otomasi dan kegunaan
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8/10/2019 otomasi dan kegunaan
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1.1 Gambaran umum Otomasi
Otomasi Industri
8/10/2019 otomasi dan kegunaan
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Overview 1.1 - 2Industrial Automation2014
Definisi
Automation (otomasi):
1) Semua tata cara yang bertuuan untu! mengganti "e!eraan manusia dengan mesin#conto$ otomasi adala$ ilmu "engeta$uan tera"an)
2) %e!nologi yang diguna!an untu! ma!sud ini#conto$ "erusa$aan ini mem"unyai de"artemen otomasi)
Automatisation (otomatisasi)
1) "enggantian "e!eraan manusia mengguna!an mesin-mesin#conto$ otomatisasi dari "abri! te!stil menuai "rotes dari "ara buru$)
2) "enggantian !egiatan yang dila!u!an dengan sadar menadi s"ontan#conto$ "elati$an "ara "elaut membuat otomatisasi dari "enanganan di "er!a"alan)
Otomasi dan otomatisasi sering!ali membingung!an& dalam ba$asa inggris adala$ sama
#sama se"erti electricity dan electri'ication)
8/10/2019 otomasi dan kegunaan
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Overview 1.1 - (Industrial Automation2014
Otomasi dan makhluk hidup
Otomasi =
sistem syaraf
Enterprise
Trends & History = Brain
Display and react = orte!
ommunication net"orks = neural# spine
controller = $an$lions
%ensors & ctors = %ense cells & muscles
%ociety
physical plant = skeleton
8/10/2019 otomasi dan kegunaan
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Overview 1.1 - 4Industrial Automation2014
Otomasi seba$ai hirarki pelayanan
Group control
Unit control
Field
Sensors& actors
A V
Supervisory
Primary technology
Workflow, order tracking, resources
SCADA =Supervisory ControlAnd Data Acquisition
T
Production planning, orders, purchase
1
2
(
4
0
Planning, Statistics, Finances
(manufacturing) eksekusi
perusahaan
administrasi
8/10/2019 otomasi dan kegunaan
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Otomasi seba$ai 'arin$an komputer
*+& ,istorians&
O"timiers& /S
(lant )et"ork
O Server
O"erator or!"laces
ower anagementSubstation
Automation3 /lectri'ication
rocess
Instrumentation
*ieldbus
ontrol )et"ork
(rotection &
ontrol
+nstruments
+E ,1-/ station busontroller
,A5% mu6
O Server O Server
ower generation
Internet
ro'inet,art
8/10/2019 otomasi dan kegunaan
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0asalah teknis dalam otomasi
• Pemrosesan dari aliran informasi
• Penerapan keamanan dan ketersediaannya
• Pengurangan biaya pekerja
8/10/2019 otomasi dan kegunaan
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E!pectations
9 /nergy& material and time savings
9 uality im"rovement and stabilisation9 5eduction o' waste& "ollution control9 om"liance wit$ regulations and laws& "roduct trac!ing
9 Increase availability& sa'ety9 ;ast res"onse to mar!et9 onnection to management and accounting #SA<)
9 Otomasi dari rancang-bangun& !omisioning dan "erawatan9 =on'igurasi "erang!at luna!& bac!-u" dan versioning
9 3i'e-cycle control9 aintenance su""ort
Optimalisasi sset
-> Human-Machine-Interface (HMI)
-> Acquisition of large number of “process variables”, data mining
(en$uran$an biayapiaya pe$a"ai
Optimalisasi (roses
9 Sim"li'y inter'ace
9 Assist decision
9 5e>uire data "rocessing& dis"lays& data base& e6"ert systems
-> Engineering Tools
8/10/2019 otomasi dan kegunaan
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2uantitas Data dalam pabrikpabrik 3(lants4
Pengurangan dan pemrosesan data sangat diperlukan dalam mengoperasikan pabrik
information flow to the operators: ~ 5 kbit/s.human processing capacity: about 25 bit/s
without computers, 200 engineers (today: 3)
Electricity distribution network
three times more points than in conventional power plantsNuclear Power Plant
10'000 points, comprising 8'000 binary and analog measurement points and 2'000 actuation point 1'000 micro-controllers and logic controllers
Coal-fired power plant sekarang
100 measurement and action variables (called "points")analog controllers, analog instruments
one central "process controller" for data monitoring and protocol.
Power Plant 30 tahun yang lalu
100’000 - 10’000’000 points
8/10/2019 otomasi dan kegunaan
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Daftar +si
1 Pendahuluan
1.1 Otomasi dan kegunaannya
1.2 Contoh dari proses otomasi
1.3 Jenis-jenis plants dan controls
1.3.1 Open loop and closed loop control
1.3.2 Continuous processes
1.3.3 Discrete processes
1.3.3 Mixed processes
1.4 Hirarki otomasi
1.5 Arsitektur sistem kendali
8/10/2019 otomasi dan kegunaan
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Otomasi (lant
Semua sistem otomasi mem"unyai stru!tur yang sama
ang berbeda adala$ enis dari "lant yang di!ontrol& !uantitas in'ormasi& "enyebaran
secara geogra'i
8/10/2019 otomasi dan kegunaan
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Industrial Automation2014
utomation %ystems 5orld (layers
Largest Company Based Major mergers
ABB CH-SE Brown Boveri, ASEA, CE, Alfa-Laval, Elsag-Bailey
Alstom-Schneider-Areva FR-GB Alsthom, GEC, CEGELEC, Telemécanique,..Emerson US ;is$er&RosemountGeneral Electric USHitachi - Yokogawa JPHoneywell USRockwell Automation US Allen Bradley, Rockwell,..
Invensys UK Foxboro, Siebe, BTR, Triconex, Wonderware…Siemens DE Plessey, Landis & Gyr, Stäfa Controls, Cerberus,..
€ 80 Mia / year business(depends on viewpoint),growing 5 % annually
8/10/2019 otomasi dan kegunaan
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Industrial Automation2014
Terms
plant6 obe! dari otomasi
$eneral contractor : organisasi "emaso! berbagai !om"onen
turnkey factory: !lien $anya menyewa !onsultan untu! mengsu"ervisi !ontra!tor
mulai banya!& !ontra!tor umum membayar dirinya dengan mengo"erasi!an "lan
mulai banya!& "emaso! dibayar berdasar!an $asil.
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Industrial Automation2014
*our distinct businesses
automation e>ui"ment
#control B command)
engineering B
commissioning
"rimary tec$nology
#mec$anical& electrical)
maintenance
B dis"osal
o''ered by di''erent com"anies
8/10/2019 otomasi dan kegunaan
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Overview 1.1 - 14Industrial Automation2014
7ifephases of a (lant 3E!ample6 8ail 9ehicle4
0aintenance(entretien, Unterhalt )
Start on
service
8ecyclin$
(Recyclage, Wiederverwertung )
Out o' service
ommissionin$( mise en service, Inbetriebnahme )
Slee"ing agon C3000En$ineerin$(bureau d’étude, Projektierung )
E:uipment (roduction(production, Herstellung )
air conditioning bra!escontrolE:uipment Desi$n(développement, Entwicklung )
bra!es
bra!es
re"lacement
anu'acturers
Assembler #ensemblier)
lient& Service
car body design by assembler
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Overview 1.1 - 1Industrial Automation2014
8esearch and De;elopment
%$e com"onents and tools are develo""ed
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Overview 1.1 - 17Industrial Automation2014
Desi$n
;rom t$e customerDs re>uirement s"ecs to t$e system design
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Overview 1.1 - 18Industrial Automation2014
(ro$rammin$ and en$ineerin$
* t t T t
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Overview 1.1 - 1?Industrial Automation2014
*actory cceptance Test
%$e client veri'ies t$at t$e system is ready
i i i it
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Overview 1.1 - 1@Industrial Automation2014
ommissionin$ on site
$ard wor! E
0 i t
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Overview 1.1 - 20Industrial Automation2014
0aintenance<
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Overview 1.1 - 21Industrial Automation2014
utomation net"ork ;ie"
Sensor-Actuator Bus
Fieldbus
programmablecontrollers
Control Bus
SCADA level
Control level
Field level
FileEdit Engineering
Operator2
122
33
23
4
direct I/O
transducers / actors
microPLCs
Fieldbus
horizontal communication
v e r t i c a l C o m m .
2.1
2.3
3
4.1
4.2
5
6
4.3
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