チャームで見る エキゾチックハドロン・原子核 - jicfus...2. symmetry and dynamics...

チャームで見るエキゾチックハドロン・原子核

KEK安井 繁宏

「J-PARCで展開されるハドロン原子核物理」研究会@KEK 10-11 June 2011

1. Introduction2. Symmetry and dynamics of heavy quark hadrons3. New charmed heavy hadrons and nuclei4. Experimental researches5. Summary

Contents

Eichten in QWG 2008 Nara

Many new cc states above threshold

quarkonium cc

quarkonium cc+ exotic states

1. Introduction

Eichten in QWG 2008 Nara

Many new cc states above threshold

quarkonium cc

quarkonium cc+ exotic states

1. Introduction

Eichten in QWG 2008 Nara

Many new cc states above threshold

quarkonium cc

quarkonium cc+ exotic states

1. Introduction

1. IntroductionX(3872), X(3940), Y(4260), Z(4430)+, ... Yb , Zb, ...

ccd

u

Z(4430)+ (Zb)Y(4260)

c

cgc

cu

u

X(3872)

ccd

u

ccg hybridS. L. Zhu (2005)

Why are they exotic?- unusual decay widths and branching ratios- mass difference from cc in quark model (〜100 MeV)

DD* (ccuu) moleculeTornqvist (1991)

ccud (bbud)really tetraquark

ccudreally tetraquark

DD* threshold ? gluon dynamics ? new correlation ? diquark correlation ?

Tcc1

1. IntroductionX(3872), X(3940), Y(4260), Z(4430)+, ... Yb , Zb, ...

ccd

u

Z(4430)+ (Zb)Y(4260)

c

cgc

cu

u

X(3872)

ccd

u

ccg hybridS. L. Zhu (2005)

Why are they exotic?- unusual decay widths and branching ratios- mass difference from cc in quark model (〜100 MeV)

DD* (ccuu) moleculeTornqvist (1991)

ccud (bbud)really tetraquark

ccudreally tetraquark

DD* threshold ? gluon dynamics ? new correlation ? diquark correlation ?

Tcc1

What states are allowed as solutions of QCD?Can we construct effective theories from QCD?

2. Symmetry and dynamicsof heavy quark hadrons

u d s c bm

ΛQCD

3 5 150 200 1500 4700

Chiral Symmetry

SU(3)L x SU(3)R

[MeV]

π, K as Nambu-Goldstone bosonsChiral multiplets (ρ-a1, N-N*, ...)Nucleus formed by tensor forceHypernuclei as g.s. of QCD matter...

2. Symmetry and dynamicsof heavy quark hadrons

u d s c bm

ΛQCD

3 5 150 200 1500 4700

Chiral Symmetry

SU(3)L x SU(3)R

[MeV]

π, K as Nambu-Goldstone bosons

Nucleus formed by tensor forceHypernuclei as g.s. of QCD matter...

Chiral multiplets (ρ-a1, N-N*, ...)

2. Symmetry and dynamicsof heavy quark hadrons

u d s c bm

ΛQCD

3 5 150 200 1500 4700

Chiral Symmetry

SU(3)L x SU(3)R

[MeV]

π, K as Nambu-Goldstone bosons

Nucleus formed by tensor forceHypernuclei as g.s. of QCD matter...

SU(4)L x SU(4)R

Chiral Symmetry

Chiral multiplets (ρ-a1, N-N*, ...)

SU(3)f symmetry SU(4)f symmetry ?

ρ+ρ- ρ0 ω

K*+

K*- K*0

K*0

φ

π+π- π0 η

K+

K-

K0

K0

η’

D+D0Ds

+

D-D0

Ds-

vector

pseudo-scalar

D*+D*0Ds*+

D*-D*0

Ds*-

mps

mv

SU(3)f symmetry SU(4)f symmetry ?

ρ+ρ- ρ0 ω

K*+

K*- K*0

K*0

φ

π+π- π0 η

K+

K-

K0

K0

η’

Ds+

D+D0

D-D0

Ds-

D*+D*0Ds*+

D*-D*0

Ds*-

pseudo-scalar

vector

mps

mv

SU(3)f symmetry SU(4)f symmetry ?

ρ+ρ- ρ0 ω

K*+

K*- K*0

K*0

φ

π+π- π0 η

K+

K-

K0

K0

η’

Ds+

D+D0

D-D0

Ds-

D*+D*0Ds*+

D*-D*0

Ds*-

pseudo-scalar

vector

mps

mv

SU(3)f symmetry SU(4)f symmetry ?

π+π- π0 η

K+

K-

K0

K0

η’

D+D0Ds

+

D-D0

Ds-

pseudo-scalar

ρ+ρ- ρ0 ω

K*+

K*- K*0

K*0

φ

D*+D*0Ds*+

D*-D*0

Ds*-

vector

mps

mv

SU(3)f symmetry SU(4)f symmetry ?

π+π- π0 η

K+

K-

K0

K0

η’

D+D0Ds

+

D-D0

Ds-

pseudo-scalar

ρ+ρ- ρ0 ω

K*+

K*- K*0

K*0

φ

D*+D*0Ds*+

D*-D*0

Ds*-

vector

mps

mv

SU(3)f symmetry SU(4)f symmetry ?

π+π- π0 η

K+

K-

K0

K0

η’

D+D0Ds

+

D-D0

Ds-

pseudo-scalar

ρ+ρ- ρ0 ω

K*+

K*- K*0

K*0

φ

D*+D*0Ds*+

D*-D*0

Ds*-

vector

mps

mv

SU(3)f symmetry SU(4)f symmetry ?

π+π- π0 η

K+

K-

K0

K0

η’

D+D0Ds

+

D-D0

Ds-

pseudo-scalar

D*+D*0Ds*+

D*-D*0

Ds*-

ρ+ρ- ρ0 ω

K*+

K*- K*0

K*0

φ

vector

mps

mv

SU(3)f symmetry SU(4)f symmetry ?

π+π- π0 η

K+

K-

K0

K0

η’

D+D0Ds

+

D-D0

Ds-

pseudo-scalar

D*+D*0Ds*+

D*-D*0

Ds*-

ρ+ρ- ρ0 ω

K*+

K*- K*0

K*0

φ

vector

mps

mv

D*+D*0Ds*+

D*-D*0

Ds*-

SU(3)f symmetry SU(4)f symmetry ?

π+π- π0 η

K+

K-

K0

K0

η’

D+D0Ds

+

D-D0

Ds-

pseudo-scalar

ρ+ρ- ρ0 ω

K*+

K*- K*0

K*0

φ

vector

mps

mv

D*+D*0Ds*+

D*-D*0

Ds*-

SU(3)f symmetry SU(4)f symmetry ?

π+π- π0 η

K+

K-

K0

K0

η’

D+D0Ds

+

D-D0

Ds-

pseudo-scalar

ρ+ρ- ρ0 ω

K*+

K*- K*0

K*0

φ

vector

mps

mv

D*+D*0Ds*+

D*-D*0

Ds*-

SU(3)f symmetry SU(4)f symmetry ?

π+π- π0 η

K+

K-

K0

K0

η’

D+D0Ds

+

D-D0

Ds-

pseudo-scalar

ρ+ρ- ρ0 ω

K*+

K*- K*0

K*0

φ

vector

mps

mv

D*+D*0Ds*+

D*-D*0

Ds*-

SU(3)f symmetry SU(4)f symmetry ?

π+π- π0 η

K+

K-

K0

K0

η’D+D0

Ds+

D-D0

Ds-

pseudo-scalar

ρ+ρ- ρ0 ω

K*+

K*- K*0

K*0

φ

vector

mps

mv

D*+D*0Ds*+

D*-D*0

Ds*-

SU(3)f symmetry SU(4)f symmetry ?

π+π- π0 η

K+

K-

K0

K0

η’D+D0

Ds+

D-D0

Ds-

pseudo-scalar

ρ+ρ- ρ0 ω

K*+

K*- K*0

K*0

φ

vector

mps

mv

D*+D*0Ds*+

D*-D*0

Ds*-

SU(3)f symmetry SU(4)f symmetry ?

π+π- π0 η

K+

K-

K0

K0

η’ D+D0Ds

+

D-D0

Ds-

pseudo-scalar

ρ+ρ- ρ0 ω

K*+

K*- K*0

K*0

φ

vector

mps

mv

D*+D*0Ds*+

D*-D*0

Ds*-

SU(3)f symmetry SU(4)f symmetry ?

π+π- π0 η

K+

K-

K0

K0

η’ D+D0Ds

+

D-D0

Ds-

pseudo-scalar

ρ+ρ- ρ0 ω

K*+

K*- K*0

K*0

φ

vector

mps

mv

D*+D*0Ds*+

D*-D*0

Ds*-

SU(3)f symmetry SU(4)f symmetry ?

π+π- π0 η

K+

K-

K0

K0

η’ D+D0Ds

+

D-D0

Ds-

pseudo-scalar

ρ+ρ- ρ0 ω

K*+

K*- K*0

K*0

φ

vector

mps

mv

D*+D*0Ds*+

D*-D*0

Ds*-

SU(3)f symmetry SU(4)f symmetry ?

π+π- π0 η

K+

K-

K0

K0

η’D+D0

Ds+

D-D0

Ds-

pseudo-scalar

ρ+ρ- ρ0 ω

K*+

K*- K*0

K*0

φ

vector

mps

mv

D*+D*0Ds*+

D*-D*0

Ds*-

SU(3)f symmetry SU(4)f symmetry ?

π+π- π0 η

K+

K-

K0

K0

η’D+D0

Ds+

D-D0

Ds-

pseudo-scalar

ρ+ρ- ρ0 ω

K*+

K*- K*0

K*0

φ

vector

mps

mv

D*+D*0Ds*+

D*-D*0

Ds*-

SU(3)f symmetry SU(4)f symmetry ?

π+π- π0 η

K+

K-

K0

K0

η’D+D0

Ds+

D-D0

Ds-

pseudo-scalar

ρ+ρ- ρ0 ω

K*+

K*- K*0

K*0

φ

vector

mps

mv

400-600 MeV

140 MeV

D*+D*0Ds*+

D*-D*0

Ds*-

SU(3)f symmetry SU(4)f symmetry ?

π+π- π0 η

K+

K-

K0

K0

η’D+D0

Ds+

D-D0

Ds-

pseudo-scalar

ρ+ρ- ρ0 ω

K*+

K*- K*0

K*0

φ

vector

mD ≈ mD*

mps

mv

400-600 MeV

140 MeV

D*+D*0Ds*+

D*-D*0

Ds*-

SU(3)f symmetry SU(4)f symmetry ?

π+π- π0 η

K+

K-

K0

K0

η’D+D0

Ds+

D-D0

Ds-

pseudo-scalar

ρ+ρ- ρ0 ω

K*+

K*- K*0

K*0

φ

vector

Heavy Quark Symmetry

mps

mv

mD ≈ mD*

400-600 MeV

140 MeV

Heavy Quark Symmetry

c quark

u quark

D0 meson (cu)1865 MeV

Heavy Quark Symmetry

c quark

u quark

quark loop

gluon self-int.

D0 meson (cu)1865 MeV

D0 meson (cu)

Heavy Quark Symmetry

c quark

u quark

quark loop

gluon self-int.

1865 MeV

D0 meson (cu)

Heavy Quark Symmetry

c quark

u quark

quark loop

gluon self-int.

1865 MeV

D0 meson (cu)

Heavy Quark Symmetry

c quark

u quark

quark loop

gluon self-int.

1865 MeV

D0 meson (cu)

Heavy Quark Symmetry

c quark

u quark

quark loop

gluon self-int.

1865 MeV

mD ≈ mD*

2. Symmetry and dynamicsof heavy quark hadrons

u d s c bm

ΛQCD

3 5 150 200 1500 4700

Chiral Symmetry

SU(3)L x SU(3)R

[MeV]

π, K as Nambu-Goldstone bosons

Nuclei formed by tensor forceHypernuclei as g.s. of QCD matter...

SU(4)L x SU(4)R

Chiral Symmetry

Chiral multiplets (ρ-a1, N-N*, ...)

2. Symmetry and dynamicsof heavy quark hadrons

u d s c bm

ΛQCD

3 5 150 200 1500 4700

Chiral SymmetryHeavy QuarkSymmetry

SU(3)L x SU(3)R SU(2)spin x SU(Nh)

[MeV]

π, K as Nambu-Goldstone bosons

Nuclei formed by tensor forceHypernuclei as g.s. of QCD matter...

D-D* (Σc-Σc*, Ξcc-Ξcc*) mass degeneracy (heavy quark sym.)

Charmed nuclei ?

More exotics? (like Tcc with no pion decay)

Chiral multiplets (ρ-a1, N-N*, ...)

3. New exotic hadrons and nuclei

tetraquark Tcc1

ccd

u

N

D

D and nucleon

NK

K N

π, , ⟩

Weinberg-Tomozawa One pion exchange potential(OPEP)

ND(*)

D(*) N

NB(*)

B(*) N

One pion is absent.(short range force)

One pion is present.(long range force)

KN interaction D(B)N interaction

π, , ⟩ π, , ⟩

S. Y. and K. Sudoh, PRD80, 034008 (2009)Y. Yamaguchi, S. Ohkoda, S. Y., A. Hosaka, arXiv:1105.0734

D and nucleon

3. New exotic hadrons and nuclei

with

G. Burdman and J.F. Donoghue (1992)M.B. Wise (1992)T.-M. Yan, H.-Y. Cheng, C.-Y. Cheung, G.-L. Lin, Y.C. Lin and H.-L. Yu (1997)

vector + pseudoscalar

Heavy Quark Symmetry

D(*)

D(*)

N

N

π-exchange pot.

π, , ⟩

P=D, B

S. Y. and K. Sudoh, PRD80, 034008 (2009)

ω and ρ-exchange pot. Y. Yamaguchi, S. Ohkoda, S. Y., A. Hosaka,arXiv:1105.0734

D and nucleon

3. New exotic hadrons and nuclei

I(JP)=0(1/2-)

I(JP)=0(3/2-)

DN(2S1/2), D*N(2S1/2), D*N(4D1/2)

DN(2D3/2), D*N(4S3/2), D*N(4D3/2), D*N(2D3/2)

See Y. Yamaguchi, S. Ohkoda, S. Y., A. Hosaka, arXiv:1105.0734, for omega and rho-exchange potential.

D and nucleon

3. New exotic hadrons and nuclei

DN bound state

140 MeV

B.E. 2 MeV

D*N

DN

I(JP)=0(1/2-)

BN

B*N

BN bound state

45 MeV

B.E. 22 MeV

S. Y. and K. Sudoh, PRD80, 034008 (2009)

I(JP)=0(1/2-)

D and nucleon

Y. Yamaguchi, S. Ohkoda, S. Y., A. Hosaka,arXiv:1105.0734

3. New exotic hadrons and nuclei

140 MeV Γ = 17 MeV

D*N

DN resonance

20 MeV

DN

I(JP)=0(3/2-)

Y. Yamaguchi, S. Ohkoda, S. Y., A. Hosaka,arXiv:1105.0734

D and nucleon

3. New exotic hadrons and nuclei

140 MeV Γ = 17 MeVI(JP)=0(3/2-)

D*N

DN resonance

20 MeV

DN

Feshbach resonance

D and nucleon

Y. Yamaguchi, S. Ohkoda, S. Y., A. Hosaka,arXiv:1105.0734

3. New exotic hadrons and nuclei

BN

B*N

BN resonance

140 MeV

45 MeVΓ = 0.13 MeV

8 MeV

Γ = 17 MeV

D*N

DN resonance

20 MeV

DN

I(JP)=0(3/2-)

I(JP)=0(3/2-)

D and nucleon

Y. Yamaguchi, S. Ohkoda, S. Y., A. Hosaka,arXiv:1105.0734

3. New exotic hadrons and nuclei

BN

B*N

BN resonance

140 MeV

45 MeVΓ = 0.13 MeV

8 MeV

Γ = 17 MeV

D*N

DN resonance

20 MeV

DN

I(JP)=0(3/2-)

I(JP)=0(1/2-) bound stateI(JP)=0(3/2-) narrow resonance state

heavy quark mass dependence is very interesting!

I(JP)=0(3/2-)

D and nucleon

Y. Yamaguchi, S. Ohkoda, S. Y., A. Hosaka,arXiv:1105.0734

3. New exotic hadrons and nuclei

Λ(1405)

KN

πΣ

1433 MeV

1330 MeV

ΞN

ΛΛ

2255 MeV

2230MeV

H dibaryon

BN6217 MeV

BN state

DN2807 MeV

DN state2946 MeV

6263 MeVD*N B*N

3. New exotic hadrons and nuclei

Λ(1405)

KN

πΣ

1433 MeV

1330 MeV

ΞN

ΛΛ

2255 MeV

2230MeV

H dibaryon

K nuclei

Hypernuclei

Charm/Bottom nuclei

BN6217 MeV

BN state

DN2807 MeV

DN state2946 MeV

6263 MeVD*N B*N

3. New exotic hadrons and nuclei

｜Strange Nuclei 〉 = U｜Normal Nuclei〉

proton

neutron

Strangeness

Hyperons (Λ, Σ, Ξ, ...)K meson cf. Λ(1405)

Norml Nucleus

U : unitary transformation SU(3)f for some rep.

3. New exotic hadrons and nuclei

｜Strange Nuclei 〉 = U｜Normal Nuclei〉

proton

neutron

Strangeness

Hyperons (Λ, Σ, Ξ, ...)K meson cf. Λ(1405)

Norml Nucleus

U : unitary transformation SU(3)f for some represetationBB system 8 x 8 = 1 + 8s + 8a + 10 + 10* + 27 Inoue et al.

PTP124, 591 (2010)

3. New exotic hadrons and nuclei

Charm

proton

neutron

CharmedBaryons (Λc, Σc, Ξcc, ...)Mesons (ηc, J/ψ, D, ...)

Norml Nucleus

｜Charmed Nuclei 〉 ≠ U｜Normal Nuclei〉

No unitary transformation

3. New exotic hadrons and nuclei

ccd

u

Tcc1

dc+

Spin-color int. sBa (a=1,..,8) induces

cc pair

cu pair

ud pair

1/mQ2

1/mQ1

1/mQ0

?

dominant attraction (3c, 3f, s=0)

further suppressed

D*-D0

uc

suppressed

tetraquark Tcc1

Carlson, Heller, Tjon (1988)Silvestre-Brac and Semay (1993)Manohar and Wise (1993)Lee, SY, Liu and Ko (2008)Lee and SY (2009)

„explicitly“ exotic

I(JP)=0(1+)

3. New exotic hadrons and nuclei

ccd

u

Tcc1

dc+

Spin-color int. sBa (a=1,..,8) induces

cc pair

cu pair

ud pair

1/mQ2

1/mQ1

1/mQ0 dominant attraction (3c, 3f, s=0)

further suppressed

D*-D0

uc

suppressed

tetraquark Tcc1

No strong decay

Carlson, Heller, Tjon (1988)Silvestre-Brac and Semay (1993)Manohar and Wise (1993)Lee, SY, Liu and Ko (2008)Lee and SY (2009)

„explicitly“ exotic

I(JP)=0(1+)

3. New exotic hadrons and nuclei

ccd

u

Tcc1

dc+

D*-D0

uc

tetraquark Tcc1

No strong decay

Carlson, Heller, Tjon (1988)Silvestre-Brac and Semay (1993)Manohar and Wise (1993)Lee, SY, Liu and Ko (2008)Lee and SY (2009)

„explicitly“ exotic

Binding energy of Tcc(bb)1 [MeV]

→ Tcc(bb)1 are stable as 3f multiplet of SU(3)f.

I(JP)=0(1+)

3. New exotic hadrons and nuclei

tetraquark Tcc1

ccd

u

N

D

D and nucleon

e+e- collisionspp (ppbar) collisionsheavy ion collisions

✔

✔

3. New exotic hadrons and nuclei

4. Experimental researchesExotic hadrons from heavy ion collisions at RHIC and LHC

Nucleus Nucleus

4. Experimental researchesExotic hadrons from heavy ion collisions at RHIC and LHC

Nucleus Nucleus

QGP

4. Experimental researchesExotic hadrons from heavy ion collisions at RHIC and LHC

Hadron phase

QGP

p, Λ, ...

π, K, ...

f0, a0, ...

Λ3H

Exotics?

STAR (2003)

STAR (2010)

4. Experimental researchesExotic hadrons from heavy ion collisions at RHIC and LHC

Hadron phasep, Λ, ...

π, K, ...

f0, a0, ...

Λ3H

Exotics?

STAR (2003)

STAR (2010)

4. Experimental researchesExotic hadrons from heavy ion collisions at RHIC and LHC

ExHIC (Exotics from Heavy Ion Collisions) collaborationS. Cho (Yonsei U.), T. Furumoto (YITP and RIKEN), T. Hyodo (Tokyo Inst. Technology), D. Jido (YITP), C.-M. Ko (Texas A&M U.), S. H. Lee (Yonsei U. and YITP), M. Nielsen (U. de Paulo), A. Ohnishi (YITP), T. Sekihara (YITP and Kyoto U.), K. Yazaki (YITP and RIKEN), S. Y. (KEK)

S. Cho et al. (the ExHIC collaboration), PRL106, 212001 (2011)

4. Experimental researchesYields of exotic hadrons at RHIC and LHC

Normal hadron0.2

1Hadron molecule

Multi-quark

4. Experimental researchesHadron molecule vs. multi-quark

CERN, 2 Dec. 2010 J. Schukraft

4. Experimental researches

CERN, 2 Dec. 2010 J. Schukraft

4. Experimental researches

5. Summary

Heavy quarks have new symmetry and dynamics.

Many exotic heavy hadrons and nuclei.

Searches in e+e-, pp (ppbar) and heavy ion collisions.

Heavy quark symmetryD-D* mixing...

Tcc1

Zb (I=1)DbarN bound and resonance states...