el_teh pres
Post on 05-Apr-2018
233 Views
Preview:
TRANSCRIPT
-
7/31/2019 el_teh pres
1/88
-
7/31/2019 el_teh pres
2/88
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
2
-
7/31/2019 el_teh pres
3/88
1.
:
-
-
-
1.1.
..
=
.
1.1.1.
.
:
x+3=10
x =10-3
x =7
:
U+U1=U2
U =U2-U1
.
:
x-5=3
x =3+5
x =8
:
I-I1=I2
I =I2+I1
3
-
7/31/2019 el_teh pres
4/88
:
x+3=50 x-3=50 U+15=18 U-70=30 I+8=10 I-5=50
= = = = = =
= = = = = =
.
:
2x=6
x=2
6
x=3
:
RI=U
R=I
U
54
=x
x=5*4
x=20
:
UI
P=
P=UI
4
-
7/31/2019 el_teh pres
5/88
:
10x=30 3
8
=x
3R=U 2I=U UP
=
2
6=
U
P
x= x= R= I= P= P=
x= x= R= I= P= P=
U=6
:
: :
x
2
=16
x= 16
x=16 21
x=(4 12
) 21
x=4
x
3
=8
x= 3 8
x=8 31
x=(2*22) 31
x=(21+2) 31
x=2
U
2
=PR
U= 2 PR
U=(PR) 21
I2=RP
I2= 2R
P
5
-
7/31/2019 el_teh pres
6/88
: P=20 R=5
x2=4 x3=27 U2=PR I2=P/R
x= 2 x= 3 U= I=
x=( ) x=( ) U= I=
x= x= U= I=
.
72
=x
x=72
x=
53
=x
x=53
x=
IR
P=2
2I
R
P=
UPR =2
PR=U2
6
-
7/31/2019 el_teh pres
7/88
: R=2,
I=3 U=4.
62
=x 43 =x IR
P=2 UPR =
2
x= x= =R
PPR=
x= x= P= P=
P= P=
7
-
7/31/2019 el_teh pres
8/88
1.1.2.
, :
:
:
2+x+(x-1)=2+x+x-1=1+2x
:
U1+(U1-U3)=U1+U1-U3=2U1-U3
:
2+2x-(x-1)=2+2x-x+1=3+x
:
2U1-(U1-U3)=2U1-U1+U3=U1+U3
:
(+)(+)=(+) (+)(-)=(-) (-)(+)=(-) (-)(-)=(+)
:
(3+x)(2-y)=(3)(2)-3y+x2-xy=6-3y+2x-xy
:
(I1-I2)(R1+R2)=I1R1+I1R2-I2R1-I2R2
:
:
4x+4y=4(x+y)
:
IR1+IR2=I(R1+R2)
, .
8
-
7/31/2019 el_teh pres
9/88
:
x+[4-(3-y)]=x+(4-3+y)=x+(1+y)=x+1+y
:
U1+[U2-(U3-U4)]=U1+(U2-U3+U4)=U1+U2-U3+U4
:
1. (10x-5y)-(4x-3y)=
2. 2x(3y+4)=
3. (2x+3y)(4z-5s)=
4. 2x+x+4x+5x=
5. 5y+3y+6z-4z=
6. 8t+12u-t-15u=
7 9d-15e+4d+5e=
8. x-y+z+y=
9. 15x+13x-37x=
10. 10c-16e+3c+3e=
11. 30p+45k-18p-17k=
12. 170a-40b-7a-35b=
13. 66a+40b-15a+8a+24b-21b=
14. 15.5k+330.2-12.2k+23.3=
9
-
7/31/2019 el_teh pres
10/88
:
a 9a+3c-6b-6c+4a+9b=
b 30a+17b-5c+12a-31b+19c=
c 300m+434p-324n-78m+189n-137p=
d 185.2p+124.2x-289.2r-76.4x-120.3p+314.7r=
e 460m+840s+780y+550m-1100y-230s=
:
a (7a-4b)-(3a+6b)=
b (16x-9y)+(4y-8x)-(7x-6y)=
:
a 340.785= b 534. 0.04=
c 63.7.78.7= d 0.29.0.01789=
:
a 3a.4b= b 7c.8d.2=
c 5e.4.3f.2= d 7a.3c.2a=
10
-
7/31/2019 el_teh pres
11/88
e 3x.4y.5z= f 22n.2p.4.2q=
:
a 5(3+4)= b 2(3a+4b-5c)=
c 3a(4b+3-2b)= d (3y+8x-25x)5x=
e -3y(2a+3b-4c)= f (4a-5b+6c)(-x)=
:
a (a+b)(a+b)= b (a+b)(a-b)=
c (a+b)(a-2b)= d (2a+3b)(4a+5b)
e (3a-4x)(5+2c)= f (5u-3v)(4x-2v)=
.
a 3.4+2.5= b 3(4+2.5)=
c 25(1+0.004.70)= d 5b(12c)3c.7)=
11
-
7/31/2019 el_teh pres
12/88
.
a 5a.4+3.5.5a= b 5b.3a+4a.2.5b=
c x.6y+3.25y.2x= d a(-3b)+4b(-2a)-5a(-b)=
:
a 56.9:23= b 3697.1:92.5=
c 417:0.17= d 0.815:0.0178=
:
a
3
917 yx =
b=
g
eg
24
412
c
97x
1821
yx=
d
azb
zaxab
4515
9835
12
-
7/31/2019 el_teh pres
13/88
1.2. ( )
(, , , .....),
.
.
.
E
1 000 000 000 000 1012 T 1012=1
1 000 000 000 109 G 109Hz=1GHz
1 000 000 106 M 106W=1MW
1 000 103 k 103g=1kg
1 00 102 h 102l=1hl
1 0 101 da
1 100
0,1=1/10 10-1 d 10-1m=1dm
0,01=1/100 10-2 c 10-2m=1cm
13
-
7/31/2019 el_teh pres
14/88
0, 001=1/1 000 10-3 m 10-3H=1mH
0, 000 001=1/1 000 000 10-6 10-6F=1F
0, 000 000 001=1/1 000 000 001 10-9 n 10-9A=1nA
0, 000 000 000 001 10-12 p 10-12F=1pF
0, 000 000 000 000 001 10-15 f 10-15H=1fH
0, 000 000 000 000 000 001 10-18 a 10-12C=1aC
:
1. 200mV. .
200mV=200.10-3V=200/1000V=0,2V
2. 3V .
3V=3.103mV=3 000mV
3V=3.106V=3 000 000 V
3. 32k?
32=32.103=32 000
4. 342000 M. 34200=342000.10-
6 M=0,342
5. 18,8 F F.
18,8 F=18,8.10-6 F=0,0000188 F
6. 10.
14
-
7/31/2019 el_teh pres
15/88
56 000=
2 500 000=
0.014=
0.000078
7. :
4.3.103= 4.2.10-6=
3.103.4.103= 7.10-6.3.10-3=
7.3.106.5.10-3= 8.3.102.2.10-5=
8. .
0.00012T= 0.00034GHz= 0.032MW=
0.1hl= 32dm= 567cm=
30040F= 900000pF= 1000000fH=
0.56k= 800mH= 4000000000aC=
15
-
7/31/2019 el_teh pres
16/88
9. :
3kV 10mV 220V 0.6V 380kV 520mV
V V kV mV V V
10. :
75mA 0.32A 600A 0.8mA 900A 0.9kA
A mA kA A mA A
11. :
100m 1.5 220 3.3k 470k 6.8M
m k M k
16
-
7/31/2019 el_teh pres
17/88
1.3.
. : .
:
- 10-2 %10
- 10-1 %5
0 100 -
1 101 %1
2 102 %2
3 103 -
4 104 -
5 105 %5.0
17
-
7/31/2019 el_teh pres
18/88
6 106 %25.0
7 107 %1.0
8 108 -
9 109 -
- - %20
.
:
.
.
20%.
1:
?
18
a)
-
7/31/2019 el_teh pres
19/88
a) 2 7 100 %5 R=27 5%
b) 6 8 104 %10 R=680k 10%
2:
R = 39k 5%.
= 3 =
= 9 =
= 103 =
= %5 =
.
,
.
19
b)
-
7/31/2019 el_teh pres
20/88
2% 2%
.
20
-
7/31/2019 el_teh pres
21/88
3:
.
a) 4 0 2 102 %2 R= 40.2 2%
b) 7 1 5 100 %5.0 R= 715 0.5%
21
a)
b)
-
7/31/2019 el_teh pres
22/88
2.
. ..
.
=9 1
l =9 1m
l=9 .1m=9m
U=220 .1V=220V
2.1.
.
.
:
1) 11V 10V,
1V.
Uiz=11V, Uv=10V, GA=11V-10V=1V
22
-
7/31/2019 el_teh pres
23/88
2) GA=9V-10V=-1V
3) Uiz=101V, Uv=100V, GA=101V-100V=1V
. .
= /
GR=GA/
:
GR%= GR.100
: ?
3) Uiz=11V, Uv=10V, GR=v
viz
UUU =
v
A
UG = 1.0
10
1 =VV GR%=GR
.100=0.1.100=10%
4) Uiz=9V, Uv=10V, GR=v
viz
U
UU =
v
A
U
G= 1.010
1=
V
VGR%=GR
.100=-0.1.100=-10%
5) Uiz=101V, Uv=100V, GR=v
viz
U
UU
=v
A
U
G
= 01.0100
1
=V
VGR%=GR.100=0.01.100=1%
23
-
7/31/2019 el_teh pres
24/88
:
. 11 80.1 23.3 12.25 0.222
. 12,5 80 24 12.3 0.23
.
. .
24
-
7/31/2019 el_teh pres
25/88
2.2.
.
.
.
:
( - )max/( ).100
%1.0 0.1.
.
.. . %1.0 %2.0 %5.0 %1 %5.1 %5.2 %5
0.1 0.2 0.5 1 1.5 2.5 5
25
-
7/31/2019 el_teh pres
26/88
3.
3.1.
3.1.1 :
1) L P a=5m:
a) L=a+a+a+a=4a=4.5m=20m
) P=a.a=a2=5m.5m=52m.m=25m2
26
1m
a=5m
-
7/31/2019 el_teh pres
27/88
a=3m a=4cm a=6mm 0.7mm
L= L= L= L=
P= P= P= P=
27
-
7/31/2019 el_teh pres
28/88
3.1.2
1) : =3m, =4m.
L=a+b+a+b=2a+2b=2(a+b)
L=2(4m+3m)=2.7m=14m
P=a.b=4m.3m=12m2
2) :
=3, =2 a=4cm, b=5cm a=2mm, b=5mm a=0.2m, b=0.4m
28
a=4m
b=3m
-
7/31/2019 el_teh pres
29/88
3.1.3 .
1) r=3m !
L=2r
=3.14
L=2.3m.3.14=18.85m
P=r2=(3m)2=9 m2= 28.27m2
2) :
r=2m r=4cm r=6mm r=0.7mm
L L= L= L= L=
P P= P= P= P=
29
r
-
7/31/2019 el_teh pres
30/88
3) r1=2m r2=4m.
P=P2-P1
P2=(r2)2
P1=(r1)2
P=(r2)2(r1)2=[ (r2)2-(r1)2]
P=[(4m)2-(2m)2]=[16m2-4m2]=12m2
P=50,26m2
r 2=3, r1=2 r 2=5cm, r1=4cm r 2=5mm, r1=2mm r 2=0.4m, r1=0.2m
P= P= P= P=
30
-
7/31/2019 el_teh pres
31/88
3.2.
.
.
. .
1m,
1mm2 200 C.
:
221
1
11
1
11
1
1
mm
mS
mm
m
mmA
V
m=
=
:
G=/l
l .
.
.=1/ . :
31
-
7/31/2019 el_teh pres
32/88
Sm
mm
m
mm
m
mmA
V
11
1
1
11
1
11
122
2
=
=
:
R=l/S
:
[2mm
m
] [
m
mm2]
62 0.0161
56 0.0179
36 0.02826
11.5 0.087
8 0.12
2 0.5
.
32
-
7/31/2019 el_teh pres
33/88
:
1) 200m =2.5mm2.
.
R==
=
8.25.2
4000176.02
2
2
mm
mm
mm
A
l
2) b ,
l=18cm h=35m R=0.1.
A= 2
2
00317.01.0
18.00176.0
mmm
m
m
mm
Rl =
=
A=b.h h=A/b=0.00317mm2/35m=0.00317mm2/35.10-3mm=0.9mm
3) d=0.3mm 76m. .
=r2=(d/2)2= d2/4=( 0.3mm)2/4=0.0707mm2
33
-
7/31/2019 el_teh pres
34/88
R==
=
5270707.0
7649.0
2
2
mm
mm
mm
A
l
4) =1.5mm2 100m.
5) 10 .
=1.1m
mm2 d=1.6mm.
6) 25mm2. 3.6km. .
7) 0.4mm. 2m 6.7. .
8) 5mm. 300m.
9) r1=4mm,
2mm. 200m.
10) 133.
(CuMn 12 Ni) (=0.43m
mm2) 0.2mm .
.
11) - 14 , 2mm 7 (=8) , 2.4mm. 1km .
34
-
7/31/2019 el_teh pres
35/88
4.
4.1
:
.
, .
.
I=R
U
:
1) 300 42 V. .
I=U/R=42V/300=0.14A=140mA
2) 40 220V. .
3) (220V/2W) 24.2. .
4) 2.2k 9.6 V. .
I=U/R
:
35
-
7/31/2019 el_teh pres
36/88
R=I
U
.
. .
:
1) 60W- 273mA, 220V. .
2) : (6V/0.3).
.
3) (NTC):
U1=30V, I1=2,1mA
U2=52V, I2=4,7mA
:
R1= R2=
:
U=IR
.
:
1) I=410 R=8.2k. ?
U=IR=410A.8.2k=410.10-6A.8.2.103=3.36V
2) 11mA 1.8k . .
3) 3mA. .
36
-
7/31/2019 el_teh pres
37/88
G.
.
:
G=1/R
1/ S ().
:
1) G 1.
G=1/103 [1/]=103
S=1mS
2) :
U 225V 42V V 8V 220V V 1.6V
I A 1.38A 4.5A A 610mA 0.15A A
R 25 900m
G S S 200mS S mS 6.25mS 7.3mS
37
-
7/31/2019 el_teh pres
38/88
4.2
:
.
. . .
x- ()
y- ()
38
y
P3(-2;-1.5)
P2
(-3;1)
P4(1;-3)
P1(1;2)
-
-2
-3
3
2
1
-4 -3 -2 -1 1 2 3 4 5 x
1-
4-
2-
3-
-
7/31/2019 el_teh pres
39/88
:
: y=2x+3
a) y.
)
a)
x, y
.
x +2 +1 0 -1 -2
y +7 +5 +3 +1 -1
b)
.
39
y
-
-4
-6
6
4
2
-8 -6 -4 -2 2 4 6 8 10 x
-
7/31/2019 el_teh pres
40/88
y .
:
y=f(x) (y )
, , .
:
y=kx+n
k . .
n y .
:
1) y=x+1
a)
b) .
c) ()
2) y=2x+1
a)
b) .
40
-
7/31/2019 el_teh pres
41/88
c) ()
x +2 +1 0 -1 -2 k
y=x+1
y=2x+1
41
y
-
-4
-6
6
4
2
-8 -6 -4 -2 2 4 6 8 10 x
-
7/31/2019 el_teh pres
42/88
-
I U
R. ,
.
I=R
U= R
1U
, .
:
I=f(U)
.
U I
.
.
. R=10:
U 0V 2V 4V 6V k
I= U10
10A 0.2A 0.4A 0.6A 0.1
I=f(U)
I-U R=10
42
1
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
U
I
-
7/31/2019 el_teh pres
43/88
I=f(U) R=const. . -
.
43
-
7/31/2019 el_teh pres
44/88
:
1) : R=500, R=1k, R=2k, R=4k;
)
)
.
U(V) 4V 8V 12V k
I(mA)R=500
I(mA)R=1k
I(mA)R=2k
I(mA)R=4k
.
.
:
U
I
R=1k :
V
A
V
mA
U
I 3101
4
4 ==
=10-3S
44
U
I
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 U(V)
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
I(mA)
-
7/31/2019 el_teh pres
45/88
2)
225V 42V V 8V 220V V 1.6V
A 1.38A 4.5A A 610mA 0.15A A
25 900m
S S 200mS S mS 6.25mS 7.3S
45
-
7/31/2019 el_teh pres
46/88
5.
5.1.
1 .
.1.
. 2.
.
I1=U/R1
I2=U/R2
.
I=I1+I2
R.
R=U/I
.
46
I
I2
R2
R1
I1
U
I
RU
-
7/31/2019 el_teh pres
47/88
1:
U=12V, R1=1.2k
R2=680. I1 I2, I R .
I1=U/R1=12V/1,2.103=10 .10-3A=10mA
I2=U/R2=12V/680=0.0176A=17,6mA
I=I1+I2=10mA+17,6mA=27,6mA
R=U/I=12V/27,6.10-3A=435.
:
I=I1+I2
U/R=U/R1+U/R2
U
1/R=1/R1+1/R2
R=
21
11
1
RR+
2:
47
-
7/31/2019 el_teh pres
48/88
.
R==
+
21
11
1
RR
=
+
33
1068.0
1
102.1
1
1
435
G=1/R
.
G=G1+G2
3:
:
G1=1/R1=1/1,2.103=0.83 .10-3 S
G2=1/R2=1/0,68.103=1.47.10-3 S
G=G1+G2=2.3
.
10
-3
.
48
U
I=I1+I2
G=G1+G2
1/R=1/R1+1/R2
R=21
21
RR
RR
+
-
7/31/2019 el_teh pres
49/88
5.2.
3 .
3)
.
.
.
49
In
I2
I
R2
R1
I1
U R3 Rn
I3
U
I=I1+I2+I3+ +In
G=G1+G2+G3+ +Gn
1/R=1/R 1+1/R2+ +1/Rn
-
7/31/2019 el_teh pres
50/88
1.
: R1=12k, R2=1.2k, R3=2.7k,
R4=680, R5=470, U=100V.
:
) a
)
)
)
)1/R=1/R1+1/R2+1/R3+1/R4+1/R5=
=
+
+
+
+
110885.4
1047.01
1
1068.0
1
107.2
1
102.1
1
1012
1 333333
R=
110885.4
1
3 =205
) G=G1+G2+G3+G4+G5=4.885.10-3S
) I=
=
205
100
R
U
) I1= mAV
R
U3.8
12000
100
1
=
= I2= mAV
R
U3.83
1200
100
2
=
=
50
-
7/31/2019 el_teh pres
51/88
I3= mAV
R
U37
2700
100
3
=
= I4= mAV
R
U147
680
100
4
=
=
I5= mAVRU 213
470
100
5
=
=
: I=I1+I2+I3+I4+I5=488.6mA
2.
R1=30, R2=60, R3=20, . 60V. :
)
)
)
)
3.
R1 R2, . :
)
)
4.
R1=36, R2=48, R3=60, . :
)
51
-
7/31/2019 el_teh pres
52/88
)
5.
40.
60 . .
6.
. 2.6.
R1=8k R2=10k. R3.
7.
60 120 .
220 V. :
)
)
)
)
8.
R1=50M, R2=800k, R3=4.8M, . 24V. :
)
)
)
52
-
7/31/2019 el_teh pres
53/88
)
9.
R1=250, R2=120, R3=80, . 300. :
)
)
)
53
-
7/31/2019 el_teh pres
54/88
5.3.
. , :
.
, :
4 .
.
4.
1 4 :
I
I1, I2 I3
54
I2
I
R2
R1
I1
U R3
I3
2
1
I2
I
R2
R1
I1
U R3
I3
-
7/31/2019 el_teh pres
55/88
2:
I1, I2 I3
I
: I=I1+I2+I3
:
I1=100mA I2=200mA I3, I4, I5
. I4 I3=50mA I5=80mA.
I1+I2=I3+I4+I5
I4=I1+I2-I4-I5
I4=100mA+200mA-50mA-80mA=170mA
:
. I1=1000mA, I3=100mA, I4=500mA
I5=700mA. I2.
5.
55
I3
I4
I5
I2I1
-
7/31/2019 el_teh pres
56/88
I1=I2+I3+I4+I5
I2=I1-I3-I4-I5=
=100mA-100mA-500mA-700mA=-300mA
I2 e .
.
56
-
7/31/2019 el_teh pres
57/88
5.4.
6 .
. 6.
:
U1=IR1
U2=IR2
U
U1 U2 :
U=U1+U2
:
6 R1=1k, R2=470. 10V R1. I, U2
U.
I=U/R1=10V/(103)=10.10-3A=10mA
U2=IR2=10-2A.470=4.7V
U=U1+U2=10V+4.7V=14.7V
57
I
R2
R1
U
U1
U2
-
7/31/2019 el_teh pres
58/88
.
R=21
21RR
I
UU
I
U+=
+=
.
:
.
R=R1+R2=1000+470=1470
58
-
7/31/2019 el_teh pres
59/88
5.5.
.
.
.
59
I
R2
R1
U
U1
U2
U3
Un
R3
Rn
-
7/31/2019 el_teh pres
60/88
1:
5 R1=12k, R2=1.2k, R3=2.7k, R4=680,
R5=470. U=100V.
:
) R
) I
) U1, U2, U3, U4 U5,
) R=R1+ R2+ R3+ R4+ R5=1.2k+1.2k+2.7k+0.680k+0.470k=6.25k.
) I=U/R=100V/6.25.103=16.10-3A=16mA
) U1=IR1=19.2V
U2=IR2=19.2V
U3=IR3=43.2V
U4=IR4=10.88V
U5=IR5=7.52V
60
U=U1+U2+.Un
I
R=R1+R2+R3+ +Rn
1/G=1/G1+1/G2+
+1/Gn
-
7/31/2019 el_teh pres
61/88
2.
R1=8, R2=4 , R3=12 . 48V. :
)
)
)
3.
6 . R2, R1=800 , a R3=400 .
4.
220V R1=250, R2=500 . :
)
)
)
5.
300 . R1=80 ,
R3=180 200mA :
)
) R2
)
61
-
7/31/2019 el_teh pres
62/88
62
-
7/31/2019 el_teh pres
63/88
5.6.
:
,
.
n
.
U1 U2 U.
U=U1+U2
.
.
U1+U2=UR1+UR2+UR3+.+URn
:
U1+U2+.Un=UR1+UR2+.+URn
.
63
I
R2
R1
U1
UR1
UR2
UR3
URn
R3
Rn
U2
U
-
7/31/2019 el_teh pres
64/88
:
: U1=10V, U2=5V, UR1=3V, UR3=10V,
UR2 ?
U1+U2=UR1+UR2+UR3
UR2 = U1+U2 -UR1- UR3
UR2=10V+5V-3V-10V=2V
64
-
7/31/2019 el_teh pres
65/88
5.7.
. .
M
2
1
2
1
R
R
U
U=
.
65
U2=U
out
I
R2
R1
Uin
U1
R2
I
R2
R1
Uout1
Uout2
Uout3
R3
R4
Uin
-
7/31/2019 el_teh pres
66/88
21
2
RR
R
U
U
in
out
+=
.
Uout=Uin 21
2
RR
R
+
.
R1 R2,
R3. R1 R2 R2. R2 R2. :
Uout=Uin2'
1
2'
RR
R
+
66
R3U
2
=Uout
I
R2
R1
Uin
U1
U2=U
out
I
R2
R1
Uin
U1
R2
-
7/31/2019 el_teh pres
67/88
:
Uin=60V R1=100
R2=10. O R3=80. :
) U2
) U2
:
a) U2=Uin21
2
RR
R
+
=60V+
10100
10
=5.45V
) R2==
+
=
+89.8
8010
8010
32
32
RR
RR
U2=Uin2'
1
2'
RR
R
+
=4.9V
:
1) R1=100 R2=50 . 20V. U2.
2) R1=22k R2=10k . 220V.
a)
)
67
-
7/31/2019 el_teh pres
68/88
3) R=300 .
12 2.5V. R1 R2
4) 24V 6V. .
R1 1.8k. .
5) : R1:R2=3:7.
Uin:U2
6) Uin=6V R1=560 R2=220.
a) U2 .
) R3=180. U2.
68
-
7/31/2019 el_teh pres
69/88
5.8.
P
, :
P=UI
W-
.
.
P=UI=RI.I=RI2
P=UI=U(U/I)=U2/R
:
: 1.5k/0.08A.
.
:
P=UI=RI.I=RI2=1500.(0.08)2=9.6W
:
1)
. 220
.
I 10A 16A 20A 25A 35A 50A
P W W W W W W
69
-
7/31/2019 el_teh pres
70/88
2)
220 .
I A A A A A A
P 25W 40W 60W 75W 100W 150W
3) 220 1k. .
4) 220 1W .
.
5) 1.6M 3.2mA
6) .
R 560 680k 4.7M 22k 15 3.3k
P 3W 1/2W 1/4W 1W 2W 1/10W
I(A)
7) 200W//6.6A.
.
70
-
7/31/2019 el_teh pres
71/88
6.
6.1.
. .
. :
y=2x+3 .
.
. :,
.
.
.
P=RI2
.
71
y
-
-4
-6
6
4
2
-8 -6 -4 -2 2 4 6 8 10 x
-
7/31/2019 el_teh pres
72/88
a : y = a x2
.
=1
y=x2.
x
y
, .
x 1 2 3 4
y 1 4 9 16
72
-
7/31/2019 el_teh pres
73/88
:
y=1/x
, .
x -2 -1 0 1 2 4
y -0.5 -1 1 0.5 0.25
y=ax.
73
-
7/31/2019 el_teh pres
74/88
:
y=2x
x -2 -1 0 1 2 4
y -0.25 -0.5 1 2 4 8
74
-
7/31/2019 el_teh pres
75/88
y=logax.
:
y=log 2x
x 0 1 2 4 8
y - 0 1 2 3
6.2.
.
.
0.1, 1, 10 100. .
.
75
-
7/31/2019 el_teh pres
76/88
0.1 1 10 100 1000 10000
10-1 100 101 102 103 104
0.1 1 10 100 1000 10000
.
:
10 cm 1
10 . 2.
: 2 : 0.30103
.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
. cm 0 3.0 4.8 6.0 6.9 7.8 8.5 9.0 9.5 10
76
log
log
-
7/31/2019 el_teh pres
77/88
x- y- .
.
x y
lin-lin
log-lin
lin-log
log-log
.
lin-log .
77
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
-
7/31/2019 el_teh pres
78/88
100
.
R= 4.10-1k = 400
78
-
7/31/2019 el_teh pres
79/88
- .
:
500 lux.
:
R=200
79
-
7/31/2019 el_teh pres
80/88
-
7/31/2019 el_teh pres
81/88
NTC-.
.
:
NTC 33, 140 .
:
2.
81
-
7/31/2019 el_teh pres
82/88
NTC .
:
10W .
( 100mW 1W)
.
:
12mA 30V. .
R=U/I=30V/10mA=3k
50mA 20V.
:
R=U/I=20V/50mA=0.4k
82
-
7/31/2019 el_teh pres
83/88
83
-
7/31/2019 el_teh pres
84/88
.
84
-
7/31/2019 el_teh pres
85/88
PTC-
PTC - .
.
PTC
85
PTC
.
-
7/31/2019 el_teh pres
86/88
.
LDR-
LDR .
. .
86
-
7/31/2019 el_teh pres
87/88
87
-
7/31/2019 el_teh pres
88/88
1. Technical mathematics for the electric trade.
GTZ
2. Electrotechnical Fundamentals of Electronics
GTZ
top related