comparing corporate performance | craig mackenzie
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Comparing corporate performance on climate change – what metrics?
Dr. Craig MackenzieDirector, Carbon Benchmarking ProjectUniversity of Edinburgh Business School
Why benchmark corporate climate change performance?
“The energy efficiency of individuals and firms often varies widely within the same market…methodologies for identifying best practice, for example through benchmarking… have the potential to support wider policies on mitigation.”
Stern Report. p.388
The scope for low cost reductions
Source: Vattenfal
Overcoming the barriers
• Lack of strategic significance
• Organisational inertia
Supermarkets benchmark
Breakdown of the Tesco footprint
Add note on fridge energy?
Refrigeration
Tesco CSR Report 2007
Direct CO2e emissions
Total UK Carbon Emissions
0
500,000
1,000,000
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
Somerfield Cooperative Waitrose Marks &Spencer
Sainsburys Morrisons Asda Tesco
Tonn
es C
O2e
No Data
Relative carbon intensity?
Carbon intensity (tonnes CO2e/£turnover)
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
Somerfield Sainsburys Marks &Spencer
Tesco Cooperative Waitrose Asda Morrisons
CO
2e/£
turn
over
NB: this slide does not give an accurate comparison of performance
No Data
Data issues
Carbon intensity (CO2e/£tunover)
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
Somerfield Sainsburys Marks &Spencer
Tesco Cooperative Waitrose Asda Morrisons
CO
2e/£
turn
over
NB: this slide does not give an accurate comparison of performance
Data estimated
Data incomplete
No Data
Few use GHG protocol
Additionality questions
Carbon intensity (CO2e/£tunover)
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
Somerfield Sainsburys Marks &Spencer
Tesco Cooperative Waitrose Asda Morrisons
CO
2e/£
turn
over
NB: this slide does not give an accurate comparison of performance
Use of biodiesel
Green tariffelectricity
Green tariffelectricity
No Data
Business comparability issues
Carbon intensity (CO2e/£tunover)
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
Somerfield Sainsburys Marks &Spencer
Tesco Cooperative Waitrose Asda Morrisons
CO
2e/£
turn
over
NB: this slide does not give an accurate comparison of performance
Food processing
business
Foodnon-food
split
Foodnon-food
splitNo Data
Meaningful comparison?
Carbon intensity (CO2e/£tunover)
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
Somerfield Sainsburys Marks &Spencer
Tesco Cooperative Waitrose Asda Morrisons
CO
2e/£
turn
over
NB: this slide does not give an accurate comparison of performance
Food processing
business
Foodnon-food
split
Food-non-food
split
Foodnon-food
split
Use of biodiesel
Green tariffelectricity
Green tariffelectricity
Data estimated
Data incomplete
No Data
Add note on fridge energy?
Refrigeration
Tesco CSR Report 2007
An alternative strategy
% f-gas leakage pa
KWh/linear meterof refrigeration
Diesel litres/pallet delivered
Average store energy rating
% electricity from renewables weighted for additionality
Advantages of granular metrics
Allows meaningful performance comparison Identifies specific strengths and weaknessesEnables identification of causes for differing
performancePotential to accelerate uptake of best practice
Wider implications
Benchmarking needs:
• Better data quality• Sharper standards• Segmental carbon reporting• Identification and reporting on normalisation factors• Avoiding carbon reductionism• Activity-specific metrics• Activity/sector-specific reporting standards
• Collaborative sector/activity projects to define the above
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