lecture 6 lecture 6 theme: verbs. tenses of verbs. present tense

LECTURE LECTURE 66

Theme: Verbs. Theme: Verbs. Tenses of Verbs. Tenses of Verbs. Present tense.Present tense.

PlanPlan1. Verb.1. Verb. 2. 2. Tenses of Verbs.Tenses of Verbs.3. Speaking practice.3. Speaking practice.

To study - To study - вчитивчити

To sit- To sit- сидітисидіти

To readTo read- читати- читати

To shout To shout - кричати- кричати

To speak - говорити

To buy To buy - купувати- купувати

Tenses of Verbs Tenses of Verbs

Ukrainian verbs have Ukrainian verbs have only three basic tenses: only three basic tenses: present, past, and present, past, and future.future.

Present tensePresent tense

Historically, this is derived from the Historically, this is derived from the Indo-European present tense. In Indo-European present tense. In Common Slavic and later Ukrainian, Common Slavic and later Ukrainian, it retained its present meaning only it retained its present meaning only for imperfective verbs and developed for imperfective verbs and developed a future meaning for perfective a future meaning for perfective verbs.verbs.

The present tenseThe present tense

The present tense.The present tense. Remember that Remember that it's only imperfective verbs that can it's only imperfective verbs that can be in the present tense. be in the present tense.

Example 1:Example 1: обідатиобідати -- to -- to have lunchhave lunch

Я обідаюЯ обідаю I have/am having lunchI have/am having lunchТи обідаєшТи обідаєш You have/are having lunch You have/are having lunch

((informalinformal you) you)Він Він HeHeВона обідаєВона обідає She has/is havingShe has/is havingВоноВоно ItItМи обідаємоМи обідаємо We have/are having lunchWe have/are having lunch Ви обідаєтеВи обідаєте You have/are having You have/are having

lunch lunch (formal and plural you)(formal and plural you)Вони обідаютьВони обідають They have/are having They have/are having

lunchlunch

Example 2:Example 2: писати -- to писати -- to writewrite

Я пишуЯ пишу I write/am I write/am writingwriting

Ти пишешТи пишеш You write/are writing You write/are writing (informal you)(informal you)

ВінВін He He Вона пишеВона пише She writes/ is writing She writes/ is writing ВоноВоно It It Ми пишемоМи пишемо We write/are We write/are

writingwriting Ви пишетеВи пишете You write/are You write/are

writing writing (formal and plural you)(formal and plural you) Вони пишутьВони пишуть They write/are They write/are

writing writing

While the examples above may be While the examples above may be considered to belong to the same considered to belong to the same pattern (it is called "Conjugation 1" in pattern (it is called "Conjugation 1" in grammar books), conjugation 2 verbs grammar books), conjugation 2 verbs have another vowel in their endings. have another vowel in their endings.

Example 3:Example 3: вчитивчити -- to -- to learn/teachlearn/teach

Я вчуЯ вчу I learn/am learningI learn/am learning Ти вчишТи вчиш You learn/are learning You learn/are learning (informal (informal

you)you) ВінВін He He Вона вчитьВона вчить She learns/is learning She learns/is learning ВоноВоно It It Ми вчимоМи вчимо We learn/are learningWe learn/are learning Ви вчитеВи вчите You learn/are learning You learn/are learning

(formal and plural you)(formal and plural you) Вони вчатьВони вчать They learn/are learning They learn/are learning

Example 4:Example 4: стояти -- to стояти -- to standstand

Я стоюЯ стою I stand/am standingI stand/am standing Ти стоїшТи стоїш You stand/are standing You stand/are standing (informal (informal

you)you) ВінВін He He Вона стоїтьВона стоїть She stands/is standing She stands/is standing ВоноВоно It It Ми стоїмоМи стоїмо We stand/are standingWe stand/are standing Ви стоїтеВи стоїте You stand/are standing You stand/are standing

(formal and plural you)(formal and plural you) Вони стоятьВони стоять They stand/are standing They stand/are standing

дати - to giveдати - to give

singularsingular pluralplural

First PersonFirst Person дамдам дамодамо

Second PersonSecond Person дасидаси дастедасте

Third PersonThird Person дастьдасть дадутьдадуть

їсти - to eatїсти - to eat

SingularSingular pluralplural

First PersonFirst Person їмїм їмоїмо

Second PersonSecond Person їсиїси їстеїсте

Third PersonThird Person їстьїсть їдятьїдять

Compounds ending in -Compounds ending in -вістивісти

SingularSingular pluralplural

First PersonFirst Person -вім-вім --вімовімо

Second PersonSecond Person -віси-віси --вістевісте

Third PersonThird Person -вість-вість --відятьвідять

ДЯКУЮ ЗА ДЯКУЮ ЗА УВАГУ!УВАГУ!