

ＳＭA9/A7

A10/A7

fit resultA7A10 sign flipped (to SM)

A9A10 sign flippedBoth A7A10 and A9A10 signs flipped

Search for “light” dark matter

Dark matter coupled to qq?

for m<mb

Belle’s search strategy

Signature: only in detector & Mrecoil()=m(1s)

Summary

Any “new physics” that is seen at the

LHC is very carefully hidden from the

Flavor Sector

Backup Slides

Parameters are already constrained by KK & DD mixing

Same diagrams contribute

SM:

X X

W+ W-

c d, s u

NP:

X X

g(+) g(-)

c c (s) u (d) u

x

~ ~

~ ~

K & D mixing are consistent with 2nd order SM EW

~ ~

~~

Validate the EECL simulation using double-taggedevents (with on the signal side) Signal reconstruction (purity ~

90%)Extra Calorimeter Energy

MC: B+B–: 494 ± 18 B0B0: 8 ± 2 Combined: 502 ±18

Data: 458

_

SM NP?

)(or )( of effectsExpect 2

2

NP

top

NP

top

M

MO

M

MO

i.e. > 0.1 for MNP accessible @ LHC~

~ s~

x

b

g~

t