ibm informix dynamic server 10.0 technical deep diveibm informix dynamic server version 10.00.tc1 --...
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InfoBahn 2005 ; Informix User Conference
®
IBM Informix Dynamic Server 10.0 Technical Deep Dive
Information Management 사업부 / SWG최안나차장 (anchoi@kr.ibm.com)
IBM Software Group | InfoBahn 2005
Agenda
Performance
Administration
Security
Availability
ER & HDR
IBM Software Group | InfoBahn 2005
Performance
Configurable Page size
External Optimizer Directives
Memory to non-PDQ queries
Multiple fragments in single dbspace
Dynamic OPTCOMPIND
PerformancePerformance
IBM Software Group | InfoBahn 2005
Configurable Page Size
Reasons for Configurable Page Size
공간의효율성
larger pages up to 16K bytes contiguous space
최대 key size의증가longer keys up to 3K** bytes
효율적인 I/O Access less I/O operations for data and indices
PerformancePerformance
IBM Software Group | InfoBahn 2005
Configurable Page Size
dbspace생성dbspace생성시페이지크기지정시스템별 default page size의배수로지정하여야하며, 2K 부터16K 까지가능dbspace생성이후변경불가지정한페이지크기와동일한페이지크기를가지는 buffer pool이없다면, dbspace생성시자동으로 create됨.
• 이때 buffer pool의크기는 BUFFERS_DEF에따름
onspaces –c –d dbs –k pgsize –p path -o offset -s size
Buffer pool 생성페이지크기당하나의 buffer pool만생성가능
• 2K default page 시스템 : 최대 16개 buffer pool 생성가능• 4K default page 시스템 : 최대 8개 buffer pool 생성가능
onparams –b –g pgsize –n buffs –r lrus –x max –m min
PerformancePerformance
IBM Software Group | InfoBahn 2005
Configurable Page Size - Example1C:\Program Files\Informix>onstat -b
IBM Informix Dynamic Server Version 10.00.TC1 -- On-Line -- Up 00:04:52 -- 21632 Kbytes
Buffersaddress userthread flgs pagenum memaddr nslots pgflgs xflgs owner waitlist
Buffer pool page size: 4096485 modified, 1000 total, 1024 hash buckets, 4096 buffer size
Buffer pool page size: 81920 modified, 100 total, 128 hash buckets, 8192 buffer size
2K pagesize
8K pagesize
PerformancePerformance
IBM Software Group | InfoBahn 2005
Configurable Page Size – Example2C:\Program Files\Informix>onstat -d
IBM Informix Dynamic Server Version 10.00.TC1 -- On-Line -- Up 00:13:12 -- 21632 Kbytes
Dbspacesaddress number flags fchunk nchunks pgsize flags owner name0C6367E0 1 0x60001 1 1 4096 N B informix rootdbs0CC7FB90 2 0x60001 2 1 8192 N B informix dbs8k2 active, 2047 maximum
Chunksaddress chunk/dbs offset size free bpages flags pathname0C636938 1 1 0 12800 6431 PO-B
C:\IFMXDATA\anna_ifx10\rootdbs_dat.0000CC7FCE8 2 2 0 125 72 PO-B d:\DBSPACE\dbs8k2 active, 32766 maximum
PerformancePerformance
IBM Software Group | InfoBahn 2005
calculate memfor query
yesPDQPRIORITY
set?
allocate128K of mem
no
sort will fit in memory?
sort in memory
yes
sort to disk
no
done
Non-PDQ queries - a problem….PerformancePerformance
IBM Software Group | InfoBahn 2005
Non-PDQ queries - Memory Allocation
9.40.xC4 에서처음추가된기능
non-PDQ query에대해할당할메모리양설정. ORDER BY, GROUP BY, hash joins등작업인경우효과적
ONCONFIG의 DS_QUERY_MEM에설정된값이default가됨.
PerformancePerformance
IBM Software Group | InfoBahn 2005
Storing/Applying External Directives
Optimizer directove를외부에저장, 사용가능
쿼리를재작성하고, application의 recompile 없이바로적용
SQL 구문 ‘SAVE EXTERNAL DIRECTIVES’추가된 system catalog table : sysdirectivessysdirectives에저장됨.환경변수 setting
• IFX_EXTDIRECTIVES
PerformancePerformance
IBM Software Group | InfoBahn 2005
Multiple Table Fragments in Single dbs
하나의 dbspace내에서 fragmentation 가능
관리간소화
성능증가
PerformancePerformance
IBM Software Group | InfoBahn 2005
Dynamic OPTCOMPIND
SET ENVIRONMENT OPTCOMPIND
Session 별로설정됨. (session종료시 default값으로복원)
PerformancePerformance
IBM Software Group | InfoBahn 2005
Administration
ontape
Renaming dbspace
Single user mode
Tblspace tblspace
AdministrationAdministration
IBM Software Group | InfoBahn 2005
ontape use of standard I/O
Tape device, disk file, standard IO 중하나로백업
stdout, stdin지정으로 pipe 사용가능
예>다른 program에서 ontape으로부터 pipe를통해직접받아사용.
HDR 환경에서 secondary server restore시 file이나 disk 없이 ftp를통해바로 restore가능
AdministrationAdministration
IBM Software Group | InfoBahn 2005
Renaming Dbspaces
이미만들어져있는 dbspace에대한이름변경가능
9.40.UC3에처음추가된기능
제한사항
Root dbspace나 log dbspace와같은 critical dbspace의이름변경불가Down chunk를포함한 dbspace이름변경불가onmonitor에서지원안됨.
이름이바뀐 dbspace와 root dbspace에대한 0-level archive필요
HDR primary쪽에서의 dbspace이름변경을 secondary쪽으로복제됨.
AdministrationAdministration
IBM Software Group | InfoBahn 2005
Single User Mode
Informix 계정의 user 만 server에 connect 가능
Quiescent mode에서작업할수없던모든작업가능
사용자의연결을허용하지않는상태에서의 SQL/DDL 작업수행
Utilityoninit –j
onmode –j
onmonitor에서 mode 전환가능
ISA에서도지원
AdministrationAdministration
IBM Software Group | InfoBahn 2005
Managing the Tblspace Tblspace
배경Tblspace tblspace영역때문에 chunk drop이안됨.Dbspace를 drop하거나, oncheck를이용해이동하는작업수행
특징tblspace tblspace의 first/next extent size지정가능next extent를할당할 chunk 선택가능
방법root dbspace초기화시 ( oninit –i )
• Onconfig parameter : TBLTBLFIRST, TBLTBLNEXTdbspace추가시
• Onspaces –c –d dbs1 –p /dev/rdsk1 –o 0 –s 10000 –ef 150 –en 150
AdministrationAdministration
IBM Software Group | InfoBahn 2005
Security
Column level encryption
Secure environment check
PAM Authentication
SecuritySecurity
IBM Software Group | InfoBahn 2005
Column Level Encryption
Built-in SQL 암호화기능지원
128 bit AES and Triple-DES
Password : 128 byte까지가능
Session wide password 관리
View/trigger/SPL 지원
SecuritySecurity
IBM Software Group | InfoBahn 2005
Column Level Encryption : Example
Create tablecreate table customer
(customer_num serial(101),fname char(43), -- encrypted char(15)lname char(43), -- encrypted char(15)company char(87), -- encrypted char(40)address1 char(67), -- encrypted char(30)address2 char(67), -- encrypted char(30)city char(15),state char(2),zipcode char(5),phone char(67), -- encrypted char(18)primary key (customer_num));
Insert dataset encryption password "my password";insert into customer values (101, encrypt_aes("Ludwig"), encrypt_aes("Pauli"),
encrypt_aes("All Sports Supplies"), encrypt_aes("213 Erstwild Court"),encrypt_aes(""), "Sunnyvale", "CA", "94086", encrypt_tdes("408-789-8075"));
SecuritySecurity
IBM Software Group | InfoBahn 2005
Column Level Encryption : Example
QuerySELECT * FROM customer WHERE customer_num = 101customer_num 101fname 0tkn/AAAAEAndSyVxZpHZmA2/mCoJ6uZUHDSQ5I5u3llname 0V6j/AAAAEApupW+hft1mjw2CorFt7P9oWjO6cIjVzscompany 0Mc7/AAAAIAJbjI7Ul6N4oHMgIfh5wGo3559mnm8dIwznU2C+eivERQYUKse1WhoQ==address1 0qVb/AAAAIAXoyVelIDxAWV8MqsX8mTdHDWCpG6A1bjGGgPdYioigDAz3/OdDinHw==address2 0AP//AAAAAAe+M+wFglsPA=city Sunnyvalestate CAzipcode 94086phone 1p1j/AAAAEAA1viBow2uu+7fLLJbEtuMucwiv9q0Mmx
SELECT customer_num, DECRYPT_CHAR(fname, 'my password') as fname,DECRYPT_CHAR(lname, 'my password') as lname FROM customerWHERE customer_num = 101
customer_num 101fname Ludwiglname Pauli
execute function length(encrypt_aes(‘1234-4321-2468-8642', ‘aubergine', ‘favorite vegetable'));
(expression)99
SecuritySecurity
IBM Software Group | InfoBahn 2005
Secure Environment Check
UNIX 환경에서의 server utility 실행시다음을 check$INFORMIXDIR 및하위 directory의권한
• Owner : informix user, group
ONCONFIG file의권한
Owner : informix user, group• Read/Write : 일반사용자 read만가능
sqlhosts file의권한• Owner : informix user, group
$INFORMIXDIR/etc/onconfig.std , $INFORMIXDIR/etc/$ONCONFIG File name의길이
• 256 character 이하
SecuritySecurity
IBM Software Group | InfoBahn 2005
PAM Authentication
PAM – Pluggable Authentication ModulesOS level에서구성되는 authentication 구현가능
Linux, AIX, Solaris, HP-UX 지원
PAM supports challenge-response protocols:• In response to initial authentication request,• PAM issues a challenge,• And waits for response from application.
/usr/lib/security
PAM Modules
/etc/pam/conf
configuration file
login auth required /usr/lib/security/pam_unix.so.1
SecuritySecurity
IBM Software Group | InfoBahn 2005
Availability
Online index create & drop
Point-in-time table level restore
Faster fuzzy checkpoint
AvailabilityAvailability
IBM Software Group | InfoBahn 2005
Online index create & drop
INDEX create, drop 시 exclusive lock을걸지않고작업가능
Create index, drop index 구문에서 lock의사용여부명시
Table에대해사용자가작업중인경우• Create index 작업은완료되나, 변경중인사용자의작업이끝날때까지 index는사용되지않음.
• Drop index 구문은완료되나, drop index 구문이전에 DML문으로index를사용중이던사용자의작업은 index 사용할수있고, index의 drop은유보됨.
AvailabilityAvailability
IBM Software Group | InfoBahn 2005
Point-in-time table level restore
0-level archive로부터 table이나 table의일부분추출가능
추출된 data는다음에저장가능External table다른 server의 table
• Sqlhosts file에 db server가 list되어있으면, server version이나 machine type에관계없음
SQL Driven Distributed Restore (SDDR)
추출된 data에대해 filter 적용가능
Table 컬럼중몇개만추출가능
지원되지않는 data type Extended data type : list, set , multiset, row, distinct, opaqueBuilt in data type : CLOB, BLOB
AvailabilityAvailability
IBM Software Group | InfoBahn 2005
Point-in-time table level restore
Physical Restore0 level archive로부터 data 추출두개의임시 table이생성됨.단계
• Schema command file내의 create table구문으로부터 dbspace list 만듬.− Onbar의경우해당 table이위치하는 dbspace만 scan− Ontape의경우모든 dbspace sccan
• Data page가 restore됨.− Data page부터 row 추출− SQL insert구문이나, unload format으로변환
Logical recovery해당시점까지의 logical log가 replay됨. Logical recovery 구성
• LOG STAGER− Logical log file을읽음− Filter적용으로필요없는 row를걸러냄− Log staging table에필요한 log record를추가함
• LOG APPLIER− Log staging table을읽음− 대상 table에 record 적용
AvailabilityAvailability
IBM Software Group | InfoBahn 2005
Point-in-time table level restore
Schema Command Filedatabase test1;create table tlr (
a_serial serial,b_char char(20)
) in dbspace1;create table tlr_dest (
a_serial serial,b_char char(20)
) in dbspace2;
insert into tlr_dest select * from tlr;
set workspace to dbs1,dbs2;
restore to ‘2003-01-01 01:01:01’;
AvailabilityAvailability
IBM Software Group | InfoBahn 2005
Point-in-time table level restore
Example outputarchecker -bdvsX -f SETUP/setup_basic.cmdAC_STORAGE /tmpAC_MSGPATH /tmp/ac.logAC_VERBOSE onAC_TAPEBLOCK 32 KBAC_PAGESIZE 4096AC_IXBAR /vobs/tristarm/sqldist/etc/Bixbar_olympia.85Dropping old log control tablesExtracting table d1:t1 into d2:t1nExtracting table d1:t2 into d2:t2nScan PASSEDControl page checks PASSEDTable checks PASSEDTable extraction commands 2Tables/fragments found on archive 2LOADED: d2:t2n produced 37 rows.LOADED: d2:t1n produced 36 rows.Creating log control tablesStaging Log 1:14Staging Log 1:15Logically recovered d2:t1n Inserted 602 Deleted 19 Updated 0Logically recovered d2:t2n Inserted 0 Deleted 9 Updated 0
Tables being extracted
Rows extracted from Physical Restore
Logical Recovery Actions
Logical Logs Processed
AvailabilityAvailability
IBM Software Group | InfoBahn 2005
ER & HDR
Resending indexes in HDR
Easier ER Setup: Templates
Automatic switchover of HDR servers (DRAUTO)
Replicate resynch
ER & HDRER & HDR
IBM Software Group | InfoBahn 2005
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