mna env strategy
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LA DURABILITENVIRONNEMENTALE DANS LARGION MOYEN-ORIENT ET
AFRIQUE DU NORD
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Environmental Sustainability ???
Ensuring that the overall productivity ofaccumulated human and physical capital
resulting from development actions more thancompensates for the direct or indirect loss or
degradation of the environment.
Goal 7 of the U.N. Millennium Development
Goals specifically refers to this as integratingthe principles of sustainable development into
country policies and programs and reversing
loss of environmental resources.
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MNA Environmental Issuesare QUALITATIVELY known
Two Categories of Environmental Issues:
Traditional and Long-LastingWater quality and scarcitySoil degradation and desertification
Urban, industrial and transport pollution
Weak institutional and legal framework
Emerging IssuesClimate Change
Globalization including Free Trade
Finance and Privatization
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How Can Environment Sustainability be Measured:
Environment Performance Index (EPI) ?
The Environmental Performance Index offers a composite index ofcurrent national environmental protection efforts. The evaluation wasconducted by Yale University and Columbia University in collaborationwith World Economic Forum and Joint Research Center of the EuropeanCommission.
The EPI builds on measures relevant to two core objectives:
reducing environmental stresses to human health (the EnvironmentalHealth objective); and
protecting ecosystems and natural resources (the Ecosystem Vitalityobjective).
The data matrix covers 149 countries for which an EPI can be calculatedacross the 25 indicators.
Source: 2008 Environmental Performance Index
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How is EPI evaluated?
EPI
Index Objectives PolicyCategories
Indicators
EnvironmentalHealth
EnvironmentalBurden of
Disease
Water(Effects on
Human)
Air Pollution(Effects on
Human)
Environmental Burden of Disease
Adequate Sanitation
Drinking Water
Indoor Air Pollution
Urban Particulate
Local Ozone
Source: 2008 Environmental Performance Index
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EPI 2008 rankingCountry Score
1 Switzerland 95.5
2 Sweden 93.1
3 Norway 93.1
4 Finland 91.4
5 Costa Rica 90.5
6 Austria 89.4
7 New Zealand 88.9
8 Latvia 88.8
9 Colombia 88.310 France 87.8
Country Score
50
59 Tunisia 78.1
66 Algeria 77.0
67 Iran 76.9
70 Jordan 76.5
71 Egypt 76.3
Country Score
99 Syria 68.2
100 Mongolia 68.1
139 Djibouti 50.5140 Guinea-Bissau 49.7
141 Yemen 49.7
149 Niger 39.1
Source: 2008 Environmental Performance Index
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Environmental strategicobjectives 2001-2005
Improving natural resources
management; Arresting emerging pollution problems;
and
Strengthening environmentalinstitutions and increasing public
participation.
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Strategic Priorities and Actions2001-2005
1. improving water resource management;
2. controlling land, coastal zones and natural habitats
degradation;3. reducing urban pollution;
4. strengthening the capacities of environmental institutions,local communities and NGOs;
5. strengthening the capacity of the private sector;
6. continuing the support for regional initiatives;
7. integrating global environmental issues into the Banksoperations.
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Last decade - evolutionary period for MENA in
terms of environmental achievement (where weare)
Population doubled by 2050 on a yet
shrinking/degrading natural resource base (problem
which needs solutions)
Evolved Client Needs: Bank strategic themes,Climate Change, and rapidly growing private sector
(new opportunities)
Current Strategic context
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External developments
Climate Change:
increased awareness and consensus;
Climate Investment Funds;
upcoming Copenhagen Conference to approve new CC framework;
new directions in US with more likely action on CC
Regional Seas:
reenergizing of the Barcelona convention process through the launching of the Union forthe Mediterranean;
political interest in Marseille office;
increased concern in the Gulf with very high levels of pollution and vulnerability of
infrastructure (e.g. desalination) and tourism to it;
reduction in level of Dead Sea;
depletion and degradation of Caspian, Red Sea and Gulf of Aden fisheries and coastal zones
no business with Iran, Sudan and Somalia and difficulties to engage with Syria
Deserts
Multi convention interest: Climate, Desertification and Biodiversity
Synergies on the mitigation and adaptation agenda coupled with land degradation
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MNSSD ENV
Priorities Priority 2: New or improved mechanisms to
sustain natural resources and reverseenvironment degradation of regional and
transboundary ecosystems , while developinggreen business opportunities for MNA clients Rationale
MNAs regional seas are being degraded at an increasedspeed and there is little awareness of the implicationsand weak governance to address them
MNAS deserts will be targeted to exploit the fullpotential from ecosystem services, social and economicopportunities
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MNSSD ENV
Priorities Priority 1: Enhance capacity to manage public
goods and address both adaptation to andmitigation of climate change through accessto Climate Investment Funds, GEF, etc
Rationale:
(i) MNA very vulnerable to climate change and
needs for adaptation are critical(ii) MNA is an energy intensive region and urgent
need to improve energy efficiency and developrenewable energy
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MNSSD ENV
Milestones Climate Change
Strategic plans to access CIF funds (CTF andResilience) under way;
Climate Change concerns and opportunitiesintroduced in CAS of more vulnerable countries(Tunisia and Morocco)
Mechanisms to coordinate CC activitiesestablished in Morocco and Yemen
Study identifying marginal costs of abatementcompleted
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MNSSD ENV
Milestones Regional Seas Sustainable Med program launched and established in
Marseille and consultations regarding governance
structure carried out Study on Costs of Environment Degradation in the
Gulf initiated
Coastal zone management and transboundarypollution issues analyzed in Morocco and Yemen, andinterventions identified
Deserts Tunisia CN, and RTA for Algeria underway in FY10
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Environmental Bank Instruments Regional Seas:
Technical Assistance: Sustainable Med and GEPAP approved; GEF PIFsfor Sust Med approved and program launched in Marseille
IBRD lending and IDA concessionary lending (Yemen and Djibouti) :Egypt Lake Mariut Approved; Yemen Coastal Zones initiated
Advisory Analytical Activities (AAA): Gulf Environment degradation
study initiated; Air Quality in Cairo; CEA for Lebanon completed and forMorocco initiated
Deserts
Reimbursable Technical Assistnace launched for Algeria
Lending and Carbon Finance: Tunisia
Hazardous Waste Management
GEF/Persistent Organic Pollutants Projects in Lebanon
and Tunisia
Climate Investment Funds
Clean Technology Fund: Egypt
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Development of newcollaborative programs under
the Reimbursable Technical
Assistance (RTA) scheme.
Examples of such activitiesinclude:
-Eco-tourism and desertprotected areas
- Land-use planning- Blended solid waste andcarbon finance operations(with urban dept)
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Supporting Inclusiveand Sustainable
Growth
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