oracle rac performance tunning tips&tricks

TEN VITAL TIPS FOR ORACLE RAC PERFORMANCE

ZEKERİYA BEŞİROĞLU EXPERT CONSULTANT&INSTRUCTOR BİLGİNC IT ACADEMY ISTANBUL TURKİSH ORACLE USER GROUP ORACLE OPEN WORLD 15 SAN FRANCİSCO

TEN VITAL TIPS FOR REAL APPLICATION CLUSTER PERFORMANCE ZEKERIYABESIROGLU.COM

WHO I AM

▸ Oracle Ace Database Management & Performance

▸ OCP since 2002

▸ OCE Rac Expert

▸ Exadata Specialist

▸ President of TROUG

▸ Expert Consultant & Oracle University Instructor

BILGINC IT ACADEMY —- WWW.BILGINC.COM

TEN VITAL TIPS▸ CAPACITY & ARCHITECTURE

▸ SQL TUNING

▸ PARALLEL QUERY TUNING

▸ TUNING DATABASE

▸ TUNING NETWORK

▸ RECOVERY TUNING

▸ GLOBAL CACHE TUNING

▸ TUNING STORAGE

▸ TUNNNG CLUSTERWARE

▸ TOOLS

1-CAPACITY & ARCHITECTURE

CAPACITY & ARCHITECTURE▸ Building Balanced Hardware Configuration

▸ High Throughput

▸ You should consider configuring the following hardware components in order to create a balanced system:

▸ Number and speed of CPUs

▸ Memory size

▸ Number and size of disks

▸ Number and speed of the I/O bandwidth components, such as:

▸ Host Bus Adapters(HBAs)

▸ Switches

▸ Disk Controllers

CAPACITY & ARCHITECTURE

▸ per Cpu Core avg 100-300 mb/per second

▸ Core = HBA

▸ Fiber switch avg 800 mb/per second

▸ One Disk Array avg 200 mb/per second

▸ Small 15000 rpm disk. 10 disk one array

▸ 4 gb memory per core / 8 gb Compress.

CAPACITY & ARCHITECTURE▸Estimating Size of Database Objects

▸ SELECT * FROM TABLE(dbms_space.object_growth_trend(object_owner => 'SH', object_name => 'SALES', object_type => 'TABLE'));

▸DBMS_SPACE.CREATE_TABLE_COST(‘USERS’,30(avgrowsize),100000000(rowcount),10(pctfree),ub,ab);

▸DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Used Bytes = ' || TO_CHAR(ub));

▸DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Allocated Bytes = ' || TO_CHAR(ab));

▸END;

▸Used Bytes = (100GB)

▸Allocated Bytes = (100GB)

CAPACITY & ARCHITECTURE

▸Size Interconnect for aggregated throughput – approx 1Gb/sec per 32 cores

▸10Gb/sec or IB generally good for database consolidations and large SMP nodes Bonded 1GbE solutions with load balancing are supported Use same type NICs for LB and failover

▸Use Jumbo frames wherever possible

2-SQL TUNING

SQL TUNING

▸Optimizing Third Normal Form: Power, Partitioning, Parallelism

▸ Power

▸ Partition : Range- Hash partition

▸ Hash count cpus X 2

▸ Paralel degree power X 2 and goal parallel partition-wise join

SQL TUNING

SQL TUNING▸ Reduce long full-table scans in OLTP systems.

▸ Use Automatic Segment Space Management (ASSM).

▸ Increase sequence caches.

▸ Use partitioning to reduce interinstance traffic.

▸ Avoid unnecessary parsing.

▸ Minimize locking usage.

▸ Remove unselective indexes.

▸ Configure interconnect properly.

▸ In Memory-Parallel Query

SQL TUNING▸ How to avoid “Write Hot Spots” in applications

▸ Frequent transactional changes to the same data blocks in all instances may result in “write hot spots”

▸ in 99% of OLTP performance issues write hot spots occur on indexes

▸ Use non-ordered & cached sequences if sequence is used to generate primary key

▸ ALTER SEQUENCE E1 ... CACHE 10000+

▸ Consolidate applications to use only one server and route via services

▸ Place redo logs on fast storage & Separate disks for logs from other IO busy disks

▸ Schema tuning only involves minimal modification

▸ Global hash partitioned indexes

▸ Locally partitioned indexes

▸ Drop unused indexes

3- PARALLEL QUERY TUNING

PARALLEL QUERY TUNING

▸ Parallel execution improves performance for the following:

▸ Queries that perform a full table scan

▸ Fast full index scans

▸ The creation of large indexes

▸ DML operations doing bulk inserts, updates, and deletes

▸ Aggregations and copying

Partitioned index scans

Database recovery

4-TUNING DATABASE

TUNING DATABASE

▸ Distribution of data using data partitions

▸ Distribution of data access using database services

▸ Distribution of workload based on resource availability

▸ Accessing data from a database using indexes

▸ Tuning parameters to help improve performance

▸ Partition pruning

▸ Partition-wise joins

▸ Parallel DML

TUNING DATABASE

▸Sequence Numbers

▸Row level locking causing high contention. Getting and maintaining sequences can cause enqueue contention on the sequence enqueue and latches.

▸Due to the non-recursive nature of the transaction, in high INSERT intensive applications, updates to the table can be queued.

▸There could be serious concurrency issues when this method is used.

5-TUNING NETWORK

TUNING NETWORK

▸ListenersThere are two types of listeners in an Oracle Database 11g Release 2 RAC configuration.

▸SCAN Listeners

▸Database Listeners

TUNING NETWORK▸For example, the following SDU settings in the TNS connection descriptor will set the value of the SDU

to 16K:

▸ORCL =

▸ (DESCRIPTION =

▸ (SDU = 16384) (FAILOVER = ON) (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = oradb.istanbul.com)(PORT = 1521))

▸ (LOAD_BALANCE = YES)

▸ (CONNECT_DATA = (SERVER = DEDICATED)

▸ (SERVICE_NAME = ORCL)

▸ (FAILOVER_MODE =(TYPE = SELECT)(METHOD = BASIC)(RETRIES = 10)(DELAY = 3))) )

▸Similar settings should also be made to the listener to ensure that the bytes received by the server are also of a similar size. SID_LIST_LISTENER =

▸ (SID_DESC =

▸ (SDU=16384) (SID_NAME = ORCL)))

6-RECOVERY TUNING

FAST START PARALLEL ROLLBACK

RECOVERY PARALLELLISM

▸ SQL>RECOVER PARALLEL 4;

▸ SQL>RECOVER TABLESPACE SALES

▸ SQL>RECOVER DATAFILE /u01/app/IST/sales.dbf PARALLEL (DEGREE 4);

▸ SQL>RECOVER DATABASE PARALLEL ; -- default DOP is used.

REDO SIZE

CHECKPOINT

7-GLOBAL CACHE TUNING

Data is either stored ‣ 1. Locally (local cache) " access time: nanoseconds ‣ 2. Remote (global cache) " access time: micros. ‣ 3. “On disk”

Flash cache"access time: microseconds Disk controller cache"access time: micros. Spinning disk"access time: milliseconds

▸ Global cache optimization

GLOBAL CACHE SCENARIOS

There are several scenarios for single block reads: ‣ Read from Disk

‣ Read – Read

‣ Read – Write

‣ Write – Write

‣ Write – Read

‣ Write to Disk

GLOBAL CACHE SCENARIOS

‣ Instance A

‣ Instance B

‣ Instance C

‣ Instance D-resource master

‣ Database-SCN 1000

READ FROM DISK

‣ Instance A

‣ Instance B

‣ Instance C ——Request to obtain a shared resource

‣ Instance D-resource master

READ FROM DISK

‣ Instance A

‣ Instance B

‣ Instance C

‣ Instance D-(RM)request is granted

READ FROM DISK

‣ Instance A

‣ Instance B

‣ Instance C Read Request

‣ Instance D-(RM)request is granted

READ FROM DISK

‣ Instance A

‣ Instance B

‣ Instance C Read Request —- SCN 1000

‣ Instance D-(RM) Request is Granted

‣ Database-SCN 1000 -Block image Delivered

READ WRITE CACHE FUSION

‣ Instance A

‣ Instance B Request to obtain resource

‣ Instance C SCN 1000

‣ Instance D-(RM)

‣ Instance A

‣ Instance B Request to obtain resource

‣ Instance D-(RM) Instruct to transfer the block to B

‣ Instance A

‣ Instance B Request to obtain resource ——SCN 1000

‣ Instance C SCN 1000-Send Block image to instance B

WRITE WRITE CACHE FUSION

‣ Instance A

‣ Instance B Request to obtain resource ——SCN 1000-write SCN 1001

‣ Instance C SCN 1000-Send Block image to instance B

‣ Instance A-request to write

‣ Instance B SCN 1001

‣ Instance D-(RM)

‣ Instance A-request to write

‣ Instance B SCN 1001

‣ Instance D-(RM)——Instruct to transfer to instance A

‣ Instance A-request to write ——SCN1001

‣ Instance B SCN 1001—-Copy To Buffer

‣ Instance A-request to write ——SCN1001 ———SCN 1002

‣ Instance B SCN 1001—-Copy To Buffer

8-TUNING STORAGE

▸ Types of I/O Operations

▸ Read vs. writeSingle-block vs. multi-block Random vs. sequentialSynchronous vs. asynchronous

▸ I/O Access Patterns

▸ Sequential access

▸ I/O Access Patterns

▸ Random access

▸ How Many Disk Groups?

9-TUNING CLUSTERWARE

10-TOOLS

REMOTE DIAGNOSTIC AGENT

RAC DIAG

ORACHK

OLS$ ./ols.pl

The Cluster Nodes are : "NodeA, NodeB, NodeC, NodeD"

The Local Node is : "NodeA"

The Remote Nodes are : "NodeB, NodeC, NodeD"

Major Clusterware Version is : "12.1.0.1.0"

CRS_HOME is installed at : "/u01/app/12.1.0/grid"

CRS_BASE is installed at : "/u01/app/crsusr"

CRS_OWNER is : "crsusr"

CRS_GROUP is : "oinstall"

ORACLE_HOMES[0] is installed at : "/u01/app/crsusr/product/12.1.0/dbhome_1"

ORACLE_BASES[0] is installed at : "/u01/app/crsusr"

ORACLE_OWNERS[0] is : "crsusr"

TEN VITAL TIPS▸ CAPACITY & ARCHITECTURE

▸ SQL TUNING

▸ PARALLEL QUERY TUNING

▸ TUNING DATABASE

▸ TUNING NETWORK

▸ RECOVERY TUNING

▸ GLOBAL CACHE TUNING

▸ TUNING STORAGE

▸ TUNNNG CLUSTERWARE

▸ TOOLS

ZEKERİYA BESİROGLU BILGINC IT ACADEMY ISTANBUL

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