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Modul Kecemerlangan Akademik SPM 2014 1
JABATAN PELAJARAN MELAKA
____________________________________________________________
PROGRAM KECEMERLANGAN AKADEMIK
SIJIL PELAJARAN MALAYSIA 2014
CHEMISTRY
MODUL KUMPULAN CEMERLANG
Modul soalan ini mengandungi 33 halaman bercetak
Modul Kecemerlangan Akademik SPM 2014 2
MODULE 1
SECTION A
1 Figure 1 shows the graph temperature against time of solid substance X when heated. Substance
X is an organic compound and flammable.
Rajah 1 menunjukkan graf suhu melawan masa bagi suatu bahan pepejal X apabila dipanaskan.
Bahan X ialah sebatian organic dan mudah terbakar.
GRAPH 1
(a) Draw a diagram of the set-up of the apparatus used to determine the melting point of substance X.
Lukiskan rajah susunan radas yang digunakan untuk menentukan takat lebur bahan X.
[ 2 marks]
(b) (i) State the melting point of substance X
Nyatakan takat lebur bahan X
.................................................................................................................................. ……….
[ 1 mark]
Temperature / 0C
Time/s
80
30 360
P
Q R
S
Modul Kecemerlangan Akademik SPM 2014 3
(ii) What is the state of matter of substance X at :
Apakah keadaan jirim bahan X pada:
PQ : ................................................................................................................................
RS : ...............................................................................................................................
[ 2 marks]
(iii) Explain why the temperature remains constant from Q to R?
Terangkan mengapa suhu kekal tetap dari Q dan R ?
.........................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
[ 2 marks]
(iv) State how the movement of substance X particles changes between R and S
during heating.
Nyatakan bagaimana pergerakan zarah bahan X berubah antara R dan S semasa
pemanasan.
…………………………………………………………………………………………………..
[ 1 mark]
(c) If substance X cooled to the room temperature without stirring, draw the graph of temperature
against time obtained.
Jika bahan X disejukkan pada suhu bilik tanpa memgacaunya, lukiskan graf suhu melawan masa
yang diperolehi.
[ 2 marks]
(d) Predict the substance X
Ramalkan bahan X
................................................................................................................................................
[ 1 mark]
Modul Kecemerlangan Akademik SPM 2014 4
2 Lactic acid is an acid produced in milk by bacteria, causes a sour taste. Table 2 shows the
percentage composition by mass of each element in lactic acid.
Asid laktik ialah asid yang dihasilkan dalam susu oleh bacteria, menyebabkan rasa masam.
Jadual 2 menunjukkan peratus komposisi mengikut jisim bagi setiap unsur dalam asid laktik.
Element
Unsur
Percentage
Peratus
Carbon 40.00
Hydrogen 6.67
Oxygen 53.33
TABLE 2
(a) Based on the information above, calculate the empirical formula of lactic acid.
Berdasarkan maklumat di atas, tentukan formula empirik asid laktik.
[Relative atomic mass : H = 1 ; C = 12 ; O = 16 ]
[ 3 marks]
(b) Relative molecular mass of lactic acid is 90. Determine the molecular formula of lactic acid.
Jisim molekul relatif bagi asid laktik ialah 90. Tentukan formula molekul bagi asid laktik.
[ 2 marks]
(c) Calculate the number of hydrogen atom in 1 mol of lactic acid?
Hitungkan bilangan atom hidrogen dalam 1 mol asid laktik ?
[ NA = 6.02 × 10 23
]
[ 1 mark]
(d) Calculate the number of moles of 4.5 g lactic acid.
Hitungkan bilangan mol dalam 4.5 g asid laktik
[Relative atomic mass : H = 1 ; C = 12 ; O = 16 ]
[ 1 mark]
Modul Kecemerlangan Akademik SPM 2014 5
(e) Vinegar or ethanoic acid has a similar empirical formula with lactic acid.
Cuka atau asid ethanoik mempunyai formula empirik yang sama dengan asid laktik
(i) Given that three molecules of ethanoic acid have the same mass as two molecules of lactic
acid. What is the relative molecular mass of ethanoic acid?
Diberi tiga molekul asid ethanoik mempunyai jisim yang sama dengan dua molekul asid
laktik. Apakah jisim molekul relatif asid ethanoik.
[ 1 mark]
(ii) Determine the molecular formula of ethanoic acid.
Tentukan formula molekul asid ethanoik.
[ 2 marks]
3 Table 3 shows formula of four ions.
Jadual 3 menunjukkan formula bagi empat ion.
Name of ions
Nama ion
Silver ion
Ion argentum
Zinc ion
Ion zink
Nitrate ion
Ion nitrat
Chloride ion
Ion klorida
Formula of ions
Formula ion Ag
+ Zn
2+ NO3
- Cl
-
TABLE 3
(a) Write the formulae for each compound below :
Tuliskan formula bagi setiap sebatian di bawah:
(i) Silver nitrate / Argentum nitrat : ............................................................................
(ii) Zinc chloride / Zink klorida : ............................................................................
(iii) Silver chloride / argentums klorida : ............................................................................
(iv) Zinc nitrate / Zink nitrat : ............................................................................
[2 marks]
(b) When silver nitrate solution is added to zinc chloride solution, white precipitate, silver chloride
and zinc nitrate solution are formed.
Apabila larutan argentum nitrat ditambah kepada larutan zink klorida, pepejal putih, argentum
klorida dan larutan zink nitrat terbentuk.
(i) Identify the reactants and products of the reaction.
Kenal pasti bahan tindak balas dan hasil tindak balas dalam tindak balas ini.
Reactants/ Bahan tindak balas : ................................................................................
Products / Hasil tindak balas : ..................................................................................
[2 marks]
Modul Kecemerlangan Akademik SPM 2014 6
(ii) Write the chemical equation for the reaction occurs in (b).
Tuliskan persamaan kimia bagi tindak balas di (b)
.......................................................................................................................................
[1 mark]
(c) The following equation shows the decomposition of silver nitrate by heat.
Persamaan kimia berikut menunjukkan penguraian argentum nitrat oleh haba.
2AgNO3 2Ag + 2NO2 + O2
If 85.0 g of silver nitrate is heated completely, calculate :
Jika 85.0 g argentum nitrat dipanaskan lengkap, hitungkan :
(i) the mass of silver formed.
jisim argentums yang terbentuk.
[ Relative atomic mass : N =14; O = 16; Ag =108 ]
[ 3 marks]
(ii) the volume of oxygen gas formed at room conditions.
isipadu oksigen yang terbentuk pada keadaan bilik.
[ Molar volume : 24 dm3 at room conditions]
[ 2 mark
Modul Kecemerlangan Akademik SPM 2014 7
SECTION B
4 (a) Matter is made up of tiny and discrete particles.
Jirim terdiri daripada zarah yang halus dan diskrit.
(i) What is meant by matter?
Apakah yang dimaksudkan dengan jirim ?
[ 1 mark]
(ii) State three types of particle that made up matter.
Nyatakan tiga jenis zarah yang membina jirim.
[ 3 marks]
(b)
Based on the above situation, explain what happen refering to the kinetic theory of matter.
Berdasarkan situasi di atas, terangkan apa yang berlaku berdasarkan teori kinetic jirim.
[ 2 marks]
(c) (i) Describe the experiment to determine the freezing point or the melting point of naphthalene
Huraikan eksperimen bagi menentukan takat beku atau takat lebur bagi naftalena.
(ii) Draw a labelled diagram of the experiment.
Lukiskan gambarajah berlabel bagi eksperimen itu.
[ 14 marks]
5 (a) What is meant by the empirical formula ?
Apakah yang dimaksudkan dengan formula empirik ?
[ 1 mark]
(b)
The colour of oxide M is green
Warna oksida M ialah hijau
Metal M is grey
Logam M berwarna kelabu
Oxide M can be reduced to metal M when heated with hydrogen
Oksida M boleh diturunkan kepada logam M apabila dipanaskan
dengan hidrogen
(i) Draw the labelled diagram of the experiment.
Lukiskan gambarajah berlabel bagi ekperimen ini.
(ii) Describe the experiment conducted to determine the empirical formula of oxide M.
State the observation and precuationary steps taken in your experiment. Also show all the
calculation steps to get the empirical formula.
Huraikan satu ekperimen bagi menentukan formula empirik oksida M.
Nyatakan pemerhatian dan langkah berjaga-jaga yang perlu diambil.
Tunjukkan juga langkah-langkah pengiraan bagi mendapatkan formula empirik
tersebut.
You are shopping at the 2nd
floor of the shopping mall.
Suddenly you smell the delicious aroma of cookies being bake.
When you look down, there is the Famous Amos Cookies stall
on the first floor.
Anda membeli belah di tingkat dua bangunan pusat membeli
belah. Tiba-tiba anda terhidu aroma yang lazat biskut yang
sedang dibakar. Apabila anda menoleh ke bawah, terdapat
kedai biskut ‘Famous Amos’ di tingkat pertama.
Modul Kecemerlangan Akademik SPM 2014 8
(iii) Write the chemical equation of the reaction.
Tuliskan persamaan kimia bagi tindak balas itu.
[ Relative atomic mass : O = 16 ; metal M = 24 ]
[ 16 marks]
(c) The empirical formula of oxide M cannot be determine by heating oxide M with magnesium.
Explain why?
Formula empirik bagi oksida M tidak dapat ditentukan dengan cara memanaskan oksida M
dengan magnesium. Terangkan mengapa ?
[ 3 marks]
Modul Kecemerlangan Akademik SPM 2014 9
MODULE 2
SECTION A
1. Table 1 shows three elements , M, N and Q and their proton number and nucleon number
respectively.
Jadual 1 menunjukkan tiga unsur, M, N dan Q dan nombor proton serta nombor nukleon
masing-masing.
Table 1
(a) State the nucleon number of Q if the number of neutron is 20.
Nyatakan nombor nukleon bagi Q jika bilangan neutron ialah 20.
……………………………………………………………………………….
[ 1 mark ]
(b) (i) What is the number of electron in an atom M?
Apakah bilangan elektron bagi atom M?
....…………………………………………………………………………..
[ 1 mark ]
(ii) Write the electron arrangement for atom N.
Tuliskan susunan elektron bagi atom N
……………………………………………………………………………..
[ 1 mark ]
(iii) State the group of the above elements in periodic table ?
Nyatakan kumpulan bagi unsur-unsur di atas dalam jadual berkala ?
…………………………………………………………………………….
[ 1 mark ]
(c ) State two physical properties of the elements above.
Nyatakan dua sifat fizik bagi unsure-unsur di atas.
……………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………….
[ 2 marks ]
(d) In an experiment , an element M was burnt and put into a gas jar of chlorine gas. The
experiment was repeated by using an element N.
Dalam satu eksperimen, unsur M dibakar dan diletakkan ke dalam balang gas yang berisi
gas klorin. Eksperimen diulangi menggunakan unsur N.
(i) Write the equation for the reaction between element M and chlorine gas.
Tuliskan persamaan kimia bagi tindak balas unsur M dan gas klorin.
…………………………………………………………………………..
[ 1 mark ]
Element
Unsur
Proton number
Nombor proton
Nucleon number
Nombor nukleon
M 3 7
N 11 23
Q 19 -
Modul Kecemerlangan Akademik SPM 2014 10
(ii) Compare the reactivity of reaction between element M and element N with
chlorine gas. Explain your answer.
Bandingkan kereaktifan tindak balas antara unsur M dan unsur N dengan
klorin. Terangkan jawapan anda.
………………………………………………………………………………
……………….………………………………………………………………
[ 3 marks ]
2. Figure 2 shows part of the Periodic Table of Elements. 1, 2, 3 … 18 represent proton number.
Rajah 2 menunjukkan sebahagian daripada Jadual Berkala Unsur. 1, 2, 3 … 18 mewakili
nombor proton.
1
2
3
4 5 6 7 8 9 10
11
12 13 14 15 16 17 18
Figure 2
(a) P and R react to form a compound.
P dan Q bertindak balas membentuk sebatian.
. (i) State the type of compound formed.
Nyatakan jenis sebatian yang terbentuk.
……………………………………………………………………………….
[ 1 mark ]
(ii) Draw the electron arrangement for the compound formed.
Lukiskan susunan elektron bagi sebatian yang terbentuk.
[ 2 marks ]
(iii) Write the chemical equation for the reaction between P and R.
Tuliskan persamaan kimia bagi tindak balas antara P dan R.
………………………………………………………………………………
[ 1 mark ]
(iv) The compound formed can conduct electricity in aqueous and molten state.
Explain why?
Sebatian yang terbentuk boleh mengkonduksikan elektrik dalam keadaan larutan
dan leburan. Terangkan mengapa ?
…………………………………………………………………………………
[ 1 mark ]
P R
Q
Modul Kecemerlangan Akademik SPM 2014 11
(b) Q and R also react to form a compound.
Q dan R juga bertindak balas membentuk sebatian.
(i) State the type of bond formed.
Nyatakan jenis ikatan yang terbentuk
…………………………………………………………………………………
[ 1 mark ]
(ii) Write the formula for the compound formed.
Tuliskan formula sebatian yang terbentuk.
…………………………………………………………………………………
[ 1 mark ]
(iii) Draw the electron arrangement for the compound formed.
Lukiskan susunan elektron bagi sebatian yang terbentuk.
[ 2 marks ]
(iv) State one physical property of the compound.
Nyatakan satu sifat fizik bagi sebatian yang terbentuk.
…………………………………………………………………………………
[ 1 mark ]
3. Bromine is below Chlorine in The Periodic Table .
Bromin terletak di bawah klorin dalam Jadual Berkala.
(a) (i) State the number of valence electron in bromine atom?
Nyatakan bilangan elektron valens dalam atom bromine ?
……………………………………………………………………………
[ 1 mark ]
(ii) State which group bromine is belong to.
Nyatakan kumpulan bromin berada dalam jadual berkala.
………………………………………………………………………………
[ 1 mark ]
(b) (i) Write the molecular formula of bromine molecule.
Tuliskan formula molekul bagi molekul bromin
……………………………………………………………………………….
[ 1mark ]
Modul Kecemerlangan Akademik SPM 2014 12
(ii) What is the physical state of bromine at room temperature ?
Apakah keadaan fizik bromin pada suhu bilik ?
……………………………………………………………………………….
[ 1 mark ]
(c ) Chlorine react with water to form acids.
Klorin bertindak balas dengan air membentuk asid.
(i) Name the acids formed.
Namakan aisd-asid yang terbentuk.
…………………………………………………………………………………
[ 1 mark ]
(ii) Write the chemical equation for the reaction.
Tuliskan persamaan kimia bagi tindak balas itu.
…………………………………………………………………………………
[ 1 mark ]
(d) Write the chemical equation for the reaction between chlorine and iron.
Tuliskan persamaan kimia bagi tindak balas antara klorin dan besi.
……………………………………………………………………………………….
[ 1 mark ]
(e) Compare the reactivity of chlorine and bromine. Explain your answer.
Bandingkan kereaktifan klorin dan bromine. Terangkan jawapan anda.
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
[ 5 marks ]
Modul Kecemerlangan Akademik SPM 2014 13
SECTION B
4 (a) Table 4 shows three elements and their proton number respectively.
Jadual 4 menunjukkan tiga unsur dan nombor proton masing-masing.
TABLE 4
Using the information in the Table 4 , explain how
Menggunakan maklumat dalam Jadual 4, terangkan bagaimana
(i) ionic bond and
ikatan ion dan
(ii) covalent bond
ikatan kovalen
formed.
terbentuk.
[13 marks]
(b) Describe an experiment to differentiate ionic compound and covalent compound in terms
of electrical conductivity.
Huraikan satu eksperimen bagi membezakan sebatian ion dan sebatian kovalen dari segi
kekonduksian elektrik.
[7 marks]
5 (a) Explain the following:
Terangkan yang berikut:
(i) The reactivity of group 1 element increases going down the group.
Kereaktifan unsure kumpulan 1 meningkat menuruni kumpulan
(ii) The electronegativity of elements increases when going across
a period from left to right.
Keelektronegatifan unsur-unsur meningkat apabila merentasi kala dari kiri
ke kanan.
[9 marks]
(b) Transition elements are elements from Group 3 to Group 12 of the Periodic Table.
Unsur peralihan ialah unsur-unsur dari Kumpulan 3 hingga Kumpulan12 jadual Berkala.
(i) Name two transition element.
Namakan dua unsur peralihan.
(ii) State four special characteristics of transition elements.
Nyatakan empat ciri-ciri istimewa unsur-unsur peralihan
[6 marks]
Element
Unsur
Proton number
Nombor proton
Carbon
Karbon
6
Sodium
Natrium
11
Chlorine
Klorin
17
Modul Kecemerlangan Akademik SPM 2014 14
(c) Proton number of element M is 19. State the group and period of element M in Periodic
Table. Explain your answer
Nombor proton bagi unsure M iala 19. Nyatakan kumpulan dan kala bagi unsur M dalam
Jadual Berkala. Terangkan jawapan anda.
[5 marks]
SECTION C
3
Using the suitable materials and apparatus, plan a labotary experiment to compare
the electrical conductivity between the compounds of X and Y.
Your explaination should include all the followings:
Menggunakan bahan dan radas yang sesuai, rancang suatu eksperimen makmal bagi
membandingkan kekonduksian elektrik antara sebatian X dan Y.
Penerangakan anda perlu merangkumi perkara-perkara berikut :
(a) Statement of the problem
Pernyataan masaalah
(b) Hypothesis
Hipotesis
(c) All the variables
Semua pembolehubah
(d) List of materials and apparatus
Senarai bahan dan radas
(e) Procedure
Prosedur
(f) Tabulation of data
Penjadualan data
[ 18 marks ]
A student is given an ionic compound X and covalent compound Y.
Seorang pelajar diberi sebatian ion X dan sebatian kovalen Y
Modul Kecemerlangan Akademik SPM 2014 15
MODULE 3
SECTION A
1 Figure 1.1 shows the set-up of apparatus to investigate the electrolysis of molten lead(II)
bromide.
Rajah 1.1 menunjukkan susunan radas bagi mengkaji elektrolisis leburan plumbum(II) bromide.
(a) Based on Figure 1.1, identify :
Berdasarkan Rajah 1.1, tentukan
Anode / anod : ……………………… and cathode / dan katod : ……………………………...
[ 1 mark]
(b) Write the formulae for the ions present in molten lead(II) bromide.
Tuliskan formula bagi ion-ion yang hadir dalam plumbum(II) bromide
………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
[ 1 mark]
(c) State the ion that is attracted to the :
Nyatakan ion yang tertarik ke :
(i) X : …………………………………………………………………………………………….
(ii) Y : …………………………………………………………………………………………….
[ 1 mark]
(d) In Figure 1.2 below, draw arrows ( → ) to show the movement of ions in (c).
Pada Rajah 1.2 di bawah, lukiskan tanda ( → ) bagi menunjukkan pergerakan ion-ion di (c)
[ 2 marks]
+ _
Positive ion
Negative ion
+
_
_
_
_
_
+
+ + +
X Y
FIGURE 1.2
Molten lead(II) bromide
A
Carbon electrode Y
Bunsen burner
Crucible
Mangkuk pijar
FIGURE 1.1
Molten lead(II) bromide
Leburan plumbum(II) bromida
Carbon electrode X
Modul Kecemerlangan Akademik SPM 2014 16
(e) Write the half equations of the reaction at electrode :
Tuliskan setengah persamaan bagi tindak balas di elektrod:
(i) X : …………………………………………………………………………………………….
(ii) Y : …………………………………………………………………………………………….
[ 2 marks]
(f) What would you observe at electrode :
Apakah yang diperhatikan di elektrod:
(i) X : …………………………………………………………………………………………….
(ii) Y : …………………………………………………………………………………………….
[ 2 marks]
2 Figure 2 shows the set-up of apparatus to investigate the electrolysis of a dilute aqueous sodium
chloride solution using carbon electrodes.
Rajah 2 menunjukkan susunan radas bagi mengkaji elektrolisis larutan natrium klorida cair
menggunakan elektrod karbon.
(a) What is meant by cation?
Apakah yang dimaksudkan dengan kation?
................................................................................................................................................
[1 mark]
(b) What is the energy change that occurs in the electrolysis process?
Apakah perubahan tenaga yang berlaku dalam proses elektrolisis?
................................................................................................................................................
[1 mark]
(c) (i) State all the ions present in the electrolyte.
Nyatakan semua ion-ion yang hadir dalam elektrolit.
..................................................................................................................................
[2 marks]
Electrode P
Electrode Q
Dilute sodium chloride solution
Larutan natrium klorida cair
A
FIGURE 2
Modul Kecemerlangan Akademik SPM 2014 17
(ii) In the table below, write the formulae of the ions in (c) (i) which moved to
electrodes P and Q.
Dalam jadual di bawah, tuliskan formula bagi ion-ion di (c)(i) yang bergerak ke
elektrod P dan Q.
Electrode P Electrode Q
[2 marks]
(d) Name the gas collected in the test tube at electrodes P and Q.
Namakan gas yang terkumpul dalam tabung uji di elektrod P dan Q.
Electrode P Electrode Q
[2 marks]
(e) If a concentrated sodium chloride solution is used in the above electrolysis, name the gas
collected in the test tube at electrode Q. Explain why?
Jika larutan natrium klorida pekat digunakan dalam elektrolisis di atas, namakan gas
yang dikumpulkan di tabung uji pada elektrod Q. Terangkan jawapan anda ?
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
[2 marks]
3 Figure 3 represents a Daniell cell where strips of copper and zinc are used.
Rajah 3 mewakili Sel Daniel di mana kepingan kuprum dan zink digunakan.
(a) State the metal which acts as
Nyatakan logam yang bertindak sebagai
positive terminal : ……………………… and negative terminal : ………………………..
terminal positif dan terminal negatif
[ 1 mark]
Zinc strip
Kepingan zink
Copper strip
Kepingan kuprum
Zinc sulphate solution
Larutan zink sulfat
Copper(II) sulphate solution
Larutan kuprum(II) sulfat
Porous pot
Pasu berliang
FIGURE 3
Modul Kecemerlangan Akademik SPM 2014 18
(b) In Figure 3, draw arrows ( → ) to show the the direction of the flow of electrons.
Dalam Rajah 3, lukiskan tanda ( → ) untuk menunjukkan arah pengaliran elektron.
[ 1 mark]
(c) What is the energy change that occurs in the cell?
Apakah perubahan tenaga yang berlaku dalam sel?
................................................................................................................................................
[1 mark]
(d) What is the function of the porous pot?
Apakah fungsi pasu berliang ?
................................................................................................................................................
[1 mark]
(e) Write the half equations of the reaction take place at :
Tuliskan setengah persamaan bagi tindak balas yang berlaku di:
(i) positive terminal / terminal positif : …………………………………………………
(ii) negative terminal / terminal negatif : …………………………………………………
[ 2 marks]
(f) After 30 minutes, what is the colour change of the copper(II) sulphate solution?
Explain why.
Selepas 30 minit, apakah perubahan warna larutan kumpum(II) sulfat.
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
[2 marks]
(g) The voltage of the cell in Figure 3 is 1.1 V. If the zinc strip is replaced by magnesium
ribbon and dipped in magnesium sulphate solution, predict the voltage of the cell formed.
Explain why.
Voltan bagi sel dalam Rajah 3 ialah 1.1 V. Jika kepingan zink diganti dengan pita
magnesium dan direndam dalam larutan magnesium sulfat, ramalkan voltan bagi sel
terbentuk.
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
[2 marks]
Modul Kecemerlangan Akademik SPM 2014 19
SECTION B
4 (a) (i) State two factors that influence the selective discharge of ions during the electrolysis of an
aqueous solution.
Nyatakan dua faktor yang mempengaruhi pemilihan discas ion-ion bagi elektrolisis larutan
akueus.
[ 2 marks]
(ii) By using one of the factors that you state in (a) (i), describe a laboratory experiment to
show the effect of the factor.
Your answer should consist of the following :
Dengan menggunakan satu faktor yang dinyatakan di (a)(i), huraikan suatu eksperimen
makmal bagi mengkaji kesan satu faktor tersebut.
Jawapan anda perlu mengandungi perkara berikut.
Chemical required
Bahan kimia yang diperlukan
Procedures of the experiment
Prosedur eksperimen
Diagram showing the set-up of apparatus
Gambarajah susunan radas
Half equation involved in the reaction at each electrodes
Setengah persamaan yang melibatkan tindak balas di elektrod
Result / Observation
Keputusan/Pemermatian
[ 13 marks]
(b) Table 4 shows the result obtained from a series of experiments to arrange zinc, copper and
magnesium in Electrochemical Series.
Jadual 4 menunjukkan keputusan bagi satu siri eksperimen untuk menyusun zink, kuprum dan
magnesium dalam Siri Elektrokimia
Experiment
Eksperimen
Procedure
Prosedur
Observations
Pemerhatian
I
Zinc metal is added to copper(II)
sulphate solution
Logam zink ditambah ke dalam
larutan kuprum(II) sulfat
Brown solids are deposited. The
intensity of the blue colour of the
solution decreases.
Pepejal perang terenap. Keamatan
warna biru larutan berkurang
II
Zinc metal is added to magnesium
sulphate solution
Logam zink ditambah ke dalam
larutan magnesium sulfat.
No change
Tiada perubahan
III
Magnesium metal is added to
copper(II) sulphate solution
Logam magnesium ditambah ke
dalam larutan kuprum(II) sulfat
Brown solids are deposited. The
intensity of the blue colour of the
solution decreases.
Pepejal perang terenap. Keamatan
warna biru larutan berkurang.
TABLE 4
(i) Explain these observations of Experiment I and II.
Terangkan pemerhatian bagi Eksperimen I dan Eksperimen II
[ 4 marks]
Modul Kecemerlangan Akademik SPM 2014 20
(ii) Based on the result obtained in Table 4, arrange the metal zinc, copper and magnesium in
descending order of the Electrochemical Series.
Berdasarkan keputusan yang diperolehi dalam Jadual 4, susun logam zink, kuprum dan
magnesium berdasarkan susunan menurun dalam Siri Elektrokimia
[ 1 mark]
5 (a) (i) What is meant by the Electrochemical Series?
Apakah yang dimaksudkan dengan Siri Elektrokimia?
[ 1 mark ]
(ii) State three uses of the Electrochemical Series.
Nyatakan tiga kegunaan Siri Elektrokimia
[ 3 marks]
(b) Table 5.1 shows the result obtained from a series of experiments to arrange metal T, U, V and W
in Electrochemical Series.
Jadual 5.1 menunjukkan keputusan yang diperolehi daripada beberapa eksperimen untuk
menyusun logam T, U, V dan W dalam Siri Elektrokimia.
Experiment
Eksperimen
Metal pair
Pasangan logam
Voltage (V)
Voltan(V)
Positive terminal
Terminal positif
I T and U 1.6 T
II U and W 2.0 W
III V and W 0.8 V
TABLE 5.1
(i) Draw a diagram to show the set-up of apparatus of Experiment I .
Lukiskan gambarajah susunan radas bagi Eksperimen I
[ 2 marks]
(ii) Explain how you can arrange the order of these metals in the Electrochemical Series.
Terangkan bagaimana anda boleh menyusun logam-logam tersebut dalam Siri Elektrokimia
[ 6 marks]
(c) Figure 5.2 shows two types of cell.
Rajah 5.2 menunjukkan dua jenis sel
.
Compare and contrast cell X and cell Y. Your answer should include the observations and
half equations for the reactions at the electrodes in both cells.
Banding dan bezakan sel X dan sel Y. Jawapan anda perlu merangkumi pemerhatian and
setengah persamaan bagi tindak balas di elektrod-elektod kedua-dua sel.
[ 8 marks]
Silver plate
Kepingan argentum
Silver nitrate
solution
Larutan argentum
nitrat
P Q R S
FIGURE 5.2
Silver plate
Kepingan argentum
Cell X
Magnesium
ribbon
Pita
magnesium
Cell Y
Modul Kecemerlangan Akademik SPM 2014 21
MODUL 4
SECTION A
1. Diagram 1 shows the preparation of standard solution of potassium hydroxide, 0.1 mol dm-3
.
Rajah 1 menunjukkan penyediaan larutan piawai bagi kalium hidroksida, 0.1 mol dm-3
(a) What is meant by the standard solution ?
Apakah yang dimaksudkan dengan larutan piawai ?
…………….……………………………………………………………………………………
[ 1 mark ]
(b) Calculate the mass of potassium hydroxide, KOH needed to make 250 cm3 solution with
concentration 0.1 mol dm-3
. [ Relative atomic mass: K, 39; O,16; H, 1]
Hitungkan jisim kalium hidroksida, KOH yang diperlukan bagi menyediakan 250 cm3 larutan
kalium hidroksida 0.1 mol dm-3
[ 2 marks ]
Diagram 1
Modul Kecemerlangan Akademik SPM 2014 22
(c) After all the potassium hydroxide is poured into the volumetric flask, the beaker must be
rinsed several times with distilled water. After each rinse, all the water is tranferred into the
volumetric flask.
Give one reason for doing this?
Setelah semua kalium hidroksida dituang ke dalam kelalang isipadu, bikar perlu dibilas
beberapa kali dengan air suling. Setiap kali bilasan, semua air bilasan perlu dipindahkan ke
kelalang isipadu.
Berikan satu sebab langkah ini dilakukan?
…………..………………………………………………………………………………………
[ 1 mark ]
(d) Why is the distilled water is added drop by drop?
Mengapakah air suling ditambah setitik demi setitik?
…………………………………………………………………………………………………..
[ 1 mark ]
(e) What step should be taken to make sure that the meniscus level of the standard solution is
exactly in line with the graduation mark on the volumetric flask?
Apakah langkah yang perlu diambil bagi memastikan aras miniskus bagi larutan piawai
adalah setara dengan tanda sengatan pada kelalang isipadu?
…………………………………………………………………………………………………
[ 1 mark ]
(f) A volumetric flask is more suitable to be used in the preparation of the standard solution
rather than a beaker. Why?
Kelalang isipadu adalah lebih sesuai digunakan dalam penyediaan larutan piawai
berbanding bikar. Mengapa ?
………………………………………………………………………………………………….
[ 1 mark ]
(g) Why do you need to shake the solution after all the water had been added?
Mengapa anda perlu mengoncang larutan setelah semua air ditambahkan?
…………………………………………………………………………………………………..
[ 1 mark ]
Modul Kecemerlangan Akademik SPM 2014 23
2. Diagram 5 shows Experiment I and II in the preparation of salt.
Rajah 5 menunjukkan Eksperimen I dan II bagi penyediaan garam.
Experiment
Eksperimen
Method
Kaedah
I
II
(a) State one observation in Experiment I at the end point.
Nyatakan satu pemerhatian dalam Eksperimen I pada takat akhir.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………….
[ 1 mark ]
(b) Based on Experiment II :
Berdasarkan eksperimen II,
(i) State one observation.
Nyatakan satu pemerhatian
………………………………………………………………………………………………….
[ 1 mark ]
(ii) State the reason why copper(II) carbonate are added in excess.
Nyatakan satu sebab mengapa kuprum(II) karbonat ditambahkan berlebihan.
…………………………………………………………………………………………………..
[ 1 mark ]
50.0 cm3 of 0.1 mol dm
-3 sulphuric
acid
50.0 cm3 larutan asid sulfurik
0.1 mol dm-3
10.0 cm3 of 0.1 mol dm
-3
sulphuric acid
10.0 cm3 larutan asid sulfurik
0.1 mol dm-3
20.0 cm3 of 0.1 mol dm
-3 sodium
hydroxide + phenolphthalein
20.0 cm3 larutan natrium
hidroksida 0.1 mol dm-3
+
phenolftalin
Modul Kecemerlangan Akademik SPM 2014 24
(ii) Explain how the excess copper(II) carbonate can be separated from the products.
Terangkan bagaimana kuprum(II) karbonat yang berlebihan dapat diasingkan daripada hasil
tindak balas.
…………………………………………………………………………………………………..
[ 1 mark ]
(iv) Write the chemical equation for the reaction taking place.
Tuliskan persamaan kimia bagi tindak balas yang berlakau.
…………………………………………………………………………………………………..
[ 2 marks ]
(v) Calculate the maximum mass of salt, CuSO4 formed.
Hitungkan jisim maksimum garam CuSO4 yang terbentuk.
[ Relative atomic mass : O,16; S,32 ; Cu,64 ]
[ 3 marks]
(c) If the sulphuric acid in Experiment I is replaced by hydrochloric acid of the same
concentration. Predict the volume of hydrochloric acid required.
Jika asid sulfurik dalam Eksperimen I digantikan dengan asid hidriklorik yang sama
kepekatannya, ramalkan isipadu asid hidroklorik yang digunakan.
…………………………………………………………………………………………………..
[ 1 mark ]
(d) State one difference in the method between two experiments
Nyatakan satu perbezaan dalam kaedah penyediaan garam kedua-dua eksperimen.
Experiment I Experiment II
[ 1 marks ]
(e) Name the type of reaction in Experiment I .
Namakan jenis tindak balas dalam Eksperimen I
……………………………………………………………………………………………………….
[ 1 mark ]
(f) Name another method for preparation of salt other than Experiment I and II.
Namakan kaedah lain bagi penyediaan garam selain daripada eksperimen I dan II
……………………………………………………………………………………………………….
[ 1 mark ]
Modul Kecemerlangan Akademik SPM 2014 25
SECTION B
3. (a) What is the meaning of weak acid?
Apakah yang dimaksudkan dengan asid lemah
[ 2 marks]
(b) What is the role of water for acid to show its properties? Explain.
Apakah peranan air bagi menunjukkan sifat-sifat asid? Terangkan
[ 3 marks]
(c) Explain three simple experiments to show the properties of acid.
Terangkan tiga eksperimen mudah bagi menunjukkan sifat asid
[ 9 marks]
(b) The following information is about hydrochloric acid and ethanoic acid.
Berikut ialah maklumat bagi asid hidroklorik dan asid ethanoik
Explain why these solution have different pH values.
Terangkan mengapa larutan tersebut mempunyai nilai pH yang berbeza.
[ 6 marks]
4. Diagram 4 shows two reagent bottles each containing an aqueous solution.
Rajah 4 menunjukkan dua botol reagen setiap satu mengandungi larutan akueus
Qualitative analysis can be used to determine the presence of cations and anions in solutions.
Describe chemical test that can be used to verify the ions in each solution.
Analisa kualitatif boleh digunakan untuk menentukan kehadiran kation dan anion dalam larutan.
Huraikan ujian kimia yang boleh digunakan untuk mengesahkan ion-ion dalam setiap larutan
[ 10 marks]
Diagram 4
The pH of 1 mol dm-3
hydrochloric acid solution is 1
pH bagi 1 mol dm-3
larutan asid hidroklorik ialah 1
The pH of 1 mol dm-3
ethanoic acid solution is 4
pH bagi 1 mol dm-3
larutan asid ethanoik ialah 4
Nitric Acid
Acid Nitrik
Ammonium
chloride
Ammonium
klorida
Modul Kecemerlangan Akademik SPM 2014 26
(b) A pupil carried out an experiment to investigate the chemical changes that occur to barium
chloride as a result of reaction P. The result of the experiment is shown in diagram 5
Seorang pelajar menjalankan eksperimen untuk mengkaji perubahan kimia yang berlaku pada
barium klorida hasil daripada tindak balas P
(i) The chemical equation for reaction P is as follows:
Persamaan kimia bagi tindak balas P ialah seperti berikut:
BaCl2 + Na2SO4 → BaSO4 + 2NaCl
Excess sodium sulphate is added to 50 cm3 of 0.5 mol dm
-3 barium chloride.
Given the molecular mass of BaSO4 = 233
Sodium sulfat berlebihan ditambah kepada 50 cm3 larutan barium klorida 0.5 mol dm
-3
(i) Calculate the mass of barium sulphate formed.
Hitungkan jisim barium sulfat yang terbentuk
[ 3 marks ]
(ii) Describe the experiment how to make the dry barium sulphate in the laboratory.
Huraikan satu eksperimen bagi menyediakan barium sulfat kering dalam makmal.
[ 7 marks ]
Diagram 5
Larutan
natrium sulfat / Larutan
barium klorida
/ Larutan natrium klorida
/ Mendakan barium sulfat
Modul Kecemerlangan Akademik SPM 2014 27
5 (a) What is meant by salt.
Apakah yang dimaksudkan dengan garam ?
[2 marks]
(b) Figure 5 shows an incomplete flow chart of cation and anion tests for salt Y.
Rajah 5 menunjukkan carta aliran yang tidak lengkap bagi ujian anion dan kation
garam Y
FIGURE 5
Complete the flow chart to confirm that salt Y contains Fe3+ ions and CO3
2-
ions. Your unswer should include observations.
Lengkapkan carta aliran tersebut bagi mengesahkan ujian bahawa garam Y
mengandungi ion Fe3+ ions dan ion CO3
2-
[8 marks]
(c) You are required to prepare dry Aluminium chloride salt. The chemicals supplied are
Anda dikehendaki menyediakan garam Aluminium klorida yang kering. Bahan-bahan
kimia yang dibekalkan ialah
Aluminium sulphate solution / Larutan aluminium sulfat
Dilute hydrochloric acid / Asid hidroklorik cair
Sodium carbonate solution / Larutan natrium karbonat
Describe a laboratory experiment to prepare that salt. In your description, include the
chemical equations involved.
Huraikan satu eksperimen makmal bagi menyediakan garam tersebut. Dalam huraian
anda, nyatakan persamaan kimia yang terlibat.
[10 marks]
Salt Y
Cation test Anion test
Fe3+
CO32-
Modul Kecemerlangan Akademik SPM 2014 28
CONTOH SOALAN-SOALAN KBAT
Modul Kecemerlangan Akademik SPM 2014 29
Modul Kecemerlangan Akademik SPM 2014 30
Modul Kecemerlangan Akademik SPM 2014 31
Modul Kecemerlangan Akademik SPM 2014 32
5.
Modul Kecemerlangan Akademik SPM 2014 33
KERTAS MODUL TAMAT
Sumbangan: Panel-Q, Majlis Guru Cemerlang Negeri Melaka
6.
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