giai chi tiet de thi thpt quoc gia 2015 mon hoa hoc thay do cong binh

GiichititthiTHPTQucGiamnHaHcnm2015

Giovin:CngBnh(0986.073.5130912.004.787)

GIICHITITTHITHPTQUCGIANM2015Mnthi:HAHC

Cu1:Phnngnosauykhngphilphnngoxihakh?A.CaCO3

0t CaO+CO2. B.2KClO30t 2KCl+3O2.

C.2NaOH+Cl2 NaCl+NaClO+H2O. D.4Fe(OH)2+O20t 2Fe2O3+4H2O.

Gi: PhnngAkhngcsthayisoxiha.

Cu2:CuhnhelectroncanguyntnguyntXl1s22s22p63s23p1.ShiunguyntcaXlA.14. B.15. C.13. D.27.

Gi: Z=E=13

Cu3:Luhunhtrongchtnosauyvactnhoxiha,vactnhkh?A.Na2SO4. B.H2SO4. C.SO2. D.H2S.

Gi: CcchtNa2SO4,H2SO4soxihacaSl+6nnchctnhoxihaH2SsoxihacaSl2nnchctnhkhSO2soxihacaSl+4nnvactnhoxihavactnhkh.

Cu4:Trongccionsauy,ionnoctnhoxihamnhnht?

A.Ca2+. B.Ag+. C.Cu2+. D.Zn2+.Gi: Tnhoxiha:Ca2+

GiichititthiTHPTQucGiamnHaHcnm2015

Giovin:CngBnh(0986.073.5130912.004.787)

SthnghimxyraphnnglA.3. B.4. C.2. D.1.

Gi: H2S+Pb(NO3)2 PbS +HNO3CaO+H2O Ca(OH)2Na2CO3+CH3COOH CH3COONa+CO2+H2OCl2+Ca(OH)2 CaOCl2+H2O

Cu11:iukinthng,kimloinosauykhngphnngvinc?A.K. B.Na. C.Ba. D.Be.

Gi: iukinthngthBa,K,NauphnngvinccnBethkhng.Cu12:tchyhontonmgamFetrongkhCl2d,thuc6,5gamFeCl3.Gitrcaml

A.2,24. B.2,80. C.1,12. D.0,56.Gi: mFe=56*6,5/162,5=2,24(gam).

Cu13:Hatanhonton6,5gamZnbngdungdchH2SO4long,thucVltH2(ktc).GitrcaVl

A.2,24. B.3,36. C.1,12. D.4,48.Gi: V=VH2=22,4*6,5/65=2,24(lit).

Cu14:Khhonton4,8gamFe2O3bngCOdnhitcao.Khi lngFe thucsauphnngl

A.3,36gam. B.2,52gam. C.1,68gam. D.1,44gam.Gi: mFe=56*2*4,8/160=3,36(gam).

Cu15:Cho0,5gammtkimloihatrIIphnnghtvidungdchHCld,thuc0,28ltH2(ktc).Kimloil

A.Ba. B.Mg. C.Ca. D.Sr.Gi: Botonetac:2*0,5/M=2*0,28/22,4 M=40(Ca).

Cu16:ChtboltriestecaaxitboviA.ancoletylic. B.ancolmetylic. C.etylenglicol. D.glixerol.

Gi: Chtboltriestecaaxitboviglixerol.

Cu17:Khthinnhincdnglmnhinliuvnguynliuchoccnhmysnxutin,s,m,ancolmetylic,Thnhphnchnhcakhthinnhinlmetan.Cngthcphntcametanl

A.CH4. B.C2H4. C.C2H2. D.C6H6.

Cu18:Xphnghahonton3,7gamHCOOC2H5bngmtlngdungdchNaOHva.Ccndungdchsauphnng,thucmgammuikhan.Gitrcaml

A.5,2. B.3,4. C.3,2. D.4,8.Gi: HCOONacm=68*3,7/74=3,4(gam).

Cu19:Choccphtbiusau:(a)nhitthng,Cu(OH)2tanctrongdungdchglixerol.(b)nhitthng,C2H4phnngcvincbrom.(c)tchyhontonCH3COOCH3thucsmolCO2bngsmolH2O.(d)Glyxin(H2NCH2COOH)phnngcvidungdchNaOH.SphtbiunglA.3. B.4. C.1. D.2.

Gi: nhitthng,Cu(OH)2tanctrongddglixerolvglixerolc3nhmOHlinknhitthng,C2H4phnngcvincbromvC2H4clinktpi

GiichititthiTHPTQucGiamnHaHcnm2015

Giovin:CngBnh(0986.073.5130912.004.787)

tchyhontonCH3COOCH3thucsmolCO2bngsmolH2OvCH3COOCH3lestenonchc

Glyxin(H2NCH2COOH)phnngcviddNaOHvGlyxinchanhmCOOH.

Cu20:Chtnosauythucloiaminbtmt?A.CH3NHCH3. B.(CH3)3N. C.CH3NH2. D.CH3CH2NHCH3.

Gi: CH3NHCH3vCH3CH2NHCH3lccaminbc2(CH3)3Nlaminbc3CH3NH2laminbc1.

Cu21:AminoaxitXtrongphntcmtnhmNH2vmtnhmCOOH.Cho26,7gamXphnngvilngddungdchHCl,thucdungdchcha37,65gammui.CngthccaXl

A.H2N[CH2]4COOH. B.H2N[CH2]2COOH.C.H2N[CH2]3COOH. D.H2NCH2COOH.

Gi: nX=nHCl=(37,6526,7)/36,5=0,3(mol) MX=26,7/0,3=89(gam) ChnB.

Cu22:Trongccchtsauy,chtnocnhitsicaonht?A.CH3CHO. B.CH3CH3. C.CH3COOH. D.CH3CH2OH.

Gi: Nhitsi:CH3CH3

GiichititthiTHPTQucGiamnHaHcnm2015

Giovin:CngBnh(0986.073.5130912.004.787)

60gam 88gam3gam xgamHiusutphnng:2,2*100/x=50%.

Cu29:Chtnosauykhngthyphntrongmitrngaxit?A.Xenluloz. B.Saccaroz. C.Tinhbt. D.Glucoz.

Gi: GlucozlmonosaccaritnnkhngbthyphnXenluloz,tinhbtlpolisaccaritnnbthyphnSaccarozlisaccaritnnbthyphn.

Cu30:Phtbiunosauysai?A.Stctronghemoglobin(huytcut)camu.B.Phnchuacdnglmtrongncc.C.Trongtnhin,cckimloikimchtntidngncht.D.Hpkimlitinhmsiunh,cdngtrongkthuthngkhng.

Gi: Kimloikimhotngmnhnntrongtnhinkhngtntidngkimloitdo(ncht)mtntidnghpcht.

Cu31:Tinhnhccthnghimsauiukinthng:(a)Sckh 2SO vodungdchH2S(b)SckhF2vonc(c)ChoKMnO4vodungdchHClc(d)SckhCO2vodungdchNaOH(e)ChoSivodungdchNaOH(g)ChoNa2SO3vodungdchH2SO4SthnghimcsinhranchtlA.6 B.3 C.5 D.4

Gi: a.SO2+H2S S+H2Ob.F2+H2O HF+O2c.KMnO4+HCl KCl+MnCl2+Cl2+H2Od.CO2+NaOH Na2CO3+H2O(NaHCO3)e.Si+NaOH+H2O Na2SiO3+H2g.Na2SO3+H2SO4 Na2SO4+SO2+H2O

Cu32:Hatan1,12gamFebng300mldungdchHCl0,2M,thucdungdchXvkhH2.ChodungdchAgNO3dvoX,thuckhNO(snphmkhduynhtcaN+5)vmgamktta.Bitccphnngxyrahonton.Gitrcaml

A.10,23 B.8,61 C.7,36 D.9,15Gi: nFe=0,02molnHCl=0,06mol

Fe+2HCl FeCl2+H20,020,040,020,02(mol)DungdchXcha:Fe2+(0,02mol)H+d(0,02mol)Cl(0,06mol)ChoAgNO3dvoddXth:3Fe2++4H++NO3 3Fe3++NO+2H2O0,015 0,02Fe2++Ag+ Fe3++Ag0,005 0,005(mol)Ag++Cl AgCl0,060,06(mol)Suyra:m=mAg+mAgCl=0,005*108+0,06*143,5=9,15gam.

Cu33:AminoaxitXchamtnhmNH2vmtnhmCOOHtrongphnt.YlestecaXviancolncht,MY=89.CngthccaX,Ylnltl

GiichititthiTHPTQucGiamnHaHcnm2015

Giovin:CngBnh(0986.073.5130912.004.787)

A.H2N[CH2]2COOH,H2N[CH2]2COOCH3.B.H2N[CH2]2COOH,H2N[CH2]2COOC2H5.C.H2NCH2COOH,H2NCH2COOC2H5.D.H2NCH2COOH,H2NCH2COOCH3.

Gi: XlH2NRCOOH YlH2NRCOORMY=R+R+60=89 R+R=29 R=14vR=15Suyra:XlH2NCH2COOHYlH2NCH2COOCH3.

Cu34:Bngdiyghilihintngkhilmthnghimviccchtsaudngdungdchnc:X,Y,Z,TvQ

ChtThucth

X Y Z T Q

Qutm khngimu

khngimu

khngimu

khngimu

khngimu

Dung dch AgNO3/NH3, unnh

khngcktta

Ag khngcktta

khngcktta

Ag

Cu(OH)2,lcnh Cu(OH)2khngtan

dungdchxanhlam

dungdchxanhlam

Cu(OH)2khngtan

Cu(OH)2khngtan

Ncbrom kttatrng

khngcktta

khngcktta

khngcktta

khngcktta

CcchtX,Y,Z,TvQlnltlA.Glixerol,glucoz,etylenglicol,metanol,axetanehitB.Phenol,glucoz,glixerol,etanol,anehitfomicC.Anilin,glucoz,glixerol,anehitfomic,metanolD.Fructoz,glucoz,axetanehit,etanol,anehitfomic

Gi: Xtokttatrngviddbrom XlPhenolhocAnilin LoiA,DQtcdngviddAgNO3/NH3,unnhthucAg QlanehitfomicVychnB.

Cu35:Tinhnhccthnghimsau:(a)ChoMgvodungdchFe2(SO4)3d(b)SckhCl2vodungdchFeCl2(c)DnkhH2dquabtCuOnungnng(d)ChoNavodungdchCuSO4d(e)NhitphnAgNO3(g)tFeS2trongkhngkh(h)inphndungdchCuSO4viincctrSaukhiktthcccphnng,sthnghimthuckimloilA.3 B.2 C.4 D.5

Gi: a.Mg+Fe2(SO4)3 MgSO4+FeSO4b.Cl2+FeCl2 FeCl3c.H2+CuO Cu+H2Od.Na+H2O NaOH+H2vNaOH+CuSO4 Na2SO4+Cu(OH)2e.AgNO3 Ag+NO2+O2g.FeS2+O2 Fe2O3+SO2h.CuSO4+H2O Cu+H2SO4+O2Vyccphnngthuckimloil:c,e,h.

Cu36:HnhpXgm2hirocacbonmchh,cthlankan,anken,ankin,ankadien.tchyhontonmtlngX,thucCO2vH2Ocsmolbngnhau,Xkhngthgm

A.ankanvankin B.ankanvankaien C.haianken D.ankanvankenGi: tAnkan:CnH2n+2 nCO2+(n+1)H2O nCO2

GiichititthiTHPTQucGiamnHaHcnm2015

Giovin:CngBnh(0986.073.5130912.004.787)

tAnkinhocAnkaien:CnH2n2 nCO2+(n1)H2O nCO2>nH2ODokhitchyhontonhnhpX,thucCO2vH2OcsmolbngnhauthXkhngthgmankanvanken(vnhththnCO2

GiichititthiTHPTQucGiamnHaHcnm2015

Giovin:CngBnh(0986.073.5130912.004.787)

Cu40:HnhpXgmCaC2xmolvAl4C3ymol.ChomtlngnhXvoH2Ortd,thucdungdchY,hnhpkhZ(C2H2,CH4)vagamkttaAl(OH)3.tchyhtZ,richotonbsnphmvoYc2agamktta.Bitccphnnguxyrahonton.Tlx:ybng

A.3:2 B.4:3 C.1:2 D.5:6Gi: *TN1:

CaC2 Ca(OH)2+C2H22CO2xxx 2x(mol)Al4C3 4Al(OH)3 +3CH43CO2y4y3y3y(mol)Al(OH)3+OH AlO2+2H2O2x2x2x(mol)Suyra:a=78*(4y2x)gam (*)*TN2:CO2+H2O+AlO2 Al(OH)32x 2x 2x(mol)Suyra:2a=78*2x(gam)haya=78x (2*)T(*),(2*)tac:78x=78(4y2x) x:y=4:3.

Cu41:HnhpXgm2chtccngthcphntlC3H12N2O3vC2H8N2O3.Cho3,40gamXphnngvavidungdchNaOH(unnng),thucdungdchYchgmccchtvcv0,04molhnhp2chthucnchc(ulmxanhgiyqutmm).CcnY,thucmgammuikhan.Gitrcaml

A.3,12 B.2,76 C.3,36 D.2,97Gi: C2H5NH3NO3 C2H5NH2+NaNO3

x xx(mol)(CH3NH3)2CO3 2CH3NH2+Na2CO3y2yy(mol)Tac:108x+124y=3,4(g)vx+2y=0,04(mol) x=0,02(mol)y=0,01(mol)Suyra:m=mNaNO3+mNa2CO3=0,02*85+0,01*106=2,76(gam).

Cu42:HnhpTgmhaiancolnchclXvY(Mx

GiichititthiTHPTQucGiamnHaHcnm2015

Giovin:CngBnh(0986.073.5130912.004.787)

Cu43:HnhpXgmhaichthucno,mchh(uchaC,H,O),trongphntmichtchainhmchctrongsccnhmOH,CHO,COOH.ChomgamXphnnghontonvilngddungdchAgNO3trongNH3,thuc4,05gamAgv1,86gammtmuiamonihuc.ChotonblngmuiamonihucnyvodungdchNaOH(d,unnng),thuc0,02molNH3.Gitrcaml

A.1,24 B.2,98 C.1,22 D.1,50Gi: nAg=0,0375(mol)

XtcdngviddAgNO3/NH3thuc1muiamonihuc:RCOONH4:0,02mol(bngsmolkhNH3sinhra)Suyra:RCOONH4=1,86/0,02=93 R=31(gcHOCH2)DohhXcha: HOCH2CHO:0,0375/2=0,01875mol

HOCH2COOH:0,020,01875=0,00125molVy:m=0,01875*60+0,00125*76=1,22gam.

Cu44:XldungdchHClnngxmol/l.YldungdchNa2CO3nngymol/l.Nhtt100mlXvo100mlY,sauccphnngthucV1ltCO2(ktc).Nhtt100mlYvo100mlX,sauphnngthucV2ltCO2(ktc).BittlV1:V2=4:7.Tlx:ybng

A.11:4 B.11:7 C.7:5 D.7:3Gi: *TN1: H++CO32 HCO3

0,1y 0,1y 0,1y (mol)H++HCO3 CO2+H2O

0,1x0,1y 0,1x0,1y 0,1x0,1y (mol)*TN2: 2H+ + CO32 CO2+H2O

0,1x 0,05x 0,05x (mol)Tac:(0,1x0,1y)/0,05x=4/7 x/y=7/5.

Cu45:unhnhpetylenglicolvaxitcacboxylicX(phntchcnhmCOOH)vixctcH2SO4c,thuchnhpsnphmhuc,trongcchthucYmchh.tchyhonton3,95gamYcn4,00gamO2,thucCO2vH2Otheotlmoltngng2:1.BitYccngthcphnttrngvicngthcnginnht,YphnngcviNaOHtheotlmoltngng1:2.Phtbiunosauysai?

A.YthamgiacphnngcngviBr2theotlmoltngng1:2.B.TngsnguynthirotronghaiphntX,Ybng8C.YkhngcphnngtrngbcD.Xcngphnhnhhc

Gi: BotonkhilngiviphnngtchyY(vinCO2=2xnH2O=x)3,95+4=44.2x+18x x=0,075(mol)Suyra:nC=0,15molnH=0,15molnO=0,125molXt:nC:nH:nO=6:6:5 CTPTcaYl:C6H6O5YtcdngviNaOHtl1:2 CTCTcaYl:HCOOCCCOOCH2CH2OHDopnDsai.

Cu46:TinhnhphnngnhitnhmhnhpXgm0,03molCr2O30,04molFeOvamolAl.Saumtthigianphnng,trnu,thuchnhpchtrnY.ChiaYthnhhaiphnbngnhau.Phnmtphnngvavi400mldungdchNaOH0,1M(long).PhnhaiphnngvidungdchHCllong,nng(d),thuc1,12ltkhH2(ktc).Gistrongphnngnhitnhm,Cr2O3chbkhthnhCr.PhntrmkhilngCr2O3phnngl

A.20,00% B.33,33% C.50,00% D.66,67%Gi: Tac:a=nAl(b)=nNaOH=0,04*2=0,08(mol)

2Al+3FeO Al2O3+3Fe0,08/3 0,04 0,04(mol)2Al+Cr2O3 Al2O3+2Cr2x x 2x(mol)

GiichititthiTHPTQucGiamnHaHcnm2015

Giovin:CngBnh(0986.073.5130912.004.787)

2Al+NaOH 3H2 Fe,Cr+NaOH H2y1,5y(mol0,04+2x0,04+2x(mol)Tac:1,5y+0,04+2x=2nH2=0,1(mol)vnAl(b)=0,08/3+2x+y=0,08(mol)Suyra:x=0,02moly=1/75molDo:%(m)Cr2O3p=0,02*100/0,03=66,67%

Cu47:Cho0,7molhnhpTgmhaipeptitmchhlX(xmol)vY(ymol),utobiglyxinvalanin.unnng0,7molTtronglngddungdchNaOHthc3,8molNaOHphnngvthucdungdchchamgammui.Mtkhc,nutchyhontonxmolXhocymolYthuthuccngsmolCO2.BittngsnguyntoxitronghaiphntXvYl13,trongXvYucslinktpeptitkhngnhhn4.Gitrcaml

A.396,6 B.340,8 C.409,2 D.399,4Gi: TheothXvYucslinktpeptitkhngnhhn4nnsmtxchaminoaxit

trongXhocYkhngnhhn5SmtxchaminoaxittrungbnhcaX,Yl:3,8/0,7=5,43SuyraXc5mtxch(c6Oxi)vYc6mtxch(c7Oxi)Tac:nT=x+y=0,7molvnNaOH=5x+6y=3,8mol x=0,4molvy=0,3molGisCtrongX,YlnltlnvmTac:0,4n=0,3m n/m=0,3/0,4=12/16 Xl:(Ala)2(Gly)3vYl(Ala)4(Gly)2Botonkhilng:mmui=331*0,4+416*0,3+40*3,818*0,7=396,6gam.

Cu48:HnhpXgm3estenchc, to thnh tcngmtancolYvi3axit cacboxylic(phntchcnhmCOOH)trong,chaiaxitnolngngktipnhauvmtaxitkhngno(cngphnhnhhc,chamtlinktiC=Ctrongphnt).Thyphnhonton5,88gamXbngdungdchNaOH,thuchnhpmuivmgamancolY.ChomgamYvobnhngNad,sauphnngthuc896mlkh(ktc)vkhilngbnhtng2,48gam.Mtkhc,nutchyhonton5,88gamXththucCO2v3,96gamH2O.PhntrmkhilngcaestekhngnotrongXl

A.38,76% B.40,82% C.34,01% D.29,25%Gi: Xgm3estennnancolYn,ccaxitcngn.

nancolY=2nH2=0,08(mol) n3este=0,08molKhilngbnhNatritng:mancolYmH2=2,48gam mancolY=2,56gamMancolY=2,56/0,08=32gam YlCH3OH

Mtb(3este)=5,88/0,08=73,5gam2estenol:HCOOCH3vCH3COOCH3(v2axitnoktip)

Gicngthcchung2estenolCxH2xO2(2

GiichititthiTHPTQucGiamnHaHcnm2015

Giovin:CngBnh(0986.073.5130912.004.787)

D.Tithiimtgiy,ionM2+chabinphnht.Gi: *TN1:thigianinphnlt(giy)

Anot(+): H2O2e 2H++1/2O24aa(mol)Catot(): M2++2e M

4a(mol)Smole:ne=4a(mol)*TN2:thigianinphnl2t(giy) ne=8a(mol)Anot(+): H2O2e 2H++1/2O28a8a2a(mol)Catot(): M2++2e M3,5a7a(mol)

2H2O+2e 2OH+H2aa2,5a2a(mol)

Cncvo2TNtrn:+DdsauinphnvncnH+nnddsauinphncpH