diesel siclus.docx
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TERMODINAMIKA
Siklus Diesel
Muhamad Yulianto, Amd., ST.,MT
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DIESEL CYCLE
2
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Proses Siklus Diesel
1-2 - KOMPRESI ADIABATIK (ISENTROPIC)
2-3 - PEMASUKAN PANAS PADA TEKANAN KONSTAN
3-4 - KOMPRESI ADIABATIK (ISENTROPIC)3
4-1 - PENGELUARAN PANAS PADA VOLUME KONSTAN
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Efisiensi Siklus Baaimana mene!a"kan hukum "e!tama,
dalam sistem te!tutu"#
q - w = ∆uTherma E!!"#"e$#%&
η = w
ne t
qin
Berar'" har 'ah q *a$ W$
in net
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La$+,ah ,m.re" 1 ,e 2 (e#$* a/) q12 = 0 Ie$'r."# s1 = s2 (a*"a0a'"# a$* reer"0e) q
12 − w
12 = u
2 − u
1 La$+,ah ,m.re" "e$'r." *ar" 1 ,e 2
w12 = u
1 − u
2
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Pema,a$ .a$a .* 'e,a$a$ ,$'a$ 2 ,e3q
23 − w
23 = u
3 − u
2
q23 = P 2
&v3
− v2'
+
&u3 − u2 '
(
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qin = q
23 = h
3− h
2
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Pe$+eara$ .a$a .a*a me ,$'a$q41 − w
41 = u
1 − u
4
"ut w41 = ∫ P!$*
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=0 & soqout
= −q41 = u
4 − u
1
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efisiensi !en)n susi u!r !l ke!n !in)in (#ol! ir #'#le ssu*tions%
",a ,"'a me$+am",a$ $"a" ,a.a"'a
.a$a ,$'a$& η = +− u $ − u+ =+ −- &T$ − T+'
h 3− h
2-
"&T
3− T
2'
+ren C$'a$' me& , 1 = , 4 & , 2 = , 3
*a$
,
+ r
, +
$
= 1
= =
r
, ,
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, 2 , 2 s $ 2, $
!
,
$
$ = 4
= = ,
3 , 3 s $ 3
r
r
r +/
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C'#le *erforn#e wit#ol! ir #'#le ssu*tionsBe#ae /e5e +' '/ "e$'r."# (a*"a0a'"#a$* reer"0e) .r#ee "$ 'he #%#e T1 #a$0e rea'e* ' T2 a$* T3 #a$ 0e rea'e* ' T4/"'h r "*ea +a "e$'r."# rea'"$h".67
T P +−k
k V k −+
2 = + = + = r k −+T
+ P 2
+−k V
2 k −+
∴ .
4 =. 1
. 3
. 2
T$
= 0
3
k
T3 0$
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C'#le *erforn#e wit#ol! ir #'#le ssu*tions
= 1
3 1$
= +
! k −+
++
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h
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+$
th ,
Diesel r k
−+
k
&r c
−+'
9ha' are 'he "m"'a'"$ !r 'h" e:.re"$;
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+$
Conto sol
Se0ah me"$ *e$+a$ ", *"ee "*ea 0e,era
.a*a ra'" 'e,a$a$ 1< *a$ #'!! ra'" 27 Pa*a
a/a a$+,ah ,m.re" 'e,a$a$ *ara a*aah
14= ."
? *a$ 11= "$37 De$+a$ am",ea*aa$ *ara *"$+"$ 'a$*ar @R8>3=>4
P"7!'3(0m7R) C.8>24> B'(0m7R) C8>1=1
B'(0m7R) h"'$+ &
(a) 'em.era're .a*a e'"a. .re
(0) E!e"e$" 'herma ",
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0en5elesaian
a' tem"e!atu!e setia" "!oses3V
+
V 2 = r = ++) in
+*
= (.% in3
V = r V
= 2 × (.%in
3 = +3 in3
3 c
V $ =
V +
2
= ++) in3
0!oses +62 isent!o"is K −+
T = T
V + =
(%$/ R)(+*)+.$−+
= +)+( R
2 + 2
0!oses 263 iso7a!is
T 3= T
2
V 3
V 2
=
(+)+( R)(2) =
3$32 R
0!oses 36$ isent!o"is
K −+
V
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3+.$−+
T = T
V 3 = (3$32 R)
+ 3 in
= +$2% R
$ 3 V ++) in3 $ +%
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+(
b) efesiensi Massa
uda!a(+$.) psi )(++)in3 )
+ ft 3
m = P +V + RT +
= (/.3)/) psi. f t 3 4
lbm. R)(%$/ R)
+)2*in3 = /.//$* lbm
0emasukan "anas "ada tekanan konstan
qin= mC p &T 3− T 2 '=
(/,//$*/).(/,2$/
)&3$32
−+)+( ' =2./%+ Btu
0enelua!an "anas "ada olume konstan
qin= mC v &T $− T +
'
= (/,//$*/ ).(/,+)+)&+$2%
− %$/'
= /,)%* Bt u
Sehina
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+)
8net 9 :in6:out9 2,/%+6
/,+)+9+,23 7tu
Maka e;isiensi
η = W n e t =q
in
+ , 23
2,/%+= /,(3
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+)
Da #%#e
" < 3:in
2
$
:out+
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PRINSIP KR!"
#$T$R D%"& '% &DBahan Bakar Gas disemprotkan ke
dalam intake manifold, bercampur
dengan udara masuk ke dalam
silinder dan dikompresikan
Bahan bakar solar disemprotkan
sesaat sebelum TMA, untuk
memulai pembakaran (solar hanya
untuk memulai pembakaran)
Pembakaran selanjutnya terjadi
pada campuran udara dan bahan
bakar gas
isa pembakaran dibuang melalui
saluran buang oleh dorongan
langkah buang torak
+*
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Perforn#e !ul #'#le
ika
C P
= k C v
η = + − -
&T
$− T
+'
- &T< − T2 '+ - " &T3− T< '
ηth , Du(l
= + −
&T $ − T + '
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&T )− T
2'
+k
&T 3
− T
'
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+
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