crustaceana 79 (10): 1223-1240

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Community Structure of Planktonic Copepods in Community Structure of Planktonic Copepods in I-Lan Bay and the Adjacent Kuroshio Waters off I-Lan Bay and the Adjacent Kuroshio Waters off

Northeastern TaiwanNortheastern Taiwan宜蘭灣及台灣東北部外海黑潮流域之

浮游橈足類的群聚結構

Crustaceana 79 (10): 1223-1240

CHUN-YEIN LEE 1,4) , CHANG-TAI SHIH 2) and

CHIEN-CHUNG HSU 3)

Meng-Yao Lee

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IntroductionIntroduction

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Tropical Level and Marine Food Chains

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ObjectivesObjectives►This research are to illustrate the relationship

between copepod distribution and hydrographic factors and to monitor the faunas of marine planktonic copepods.

►Important organisms and their seasonal community dynamics, such as species composition, abundance, distributional pattern, parameters of biodiversity, community structure

, and other issues of biological oceanography.

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Material Material and and

MethodMethod

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4/20~21

1/7~8

7/22~23

10/21~22

1. Data collect

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Choice stations (R/V Hai-Chien)

Samples

Diveded 、 enumeration and Identification

Ring trawl net (335µm,1m,0.5m/s)

CTD(SBE19)

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CTD(SBE19)

Choice stationsR/V Hai-Chien

Samples

種類計數、鑑別

Ring trawl net (335µm,1m,0.5m/s)

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CTD(SBE19)

Choice stations R/V Hai-Chien

Samples

Ring trawl net (335µm,1m,0.5m/s)

Diveded 、 enumeration and Identification

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5%formaldehyde

CTD(SBE19)

Choice stations R/V Hai-Chien

Samples

Ring trawl net (335µm,1m,0.5m/s)

Diveded 、 enumeration and Identification

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CTD(SBE19)

Choice stations R/V Hai-Chien

Samples

Ring trawl net (335µm,1m,0.5m/s)

Diveded 、 Enumeration and Identification

2. Data identification

Species ：： Shih, C. T., MS 、 Chen ＆ Zhang (1965) Chihara and Murano(1997) …

rudimentary(genus feature)

Maturity ofidentification(appendages)

(P5)(genital somites)

species

genera

copepodid

develop

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3. Data analysis

Diversity indexRichnessEvenness

Species compositions were compared among

station and copepod species diversity

Jaccard coefficient Similarity between twocommunities

UPGMA Cluster

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Yi : the dominance of species iNi : the number of individuals of species i at all stationsN : the number of individuals of all species at all stationsfi : the frequency of station that species i occurs

R : the seasonal replacement rate of dominant speciesa ＆ b : the numbers of dominant species occurring in two adjoining seasons respectivelyc : the number of dominant species common to both

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ResultResult

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Winter

January

Spring

April

Summer

July

Autumn

October

Hydrographic characteristics

T-S diagrams in 2004

Species composition

Poecilostomatoida, 35 species

52 species were common in all seasons

4 orders, 25 families, 53 genera, 137 species

Calanoida, 94 species

Cyclopoida, 7 species

Harpacticoida, 1 species

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Oncaea venustaCosmocalanus darwini

Clausocalanus minor

Oithona plumifera

100%

Ctenocalanus, Neoscolecithrix,Scaphocalanus, Scolecithricella, and Tharybis.

Genera

33 species single

ABKSCD

5 species6 species 8 species

8 species6 species

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Abundance and the dominant species

1334 ind./m3

Spring999±372 ind/m3

Shelf waters > > Kuroshio waters

26 dominant species26 dominant species

all seasons

single seasons 64.7% 47.7%49.2-75.7% 43-57.7%

Biodiversity parameters

(H’)

(J’)

(S)

(H’) 3.03-5.16

(J’) 0.57-0.91

(S) 77-101

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Distributional association

Biological oceanography

A BKS C D

239 ind./m3

255 ind./m3

Shelf region

Summer

KS 、 CAll season

Calanus sinicus

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DiscussionDiscussion

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Aetideus truncatus

7 species

Candacia ethiopica Pontellina plumata

Gaetanus minor Haloptilus longcornis

Pareucalanus attenuatusScolecithricella dentata

Candacia longimana

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this stduy Yang et al. (1999b) Xu et al. (2004)

regoin NE Taiwan N Taiwan ECS

species 137 223 226

common species(%)

37.9 31.8 32.7

dominant species 26 13 17

R(%) 47.7~ 64.7 36.4~75 66.7~ 88.9

Clausocalanus spp.(Frost & Fleminger, 1968; Chihara & Murano, 1997)

Temora turbinata

Calanus sinicusCosmocalanus darwini

Nannocalanus minor

Undinula vulgaris

Acrocalanus gibber

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999±372 ind./m3(A)

155±129 ind./m3(D) Coast shelf

nutrients(Lalli & Parsons, 2000)

Kang & Hong (1995)

Chern&Wang(1994) and Lee&Hu(1998)(H) 4.84~ 5.17 (S) 46~ 57

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Temora turbinata

Yang et al. (1999b) 35% Seaward

Calanus sinicus

B 39.5%D 40.4%

Calanus sinicus

Yellow SeaEast China Sea

85% of total zooplanktonin Spring

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Northern : Spring-Summer Lower water temperatureSouthern : Winter Autumn

Calanus sinicusXu et al. (2004)

Countercurrent Kuroshio slope shelf edge Northern Taiwan 23℃、 KC deeper

Shih & Chiu (1998)

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ConclusionConclusion

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In I-Lan Bay and the Adjacent Kuroshio Waters are not significantdifference of copepods community structure compared with past study, and seasonal fluctuations of copepods distributed in this study.

Copepods abundence 、 Speciees number and diversity index showed a decreaseing trend seward. (coast to shelf)

Copepod species distribution patterns with Kuroshio current and two major type :Spring-Winter and Summer-Autumn.

Calanus sinicus is an indicator species Kuroshio Current and East China Sea waters.

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Thank youThank you