climate change – outlook and perspectives of the brazilian
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Climate Change – Outlook and perspectives of the Brazilian Cement IndustryBrazilian Cement Industry
Holcim (Brasil) S.A.( )
Valéria PereiraValéria Pereira
Jairo Hernandez
FICEMFICEM
Jamaica - Sept. 2010
Agendag
Brazil CommitmentBrazil Commitment
Brazilian Cement Industry Scenario
Sources of CO2 emissions
How to reduce CO2 emissions?
Final comments
2
Holcim (Brasil)
Agendag
Brazil CommitmentBrazil Commitment
Brazilian Cement Industry Scenario
Sources of CO2 emissions
How to reduce CO2 emissions?
Final comments
3
Holcim (Brasil)
Brazil Commitment Non Annex 1 Country
for 2020: reduction of 36 to 39% of total emissions projected (BAU –for 2020: reduction of 36 to 39% of total emissions projected (BAU Business as Usual);
implementation schedule:
Law 12.187 approved on December 29th, 2009 issued the National P li f Cli t Ch NPCC
4
Holcim (Brasil)
Policy of Climate Change – NPCC
Brazil’s Sector Plans – Focus Area 2010
Action Plan for Preventing and Controlling the “Amazônia Legal” d f t tideforestationAction Plan for Preventing and Controlling the “Cerrado” deforestationEnergy (efficiency, renewable energies)gy ( y g )Agropecuary (improve land use)Substitution of the charcoal from the deforestation to the charcoal from planted forest in the steel industryp y
Years onwardsTransportationTransformation Industry and Durable Consumer Goods IndustryChemical IndustryCellulose and Paper IndustryCellulose and Paper IndustryMining Civil Construction IndustryH lth S i
5
Holcim (Brasil)
Health Services
Agendag
Brazil CommitmentBrazil Commitment
Brazilian Cement Industry Scenario
Sources of CO2 emissions
How to reduce CO2 emissions?
Final comments
7
Holcim (Brasil)
Brazilian Cement Industry Scenario12 groups70 plants
y
47 clinker plants23 grinding plants
Capacity: 67 M tons*Capacity: 67 M tons
8
Holcim (Brasil)
* estimated – Source SNIC 2010
Brazilian Cement Industry ScenarioyLow contribution of Brazil in CO2 emissions, compared to the other
developed and developing countries
17,920
17,920Emission per capita
17,9
14
16
1817,9
14
16
18
8,98 1
10
12
14
8,98 1
10
12
14ton CO2/inhab
8,1
6
88,1
6
8
1,52,2
0,92
4
1,52,2
0,92
4
9
Holcim (Brasil)
Brasil China Índia Japão EUA CEBrasil China Índia Japão EUA CESource: MMA 2008
Brazilian Cement Industry ScenarioLow contribution of Brazil in CO2 emissions, compared to the other
developed and developing countries
y
35003500Emission per area
2.967
2500
3000 2.967
2500
3000
1500
2000
1500
2000ton CO2/km2
509
9251000
509
9251000
121278 242
509
0
500
Brasil China Índia Japão EUA CE
121278 242
509
0
500
Brasil China Índia Japão EUA CE
10
Holcim (Brasil)
pp
Source: MMA 2008
Brazilian Cement Industry Scenarioycement production increased 50% in the period of 1990/2005, while
CO2 emissions of the sector increased 30% in the same period
SectorEmission Increase
1990/2005Energy 68%Sector
Emission Increase1990/2005
Energy 68%
CO2 Emission by Sector - 2005
16,5%2,2%
Industrial Process 39%
Cement Emissions*Cement Emissions* 30%30%Agropecuary 41%
Industrial Process 39%
Cement Emissions*Cement Emissions* 30%30%Agropecuary 41%
,
1,7%Energy
Industrial Processes
Agropecuary g p y
Land use and forest fires 70%
Wastes Treatment 77%
Total 62%
g p y
Land use and forest fires 70%
Wastes Treatment 77%
Total 62%21,9%
Agropecuary
Forest Fires
Waste Treatment Total 62%Total 62%* Preliminary Data (calcination only)
Source: Brazilian Government
57,7%
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Holcim (Brasil)
Brazilian Cement Industry ScenarioBrazil has the lowest CO2 saving potential (absolute and specific),
compared to other major cement producers, based on BAT
y
CO2 Saving Potencial based on BAT (Best Available Technique )
Source: IEA – International Energy Agency/2009
12
Holcim (Brasil)
Brazilian CO2 Inventory 2 yFirst Inventory issued in 2004
data from 1990 to 1994data from 1990 to 1994
cement sector contribution:
clinker and cement produced in the periodclinker and cement produced in the period
Second Inventory on going
d t f 1990 t 2005data from 1990 to 2005
cement sector contribution:
types of clinker and cement produced;
CaO content in clinker;
process description.
13
Holcim (Brasil)
Agendag
Brazil CommitmentBrazil Commitment
Brazilian Cement Industry Scenario
Sources of CO2 emissions
How to reduce CO2 emissions?
Final comments
14
Holcim (Brasil)
Sources of CO2 Emissions: Direct and Indirect 2
Non-kiln fuels : On-site transportation; own electric power production
Calcination:CaCO3
CaO + CO2
Kiln fuelsNon-kiln fuels: raw materials dryingQuarry
Clinker purchase
Electric power purchase
Boundary of CO2 reporting
15
Holcim (Brasil)
y 2 p g
World cement industry Direct CO2 emissions2
45 %Fuel CO2
55 %
45 %
55 %
Process CO2limestone calcinationCaCO3 -> CaO + CO2
16
Holcim (Brasil)
(1) different sources, value depending on source(2) International Energy Agency
Agendag
Brazil CommitmentBrazil Commitment
Brazilian Cement Industry Scenario
Sources of CO2 emissions
How to reduce CO2 emissions?
Final comments
17
Holcim (Brasil)
How to reduce CO2 emissions?2
1. Reducing clinker content in cement d f 1% i li k f t ill d CO b 8k CO /ta decrease of 1% in clinker factor will reduce CO2 by 8kg CO2/ton
2. Improving energy efficiency2. Improving energy efficiencyan improvement of 100MJ/ton in energy efficiency will reduce CO2by 5 kgCO2/ton
3. Substituting fossil fuel by biomass & fossil waste
an increase of 1% of AFR will reduce CO2 by 2,5 kgCO2/ton
18
Holcim (Brasil)
Reducing clinker content of cement reduces ….g
Non-kiln fuels : On-site transportation; own electric power production
Calcination:CaCO3
CaO + CO2
Kiln fuels
• Both calcination
Non-kiln fuels: raw materials dryingQuarry CaO + CO2 • Both calcination
and fuel CO2
• Generally at
dryingQuarry
positive cost
19
Holcim (Brasil)
Reducing clinker content in cementDue to the low clinker factor, Latin America has the lowest CO2
emission/ton cement
g
Holcim (Brasil) CO2 emission is approx. 472 kg/ton cem (2010)12001200
800
1000
cem
1990800
1000
cem
1990
600
g C
O2
/ ton
c
2000
2005
600
g C
O2
/ ton
c
2000
2005
200
400kg
200
400kg
0
Africa Asia CIS Europe Japan
Australia
Latin
America
North
AmericaFONTE WBCSD / PWC
0
Africa Asia CIS Europe Japan
Australia
Latin
America
North
AmericaFONTE WBCSD / PWC
20
Holcim (Brasil)Source: IEA – International Energy Agency/2009
FONTE: WBCSD / PWCFONTE: WBCSD / PWC
Improving energy efficiency by process improvementp g gy y y p p
Kiln fuelsNon-kiln fuels:
Non-kiln fuels : On-site transportation; own electric power production
Calcination: Kiln fuelsNon-kiln fuels: raw materials dryingQuarry • Reduces fuel CO2
• At negative cost
Calcination:CaCO3
CaO + CO2
At negative cost
Not only process improvement!
Smooth operations can reduce both costs and CO2 emissions
21
Holcim (Brasil)
Substituting fossil fuel by biomass & fossil wasteg y
Non-kiln fuels : On-site transportation; own electric power production
Kiln fuelsNon-kiln fuels: raw materials dryingQuarry • Biomass directly
Calcination:CaCO3
CaO + COdryingQuarry Biomass directly reduces fuel CO2
• Fossil waste indirectly d f l CO
CaO + CO2
reduces fuel CO2
• At negative cost
22
Holcim (Brasil)
Substituting fossil fuel by biomass & fossil wasteg y
CO2
SO2
CO2
SO2
CO2
SO2SO2
NOx
SO2
NOx
SO2
NOx
Waste Coal, Oil, Coke Coal, Oil, CokeWaste
Waste incineration + cement kiln Waste co-processing in cement kiln
23
Holcim (Brasil)
Regional DifferencesgIn a large country such as Brazil, regional differences of available
resources availability and land occupation strongly affects cement d i d CO i iproduction and CO2 emissions
24
Holcim (Brasil)
Agendag
Brazil CommitmentBrazil Commitment
Brazilian Cement Industry Scenario
Sources of CO2 emissions
How to reduce CO2 emissions?
Final comments
25
Holcim (Brasil)
Final commentsNo single policy instrument can fit all-sector. Different instruments
are needed to provide effective incentives to reduce CO2 emissions d i i h i bl i dand energy consumption in the main sectors, notably: industry,
transports, building and land use. The instruments should incentivize the most CO2 and energy efficient companies and products to grow.
developing countries strive to improve the quality of life of their citizens by providing better living conditions through improved civil i f t t h t t t d tinfrastructure such as transport, water and sewerage system. Concrete is the foundation of this infrastructure.
Holcim (Brasil) is committed to reduce the CO2 net emissions perHolcim (Brasil) is committed to reduce the CO2 net emissions per ton of cement produced by:
usage of mineral componentsg p
improve energy efficiency
usage of alternative fuels and raw materials (AFR)26
Holcim (Brasil)
usage of alternative fuels and raw materials (AFR)
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