inspeksi dan audit k3
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YK, 2009
TOPIK
Teknis pelaksanaan inspeksi (general inspection & critical part inspection)
Teknis pelaksanaan audit keselamatan kerja
TEKNIS PELAKSANAAN
INSPEKSI
GENERAL INSPEKSI
(INSPEKSI UMUM)
CRITICAL PART
INSPECTION
Definisi
Ruang lingkup
Prosedur pelaksanaan inspeksi
Contoh formulir inspeksi
General Inspection
(Inspeksi Umum)
Inspeksi yang dilakukan terhada keseluruhan area kerja
Perhatian dalam melakukan inspeksi umum
Inspector devote full attention to the inspection
Prepare their eyes to be observant & their minds to
be perspective
Checklist as a guide
Look outside normal eye level
Report finding & recommendation
RUANG LINGKUP GENERAL INSPECTION
SELURUH OBJEK YANG TERLIBAT PADA SUATU KEGIATAN PEKERJAAN.@ Lingkungan/kondisi fisik kerja @ Mesin, fasilitas & peralatan kerja @ Material @ Peralatan & fasilitas penanggulangan kebakaran @ Aspek/bahaya di lingkungan kerja yang berdampak pada
kesehatan @ etc
Waktu pelaksanaan inspeksi
Every day, Every week, 1 per month, 3 times per year.
How high/low the level of the hazard & risk in the workplace?
How about the characteristic of work process, work patterns, facilities ?
PELAKSANA
Pengawas lini
Manajer
Pimpinan
LANGKAH-LANGKAH IMPLEMENTASI
GENERAL INSPECTION
PERSIAPAN
SAAT PELAKSANAAN INSPEKSI
PENYUSUNAN LAPORAN, ANALISA/
REVIEW LAPORAN
PERSIAPAN
Memulai dengan sikap positif
Merencanakan kegiatan inspeksi dengan
@ mendefinisikan area tanggung jawab
@ membuat peta lapangan & daftar peralatan
@ membuat rute observasi
SAAT PELAKSANAAN INSPEKSI
Mengacu pada peta & checklist
Lakukan dengan sikap positif
Buat catatan-catatan yang tidak terdapat di checklist
Berikan & luangkan waktu yang cukup pada objek-objek yang penting
Lihat & amati secara menyeluruh bahkan terhadap objek-objek yang belum atau tidak belum diamati
Ambil tindakan koreksi jika memungkinkan
Gambarkan & lokasikan masing-masing item dengan jelas
Kelompokkan bahaya & risiko
Tentukan penyebab dasar dari penyimpangan yang ada
MEMBUAT LAPORAN
Merupakan ringkasan dari kegiatan inspeksi yang telah dilaksanakan
Laporan diserahkan ke pimpinan di area yang menjadi tanggung jawab
Laporan dapat dibuat duplikasinya kemudian didistribusikan kepada pihak-pihak yang berkepentingan
Laporan tertulis dibuat & disertai dengan klasifikasi penyimpangan yang ditemukan
Laporan disertai dengan tindak lanjut & kelanjutannya dengan inspeksi berikutnya
KRITERIA FORMAT LAPORAN
Mencakup identifikasi seluruh lingkup inspeksi
Mencakup beberapa tindakan yang akan dilakukan, yaitu: observasi terhadap penyimpangan standar yang ada, klasifikasi bahaya & risiko, tindakan koreksi &
rekomendasi, persetujuan dalam pengambilan tindakan koreksi, menentukan tindak lanjut,
Terdapat tempat untuk memberikan feedback atau tanggapan serta review dari manajemen
Sediakan tempat kosong di balik lembar laporan
Inspeksi yang dilakukan terhadap komponen, fasilitas, peralatan yang mempunyai potensi paling besar menyebabkan terjadinya kecelakaan dan kerugian
TUJUAN
Menemukan potensi penyimpangan/bahaya sejak
dini
Mencegah terjadinya kecelakaan yang fatal
berkaitan alat tersebut dalam suatu sistem kerja
tertentu
TEMUAN
1. Kerusakan salah satu komponen peralatan
2. Penggunaan atau pemakaian yang tidak tepat
3. Penyimpangan pada lokasi atau area kritis
4. Prosedur operasi yang rusak
RUANG LINGKUP
MESIN
PERALATAN
MATERIAL
UNIT/AREA/LOKASI
KERJA
CONTOH LINGKUP INSPEKSI
SAFETY DEVICES
GUARDING
ELECTRICAL & MECHANICAL COMPONENT
FIRE EQUIPMENT
EMERGENCY CARE & EQUIPMENT
WAREHOUSE/WORKSHOP
DLL
LANGKAH-LANGKAH PENERAPAN
1. INVENTARIS (RINCIAN) SELURUH PERALATAN, JENIS AKTIFITAS PEKERJAAN, FASILITAS, AREA KERJA
2. MEMBUAT GAMBARAN AREA TANGGUNG JAWAB SETIAP PERALATAN/FASILITAS
3. MENJELASKAN SELURUH BAGIAN PADA ITEM NO. 1
4. MEMBUAT DAFTAR SELURUH BAGIAN YANG KRITIS, DIDAHULUI DENGAN PENILAIAN TINGKAT BAHAYA & RISIKO PADA SETIAP BAGIAN ITEM NO. 3. PENILAIAN INI DIDASARKAN PADA : TINGKAT/KEMUNGKINAN KECELAKAAN, BESARNYA DAMPAK/KONSEKUENSI KECELAKAAN, KONDISI/KEADAAN SAAT INI, TINGKAT KESERINGAN AKTIFITAS/PENGGUNAAN/PENGOPERASIAN ALAT
CRITICAL PART RISK ASSESSMENT FORM
OBJEK : EQUIPMENT / AREA / WORK UNIT
NO. PARTS HAZARD & CONSEQUENCES RESP. PERSONJUDGEMENT
CRITICAL PART
YES NO
Pelaksanaan Audit Tim Pelaksana Audit
Tahapan pelaksanaan audit
Tim pelaksana
Audit are most effective when performed by
qualified professionals who work together and
are focused on clear objective
This includes staff auditors, support staff, senior
auditors, supervisors and managers at both the
regional and headquarters levels
They know ho to perform audits and they
understand the governmental environment.
Tim Audit
Communication
Team meetings
Komunikasi an dalam rangka
pelaksanaan audit
The key effective teamwork is
communication
Team members need to interact for the
team to be effective. The interaction needs
to be timely. Full participation by all team
members is a significant factor in the success
of the audit.
Menentukan ruang lingkup & tujuan
audit yang akan dilakukan
Setting clear, specific objectives the key to efficient government auditing.
Clear objectives :
# provide structure and result and discipline that helps the audit team focus on the expected result and avoid confusion.
# ensure that the audit work will be conducted timely and efficiently and the work will be produce the desired result
Pertemuan persiapan &
pelaksanaan audit
There are three critical points during the process when all team members must fully understand and agree on the audit objectives and finding attributes. They are during the preliminary phase, at the end of the survey phase and the beginning of the reporting phase.
The purposes of the meeting are to exchange information and improve the quality of the audit.
Team members should review each other’s work and serve as sounding boards to work out difficult and complex issues.
The objectives of audits determine the type of audit to be conducted and the audit standards to be followed.
Objectives should be stated in such a way that a response can be given in specific positive terms.
Phrases used to stated the objective are : as questions and to determine statement.
Penentuan Tujuan & Ruang
Lingkup Audit
Objektif Audit yang dilakukan harus
jelas
Accomplishes more with less
Build team identify and a sense of ownership in the audit
Controls and minimize audit risk
Provides tools for the audit team to conduct an effective audit.
Aids in writing report
Provides a logical and documented progression through the phases of the audit
TAHAPAN PELAKSANAAN AUDIT
PRELIMINARY PLANNING
PRE SURVEY
SURVEY
DATA COLLECTION & ANALYSIS
REPORTING
POST ADUIT EVALUATION
PRELIMINARY PLANNING
Identify issue or concern : work plan
Identify staff : form audit team
Team meeting : develop preliminary expectation, definition or staff roles and responsibilitied
Identify audit requirement : preliminary decision, scope and methodology
Identify objectives
Identify type of audit
Contact auditee
Pre-Survey
In the pre-survey phase the audit team determine
: the laws, regulations or guidelines relevant to
the objectives of the audit, identify criteria, meet
the program officials.
SURVEY ACTIVITIES
Focus objectives and identify sub objectives
Coordinated with other auditors
Preliminary review and analysis (preliminary
data & conclusions)
Identify conditions
Team meeting (survey result)
Develop audit program
DATA COLLECTION & ANALYSIS
Activities : collect and analyze information pertaining to objectives. Identify : cause, effect & recommendation.
Product/result : evidence, working paper (schedules, interviews, observations)
Analysis of evidence
Developed findings
SURVEY
The audit survey phases includes steps necessary to assemble information that will enable the audit team to make decisions concerning the nature, timing and extent of detailed audit work.
The survey includes a timely gathering and analysis of information so that potential audit areas can be identified and plans made to review and test management controls aver areas.
REPORTING Team meeting : outline draft report
Write draft report : audit managers review
Independent report review : quality control
Process draft report : draft report to auditee
Process final report : audit comments added
to final report, review, issue final report
Post audit Evaluation
Team meeting: discuss strength and
weaknesses (preliminary planning, survey,
data collection, reporting)
Develop suggestions for improvement : staff
development, audit quality and timeliness,
change policies & procedure.
Identify audit leads .
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