bell ringer plankton that spend their whole lives in the plankton community are called ________....
Post on 18-Dec-2015
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Bell Ringer
Plankton that spend their whole lives in the plankton community are called ________. Temporary visitors are called ________.
Zooplankton
• What are they?• Mass is approximately 10% that of
phytoplankton• Almost every animal group is represented
Zooplankton
• Copepods– 70% of all zooplankton– Shrimplike– Crustaceans; same family as crabs, lobsters, &
shrimp
Zooplankton
• Holoplankton – spend whole lives as plankton– Copepods, krill– Far more common
• Meroplankton – partial life spent as plankton– Juvenile stage – crabs, barnacles, clams, sea stars,
tuna
Krill
• Most important!– Keystone of Antarctic ecosystem
• Thumb-size, graze on diatoms• Eaten by seabirds, squids, fish, & whales• 500-700 million metric tons inhabit Antarctic
Krill
• Travel in large schools – several square miles– Exceed biomass of human population!
• Behave more like a school of fish• Swim horizontally, not vertically
Oxygen minimum zone
• Oxygen is depleted by animals & not replaced by phytoplankton
• Just below well-lit area• Nightly migrations from here toward darkened
surface layer to feed on smaller organisms
Larger Marine Producers
• Seaweeds -> 2%-5% primary productivity• Most are algae– Algae – possess chlorophyll, photosynthesize,
lacking vessels
Larger Marine Producers
• Unicellular algae – single-celled diatoms & dinoflagellates
• Multicellular algae – seaweeds• Angiosperms – flowering plants – sea grasses
& mangrove trees – NOT seaweeds
Algae
• Nonvascular – no vessels– Still require carbon, oxygen, sun, and water– All in one spot so no need for vessels
Algae
• Multicellular – can form forests or solitary isolation
• Largest can grow up to 62 m• Flexible, easily absorb shock, resistant to
abrasion, streamlined to reduce water drag, & very strong
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