microsoft ® office excel ® 2007 ukuqeqesha
Post on 24-Feb-2016
51 Views
Preview:
DESCRIPTION
TRANSCRIPT
Microsoft® Office Excel® 2007 Ukuqeqesha
Yakha ibhuku lakho lokusebenza lokuqala
Okuqukethwe kwekhozi• Ukubuka konke: Kuqalwaphi?
• Isifundo 1: Sikwethulela ibhuku lokusebenza
• Isifundo 2: Faka idatha
• Isifundo 3: Hlela idatha bese ubukeza amakhasi okusebenza
Isifundo ngasinye sibandakanya uhla lwemisebenzi ephakanyiswayo kanye nesethi yemibuzo yokuvivinya.
Ukubuka konke: Kuqalwaphi?
Ucelwe ukuba ufake idatha ku-Excel 2007, kodwa awukaze usebenze nge-Excel. Uqalaphi?
Noma mhlawumbe wake wasebenza nge-Excel kodwa awukakakwazi kahle ukwenza ezinye zezinto ezisemqoka njengokufaka nokuhlela umbhalo nezinamba, noma ukwengeza nokusula amakhalamu nemigqa.
Lapha uzofunda amakhono owadingayo ukuze usebenze nge-Excel, ngokushesha nangaphandle kwemicikilisho.
Izinjongo zekhozi• Yakha ibhuku lokusebenza elisha.
• Faka umbhalo nezinamba.
• Hlela umbhalo nezinamba.
• Shutheka ubuye usule amakhalamu nemigqa.
Isifundo 1
Sikwethulela ibhuku lokusebenza
Sikwethulela ibhuku lokusebenzaUma uqala i-Excel, ubhekene nohlaka olukhulu olungenalutho olwenziwe ngamakhalamu, imigqa, namaseli (cells).
Uma umusha ku-Excel, ungadideka ukuthi yini elandelayo okufanele uyenze.
Ngakhoke le khozi izoqala ngokukusiza ukuthi ukhululeke ngezinto ezithile ze-Excel ezisemqoka ezizokukhombisa indlela uma ufaka idatha kuyo.
I-RibbonIbhande phezulu ewindini le-Excel 2007 kuthiwa yi-Ribbon.
I-Ribbon yenziwe ngama-thebhu ehlukene, iyinye kuwona ihlobene nezinhlobo ezithile zomsebenzi owenziwa ngabantu ku-Excel.
Uqhafaza amathebhu phezulu ku-Ribbon ukuze ubone imiyalo ehlukene kwithebhu ngayinye.
Shutheka
Sula
Ifomathi
Amaseli Ukuhlela
Ekhaya
Hlunga beseUhluza
I-RibbonIthebhu Ekhaya, yokuqala esinxeleni, inemiyalo yansuku zonke esetshenziswa kakhulu ngabantu.
1
2
I-Ribbon yendlaleke phezulu ewindini le-Excel.
Imiyalo ku-Ribbon ihlelwe ngononina nga-Maqembu amancane ahlobene. Isibonelo, imiyalo yokusebenza nokuqukethwe kumaseli iqoqelwe ndawonye eqoqweni Ukuhlela, kanti imiyalo yokusebenza namaseli qobo iseqoqweni Amaseli.
Isithombe sikhombisa imiyalo yethebhu Ekhaya ku-Ribbon.
Shutheka
Sula
Ifomathi
Amaseli Ukuhlela
Hlunga beseUhluza
Ekhaya
Amabhuku okusebenza namakhasi okusebenzaUma uqala i-Excel, uvula ifayela ebizwa ngokuthi ibhuku lokusebenza.
Lelo nalelo bhuku lokusebenza elisha lifika na-makhasi okusebenza amathathu lapho ufaka khona idatha.
1 Ibhuku lokusebenza lokuqala ozolivula kuthiwa Ibhuku1. Lesi hloko sivela kubha ephezulu ewindini uze ugcine ibhuku lokusebenza ngesakho isihloko.
Okukhonjiswe lapha yikhasi lokusebenza elingenalutho ebhukwini lokusebenza elisha.
Nansi indlela.
Ucwecwe1 – Microsoft Excel
Ucwecwe1 Ucwecwe2 Ucwecwe3
Amabhuku okusebenza namakhasi okusebenzaUma uqala i-Excel, uvula ifayela ebizwa ngokuthi ibhuku lokusebenza.
Lelo nalelo bhuku lokusebenza elisha lifika namakhasi okusebenza amathathu lapho ufaka khona idatha.
2 Amathebhu amakhasi avela phansi ewindini. Yisu elihle ukuqamba kabusha amathebhu amakhasi ukwenza ulwazi ekhasini ngalinye luhlonzeke kalula.
Okukhonjiswe lapha yikhasi lokusebenza elingenalutho ebhukwini lokusebenza elisha.
Nansi indlela.
Ucwecwe1 – Microsoft Excel
Ucwecwe1 Ucwecwe2 Ucwecwe3
Amabhuku okusebenza namakhasi okusebenzaUngazibuza futhi ukuthi lakhiwa kanjani ibhuku lokusebenza elisha.
1. Chofoza Ibhathini le-Microsoft Office engxenyeni engenhla esinxeleni sewindi.
Nansi indlela.
2. Chofoza Okusha.
3. Ewindini Ibhuku lokusebenza Elisha, chofoza Ibhuku lokusebenza Elingenalutho.
Ucwecwe1 Ucwecwe2 Ucwecwe3
Ucwecwe1 – Microsoft Excel
Amakhalamu, imigqa namaseliAmakhasi okusebenza ahlukaniswe ngamakhalamu, imigqa namaseli.
Yilona hlaka olubonayo uma uvula ibhuku lokusebenza.
1 Amakhalamu asuka phezulu ehlele phansi ekhasini lokusebenza, ngokubheka phezulu. Ikhalamu ngayinye inesihloko se-alfabhethi phezulu.
Imigqa inqamula ikhasi lokusebenza, ngokuvundla. Umugqa umunye nawo unesihloko. Izihloko zemigqa yizinamba, zisuka ku 1 zifike ku 1,048,576.
2
Amakhalamu, imigqa namaseliAmakhasi okusebenza ahlukaniswe ngamakhalamu, imigqa namaseli.
Yilolu hlaka olubonayo uma uvula ibhuku lokusebenza.
Izihloko eziyi-alfabhethi kumakhalamu nezihloko eziyizinamba emigqeni zikutshela ukuthi ukuphi ekhasini lokusebenza uma uqhafaza iseli.
Izihloko zihlangana zenze ikheli leseli. Isibonelo, iseli esenhlanganweni yekhalamu A nomugqa 3 kuthiwa yiseli A3. Lokhu futhi kuthiwa yi-referensi yeseli.
Amaseli yilapho kungena khona idathaAmaseli yilapho usebenza khona ufake idatha ekhasini lokusebenza.
Isithombe esinxelelni sikhombisa okubonayo uma uvula ibhuku lokusebenza elisha.
Iseli yokuqala ekhoneni elingenhla esinxeleni sekhasi lokusebenza yi seli evuliwe. Inomngcele omnyama, okusho ukuthi noma iyiphi idatha oyifakayo izoya khona.
Amaseli yilapho kuya khona idathaUngafaka idatha noma kuphi lapho uthanda khona ngokuqhafaza noma iyiphi iseli ekhasini lokusebenza ukuze uyikhethe.
Uma ukhetha noma iyiphi iseli, iba yiseli evuliwe. Njengoba kuchaziwe ngenhla, iba nomngcele omnyama.
Izihloko zekhalamu nomugqa lapho kukhona iseli nazo ziyagqanyiswa.
Amaseli yilapho kungena khona idathaUngafaka idatha noma kuphi lapho uthanda khona ngokuqhafaza noma iyiphi iseli ekhasini lokusebenza ukuze uyikhethe.
Isibonelo, uma ukhetha iseli ekukhalamu C emgqeni 5, njengoba kukhonjiswe esithombeni kwesokudla:
1
2
Ikhalamu C iyagqanyiswa.
Umugqa 5 uyagqanyiswa.
Amaseli yilapho kungena khona idathaUngafaka idatha noma kuphi lapho uthanda khona ngokuqhafaza noma iyiphi iseli ekhasini lokusebenza ukuze uyikhethe.
Isibonelo, uma ukhetha iseli kukhalamu C emgqeni 5, njengoba kukhonjiswe esithombeni kwesokudla:
3 Iseli evuliwe, u-C5 lapha, iba nomngcele. Futhi igama layo—nayo eyaziwa ngokuthi irefarensi yeseli—livezwa eBhokisini Legama ekhoneni elingenhla esinxeleni sekhasi lokusebenza.
Amaseli yilapho kungena khona idathaIseli elinomngcele, ikhalamu egqanyisiwe nezihloko zemigqa, kanye nokuvela kwerefarensi yeseli eBhokisini Legama kwenza kube lula kuwena ukuthi ubone ukuthi u-C5 yiseli evuliwe.
Lezi khombisi azibalulekile kangako uma uphezulu ekhasini lokusebenza kumaseli ambalwa okuqala.
Kodwa uma uya ngokuqhubekela ngokwehla noma ngokuvundla ekhasini lokusebenza, zingakusiza ngempela.
Iziphakamiso zokuzilolonga1. Qamba kabusha ithebhu yekhasi lokusebenza.
2. Suka ekhasini lokusebenza uye kwelinye.
3. Ngeza umbala kumathebhu amakhasi okusebenza.
4. Ngeza ubuye usule amakhasi okusebenza.
5. Hlola izihloko zekhalamu bese usebenzisa Ibhokisi Legama.
Isivivinyo 1, umbuzo 1Udinga ibhuku lokusebenza elisha. Ulakha kanjani? (Khetha eyodwa impendulo.)
1. Eqoqweni Amaseli, chofoza Shutheka, bese uqhafaza Shutheka Ikhasi.
2. Chofoza Ibhathini le-Microsoft Office, bese uqhafaza Okusha. Ewindini Ibhuku lokusebenza Elisha, chofoza Ibhuku lokusebenza Elingenalutho.
3. Eqoqweni Amaseli, chofoza Shutheka, bese uqhafaza Ibhuku lokusebenza.
Isivivinyo 1, umbuzo 1: ImpenduloChofoza Ibhathini le-Microsoft Office, bese uqhafaza Okusha. Ewindini Ibhuku lokusebenza Elisha, chofoza Ibhuku lokusebenza Elingenalutho.
Isivivinyo 1, umbuzo 2Ibhokisi Legama liveza okuqukethwe kweseli evuliwe. (Khetha eyodwa impendulo.)
1. Yiqiniso.
2. Yiphutha.
Isivivinyo 1, umbuzo 2: ImpenduloYiphutha.
Ibhokisi Legama likunika irefarensi yeseli evuliwe. Ungasebenzisa futhi iBhokisi Legama ukukhetha iseli, ngokuthayipha ireferensi yaleyo seli ebhokisini.
Isivivinyo 1, umbuzo 3Ekhasini lokusebenza elisha, kufanele uqale ngokuthayipha kuseli A1. (Khetha eyodwa impendulo.)
1. Yiqiniso.
2. Yiphutha.
Isivivinyo 1, umbuzo 3: ImpenduloYiphutha.
Ukhululekile ukuthi uzule futhi uthayiphe noma kuphi lapho uthanda khona. Chofoza kunoma iyiphi iseli bese uqala ukuthayipha. Kodwa ungenzi abafundi bapheqe ukubona idatha ebingaqala nakuseli A1 noma A2.
Isifundo 2
Faka idatha
Faka idathaUngasebenzisa i-Excel ukufaka zonke izinhlobo zedatha, yobuchwepheshe noma eqondene nawe.
Ungafaka izinhlobo ezimbili ezisemqoka zedatha kumaseli amakhasi okusebenza: izinombolo nombhalo.
Ngakhoke ungasebenzisa i-Excel ukwakha amabhajethi, ukusebenza ngezintela, ukurekhoda amabanga noma ukufika esikoleni kwabafundi, noma ukuklelisa imikhiqizo oyidayisayo. Ungaqopha ngisho ukuzivocavoca kwansukuzonke, ulandele ukuncipha kwakho ngesisindo, noma ulandele izindleko zokulungisa umuzi wakho. Ongakwenza empeleni akunamkhawuko.
Manje ake singene ekufakeni idatha.
Amabanga Ezitshudeni
Khetha Umbiko
Izindlelo Zeholidi
Yiba nomusa kubafundi bakho: qala ngezihloko zamakhalamu
Uma ufaka idatha, yisu elihle ukuqala ngokufaka izihloko phezulu kukhalamu ngayinye.
Ngale ndlela, noma wubani ohlanganyela naye ikhasi lakho lokusebenza angaqonda ukuthi isho ukuthini idatha (nawe qobo ungaqonda, kamuva).
Kaningi uzofuna futhi ukufaka nezihloko zemigqa.
A B C D E F1 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008
2Imisebenzi Yokwenza Okungajwayelekile
3
Imnyuziyemu Yesayensi yase-Baldwin
4 I-Contoso
12
Yiba nomusa kubafundi bakho: qala ngezihloko zamakhalamu
Ikhasi lokusebenza esithombeni likhombisa okwenzekayo kwangempela nokulindelekile ngeminyaka ehlukene.
Lisebenzisa izihloko zamakhalamu nezemigqa:
1
2
Izihloko zamakhalamu, phezulu ekhasini lokusebenza, yiminyaka.
Izihloko zemigqa ezehla ohlangothini lwesinxele ngamagama ezinkampani.
A B C D E F1 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008
2Imisebenzi Yokwenza Okungajwayelekile
3
Imnyuziyemu Yesayensi yase-Baldwin
4 I-Contoso
12
Qala ukuthayiphaAke sithi uqamba uhla lwamagama abadayisi.
Lolu hla luzoba futhi nezinsuku zokudayisa, namanani azo.
Ngakhoke uyodinga lezi hloko zamakhalamu: Igama, Usuku, ne-Inani.
A B C D
1 Igama Usuku Inani
2
3
4
5
Qala ukuthayiphaAke sithi uqamba uhla lwamagama abadayisi.
Lolu hla luzoba futhi nezinsuku zokudayisa, namanani azo.
1. Thayipha Igama kuseli A1 bese ucindezela TAB. Bese uthayipha Usuku kuseli B1, cindezela TAB, bese uthayipha Inani kuseli C1.
Isithombe sikhombisa inqubo yokuthayipha ulwazi nokusuka kwiseli uye kwenye:
A B C D
1
2
3
4
5
Igama Usuku Inani
Qala ukuthayiphaAke sithi uqamba uhla lwamagama abadayisi.
Lolu hla luzoba futhi nezinsuku zokudayisa, namanani azo.
2. Emva kokuthayipha izihloko zamakhalamu, chofoza kuseli A2 ukuqala ukuthayipha amagama abadayisi. Thayipha igama lokuqala, bese ucindezela ENTER ukwehlisela okukhethiwe ezansi kekhalamu ngeseli eyodwa kuye kuseli A3. Bese uthayipha igama elilandelayo, njalonjalo.
Isithombe sikhombisa inqubo yokuthayipha ulwazi nokusuka kwiseli uye kwenye:
A B C D
1
2
3
4
5
Igama Usuku Inani
Buchanan
Suyama
Iphikoko
Faka izinsuku nezikhathiI-Excel iqondanisa umbhalo ohlangothini lwesinxele lwamaseli, kodwa iqondanisa izinsuku kwesokudla samaseli.
Ukufaka usuku kukhalamu B, okungeyoSuku, kufanele usebenzise isleshi noma ikhonco (hyphen) ukuhlukanisa izingxenye: 2009/07/16 noma 16-uJulayi-2009. I-Excel izokubona kokubili njengosuku.
A B C D
1
2
3
4
5
Igama Usuku Inani
Buchanan
Suyama
Iphikoko
2009/05/03
2009/06/05
2009/05/05
Faka izinomboloI-Excel iqondanisa izinamba ohlangothini lwesokudla samaseli.
A B C D
1
2
3
4
5
Igama Usuku Inani
Buchanan
Suyama
Iphikoko
2009/05/03
2009/06/05
2009/05/05
5500
6300
4180
• Ukufaka izingcezu, shiya isikhala phakathi kwenamba ephelele nocezu. Isibonelo, 1 1/8.
• Ukufaka ucezu kuphela, faka u-zero kuqala, isibonelo, 0 1/4. Uma ufaka 1/4 ngaphandle kuka-zero, i-Excel izotolika inamba njengosuku, Januwari 4.
• Uma uthayipha (100) ukukhombisa inamba embi ngama-parentheses, i-Excel izoveza inamba njengo -100.
Faka izinombolo Ezinye izinombolo nezindlela zokuzifaka
Iziphakamiso zokuzilolonga
1. Faka idatha ngokusebenzisa u-TAB no-ENTER.
2. Lungisa amaphutha khathi uthayipha.
3. Faka izinsuku nezikhathi.
4. Faka izinombolo.
Isivivinyo 2, umbuzo 1Ukucindezela ENTER kugudlulela okukhethiwe kwiseli elilodwa uma uya kwesokudla. (Khetha eyodwa impendulo.)
1. Yiqiniso.
2. Yiphutha.
Isivivinyo 2, umbuzo 1: ImpenduloYiphutha.
Ukucindezela ENTER kukuyisa ezansi okukhethiwe. Ukucindezela TAB kuhambisa okukhethiwe kwesokudla.
Isivivinyo 2, umbuzo 2Yikuphi kulokhu i-Excel ezokubona njengosuku? (Khetha eyodwa impendulo.)
1. uFebuwari 6 1947.
2. 2,6,47.
3. 2u- uFebuwari -47.
Isivivinyo 2, umbuzo 2: Impendulo2u- uFebuwari -47.
Usebenzisa isleshi noma ikhonco ukwehlukanisa izingxenye zosuku.
Isifundo 3
Hlela idatha bese ubukeza amakhasi okusebenza
Hlela idatha bese ubukeza amakhasi okusebenza
Wonke umuntu uyawenza amaphutha. Ngisho nedatha oyifake ngendlela eyiyo ingadinga ukubukezwa emva kwesikhathi.
Kwesinye isikhathi, lonke ikhasi lokusebenza lidinga ukushintshwa.
Ake sithi udinga ukwengeza enye ikhalamu yedatha, phakathi nendawo yekhasi lakho lokusebenza. Noma ake sithi uklelisa abasebenzi oyedwa ngomugqa, ngokulandela i-alfabhethi—wenzenjani uma uqasha omusha?
Lesi fundo sikukhombisa ukuthi kulula kanjani ukuhlela idatha, wengeze futhi usule amakhalamu nemigqa kwekhasi lokusebenza.
Shutheka Ikhalamu
Hlela Idatha
Shutheka Umugqa
13256123456
Hlela idathaAke sithi ubufuna ukufaka 5400 kuseli A2, kodwa wafaka 4500 ngephutha.
Uma usulibonile iphutha, zimbili izindlela zokulilungisa.
1
2
3
Chofoza kabili iseli ukuhlela idatha ekulona.
Noma, emva kokuqhafaza kwiseli, hlela idatha kwiBha yeFomula.
Emva kokukhetha iseli nganoma iyiphi indlela, ikhasi lokusebenza lithi Hlela kwibha yomumo ekhoneni elingezansi esinxeleni.
2007 2008 20094500
Hlela
4500
2700 3900
Hlela idathaYimuphi umehluko phakathi kwalezi ndlela ezimbili?
Nansi indlela ongenza ngayo izinguquko kunoma iyiphi indawo:
• Sula izinhlamvu noma izinamba ngokucindezela BACKSPACE noma ngokuzikhetha bese ucindezela DELETE.
• Hlela izinhlamvu noma izinamba ngokuzikhetha bese uthayipha okunye okuhlukile.
Ukusizakala kwakho. Ungathola ukuthi kulula ukusebenza neBha Yefomula, noma neseli uqobo.
2007 2008 20094500
Hlela
4500
2700 3900
Hlela idatha
Nansi indlela ongenza ngayo izinguquko kunoma iyiphi indawo:
• Shutheka izinhlamvu noma izinamba ezintsha kudatha yeseli ngokubeka isikhombisi bese uyathayipha.
Yimuphi umehluko phakathi kwalezi ndlela ezimbili?
Ukusizakala kwakho. Ungathola ukuthi kulula ukusebenza neBha Yefomula, noma neseli uqobo.
2007 2008 20094500
Hlela
4500
2700 3900
Hlela idatha
Noma ngabe wenzani, uma usuqedile, khumbula ukucindezela ENTER noma TAB ukuze izinguquko zakho zihlale kwiseli.
Yimuphi umehluko phakathi kwalezi ndlela ezimbili?
Ukusizakala kwakho. Ungathola ukuthi kulula ukusebenza neBha Yefomula, noma neseli uqobo.
2007 2008 20095400
Hlela
5400
2700 3900
Susa ukufomathwa kwedathaMangala! Kukhona omunye osebenzise ikhasi lakho lokusebenza, wagcwalisa idatha ethile, wenza inamba kuseli B6 yagqama futhi yaba bomvu ekhombisa ukuthi u 2008 wawunevolumu ephansi kunayoyonke.
Kodwa leya volumu isishintshile.
Ufuna ukulungisa le simo.
Ekhaya
Sula Amafomathi
A B
A B
A B
2007 2008
2007 2008
2007 2008
5400
5400
5400
2700
4000
Sula Konke
Susa ukufomathwa kwedatha
1
2
3
Inamba yasekuqaleni yafomathwa yagqama futhi yabomvu.
Ngakhoke usula inamba.
Ufaka inamba entsha. Kodwa ilokhu igqamile futhi ibomvu! Kwenzekani?
Njengoba isithombe sikhombisa:
Ekhaya
Sula Amafomathi
A B
A B
A B
2007 2008
2007 2008
2007 2008
5400
5400
5400
2700
4000
Mangala! Kukhona omunye osebenzise ikhasi lakho lokusebenza, wagcwalisa idatha ethile, wenza inamba kuseli B6 yagqama futhi yaba bomvu ekhombisa ukuthi u 2008 wawunevolumu ephansi kunayoyonke.
Sula Konke
Susa ukufomathwa kwedathaOkwenzekayo wukuthi iseli qobo ifomathiwe, hhayi idatha ekulona.
Ngakhoke uma usula idatha enefomathi eyisipesheli, udinga futhi ukusula ifomathi kuseli.
Kuze kube wenze njalo, noma iyiphi idatha oyifaka kuleyo seli izoba nefomathi eyisipesheli.
Ekhaya
Sula Amafomathi
A B
A B
A B
2007 2008
2007 2008
2007 2008
5400
5400
5400
2700
4000
Sula Konke
Susa ukufomathwa kwedathaNansi indlela yokususa ifomathi.
1. Chofoza kuthebhu yeseli, nethi Ekhaya, eqoqweni elithi Ukuhlela, chofoza umcibisholo ku Sula .
2. Chofoza Sula Amafomathi, okususa ifomathi kwiseli. Noma ungaqhafaza Sula Konke ukususa idatha nefomathi kanyekanye.
Ekhaya
Sula Amafomathi
A B
A B
A B
2007 2008
2007 2008
2007 2008
5400
5400
5400
2700
4000
Sula Konke
Shutheka ikhalamu noma umugqaEmva kokufaka idatha, ungathola ukuthi udinga ukwengeza amakhalamu noma imigqa ezomumatha ulwazi olwengeziwe.
Ngabe udinga ukuqala phansi? Cha.
Ukushutheka ikhalamu eyodwa:
1. Chofoza noma iyiphi iseli kukhalamu ngakwesokudla ngqo salapho ofuna iye khona ikhalamu.
2. Kwithebhu ethi Ekhaya, eqoqweni Amaseli, chofoza umcibisholo ku Shutheka. Kwimenyu eyehlayo, chofoza Shutheka Amakhalamu Ekhasi. Ikhalamu entsha engenalutho iyashuthekwa.
Shutheka
Shutheka Amaseli...
Shutheka Imigqa
Shutheka Amakhalamu
Shutheka Ikhasi
Shutheka ikhalamu noma umugqaEmva kokufaka idatha, ungathola ukuthi udinga ukwengeza amakhalamu noma imigqa ezomumatha ulwazi olwengeziwe.
Ngabe udinga ukuqala phansi? Cha.
Ukushutheka umugqa owodwa:
1. Chofoza noma iyiphi iseli emgqeni ngezansi ngqo kwalapho ofuna ukufaka umugqa omusha.
2. Eqoqweni elithi Amaseli, chofoza umcibisholo ku Shutheka. Kwimenyu eyehlayo, chofoza Shutheka Imigqa Yekhasi. Umugqa omusha ongenalutho uyashuthekwa.
Shutheka
Shutheka Amaseli...
Shutheka Imigqa
Shutheka Amakhalamu
Shutheka Ikhasi
Iziphakamiso zokuzilolonga1. Hlela idatha.
2. Sula ifomathi kuseli.
3. Sebenza kumodi yokuHlela.
4. Faka ubuye usule amakhalamu nemigqa.
Isivivinyo 3, umbuzo 1Yini oyenza kuqala ukuze usule ifomathi yeseli? (Khetha eyodwa impendulo.)
1. Sula okuqukethwe kuseli.
2. Chofoza Fomathaeqoqweni Amaseli kuthebhu Ekhaya.
3. Chofoza Sulaeqoqweni Ukuhlela kuthebhu Ekhaya.
Isivivinyo 3, umbuzo 1: ImpenduloChofoza Sulaeqoqweni Ukuhlela kuthebhu Ekhaya.
Bese uqhafaza Sula Amafomathi.
Isivivinyo 3, umbuzo 2Ukwengeza ikhalamu, chofoza iseli kukhalamu kwesokudla salapho ofuna khona ikhalamu entsha. (Khetha eyodwa impendulo.)
1. Yiqiniso.
2. Yiphutha.
Isivivinyo 3, umbuzo 2: ImpenduloYiqiniso.
Bese kuthebhu Ekhaya, eqoqweni Amaseli, chofoza umcibisholo ku Shutheka, bese uqhafaza Shutheka Amakhalamu Ekhasi ukushutheka ikhalamu.
Isivivinyo 3, umbuzo 3Ukwengeza umugqa omusha, chofoza kuseli engenhla ngqo kwalapho ofuna khona umugqa omusha. (Khetha eyodwa impendulo.)
1. Yiqiniso.
2. Yiphutha.
Isivivinyo 3, umbuzo 3: ImpenduloYiphutha.
Esikhundleni salokho, uqhafaza noma iyiphi iseli emgqeni ngqo ngezansi kwalapho ofuna khona umugqa omusha.
top related