how to empower community by using gis lecture 2

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地理資訊系統於高中職社區化之應用

How to empower community by using GIS

Lecturer: Yao-hui Wang

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Lecture 2Content And Operation of

ArcGISLecture Outline

1.What is ArcGIS ?

2.Content of ArcCatalog

3.Geographic Data Models in ArcGIS

4.Content of ArcToolbox

5. Practical Section

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What is Arc GIS

• ArcGIS ≠ ArcMap

• ArcGIS ≠ ArcGIS Desktop

Actually ArcGIS is……..

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Source: ESRI, what is ArcGISTM? (2001)

LKSH GIS Society 5That’s what our group always execute previously.

Source: Ibid

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What ArcGIS Desktop Contain

• ArcCatalog

• ArcToolbox

• ArcMap

And sometime you may use….. ArcScene ArcObject Developer Help

Frequently used

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Definitely…Conducting a Project Is Always

The Best Way to Learn GIS

• Use ArcCatalog to find, preview, document, and organize geographic data and create sophisticated geodatabases to store that data

• Use ArcMap to view, edit, and analyze your geographic data

• Use ArcToolbox to deal with Geoprocessing

In a Project, We will:

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The Steps in a GIS Project

• Step 1: Identify Your Objectives

• Step 2: Create a Project Database

• Step 3: Analyze the Data

• Step 4: Present the Results

And What’s Next ?

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Step 1: Identify the Project Objectives

Preface: the city council want to use a GIS model to site a wastewater treatment plant. And you are the selected GIS expert to conduct with this project.

The city council has provided you with a list of the criteria for a suitable site. The parcels chosen for the site must be:

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• Below 365 meters in elevation, to minimize pumping costs

• Outside of the floodplain, to avoid spillage during storms

• Within 1,000 meters of the river, to minimize pipeline construction for treated water that is discharged

• At least 150 meters from residential property and parks, to minimize the impact on the city.s residents

• On vacant land that can be developed, to minimize land acquisition and construction costs

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In addition, to further reduce construction costs, the city would prefer that the site be:

• Within 1,000 meters of the main wastewater junction (within 500 meters is considered even more suitable)

• Within 50 meters of an existing road

• The plant will also require a total of at least 150,000 square meters in area.

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Step 2: Create the Project Database

You need to 1. Assemble the existing data and review it----Check

the criteria and present them by layers

2. Prepare the data for analysis----

Checking data quality (making sure the data is accurate and up-to-date)

Converting data between formats

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Automating data by digitizing, scanning, converting, or geolocating

Defining coordinate systems

Projecting layers to a new coordinate system

Merging adjacent layers

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Step 3: Analyze the Data

OrSource: ESRI, Getting stared with ArcGIS, 1999

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Convert to Raster data

Environmental Criteria 1 Environmental

Criteria 2Environmental Criteria 3

Figure 3Figure 2Figure 1

Multiply

Figure 4

Economic Criteria 1

Economic Criteria 2

Economic Criteria 3

ClassifyFigure 6 Figure 7 Figure 8

Standardise

MCE RoutineUser Weight

Output

Figure 12 Clip

Figure 13

Classify

Operate

Select Clip

Convert to VectorFigure 15

Figure 16

Figure 17

Mask

Mask

Figure 18 Filter

Figure 21

Decision Making

Detail Assessment

Figure 22VIA

Figure 14

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Step 4: Present the Results

Now suppose you are going to present your project at a public meeting you need to consider:

1.Who is your Audience ?

2.What do the equipments you get ?

3.How long would it take ?

4.What kind of problems would they ask ?

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Using ArcCatalog

Source: Michael Zeiler, Modeling our World (1999)

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Source:Ibid

LKSH GIS Society 19Source:Ibid

LKSH GIS Society 20Source:Ibid

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Assembling the database

1. Navigate to the ArcGIS\ArcTutor\Getting_Started folder. Double-click the Getting_Started folder to show its contents.

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2. Copy the folder and save it as a folder in C:\drive or D: \drive

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3. Create a personal geodatabase

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4. Create the City_layers and Analysis folders

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a. Copy the parks feature class from the GreenvalleyDB geodatabase to the your project geodatabase.

5.Adding data to your project folderHere are the steps:

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b. Create the streets layer in the City_layers folder.

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Then in the Save Layer As dialog box, navigate to the City_layers folder in your project folder and name the layer .streets.. Click Save.

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c. Create the flood_zone layer in the City_layers folder.

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At this point, you have created your own project database as the graph.

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Using ArcToolbox

Firstly, the tools can be categorized into 4 groups

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Analysis Tool

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Conversion Tools

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Data Management Tools

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My tools

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Due to the limited time and non-necessary to present all the tools, here we just use data management tools as our practical example.

1. Double click project wizard (shapefiles, geodatabase) as right side.

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2. Choose the shapefile or geodatabase which is you supposed to set up or change the projection.

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3. If the shapefile or geodatabase you choose was set up the projection system before, the warning window would appear. Just click OK or 確定 . Then the wizard will go on

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4. Click the ‘‘next step’’ and the ‘‘Select Coordinate System’’ would appear.

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5. Spatial Reference window would appear and here you can choose to ‘’Select’’ the coordinate systems which are predefined in ArcGIS, ‘’Import’’ a coordinae system from an existing geodataset or create a new coordinate system from the data which is collected by your GPS or field work survey.

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Using ArcMap

Here is today’s assignment.1. Add all the layers into a mxd file.2. Try to convert all the layers into the same data structure.

(e.g all become raster or all become raster), then compare the result with the original dataset.

Most of the members of our society have the idea about how to manipulate ArcMap. However when you are dealing with the analysis or representation, you will get the chance to use ArcToolbox and ArcCatalog. So…..