nutrition. l ist the 6 classes of nutrients carbohydrates fats protein vitamins minerals water
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NUTRITION
LIST THE 6 CLASSES OF NUTRIENTS
•Carbohydrates•Fats•Protein•Vitamins•Minerals•Water
HOW DOES EATING A BALANCED DIET TODAY EFFECT HOW YOU FEEL
IN THE FUTURE?
What you eat during your teens can
affect your risk of developing obesity,
heart disease, diabetes, osteoporosis
and cancer when you are in your
30’s, 40’s or 50’s.
All of these diseases can be affected
by your diet.
WHICH 3 NUTRIENTS GIVE US ENERGY?Carbohydrates
Fats
Protein
How do we know they give us energy? THEY have CALORIES!
WHAT ARE CALORIES?
•Carbohydrates = 4 calories per gram•Protein = 4 calories per gram•Fats = 9 calories per gram
How many do each of the following nutrients have per gram?
Calories are how we measure how much energy a food has.
WHAT ARE “EMPTY” CALORIES?
A measurement of the energy
present in high-energy foods
with poor nutritional value.
WHAT ARE THE 2 TYPES OF CARBOHYDRATES
Complex Carbohydrates
= Starches
Ex: Bread, pasta, rice
Simple Carbohydrates = Sugars
Ex: chocolate, candy
IF CARBOHYDRATES ARE NOT USED FOR ENERGY, WHAT HAPPENS TO
THEM?
Carbohydrates are the first calories
burned for energy. If they are not used they
are stored in your body as fat.
WHY IS FIBER SO IMPORTANT IN KEEPING US
HEALTHY?•Fiber keeps your intestines healthy•Prevents constipation•May help prevent colon cancer and heart disease•Increases the amount
of fluid in your
digestive system.
FATS ARE ALSO DIVIDED INTO 2 GROUPS, NAME THEM AND AN
EXAMPLE OF EACH.
Unsaturated Fats:fats that are liquid at room
temperature.ex: cooking oils
Saturated Fats:fats that are solid at room temperature.
ex: lard (crisco), butter
WHAT IS CHOLESTEROL?
•Fatty like substance made by the body .Cholesterol combines with molecules to circulate in the blood.
What does it do in
our bodies?It is needed to make Vit. D, cell membranes & certain hormones.
LDL is the BAD
cholesterol
HDL is the GOOD
cholesterol.
What can happen if we have too much cholesterol in our
body?Higher Risk of High Blood Pressure, Heart attack, Stroke, and Heart Disease.
HOW IS PROTEIN USED IN OUR BODY? PROTEINS:
•It helps the body build new cells and repair existing ones. It helps
with muscle development.•It is burned for
energy after the
Carbohydrates
are gone.
WHAT IS PROTEIN MADE UP OF?
•There are 20 different types of
amino acids but only
9 essential ones.
AMINO ACIDS
WHAT IS THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN COMPLETE PROTEINS &
INCOMPLETE PROTEINS?
Complete
proteins contain
the 9
essential amino
acids
Incomplete proteins do not contain all the essential amino acids
WHAT ARE THE 2 CLASSES OF VITAMINS? WHAT IS THE
DIFFERENCE?
Dissolve in fat and can be stored in the body.
#1 FAT SOLUBLE
Dissolve in water and are not stored in the body.
#2 WATER SOLUBLE
The body uses what it needs then gets rid of the
rest.
WHAT IS NUTRIENT DEFICIENCY?
Nutrient Deficiency
occurs when our body does
not have enough of the
6 nutrients needed to
function properly.
Without enough nutrients certain
body functions may not function properly
and could weaken certain organs.
WHAT DO MINERALS DO FOR OUR BODY?
•Minerals help build and repair tissues. •Needed for enzyme activity•Needed for bone
formation.
WHAT PERCENT OF YOUR BODY IS WATER?
Water is needed for every
body function, without the
proper amount of water
certain body functions may
not perform as they should.
Our body is
made up of 60%
water.
Why is it so important for our body?
HOW MUCH WATER SHOULD
YOU HAVE A DAY?
At least eight
8oz glasses
of water each day!
WHAT IS DEHYDRATION AND HOW CAN IT BE
DANGEROUS?•Dehydration occurs when the body does not have enough water.•Dehydration can interfere with both mental and physical performance.•Early symptoms might be fatigue, loss of appetite, dry eyes.•Dehydration could lead to death.
It’s important to drink
more water than you lose!
WHAT MAKES A FOOD “JUNK FOOD”? IS ALL “JUNK FOOD”
BAD FOR US?
What makes a food
healthy or junk
depends on how
many
nutrients it provides
relative to
how many calories it
contains.
Junk food is only a problem
if it makes up a large
part of your diet.
Snacking isn’t bad if done right. If done right is can increase your nutrient intake and help
you maintain a healthy weight.
Eating smaller amounts of food
(with nutritional value) throughout
the day vs 3 large meals a day
can actually be better for
your metabolism.
Is snacking
bad???
HOW DO OUR DIETARY NEEDS CHANGE AS WE
GET OLDER?
More Nutrients Needed during childhood and teens
because growing
The more active you
are the more calories you need.
As you get older you have
to watch your intake of calories because your metabolism slows down.
WHY DO PREGNANT WOMEN NEED MORE ENERGY AND PROTEIN THAN
NON-PREGNANT WOMEN?To help meet energy needs,
expectant mothers need about 450 additional calories.
More protein, vitamins & minerals are needed to aid in the development of the baby.
WHAT DOES IT MEAN TO BE VEGETARIAN?
A vegetarian who does not eat any animal
products.
Limits their diets to few or no animal products, usually
no meat except seafood.
Vegan?
What is a big dietary concern
for vegetarians & vegans?
They may not get
enough protein
without meat
in their diet.
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