p-kva-cww, hmÀfl-i˜. apj-nn{xw : zmdp´-a-am‡, jmzn-bm‡. apj ... · cuk-t¡mb si. hn. l˚‡...
Post on 25-May-2020
3 Views
Preview:
TRANSCRIPT
32006 \hw-_¿ 91
ap°m¬ \q‰m≠v ]n∂n´ ae-bm-f-Ønse GI CkvemanI ]kn-≤o-I-cWw
Printed & Published by A. P. Kunhamoo, for the Kerala Ahmadiyya Jama-at at Geethanjali Offset Press, Feroke, Calicut.Edited by A. M. Muhammed Salim. Typeset, Layout & Cover Design : Victory Creations, CLT - 1.
]pkvXIw 78
e°w 11
\hw_¿ 2006h^m 1385
i∆m¬ ˛ Zp¬ I AZv 1427
No^v FUn-‰¿
auehn apl-ΩZv Ckvambn¬
FUn-‰¿G. Fw. apl-ΩZv kenw
FUn-t‰m-dn-b¬ t_m¿Uv
s]m^. alvaqZv AlvaZv
(sN-b¿am≥)
sI.-hn. Cuk-t°mb
sI. hn. l ≥ tImb
]n. Fw. _jo¿ AlvaZv
sF. sI. AlvaZvIp´n
amt\-P¿
Fw.-sI. Cºn-®n-t°m-b´n
skI- dn
]n. Fw. AlvaZv l ≥
k¿°p-te-j≥ amt\-P¿
Fkv. apl-ΩZv kenw
hcn-kwJy ˛ 100 I.
H‰-]Xn ˛ 10 I.
hnemkw
kXy-Zq-X≥
Pn. F®v. tdmUv, tImgn-t°m-Sv.
t^m¨ : 0495 (Mob.) 5520733
95495 (Land) ^mIvkv : 0495 - 2721609
e-mail: sathyadoothan@ahmadiyya.com
ÿm]nXw
1925
4 bpK-i_vZw
apJ-°p-dn∏v
teJ\w
]m¿∞\m kzoIm-cy-X-bpsS c≠v am¿§-߃
lZvdØv AlvaZv (A)
t]m∏n-s‚ Ckvemw hna¿i-\-Ønse A\u-Nn-Xy-߃
Jeo-^-Øp¬ akolv V"B[p-\nI bqtdm-]y≥ \mK-cn-I-Xbpw
apkvenw kvs]bn\pw'
G.-Iyq. alvZn
Ckvemapw InkvXp-a-Xhpw ˛ Hcp Xmc-Xay]T\w
apl-ΩZv Da¿ F®v.-F., tImgn-t°mSv
CuPn-]vXnse tamsi
G.-Fw. apl-ΩZv kenw
ssZh-\n-bp-‡¿ ITn-\-ambn FXn¿°-s∏-Sp-∂-sX-¥vsIm≠v?
lZvdØv an¿km _io¿ AlvaZv
aX-]-cn-XymKn h[m¿l-\mtWm?
G-.]n. Ip™map
"tam£¿l-amb I£n'
bmkn¿ Ad^mØv
bmX-\-I-fpw ]oU-Ifpw F¥p-sIm≠v?
tUm. C^vXn-Jm¿ AlvaZv Abmkv
5
6
19
12
apJ-NnXw : Zmdp¬-A-am≥, JmZn-bm≥.
8
23
27
29
32
33
41
Ipdn∏pIƒ
sImdnbm ]Xn-k‘n
"da-Zm≥ Zn\w sX‰mbn ]Jym-]n-°-s∏´p'
dm-\nb l_o_v
A\p-kva-cWw, hm¿Ø-Iƒ.
apJ-NnXw : Ckv^-lm-\nse sIm´m-c-Øns‚ ]m¿iz-`mKw
38
42
4 kXyZqX≥
123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456
ZpB
bp-K-i_vZw
ZpB Ad-_n- m-j-bn¬ Xs∂ sNø-W-sa∂v \n¿_-‘-an-√. ImcWw
hn\bw ImWn-°p-Ibpw tIgp-I-bp-amWv \nkvIm-c-Øns‚ bYm¿∞ Dt±-iw.
AXp-sIm≠v (\nkvIm-c-Øn¬ \n›n-X -Im-cy-߃ sNm√p-∂-Xn\p ]pd-sa) amXr-
`m-j-bnepw ZpB sNtø-≠-Xm-Wv. a-\p-jy\v Ahs‚ amXr- m-j-tbmSv ]tXyI
]Xn-]-Øn-bp-≠m-Ip-∂p. AXn¬ Ignhv ]q¿Æ-ambpw ]I-Sn-∏n-°m≥ Ah\v
Ign-bp-∂p. C-X-c- m-j-bn¬ FX ka¿∞-\m-bn-cp-∂mepw Hcp-Xcw Adn-hn-√mbva
\ne-\n¬°p-∂p. AXp-sIm≠v amXr- m-j-bn¬ Xs∂ ZpB sNtø-≠-Xm-Wv.
a¬^q-km-Øv ˛ hmeyw 2 t]. 145
hmKvZØ akolv
\_n-h-N\wA_qlpssdd(d)-bn¬ \n∂v \nth-
Z\w: krjvSn-∏ns‚ Imcyw A√mlp
\n¿∆-ln®p Ign -™-t∏mƒ "Fs‚
ImcpWyw Fs‚ tIm]sØ Ih-®p-
sh°pw' F∂v Xs‚ ]°-ep≈ Htc-Sn¬
A√mlp Fgp-Xn-sh-®p. B GSv knwlm-
k\(-A¿iv)-Øns‚ apI-fn-emWv Ah≥
kq£n-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. (_-pJm-cn)
Jp¿-B-\n¬ \n∂v
hniz-kn-°p-Ibpw k¬°¿
Ωß-f-\p-jvTn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂-
h-cpsS ]m¿∞-\-Iƒ Ah≥
kzoI-cn -°p-Ibpw Ah¿°v
Ah≥ Xs‚ A\p-K-l-Øn¬
\n∂v IqSp-X¬ IqSp-X¬ \¬Ip-
Ibpw sNøp-∂p.
(42:27)
436
52006 \hw-_¿
tI-c-f-\m-Sn\v Biw-k-Iƒ
2006 \hw-_¿ 1 tIcf∏nd-hn-bpsS A≥]Xmw hm¿jnIw BtLm-jn-°p-I-bm-Wv. Cu awK-f-ap-
lq¿Ø-Øn¬ tIcf kwÿm-\-Øn\v "kXy-Zq-Xs‚' lrZ-bwK-a-amb Biw-k-Iƒ. ]≠v Imew
apX¬ _p≤-a-Xhpw lnµp-a-Xhpw \ne-\n-∂n-cp∂ ]pWy-]p-cm-X-\-amb \ΩpsS tIc-f-Øn-emWv C¥y-
bn-em-Zy-ambn InkvXp-a-Xhpw Ckvemw aXhpw FØnt®¿∂-Xv. Bflob ]Nm-c-W-Øn\v FØnb
Ah-cpsS Bi-b-߃°v ChnsS A\p-bm-bn-I-fp-≠m-bn. Ah¿ bmsXmcp A[n-Im-c-tIm-bva-Ifpw
ÿm]n-°msX GtIm-Zc ktlm-Z-c-∑m-sc-t∏mse Pohn-°p-Ibpw ChnsS hf-cp-Ibpw sNbvXp. Ct∏mƒ
B kmwkvIm-cnI [\yX \Ωn¬ FØn-\n¬°p∂p. A√mlp \ΩpsS \mSn\v kam-[m-\hpw t£a-
hpw sFiz-cyhpw ]Zm\w sNø-s´.
1953¬ mjm-Sn-ÿm-\-Øn¬ kwÿm-\-߃ ]p\- w-L-Sn-∏n-t°≠ dnt∏m¿ v C¥ym-K-h¨sa‚n\v
ka¿∏n°s∏´-Xns‚ ASn-ÿm-\-Øn¬ bpK-]-`m-h\pw Zo¿L-Z¿in-bp-amb ][m-\-a¥n ]fin‰v
Ph-l¿em¬ s\lvdp-hns‚ Xmev]-cy-Øn-emWv a‰p mjm kwÿm-\-ß-tfm-sSm∏w tIcf kwÿm\w
cq]w-sIm-≠-Xv. mjm-Sn-ÿm-\-Øn¬ kwÿm-\-߃ cq]w-sIm-≈p-∂-Xn-s\-Xnsc Nne tZ-iob hmZn-
Iƒ Bi-¶-I-fp-b¿Øn-bn-cp-∂p. `mc-X-Øns‚ DZvK-Y\w, `mjm kwÿm-\-ß-fpsS D]-tZ-io-b-X-
IƒsIm≠v Akm-[y-am-hp-sa-∂m-bn-cp∂p Ah-cpsS t]Sn. ]e-t∏mgpw cm-jvS-߃ D≠m-°p∂ IrXna
tZio-b-X-tb-°mƒ auen-I-hpw, ssPhn-I-hpw, kXz-]-Im-i-\Øn-\p-X-Ip-∂-Xp-amWv `mjm-tZ-io-b-X
F∂v B hymP tZio-b-hm-Zn-Iƒ-°v A∂-dn-bn-√m-bn-cp-∂p. kaq-l-Øns‚ \∑°pw AXp-hgn cmPy-
Øns‚ hnIm-k-Øn\pw `mjmt-tZ-io-b-Xbpw `mjm-Sn-ÿm-\-Øn-ep≈ kwÿm\ `c-W-Iq-S-ßfpw
Bh-iy-am-sW∂v tIcfw A\p-`-h-Øn-eqsS sXfn-bn-®n-cn-°p-∂p.
a\p-jys‚ Bflo-bhpw kmaq-lnI-hpamb hy-h-lm-c-Øn\v A\p-t]-£-Wo-b-amb `mj Hcp
ssZhnI krjvSn-bpw AXns‚ sshhn-[y-߃ ssZth-O-]-Im-c-ap-≈Xpam-Wv. ]q¿∆-Im-eØv ]hm-
N-I-∑m¿ t]mepw `mjm-Sn-ÿm-\-Øn-emWv Ab-°-s∏´sX∂v Jp¿-B≥ ]d-bp-∂p.
"\nßsf Ah≥ aÆn¬ \n∂v krjvSn-®p. At∏mƒ \nß-fXm `qan-bn¬ hym]n-°p-∂ a\p-
jy-cmbnØo¿∂n-cn-°p-∂p. CXv Ahs‚ ZrjvSm-¥-ß-fn¬s∏-´-Xm-Wv.... A-hs‚ ZrjvSm-¥-ß-
fn¬s]-´-XmWv BIm-i-ß-fp-tSbpw qan-bp-tSbpw krjvSn∏pw \nß-fpsS mj-I-fp-tSbpw h¿Æ-
ß-fp-tSbpw sshhn-[yhpw. Xo¿®-bmbpw AXn¬ Adn-hp-≈-h¿°v ]e -Zr-jvSm-¥-ß-fpap≠v
(30:21˛23). "\mw Hcp ZqX-t\bpw At±-l-Øns‚ P\-X-bpsS `mj-tbm-sS-b-√msX Ab-®n-´n-√.'
(14:5)
a‰p mjm-k-aq-l-ß-sf-t∏mse ae-bm-fn-Ifpw Hcp mjm kaq-l-ambn Pohn-°pI F∂-Xv ssZh-
Øns‚ C—bpw hn[n-bp-am-Wv. ae-bm-fn-I-fpsS Cu \ntbm-K-Øn\v klm-b-I-c-amb At\Iw ÿm]-
\-ß-fn¬s∏´ Hcp kmaq-lnI ÿm]-\-amWv tIcf kwÿm-\w. ae-bm-fnsb hniz-tØmfw
hf¿Øm\pw hniz am\hnI-X°v al-Ømb kw`m-h-\-Iƒ \¬Im\pw \ΩpsS ]nb-s∏´ tIc-f-
Øn\v Ign-bp-am-dmIs´ F∂p \ap°v ]m¿∞n-°mw.
apJ°pdn∏v
437
6 kXyZqX≥
]m¿∞\ c≠v hgn-I-fn-eq-
sS-bmWv kzoI-cn-°-s∏-SpI F∂
Im cyw Hm¿°p-I. H∂v Hcp ]co-
£Ww F∂ \ne°p≈Xv. at‰Xv
A`n-hr≤n F∂ \ne-°p-≈-Xpw.
]co-£Ww F∂ \ne°v ]m]n-I-
fp-tSbpw A\p-k-c-W-io-e-an-√m-Øh-
cp -tSbpw Ahn -izm -kn -bp -tSXv
t]mepw ]m¿∞\ kzoI-cn-°-s∏-
Spw. ]t£ AØcw kzoIm-cyX
bYm¿∞ ]m¿∞\m kzoIm-cy-X-
bpsS kqN-\-bmbn IcpX-s∏-Sm-\m-
hn-√. AXv ]co-£-W-Øns‚ hgn-
bn-ep≈ kzoIm-cy-X-bm-Wv. A`n-
hr≤nbpsS am¿§-Øn-ep≈ ]m¿
∞\m kzoIm-cy-X-bpsS D]m[n
]m¿∞n-°p-∂-bmƒ k¿∆-i-‡-
\mb ssZh-Øns‚ Xnc-s™-Sp-°-
s∏´bmfm-bn-cn-°-Ww F∂p≈Xm-
Wv. Abm-fpsS ]Im-ihpw D◊bpw
Abm-fpsS F√m-h-i-ß-fn-eq-sSbpw
Zriy-am-hpw. A\p-k-cWw sI´ Hcm-
fpsS ]m¿∞\ bYm¿∞ kzoIm-
cy-X-bmbn k¿∆-i-‡-\mb ssZhw
kzoI-cn-°n-√. kmXzn-I\pw A\p-k-
c-W-bp-≈-h-cp-am-sW∂v ssZhw Icp-
Xp∂ Bfp-I-fpsS ]m¿∞\ amX
ta ssZhw bYm¿∞-Øn¬ kzoI-
cn-°p-I-bp-≈q. ]m¿∞-\-bpsS Cu
c≠v kzoIm-cy-X-Iƒ°p-an-S-bn-ep-≈
hyXym-k-an-Xm-Wv. AXm-bXv ]co-
£-W-sa∂ \ne-bn-ep≈ ]m¿∞-
\-bpsS kzoIm-cy-X°v ]m¿∞n-°p-
∂-bmƒ kmXzn-I-\m-I-W--sat∂m
Abmƒ ssZh-Øns‚ kvt\ln-X≥
BI-W-sat∂m D≈ D-]m-[n-bn-√.
AØcw ]m¿∞-\-Iƒ kzoI-cn-°-
s∏-Sp-tºmƒ ssZhw Ah-tcmSv ]
tXy-I-amb \ne-bn¬ hn\n -ab
_‘Øn¬ G¿s∏-S-W-sa∂pw
\n¿_-‘-an-√. AØ-c-Øn-ep-≈-h-
cpsS ]m¿∞-\-Iƒ A¤p-X-I-chpw
Akm[m-c-W-hp-amb Hcp kw`hw
F∂ \ne-°p≈ \ne-hm-c-Øn-ep-≈-
Xpa-√. A-`n-hr≤n \¬In-s°m≠v
kzoI-cn-°-s∏-Sp∂ ]m¿∞-\-Iƒ°v
Xmsg ]d-bp∂ AS-bm-f-ß-fp-≠m-
bn-cn-°pw.
H∂v. ]m¿∞n-°p-∂-bmƒ km
Xzn-I\pw kXy-k-‘\pw ]cn-
]q¿Æ hy‡n-bp-am-bn-cn-°pw.
c≠v. Abm-fpsS ]m¿∞-\-Iƒ
kzoI-cn -°-s∏-´n -cn°p∂p F∂v
ssZhn-I-h-N-\-ß-fn-eqsS A-bmsf
Adn-bn-°p-∂-Xm-bn-cn-°pw.
aq∂v. Cu ]m¿∞-\-Iƒ an°
Xpw D∂-X-amb \ne-hmcw ]pe¿-Øp-
∂Xpw al-Ømb Imcy-ß-fp-ambn
_‘-s∏-´-Xp-am-bn-cn-°pw. AXns‚
kzoIm-cy-X a\p-jys‚ Bkq-X-
W-a√ F∂v ImWn-°p-∂-Xm-bn-cn-
°pw. F-∂m¬ AXv Xnc-s™-Sp-°-
s∏´ Zmk-∑m-cpsS Imcy-Øn-ep≈
ssZhnI ]`m-h-Øns‚ ]tXyI
amXr-I-bn-ep≈ ]I-S-\-am-bn-cn-°pw.
\mev: ]co-£-W-Øns‚ amXr-I-
bn-ep≈ ]m¿∞-\-Iƒ A]q¿∆-am-
bn-´m-bn-cn°mw kzoI-cn-°-s∏-Sp-I.
F∂m¬ A`n-hr-≤n-bpsS am¿§-Øn-
ep≈ ]m¿∞-\-Iƒ hf-sc-b-[nIw
kzo-I-cn-°-s∏-Sp-∂p. A`n-hr-≤n-bpsS
am¿§-Øn¬ ]m¿∞n-°p-∂-bmƒ
AØcw ]bm-k-ß-fn¬ CS-°nsS
AI-s∏-Sp-∂p. a‰p-≈-h¿ AØcw
]bm-k-ß-fn¬ AI-s∏-Sp-I-bm-sW-
¶n¬ Bfl-l-Xy-bn-eqsS b√msX
AXn¬ \n∂pw c£-s∏-Sm≥ a‰p
am¿§-sam∂pw ImWn-√. Cu tem
IsØ Bcm-[n°p-∂-hcpw ssZh-
Øn¬ \n∂v hfsc AI∂v amdn
Ign-bp∂hcp-amb B-fp-Iƒ henb
ZpxJ-ß-fn-epw, hyk\-ß-fn-epw, tcm
K-ß-fnepw Acm-P-Im-h-ÿ-bnepw
]co -£-W-ß-fnepw AI-s∏-Sp -
tºmƒ AØcw ]co-£-W-ß-fn¬
\n∂pw bmsXmcp c£-bp-an-s√∂v
A\p-`-h-s∏-Sp-∂p. Ah-cpsS hnizm-
k-Øns‚ _e-lo-\-Xbpw k¿∆-i-
‡-\mb ssZh-Øn-ep≈ \ncm-ibpw
ImcWw hnjw Ign-°p-Itbm InW-
‰n¬ NmSp-I-tbm, Bbp[w sIm≠v
Bfl-l-\\w \S-Øp-Itbm sNøp
]m¿∞\m kzoIm-cy-X-bpsS
c≠v am¿§-߃
lZvdØv AlvaZv (A)
438
72006 \hw-_¿
∂p. A-Øcw ]bm-k-I-c -amb
kµ¿ -ß-fn¬ A`n-hr-≤n-bpsS am¿
§-Øn-ep-≈-bmƒ Abm-fpsS hnizm-
k-Øns‚ _ew sIm≠pw ssZh-hp-
ambn Abmƒ°p≈ ]tXy-I-amb
_‘-Øns‚ ASn-ÿm-\-Ønepw
A¤p-X-I-c-amb coXn-bn¬ klm-bn-
°-s∏-Sp-Ibpw sNøp-∂p. ssZh-
Øns‚ kvt\lw hnkva-b-I-c-amb
coXn-bn¬ Ah\n-se-Øp-∂p. AXv
Imc-W-ambn CØcw cl-ky-ß-
fn¬ PmK-X-bp≈ Abm-fpsS lr
Zbw Abm-f-dn-bm-sX-Xs∂ ssZh-k-
lmbw e`n-°p-∂-bm-fm-sW∂v km
£yw hln-°-s∏-Sp-∂p.
A©v: A`n-hr-≤n-bpsS am¿§-
Øn¬ ]m¿∞n-°p-∂-bmƒ Znhym-\p-
K-l-ß-fpsS kzoI¿Øm-hm-bn-
cn°pw. k¿∆-i-‡-\mb ssZhw
Abm-fpsS F√m Imcy-Ønepw
kwc-£-I-\m-bn -cn -°pw. ssZh-
Øns‚ kvt\l-]-Im-ihpw ssZh-
kzo-Im-cy-XbpsS AS-bm-fhpw B
flo-b-l¿jhpw A\p-K-l-ßfpw
Abm-fpsS apJ-ß-fn¬ ]I-S-am-°n-
s°m≠v C]-Imcw hnfn®v ]d-bp-∂-
Xv t]mse bmbn-cn-°mw. "Ah-cpsS
apJ-ß-fn¬ kpJm-\p-`q-Xn-bqsS
]k-∂X \o I-≠n-cn°pw' (83:25).
]d-bpI: Xo¿®-bmbpw A√m-lp-
hns‚ anX-߃ Ah¿°v Hcp
`bhpw D≠m-bn-cn -°p-I-bn-√.
Ah¿ hyk-\n-°p-I--bp-an-√. (10:63).
(X-kvZo-°≥ \_n 43-˛45)
(The Essence of Islam - P-161)
Da¿(-d) \nth-Z\w Xncp-ta-\n(-k) Cßns\ Acp-fp-∂Xv
Rm≥ tI´p: a¿b-ans‚ ]pXs\ In-kvXym-\n-Iƒ AXn-
cp-I-S∂p ]iw-kn-°p-t]mse Fs∂ \n߃ ]iw-kn-
°-cp-Xv. Rm≥ A√m-lp-hns‚ Zmk≥ am-X-am-Ip-∂p.
AXp-sIm≠v Fs∂-°p-dn®v A√m-lp-hns‚ Zmk≥.
Ahs‚ ZqX≥ Fs∂√mw ]d-™p-sIm-≈p-I.
(_p-Jm-cn)
apJ-kvXpXn
439
8 kXyZqX≥
Ckvemw _em¬°m-c-Øn
s‚ aX-am-sW∂v AapkvenwIƒ
]d-bp-∂-Xns‚ hkvXp-X-sb-¥mWv?
Ch¿ ]d-bp-∂Xv ss_km‚nbw
cmPm-hn\v Jp¿-Bs‚ Iev]-\-I-sf-
°p-dn®v hnh-c-ap-≠m-bn-cp-∂p-sh-∂m
Wv. F∂m¬, Jp¿-B≥ F¥mWv
]d--bp-∂-sX∂p t\m°p-I. A√mlp
]d-bp∂p:
A√m-lp, \_n(-k) Xncp-ta-\n-
sb-s°m≠v hnfw-_cw sNøn-®p.
temI-tØmSp ]d-bp-I, Ckvemw
kXy-am-Wv. AXv \nß-fpsS c£n-
Xm-hn¬ \n∂pf-f-Xm-Wv. AXp-sIm
≠v GsXm-cmƒ Dt±-in-°p-∂p thm
Ah≥ hniz-kn-°-s´. GsXm-cmƒ
Dt±-in-°p-∂pthm Ah≥ Ahn-iz-
kn-°-s´. (18:30) ImcWw Zo\n-"aX'
Im-cy-ß-fn¬ _e-]-tbmKw ]mSn√.
ho≠pw A√mlp hnip≤ -Jp¿-
B-\n¬ ]d-bp∂p:
]hm-N-I-tc, Xm¶ƒ P\-ß-
tfmSp ]d-bp-I. a\p-jy-tc, \nß-fp
sS c£n-Xm-hn¬ \n∂v \n߃°v
kXyw h∂p-In-´n-bn-cn-°p-∂p. AXn-
\m¬ Bsc-¶nepw t\¿am¿§w ]m
]n-°p-∂-Xm-bm¬ Ah≥ Xs‚
KpW-Øn-\p-t-h-≠n-Ø-s∂-bmWv
t]m∏ns‚ Ckvemw hna¿i-\-Ønse A\u-Nn-Xy-߃ (XpS¿®)
dkq¬ Xncp-ta-\n(-k)bpsS PohnXw Xs∂ aX-k-ln-jvWp-X-bp-tSbpw
kulm¿±-Øn-t‚bpw D÷z-e am-Xr-I-I-fm-Wv.
Jeo- -Øp¬ akolv V
t\¿am¿§w ]m]n-°p-∂-Xv. h√-
h\pw hgn-sX-‰n-t∏m-Ip-∂-]£w
X\n°v tZmj-I-c-am-bn-´p-X-s∂-bm-
Wv Ah≥ hgn sX‰n-t∏m-Ip-∂-Xv.
Rm≥ \nß-fpsS ta¬ Imcy-\n¿hm-
l-I-\√ (10:109)
CXv \_n(-k) Xncp-ta\n ]m
h¿Øn-I-am°n ImWn-°p-Ibpw sN
bvXp. A≥km-dp-Iƒ X߃°p
P\n® Ip´n-Isf Ah-cpsS P\-\-k-
a-bØv blq-Zn-I-fmb _\p-\-ko¿
tKmX-°m¿°v hf¿Øp-hm≥ sIm
Sp-Øn-cp-∂p. _\p \ko¿ tKmXw
Nne Ip‰w sNbvX ImcW-Øm¬
\mSp-I-S-Ø-s∏-´p. At∏mƒ A≥
km-dp-Iƒ Xß-fpsS a°sf Xncn®p
tNmZn-®p. \_n(-k) ]d™p: AXv
]mSn-√. \n߃ sImSp-Ø-Xv, sImSp-
Ø-Xp-Xs∂. Hcp Xc-Øn-ep≈
_em¬°m-chpw ]mSn-√. Ah¿
Ah-cp-sS-b-Sp-Øp-Xs∂ Xma-kn
°pw. CXm-bn-cp∂p Ahn-SsØ
A≤ym-]-\w. C°m-c-W-Øm¬ Ahn-
SsØ A\p-bm-bn-I-fpw Jeo-^-
amcpw AXv a\- n-em°n ]h¿Øn-
®n-cp∂p.
lkvdØv Da¿(-d)s‚ Hc-Sna
kzbw ]d-bp∂p: apkvenam-Im≥
lZvdØv Da¿ ]e ]mhiyw F
t∂mSp ]d-™p. ]t£, Rm≥
\ntj-[n-°p-tºmƒ Ahn-S∂v ]d-
bpw, icn-X-s∂. Ckveman¬ _e-
]-tbm-K-an-√. Ahn-SsØ ac-W-k-
abw ASp-Øp-h-∂-t∏mƒ, Rm≥
\ns∂ kzX-¥-\m-°p-∂p-sh∂v
Da¿ Xs‚ ASn-a-tbmSp ]d-™p.
\n\-°n-jvS-ap-≈-S-tØ°v t]mImw.
Ckvemanse aX-kzm-X-¥y-Øns‚
]mT-an-Xm-Wv. ]h¿Ø\w CXm-Wv.
ASn-a-bpsS ta¬t]mepw _ew
]tbm-Kn-®n-√. t]m∏v kmln_v ]d-
bp-∂Xv AI-ahpw _em¬°m-chpw
sNøm≥ Ckvemw Iev]n-°p-∂p-sh-
∂mWv.
Jp¿-B≥ ]d-bp-∂-Xv,
]hm-N-I-tc, KŸw \evI-s∏-
´-h-tcmSpw \nc-£-c-tcmSpw (_-lp-
ssZ-hm-cm-[-I-tcm-Spw) \n߃ Ckv
emw kzoI-cn-°p-∂pthm F∂p tNm
Zn-°p-I. Ah¿ A\p-k-cn-°p-I-bm-
sW-¶n¬, Ckvemw kzoI-cn-°p-I-bm-
sW-¶n¬ Ah¿ t\¿am¿§w ]m]n-
®p. C\n Ah¿ ]n¥n-cn™p If-
bp-∂-Xm-bm¬ FØn-°pI F∂Xp
amX-amWv \n\-°p≈ _m[y-X.
A√mlp (-X-s‚) Zmk-∑m-cpsS
440
92006 \hw-_¿
ÿnXn-K-Xn-Iƒ \√-t]mse I≠p-
sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂-h-\m-Wv. (3:21). A
Xm-b-Xv, Bsc ]nSn-Iq-S-W-sa∂pw
Bsc in£n-°-Wsa∂pw Fßs\
s]cp-am-d-W-sa-∂p-sams° t\mt°-
≠Xv A√m-lp-hns‚ tPmen-bm-Wv.
Rmt\m-Xnb Ah-km-\sØ hN\w
a°m-hn-P-b-Øn-\p-tijw Ah-X-cn-
®-Xm-Wv. A∂v i‡nbpw ]Xm-
]hpw Ckveman\v ssIh∂n-cp-∂p.
Bt£]w D∂-bn-°p-∂-Xn-\p-]-Icw
hn-th-I-tØmSpw \oXn-tbm-Spw-IqSn
Imcy-߃ hni-Ie\w sNøp-I-
bmWv th≠-Xv.
_e-]-tbmKw \S-Øn-sb∂v
]d-bp-∂-Xn\v Hcp-Zm-l-cWw t]mepw
Ckveman¬ In-´p-I-bn-√. \_n(-k)
Xncp-ta\n _e-]-tbmKw \S-Øn-
sb∂ Bt£]w D∂-bn-°m\pw
Im]-Sy-tØmsS Bsc-¶nepw Ckv
emw kzoI-cn-°p-∂-Xp-t]mepw Ahn-
S∂v kln-®n-cp-∂n-√. Hcp \nth-Z-\-
Øn¬ h∂n-cn-°p-∂p. Ahn-izm-kn-
bmb Hcp XS-hp-Im-c≥ lmP-cm-°-
s∏-´p. Xs∂ F¥n-\mWv XS-hn-em-
°n-b-Xv? Xm≥ apk¬am\m sW∂v
Abmƒ ]d-™p. Ahn-Sp∂v ]d-
™p. Aß-s\-b-√, \o BZysa
Ckvemw kzoI-cn-®n-cp-∂p-sh-¶n¬
AXv t\cm-Ip-am-bn-cp-∂p. Ct∏mƒ
Xm¶ƒ bp≤-Ø-S-hp-Im-c-\m-Wv. kz
X-¥-\m-Ip-∂-Xn-\p-th-≠n-bmWv ap
kvenam-Ip-∂-Xv. \n¿_-‘n®v At±
lsØs°m≠v Ckvemw kzo-I-cn-∏n-
°m≥ Ahn-Sp∂v CjvS-s∏-´n -√.
F∂-√, Ahn-Sp∂v BK-ln-®n-cp-
∂Xv lrZbw A√m-lp-hns‚ k∂n-
[n-bn¬ ka¿∏n-°m-\m-Wv. ]n∂oSv
B XS-hp-Im-cs\ tamNn-∏n-°p-Ibpw
sNbvXp.
Ckveman¬ bp≤w sNøm≥
Iev]-\-bp-≠v. AXv iXp bp≤w
XpS-cp-∂-Xp-hsc amX-am-Wv. As√-
¶n¬ Acm-P-IXzw C√m-Xm-Ip-∂-Xp-
h-sc-bm-Wv. Ahÿ km[m-cW
\nebn-em-hp-Ibpw, Ipg∏w Ah-km-
\n-°p-Ibpw sNbvXm¬ ]ns∂ \n
߃°v bp≤w sNøm≥ Ah-Im-i-
an-√. hnip≤ Jp¿-B-\n¬ A√mlp
]d-bp∂p:
A√tbm apkvenwI-tf, \nß-
tfmSp bp≤w sNøp-∂-h-tcmSv \nß
fpw bp≤w sNøpI; ^nXv\ C√m-
Xm-Ip-Ibpw aXw (kzo-I-cn-°p-∂-Xv)
A√m-lp-hn-\p-th-≠n-bp-≈-Xm-hp-I
bpw sNøp-∂-Xp-hsc. F∂m¬, A
h¿ hnc-an-°p-I-bm-sW-¶n¬, AI-
an-I-f-√m-Ø-h-cp-sS-ta¬ Hcp ssI
tø‰w hnln-X-a-√. (2:194)
\nß-tfmSp bp≤w sNøp∂
kXy-\n-tj-[n-I-tfmSp nXv\ C√m-
Xm-Ip-∂-Xp-hsc \nßfpw bp≤w
sNøm≥ A√mlp ]d-bp-∂p. CXn
s\ hni-Zo-I-cn-®p-sIm≠v Hcn-SØv
]d-™n-cn-°p-∂p. C_v\p Da¿(-d)
]d-bp∂p: Rm≥ Cu Iev]\ ]m
h¿Øn-I-am-°n-b-Xn-ß-s\-bm-Wv.
\_n(-k) Xncp-ta-\n-bpsS ImeØv
apkvenwIƒ hfsc Ipd-hm-bn-cp-∂-
t∏mƒ, Ckvemw hniz-kn-°p-∂-bm
sf aX-Øns‚ t]cn¬ kXy-\n-tj-
[n-Iƒ ]oUn-∏n-®n-cp∂p. Nnesc
sIm√p-Ibpw Nnesc XS-hn-em-°p-
Ibpw sNbvXn-cp-∂p. apkvenwI-fpsS
FÆw s]cp-Ip-Ibpw i‡n IqSp-
Ibpw ]pXp-hn-izm-kn-Isf Hcp ^n
Xv\bpw _m[n-°m-Xn-cn-°p-Ibpw
sNøp-∂-Xp-hsc R߃ bp≤w
sNbvXp. kXy-\n-tj-[n-I-fn¬ \n
∂p≈ nXv\ Ah-km-\n-®-tXmsS,
F√m Imcy-ßfpw Ah-km-\n-®p.
ho≠pw A√mlp ]d-bp∂p:
hniz-kn-®-h-tc, \n߃ \oXn
°p km£yw hln-°p-∂-h-cmbn
A√m-lp-hn\v th≠n \ne-sIm-≈p
I. Hcp kap-Zm-b-tØm-Sp≈ hn
tcm[w Ah-tcmSv \oXn-]m-en°mXn-
cn-°m≥ \nßsf t]cn-∏n-°m-Xn-cn-
°-s´. \n߃ \oXn ]men-°p-I.
AXv ssZh-`-‡n-bp-ambn G‰hpw
ASp-Ø-Xm-Wv. \n-߃ A√m-lp-
hns\ `b-s∏-Sp-I. Xo¿®-bmbpw
A√mlp \n߃ ]h¿Øn-°p-∂-
Xn-s\-°p-dn®v kq£va-ambn Adn-hp-
≈-h-\m-Wv. (5:9)
Cu \oXn-bm-bn-cp∂p \_n
(k) Xncp-ta-\n-bpsS Pohn-X-Im-e
Øv Hcp C≥Izn-em_v D≠m-°n-b-Xv.
AXn-\p-ti-jhpw Cu am‰w D≠m-
bn. klm_namcpsS PohnXw t\m
°p-Ibpw, ]cn-tim-[n-°p-Ibpw sN
øp-I-bm-sW-¶n¬, Ah-cn-ep-≠mb
am‰w _em¬°m-c-]q¿∆w aXw amdp-
∂-Xp-sIm≠v D≠m-Ip-I-bn-s√∂v
ImWmw. F∂m¬, lrZ-b-Øn¬ am
‰-ap-≠m-Ip-tºmgpw iXp-°ƒt]m
epw BIr-jvS-cmbn amdpw-hn-[-ap≈
s]cp-am‰w D≠m-Ip-tºm-gp-amWv B
Ahÿ hcp-∂-Xv.
a°m-hn-P-b-Øns‚ Ah-k-c-
Øn-ep-≠mb kw`hw t\m°p-I.
CIvcna Ckvemans‚ ITn-\-i-Xp-hm-
bn-cp-∂p. Abmƒ \mSp-hn-t´m-Sn.
At±-l-Øns‚ `mcy At±-lsØ
Xncn-®p-sIm-≠p-h-cm≥, \_n(-k) Xn-
cp-ta-\n-tbmSv am∏n\v At]-£n-®p.
Ahn-Sp∂v am∏v \evIn. ]n∂oSv At±-
-l-Øn-ep-≠mb am‰w F¥m-bn-cp-
∂p? hmfns‚ i‡n-bm-ep-≠m-°m-
hp∂ am‰-am-bn-cp-∂n√ A-Xv. kvt\
l-Øn-eq-sS-b-√msX D≠m-°m≥
Ign-bmØ A`n-hr-≤n-bmWv At±-l-
Øns‚ hn-izm-k-Øn-ep-≠m-b-Xv.
Bflm¿∞-X-sIm≠v At±-l-Øn
s‚ lrZbw \nd-™p. AXv kvt\l-
Øn-eq-sS-b-√msX D≠m-Ip-am-bn-cp-
∂n-√. XymK-Øns‚ \ne Db¿∂p.
AXv lrZ-b-Øn\p am‰-ap-≠m-ImsX
h¿≤n-°p-am-bn-cp-∂n-√. Ckveman
s‚ A`n-am\w At±-l-Øn¬ Ae-
X-√n. AXv Ckveman-I-]m-Tw- a-\- n-
em-°msX km[y-am-bn -cp -∂n-√.
kvt\l-Øn-s‚bpw CkvemanIm`n-
am-\-Øn-s‚bpw amXrI klm-_
Øv ImgvN-sh-®p. CkvemanI Ncn
Xw Cu kw -h-ß-fm¬ \nd-™p-In-
S-°p-∂p. Ah-cn¬ Hcm-sf-°p-dn-
®mWv Rm≥ ]d-™p-h-cp-∂-Xv.
CIvcn-a, F√m bp≤-ß-fnepw \_n
(k)-s°-Xn-cn¬ t]mcm-Sn. Ckveman
s\ D∑qe-\w sNøm≥ F√m coXn
bnepw ]b-Xv\n-®p. Ah-km\w
a°m-hn-P-b-ap-≠m--b-t∏mƒ \_n(-k)-
441
10 kXyZqX≥
bpsS ap-ºn¬ \nµy-\m-I-W-at√m
Ft∂m¿Øv a°-bn¬ \n∂v HmSn-
t∏m-bn. F∂m¬, At±lw apkven
am-bn-°-gn-™-t∏mƒ Bflm¿∞X
FX-amXw XpSn-®p-sh-∂p-sh-®m¬,
lZvdØv A_q-_-°-dns‚ Jnem-
^Øp ImeØv At±lw cmPy-tZm-
ln-Isf D∑q-e\w sNøm≥ Poh≥
]Wbw sh®v t]mcm-Sn. Acn-hmƒ
sIm≠v ]p√p-Iƒ Acn-™p-ho-gp-∂-
Xp-t]mse Bfp-Iƒ acn-®p-ho-Wp.
B ka-bØv CIvcna, Iq´p-Im-tc
bpw Iq´n iXp-hns‚ \Sp-hn-te°p
IpXn-®p-Nm-Sn. Nne-bm-fp-Iƒ At±-
lsØ XS-™n-cp-∂p. ]t£, CIv
cna AXw-Ko-I-cn-°m≥ Xøm-dm-bn-√.
emØbv°pw D bv°pw th≠n
Rm≥ apl-ΩZv (k)-s∂-Xnsc t]m
cm-Sn-b-h-\m-Wv. C∂v A√m-lp-hns‚
am¿§-Øn¬ t]mcm-Sp-∂-Xn¬ Rm≥
]n∂n-em-hp-I-bn-√. bp≤w Ign-™-
t∏mƒ, Ip¥hpw hmfpw sIm≠v
icocw apgp-h≥ apdn-hp-]-‰nb \ne-
bn¬ At±-l-Øns‚ PUw I≠p.
At±-l-Øns‚ kmº-ØnI XymK-
sØ--°p-dn®v ]d-bp∂p: K\o-a-Øp-ap-
X¬ In´p-tºmƒ CIvcna AXv Zm\w
sNøp-am-bn-cp-∂p. Iøb®v sNe-h-
gn-°p-am-bn-cp-∂p. lrZ-b-Øn-ep-≠m-
Ip∂ am‰-am-Wn-Xv. hmfns‚ i‡n-
bm¬ Cu am‰w D≠m-Ip-I-bn-√.
_ew ]tbm-Kn®v Ckveman¬
Bsf tN¿Øn-cp∂p F∂ hna¿i-
I-cpsS Bt£]w If-hm-sW∂v
sXfn-bn-°p∂ [mcmfw kw -h-߃
sIm≠v NcnXw \nd-™p-In-S-°-∂p.
\_n(-k) Xncp-ta-\n-bpsS A≤ym-]-
\-sa-¥m-bn-cp-∂p? Nne kw`-h-߃
\mw I≠p-I-gn-™p.
\_n(-k) Xncp-ta\n ]d-bp∂p:
a≥J-Xe apB-ln-Z≥ ew bdlv
dmC-l-ج P∂Øn
hm°mtem ]hr-Øn-bmtem
D≈ DS-º-Sn-bpsS ^e-ambn Ckv
emanI`c-W-Øn≥ Iogn¬ ]th-in-
®p-I-gn-™n´p≈ Hcp Aapkven
ans\ h√ apkvenapw h[n-®m¬ Cl-
temI in£ IqSmsX ]c-tem-I
Øpw kz¿§-Øns‚ kp -K‘w
Ah≥ Bkz-Zn-°p-∂-X-√.
\_n(-k) Xncp-ta-\n-bpsS J-eo-
^-am-cpsS kº-Zmbw F¥m-bn-cp-
∂p? AapkvenwI-fn¬ \n∂v I¿i-
\-ambn Pnkvb ]ncn-s®-Sp-°p∂ Hcp
ÿeØv IqsS lZvdØv Da¿(-d)
t]mIp-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p. AXp I≠-
t∏mƒ DSs\ At±lw AhnsS
\n∂p. F¥mWv ]iv\-sa∂v tZzjy-
tØmsS tNmZn-®p. Ch¿ Pnkvb
AS-°p -∂n -s√∂pw, X߃°v
AXn\v Ign-hn-s√∂v Ch¿ ]d-bp-
∂p-sh∂pw Adn-bn-®p. lZvdØv
Da¿(-d) ]d™p: Ah¿°v Ign-hn-
√m-Ø-Xp-sIm≠v Ah-cp-sS-ta¬
`mcw Npa-Øm≥ Hcp Imc-W-hp-an-√.
Ahsc hn´-b°pI. "Bcm-tWm
Cl-tem-IØv P\ßsf _p≤n-ap-
´n-°p-∂Xv Ah≥ Jnbm-a-Øp-∂mƒ
A√m-lp-hns‚ in£-bv°n-c-bmIpw'
F∂v \_n(-k) ]d-™Xv Rm≥
tI´n -´p -≠v. Aßs\ Ah¿°v
Pnkvb am∏m-°-s∏-´p.
\_n(-k) Xn-cp-ta\n Xm°oXv
sNbvXp ]d™ Imc-W-Øm¬ lZv
dØv Da¿ (d) Aapkvenw ]P-Isf
]tXyIw Ku\n-®n-cp-∂p. AXns‚
^e-ambn ac-W-i-ø-bn¬ sh®v
Xs‚ tijw hcp∂ Jeo- -am-tcmSv
At±lw Cßs\ hkn-øØv sN
bvXn-cp-∂p. F\n-°p-tijw hcp∂
Jeo-^sb Rm\p-]-tZ-in-°p-I-bm-
Wv. CkvemanI `c-W-Øn≥Io-gn¬
Ign-bp∂ Aapkvenw ]P-I-tfmSp
hfsc arZp-hmbpw kvt\l-tØm-Sp-
Iq-Snbpw s]cp-am-td-≠-Xm-Wv. Ah-
tcmSv sNbvXn- p≈ Icm-dp-I-ƒ ]men-
°p-I. Ahsc kwc-£n-°p-I.
Ah¿°p th≠n Ah-cpsS iXp-°-
tfmSp bp≤w sNøp-I. Ah¿°v
hln-°m≥ Ign-bp-∂-Xn-t\-°mƒ
IqSp-X¬ `mcw Ah-cp-sS-ta¬ Npa-
Ø-cp-Xv.
apkvenwIƒ _ew ]tbm-Kn-
°p-∂-h-cmbncps∂-¶n¬ Cu Ah
ÿ AhnsS Fß-s\-bm-Wp-≠m-
bXv? Jbv_dnse blq-Zn-I-tfmSp
\_n(-k) sNbvX DS-º-Sn-sb-°p-dn®v
t\m°p-I. aZo-\-bn¬ sN∂-t∏mƒ
Ah-cp-ambn sNbvX DS-º-Sn-bm-bn-
cp∂p AXv. \_n(-k) Xncp-ta\n
Ah-cpsS hnf-sh-Sp∏v ka-bØv
apkvenwI-fpsS Hm-lcn hmßp-∂-Xn-
\mbn lZvdØv A_vZp-√m-lp_v\p
dhm-l(-d)sb Ab-°m-dp-≠m-bn-cp-
∂p. Xncp-ta-\n(-k)-bpsS \n¿t±-i-a-
\p-k-cn®v A_vZp-√mlv _n≥ dhm-
l(-d) hfsc arZp-e-ambn Ah-tcmSp
s]cp-am-dn-bn-cp-∂p. AsX-X-tØm-f-
sa-∂p-sh-®m¬, [m\yw c≠mbn ho
Xn-®v, GsXmcp `mK-amtWm CjvS-
s∏-Sp∂Xv AsX-Sp-Øp-sIm-≈m≥
blq-Zn-I-tfmSp ]dp-b-am-bn-cp-∂p.
Ah-sc-Sp-Ø-Xns‚ _m°n-bmWv
At±lw FSp-°m-dp-≠m-bn-cp-∂-Xv.
lZvdØv Da¿(-d) ZnΩn-Isf ]
tXyIw i≤n-°-W-sa∂v Xs‚
A\p-bm-bn-I-tfmSp ]d-bm-dp-≠m-bn-
cp-∂p. Fs¥¶nepw hnj-a-apt≠m
F∂v Ft∏mgpw Ah-tcmSv tNmZn-
°p-am-bn-cp-∂p.
ZnΩn-I-fpsS Hcp kwLw lZv
dØv Da¿ (d)s‚ k∂n-[n-bn¬ lm
P-cm-°-s∏-´p. apkvenwI-fn¬ \n∂v
\n߃°v Fs¥-¶nepw _p-≤n-ap-
´pt≠m F∂mWv BZy-ambn lZv
dØv Da¿(-d) Ah-tcmSp tNmZn-®-Xv.
]Xn⁄m \n¿h-l-Whpw \√ s]
cp-am-‰-hp-a-√msX as‰m∂pw X߃
apkvenwI-fn¬ I≠n-´n-√∂v Ah¿
]d-™p.
imw Pbn-®-S-°n-b-t∏mƒ apkv
enwIƒ Ahn-sSsØ InkvXym-\n-
I-fn¬ \n∂v SmIvkv ]ncn-®p. Ipd-
®p-\mƒ°p-tijw ho≠pw tdmam-`-
c-W-Iq-S-Øn¬ \n∂pw bp≤- o-j-Wn-
bp-≠m-bn. At∏mƒ imanse Ckv
eman Aao¿ lZvdØv A_q-D-_-
bvZ(-d) ]ncn-s®-SpØ F√m SmIvkpw
InkvXym-\n-Iƒ°v Xncn-®p-\-evIn-
s°m≠p ]d-™p. bp≤w Imc-W-
Øm¬ \nß--tfm-Sp≈ ISa \nd-th-
442
112006 \hw-_¿
‰m≥ R߃°v km[n-°msX h∂n-
cn-°p-I-bm-Wv. AXp-sIm≠v Cu
SmIvkv ssIbn¬h-bv°pI. CXv
R߃°v A\p-h-Z-\o-b-a-√. In
kvXy-\nIƒ CXv I≠n´v apkvenw
Iƒ°p th≠n ]m¿∞n-°m≥ XpS-
ßn. Ah¿ ]d™p: tdmam-°m-cpsS
ta¬ hnPbw hcn-°m≥ ssZhw
\nßsf A--\p-K-ln-°p-am-dm-I-s´.
ho≠pw Cu cmPy-Øns‚ c-Wm-[n-
Im-cn-I-fm-bn-Øo-c-s´. CXm-bn-cp∂p
apkvenwI-fpsS \S-]-Sn. Aßs\
ho≠pw hnP-b-ap-≠mbn. apkvenw
Iƒ `c-W-Øn¬ h∂p. ho≠pw
SmIvkv hm-ßm≥ XpS-ßn.
CXn-\mtWm _e-]-tbmKw
F∂p ]d-bp∂Xv? \_n(-k) Xncp-
ta-\n-bpsS ]cn-ip≤ hy‡n-Xz-Øn-
\p-ta¬ Bt£]w D∂-bn-°p-∂-h¿
\oXn-tbm-Sp-IqSn t\m°p-Ibpw Ncn
Xw ]Tn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-I-bm-sW-
¶n¬ AapkvenwIƒ°pth≠n A
hn-Sp∂v FX-tØmfw thZ-\n-®n-cp-
∂p-sh∂v ImWm≥ Ign-bpw. Ckvem
an-te°v Ahsc £Wn-®Xv kvt\
l-tØmSpw im¥-X-tbmSpw IqSn-bm-
bn-cp-∂p. \_n(-k) Xncp-ta-\nbpw
Ahn-SpsØ klm-_n-amcpw Xß-
fpsS hnP-b-Øn-t‚bpw `c-W-Øn-
t‚bpw ImeØpw AapkvenwI-
fpsS Imcy-߃ Hcp-]mSv i≤n-®n-
cp-∂p-sh∂v Hcp \nth-Z-\-Øn¬
h∂nc-n -°p-∂p. aZo-\-bn¬ Hcp
blqZn sNdp-∏-°m-c\v AkpJw
]nSn-s∏-´p. \_n(-k) Xncp-ta\n
AXdn-™-t∏mƒ Ahs\ ImWm≥
t]mbn. Ahs‚ ]cn-Xm-]-I-c-amb
Ahÿ I≠n v Ahn-Sp∂v Ah-s\
-Ckveman-te°v £Wn-®p. \_n
(k)s‚ hm°p-I-fn¬ Ah≥ X¬]-
c-\m-bn. B ka-bØv Xs‚ ASpØv
Ahs‚ ]nXmhv \n¬]p≠-mbn-cp-
∂p. Hcp tNmZyw F∂ cq]-Øn¬
Ah≥ Xs‚ ]nXm-hn-s\-t\m-°n. \o
kzoI-cn-°p-s∂-¶n¬ kzoI-cn-®p-sIm-
≈pI F∂v ]nXmhv ]d-™p.
Ah≥ Iena sNm√n apkvenambn.
AXn¬ \_n (k) Xncp-ta\n hfsc
kt¥m-jn-®p, ]d-™p: A√m-lp-
hns‚ Hcm-flmhv A·n-bpsS hgn-
bn¬ \n∂v c£-s∏´p.
Rm≥ hnh-cn® Jp¿-B-\nI
]mT-ß-fn¬ \n∂pw \_n(-k) Xncp-
ta-\n-bpsS Pohn-X-am-Xr-I-bn¬
\n∂pw AXn-Iaw ImWn®p F∂v
Ch¿ D∂-bn-°p∂ Btcm-]-W-
Øns‚ bmYm¿∞yw F¥m-sW∂v
hy‡-am-bn. Ckvemw hmfns‚
i‡n-bm-emtWm ]c-∂-sX∂v ]I-
S-am-bn. kvs]bn-\n¬ Ch¿ ImWn®
]h¿Ø-\-sØ-°p-dn®v XpS-°-
Øn¬ Rm≥ kqNn-∏n-®n-cp-∂p. AXn-
eqsS C°q-´-cpsS X\n-\n-dhpw hy
‡-am-bn. ]t£, Hmdn-b‚-en-Ãp-I-
fn¬ \oXnsb kvt\ln-°p∂ In
kvXym-\n-I-fp-≠v. Ah¿ \_n(-k)-
sb-°p-dn®v F¥mWv ]d-bp-∂-Xv?
Im¿sse¬ Xs‚ KŸ-Øn-se-
gp-Xp-∂p: apl-ΩZv I-≈-hm-Zn-bm-bn-
cp∂p F∂ Imcyw \Ω-fn¬ (In-
kvXym-\n-I-fn¬) hnJym-X-am-bn- p≈
XmWv. At±-l-Øns‚ aXw `m¥-
Xzhpw aqV-k-¶-ev]-hp-am-Wv. Cu
F√m Imcy-ßfpw sX‰m-bn-cp-∂p-
sh∂v C∂v P\߃°v t_m[y-am-
bn-s°m-≠n-cn-°p-∂p. Cu a\p-jy-
s\-°p-dn®v (ap-l-ΩZv (k)s\ °pdn-
®v) bmYm-ÿn-Xn-I-cmb InkvXym-
\n-Iƒ ]d-™p-]-c-Ønb If-hmb
Imcy-ß-sf√mw \ΩpsS \nµy-X
bv°p Imc-W-am-Ip-∂p. Cu a\p-
jy≥ (\-_n(-k) Xn-cp-ta\n, ]d™
Imcy-߃ 1200 h¿j-ambn 18 tImSn
P\-ß-fpsS k∑m¿§-ambn \ne-sIm-
≈p-∂p. C°m-eØv FX-tØmfw
Bfp-Iƒ ap-l-ΩZv (k)s‚ KŸ-
Øn¬ hniz-kn-°p-∂p-thm, AXn-t\-
°mƒ IqSp-X¬ Bcp-tSbpw KŸ-
Øn¬ C°m-esØ P\-߃ hniz-
kn-°p-∂n-√. Hcp I≈-hm-Zn-bmWv
Cu aXw ]c-Øn-bXv F∂ A`n-]m-
b-tØmSv F\n-s°m´pw tbmPn-∏n-√.
A`n-]m-b-hy-Xym-k-ap≈ Imcy-
ß-fpw, sX‰mb Imcy--ß-fp-sams°
Fgp-Xn-bp- p≈ BfmWv k¿ hneyw
aq¿. F¶n-epw- A-t±lw Fgp-Xp∂p:
\_n(-k) Xncp-ta\n Fs∂-t∂-°p-
ambn Atd-_y≥ \m´n¬ Zo¿ L-Im-
e-ambn \ne-\n-∂p-h∂ F√m \nc¿
∞I Imcy-ß-tfbpw C-√m-Xm-°n.
CkvemanI kaq-l-Øn-\p≈ khn-
ti-j-Kp-W-߃ Ipd-®-√. a‰p≈
Hcp aX-Øn-ep-an-√mØ tijvT-amb
KpW-߃ Ckveman-ep-s≠-∂-Xn¬,
AXn\v A`n-am-\n-°m≥ hI-bp-≠v.
FtUz¿Uv Kn∫¨ Fgp-Xp
∂p: \_n(-k) Xncp-ta-\n-bpsS Pohn-
X-Ønse G‰hpw Ah-km-\sØ
Nn¥-\o-b-amb Imcyw, At±-l-
Øns‚ ]hm-N-IXzw P\-߃°v
KpWw sNbvtXm AX√ tZmjw
sNbvtXm F∂-Xm-Wv. \_n(-k)
Xncp-ta-\n-bpsS ITn-\-hn-tcm-[n-I-fpw,
InkvXym-\n-I-fpw, blq-Zn-Ifpw
At±-lsØ ]hm-N-I-\mbn AwKo-
I-cn-°m-Xn-cn-s°-Ø-s∂, Ahn-S∂v
(k) ]hm-N-I-Xz-hmZw Hcp ^e-]-
Z-amb Imcy-Øn-\p-th≠n sNbvXp
F∂v kΩ-Xn-°p-∂-h-cm-Wv. AXm-
b-Xv, kz¥w aXsØ°mfpw \√-
XmWv Ckvemw aXw F∂v Ah¿
kΩ-Xn-°p-∂p. \_n(-k) Xncp-ta-\n,
]m]-]-cn-lmc kn≤m-¥sØ \a-
kvIm-c-ßfpw, t\mºpw, Zm\-[¿Ω-
ß-fp-am-°n-am-‰n. AXv hfsc at\m-
l-c-am-bXpw EPp-hm-b-Xp-amb Imcy-
am-Wv. _nw_-ß-fn¬ A¿∏n-®n-cp∂
a\p-jys‚ Xym-K-߃ hn]m-S\w
sNbvXp. \_n(-k) apkvenwI-fn¬
kvt\l-Øn-t‚bpw sFIy-Øn-t‚
bpw Hcp B-flmhv DuXn. ]c-kv]cw
\∑ sNøm≥ \n¿t±-in-®p. Ah-cpsS
]Icw ho´m-\p≈ hmRvO Xs‚
Iev]-\-Ifpw D]-tZ-i-ßfpw sIm≠v
C√m-Xm-°n. AI-a-ßfpw tZml-
ßfpw XS™p. ]c-kv]cw P∑-i-
Xp-°-fmb Ah¿ kvt\ln-X-cmbn
amdn. B`y-¥c Ie-l-ß-fnepw
IpSpw-_-h-g-°p-I-fnepw Ign-™p-Iq-
Sn-bn-cp-∂-h¿ H‰-s°-´mbn \n∂v ]p
dw-i-‡n-Isf t\cn-Sp -∂-h-cmbn
Øo¿∂p.
hnh: apl-ΩZv Ckvam-bn¬
443
12 kXyZqX≥
temIw Ggp `qJ-WvU-߃ tN¿∂m-Wp, \nd-™p-\n¬°p-∂-
Xv. \mw Pohn-°p∂ C¥y Dƒs∏-Sp∂ Gjy apX¬ bqtdm-∏v, B^n-°,
BkvtS-enb, kuØv Ata-cn-°, t\m¿Øv Ata-cn-°, ]ns∂ a™p-aq-Sn-
°n-S-°p∂ A‚m¿´n-°-bpw.
C∂sØ AXym-[p-\nI imkvXo-b-t\-´-ßfpw H∏w am\hkwkvIm-
c-ß-fpsS ]ucm-WnI ]mc-º-cyhpw Hs° Xo¿Øpw Ah-Im-i-s∏-Sp∂ cmPy-
߃ apgp-h≥ bqtdm-∏n-em-sW-∂mWv ]cs° hniz-kn-°-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv.
H´msI Ccp-]-Xn-e-[nIw sNdp-cm-Py-ß-fpsS Hcp kaq-l-amWv bqtdm∏v.
Imem-h-ÿ-]-Imcw sImSpw-ssiXyw A\p-`-h-s∏-Sp∂ cmPy-߃
F∂ \ne-bn¬ ]m›m-Xy¿ ˛ Cu ]m›m-Xy-cn¬ Dƒs∏-Sp∂ Ata-cn-°-
°mcpw ˛ _p≤n-i‡n Gsd IqSp-X-ep-≈-hcpw DjvW-tZ-i-ß-fn¬ Pohn-
°p∂ \mw, Gjy-°m¿ _p≤n-bn¬ Ipd-™-h-cp-am-sW∂ Hcp [mcW
s]mXp-sh-bp-≠v. \n¿`m-Ky-h--im¬ Cu \mapw Hcp ]cn-[n-hsc AXw-Ko-I-
cn-®p-sIm-Sp-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂p-sh∂p tXm∂p∂p.
kqcy-\-kvX-an-°mØ kmam-Py-]-`p-°-fpsS \pI-Øn¬ Iogn¬ ASn-
a-I-sf-t∏mse Pohn-®n-cp∂ \nc-h[n Gjy≥ cmPy-ß-fnse km[m-cW
P\-߃, kao-]-Imew hsc ˛ F¥n\v Cu B[p-\nI Ime-Øp-t]mepw
˛ _lp-am-\m-Z-c-hp-I-tfm-sS-bmWv ]m›m-Xy-sc, ]tXy-In®v Cw•o-jp-Imsc
t\m°n-°m-Wp-∂-Xv. Cw•o-jp-Im¿ amX-a√ ]Sn-™m-dp-\n∂pw t]m¿®p-
Ko-kp-Imcpw U®p-Imcpw, ^©p-Im-cp-sams° Hcp ImeØv IS¬Xm≠n
"B[p-\nI bqtdm-]y≥ \mK-cn-I-Xbpwapkvenw kvs]bn\pw '
C¥y-bn¬ hcn-I-bp-≠m-bn. Ah¿
\ΩpsS \m´p-cm-Py-ßsf n∂n-∏n-°p-
Ibpw \ΩpsS ]S-bm-fn -I-fpsS
hmfpw ]cn-N-sbbpw Aºpw hn√n-
s\-bp-sams° AkvX-]-⁄-am°n
shSn-a-cp-∂p-sIm≠v hn\miw hnX-
bv°m≥ Ign-hp≈ tXm°p-Ifpw
]oc-¶n-I-fp-ambn Ggmw IS¬ IS-∂p-
h∂v \sΩ Iog-S-°n, \nc-h[n
Imew `cn®v Imem-Imew \ΩpsS
hne-]n-Sn® kº-Øp-Iƒ ssIø-
S°n sIm≠p-t]m-hp-Ibpw sNbvXp.
e≠\pw ]mco-kp-sams° C∂v
temIsØ G‰hpw ]cn-jvIrX \K-
c-ß-fpsS \nc-bn¬ ÿm\w ]nSn-°p-
∂p. Cu \K-c-߃ Dƒs°m-≈p∂
bqtdm-]y≥ kaq-l-Øn¬ Pohn-®n-
cp∂ Ahn-SsØ ap≥Km-an-I-sf-∏-‰n,
Ah¿ Xosc ]mIr-X-cpw, A]-cn-
jvIr-X-cpw, \·X ad-bv°m-\mbn
tXm¬°-jWw sIm≠v Kply- mKw
ad-®n-cp-∂-h-cp-sam-s°-bm-bn-cp-∂p-
sh∂v ]d™m¬ \maXp hniz-kn-
°ptam? ]mco-knepw e≠-\nepw
A°m-eØv apf-sIm-≠mWv hoSp-
Iƒ \n¿Ωn-®p-cp-∂-sX∂pw ]d-
™m¬ \ap-°Xv Dƒs°m≈m-\m-
hptam? ]pX-bv°p-hm-\p-]-tbm-Kn-
°p∂ hncn-∏n-s\-°p-dn®p t]mepw
Ah¿ A⁄-cm-bn-cp-∂p-sh∂pw
G. Iyp. alvZn
Ncn-X-Ønse Xa-kvI-c-W-ßsf Ipdn®pw
aX-]-£-]m-Xn-Xz-ßsf Ipdn®pw
Hch-tem-I\w
444
132006 \hw-_¿
AXn-\mbn Ah¿ ssht°m-emWv D]-tbm-Kn-®n-cp-∂-sX∂pw tI´m¬
hnkvabw tXm∂nt√?
F∂m¬ hniz-knt® Ign-bq, kXy-a-XmWv; Hcp Ncn-X-k-Xyw. CsX-
∏‰n kqN\ \¬In-bXv a‰m-cp-a-√, kp]-kn≤ kv]m\njv Ncn-X-Im-c-\mb
Jkvho\n-bm-Wv. At±lw Adn-b-s∏-Sp∂ Hcp Ncn-X-]-WvUn-X-\m-bn-cp-
∂p. Ak-Xy-ß-fpsS \ndw Nmen-°mØ B[n-Im-cn-I-X, kXy-k-‘-X,
At±-l-Øns‚ Ncn-X-]-T-\-߃°v temIw I¬∏n-®n-cp-∂p.
C∂v hn⁄m-\-hn-Imkw Cw•ojv `mj-bn-eq-sS-bm-sW-¶n¬ A∂v,
B Ime-L-´-Øn¬, ssIkvX-h¿ Bi-bn-®n-cp-∂Xv Ad_n `mj-sb-bm-
Wv. C∂sØ B[p-\nI P\X D]-cn-]-T-\m¿∞w Ata-cn-°bpw bqtdm∏pw
t\m°n-°m-Wpw-t]mse apkvenw\m-Sp-I-sf-bmWv A∂v temIw Bi-bn-
®n-cp-∂-Xv; ][m-\-ambpw apkvenw kvs]bn≥. A∂v bqtdm-]y≥ \mSp-
Iƒ°v hn⁄m-\-Øns‚ amXr-Ibpw A`-b-tI-µ-hp-am-bn-Øo¿∂Xv
kvs]bn≥ Bbn-cp-∂p.
CsX-∂mWv; GXp Ime-L-´-Øn¬.....?
]d-bmw. AXn\p apºv NcnXw F∂-Xn-s\-∏-‰n A¬∏w ]d-tb-≠n-
bn-cn-°p-∂p. NcnXw F∂m¬ Hcp Ime-Øn-s‚tbm Ime-L- -Øn-s‚tbm
kXy-k-‘hpw hniz-k-\o-bp-amb tcJ-bm-Wv. AXp hnI-e-ambm¬ Ncn-
X-Øns‚ B[n-Im-cn-IX Xs∂ tNmZyw sNø-s∏-Spw, tNm¿∂p-t]m-Ipw.
Ncn-X-Im-c-∑m-cm¬ kz¥w `mh-\bv°pw k¶¬∏-߃°pw Bi-b-
߃°pw hnizm-k-߃°pw A\p-kr-X-ambn Fgp-X-s∏´ Ncn-X-tc-J-I-
fmWv temIw ]e-t∏mgpw Ct∂mfw I≠p-t]m-∂n-´p-≈-Xv. ]cn-ip≤ Jp¿-
B-\p-ambn _‘-s∏´ NcnX tcJ-I-fpsS ssh⁄m-\nI mh-Øn\p amXw
˛ AsXmcp ssZhnI K∞-am-b-Xn-\m¬ ˛ Ct∂mfw Hcp sshI-eyhpw
h∂n-´n√; Hcn-°epw hcn-I-bn-s√∂v \mw hniz-kn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂p.
Rm\pw \nß-fp-sams° kv°qfn¬ ]Tn® temI-N-cn-X-Øn-s‚bpw
C¥ym-N-cn-X-Øn-t‚bpw Nne `mK-ß-fpsS kXyk-‘X tNmZyw sNø-
s∏-S-Ø° B[n-Im-cnI tcJ-Iƒ Ct∏mƒ hniz-k-\o-b-ambn Is≠-Øn-
bn- p-≠v. B ]gb Ncn-X-ß-sfms° Fgp-Xn-∏n-Sn-∏n-®-Xv Cw•o-jp-Im-cmWv;
_n´o-jp-Im¿. Ah¿ Fgp-Xnb Ncn-X-amWv C∂v apgp-tem-IØpw Acßp
hmgp-∂-Xv. kXy-k-‘cpw \njv]-£-a-Xn-I-fp-amb \nch[n B[p-\nI Ncn-
X-Im-c-∑m¿ Ct∏mƒ Cu "Cw•ojv NcnX'sØ X≈n-∏-d-bp-Ibpw IqSp-
X¬ Kth-j-W-߃ \SØn ]pXnb tcJ-Iƒ°v ÿm\w \¬Ip-Ibpw
sNbvXn-´p-≠v.
\n߃t°m¿Ω-bpt≠m, \mw kvIqƒ¢m-kp-I-fn-¬ ]Tn® Sn∏p
kp¬Øm-s\-∏‰n? At±-lsØ AXn-Iq-c-\mb Hcp c-Wm-[n-Im-cn-bm-bmWv
Cw•ojv Ncn-X-Im-c-∑m¿ hnti-jn-∏n-®-Xv. "ssakq¿°-Sph' F∂-t±-l-
Øn∂-h¿ \ma-I-cWw sNøp-I-t]mepw sNbvXp. aX-`m-¥-\m-bn-cp-∂p Sn∏p
F∂-h¿ ]N-cn-∏n-®p. tIc-f-Øn¬ ]S-tbm´w \SØn lnµp-°sf HmSn-
°p-Ibpw aX-]-cn-h¿Ø-\-Øn\v A\y-a-X-ÿsc \n¿_-‘n-°p-Ibpw
sNbvXp-sh-∂p-hsc Sn∏p kp¬Øm-s\-∏‰n Ah¿ Fgp-Xn-sh-®p.
\oXn-\n-jvT-\mb Hcp `c-Wm-[n-Im-cn-bm-bn-cp∂p Sn∏p kp¬Øm≥.
i‡\pw ss[cy-im-en-bp-am-bn-cp-∂p. _o´ojv `c-W-Øn-s\-Xnsc Hcp
\o°p-t]m-°n\pw Xøm-dm-ImsX ]S \bn® Sn∏p, Cw•o-jp-Imsc A∂p
h√msX sNmSn-∏n-®p. At±-lsØ Ncn-X-Øm-fp-I-fn-eqsS tXtPm-h[w
sNøp-I-sb-∂-Xm-bn-cp∂p _o´ojv Ncn-X-Im-∑m-cpsS Dt±-iw.
Imew sshIn-sb-¶nepw Ct∏m
ƒ kXyw ]pd-Øp-h-∂n-cn-°p-∂p.
C¥ym Ncn-X-Øn¬ Adw-K-ko-
_n-s\-∏-‰nbpw kXy-Øn\p \nc-
°mØ tcJ-I-fmWv Ncn-X-Im-c-
∑m¿ Na-®-Xv. At±lw Iqc-\mb
`c-Wm-[n-Im-cn-bm-bn-cp∂p kz¥w
]nXm-hns\ I¬Øpd-¶n-e-S-®n- mWv
kzbw NI-h¿Øn-bm-b-Xv, F∂p
XpSßn FX tami-ambn Hcp `c-
Wm-[n-Im-cnsb NnXo-I-cn-°ptam
AX I≠v Ah-tl-f-\m-]-c-amb
Ncn-X-tc-J-I-fmWv Na-bv°-s∏-´-Xv.
F∂m¬ kXy-sa-¥m-bn-cp-∂p.
apKƒ c-W-I¿Øm-°-fn¬ G‰hpw
kmXznI\pw, \oXn-am-\p-amb c-Wm-
[n-Im-cn-bm-bn-cp∂p Adw-K-ko-_v.
AXy¥w aX-\njvT ]pe¿Ønb
Hcp Pohn-X-]-∞m-hm-bn-cp∂p At±-
l-Øn -t‚ -X v . s]mXp -J -P -\m -
hn¬\n∂v kz¥w sNe-hn -\p -
t]mepw At±lw Hcp ss]k FSp-
Øn-√. kz¥w ssIsIm≠p sXm∏n
Xp∂nbpw, Jp¿-B≥ ]I¿Øn-sb-
gp-Xnbpw kºm-Zn® \mW-b-Øp-´p-
Iƒ amX-am-Wv, Iod-°p-∏mbw
[cn®v °o¿ kam-\-\mbn Pohn®
alm-\mb B NI-h¿Øn, kz¥w
Pohn-Xm-h-iy-߃°mbn D]-tbm-
Kn®-Xv.
Fßns\ Cu NI-h¿Øn Ncn-
X-Im-c-∑m¿°n-S-bn¬ A\-`n-X-a-
\mbn?
F∂m¬ AIv_¿ NI-h¿
Øntbm? At±lw AXn-_p-≤n-am-
\m-bn-cp-∂p. X¥-im-en-bmb c-Wm-
[n -Im -cn -bm -bn -cp -∂p. aX-ku-
lm¿±sa∂ t]cn¬ kpµ-cn-I-fmb
\nc-h[n cP]pX kvXoIsf hn
hmlw Ign®v Ac-a-\-bn¬ hmgn®p
AIv_¿. IqSmsX G‰hpw henb
Hcp hnÕnØw A∂-t±lw sNøp-
I-bp-≠mbn; kz¥-ambn Hcp aXw
ÿm]n-°¬. "Zn≥ Cem-ln' F∂
B aXw At±-l-Øns‚ Pohn-X-Im-
eØp Xs∂ AkvX-an-°p-Ibpw
sNbvXp.
445
14 kXyZqX≥
F∂m-tem, AIv_¿ NI-h¿Ønsb alm-\mb AIv_¿ F∂p Ncn-
X-Im-c-∑m¿ hmgvØp-Ibpw sNøp-∂p. CXmWv NcnX sshcp-≤y-߃!
\ap°p sas√ hnj-b-Øn-te°p hcmw. \mw hmbn-®-dn™ Hcp
"Ccp≠bpK-'sØ-∏‰n temI Ncn-X-Øn¬ ]cm-a¿i-ap-≠v. "Ccp≠ bpKw'
AYhm 'Dark Age'. AXns‚ Ime-L-´-am-hs´ InkvXp-h¿jw 711 apX¬
1492 hsc-bp≈ 781 h¿j-ß-fmWv; F´p-\q-‰m-≠p-Im-ew.
Adn-t™m Adn-bm-sXtbm Ncn-X-Im-c-∑m¿ InkvXp-h¿jw Bcw-`n-
®-Xn-\n-∏p-d-ap≈ ka-bsØ aq∂p L´-ß-fmbn Ime-hn-`-P\w \SØn;
]mNo\w ˛ a[y-Imew ˛ B[p-\nI Imew. \mw Ct∏mƒ Pohn-°p-∂Xv
Ncn-X-kq-N-\-]-Imcw B[p-\nI Ime-Øm-Wv. ]mNo-\-Im-e-am-hs´
InkvXp-h¿jw 476 hsc-bm-bn-cp-∂p-sh-∂mWp k¶-ev]w. a[y-Imew 476
apX¬ 1453 hsc-bpw, 1453 apX¬ C∂p-h-sc-bp-≈Xv B[p-\nI L´-ambpw
KWn-°-s∏-Sp-∂p.
Ch-bn¬ a[y-Im-e-L-´-sØ-bmWv Ncn-X-Im-c-∑m¿ "Ccp≠ bpKw'
F∂p hnfn®-Xv. Cu ]tbm-K-am-hs´ bqtdm-]y≥ Ncn-X-Im-c-∑m-cpsS
krjvSn-bp-am-Wv.
bmYm¿∞yw F¥m-bn-cp∂p? F¥n-\mWv Cu CS-°m-esØ "A‘-
Im-c-bpKw' F∂-h¿ hnti-jn-∏n-®-Xv.
AsXmcp Iui-e-Øns‚ mK-amWv, Hcp ]m›mXy X¥w; Ncn-X-k-
Xy-ßsf hf-sNm-Sn-®p≈ Hcp NXn-]-tbm-K-Øns‚ ^e-am-bp-≠mb
\n¿hN\w.
t\csØ kqNn-∏n-®p-h-s√m, \Kv\X ad-°m≥ tXmepw hoSp-sI-´m-≥
apf-°m-ep-Ifpw D]-tbm-Kn-®n-cp∂ ]gb bqtdm-]y≥ kaq-l-sØ-∏-‰n. e≠-
\n-tebpw ]mco-kn-sebpw ]mIr-X-sc-∏-‰n.
F∂m¬, bqtdm-]y≥ Ncn-X-Im-c-∑m¿ Nhn-´n-Øm-gvØnb Cu a[y-
Im-e-bp-Kw, CkvemanI kwkvIr-Xn-I-fp-sSbpw Iao-I-c-W-ß-fp-sSbpw
DØpw-K-Im-e-am-bn-cp-∂p. CkvemanI kwkvImcw \qdp iX-am\w X\n-a-
tbmsS \ne-\n-∂n-cp∂ Hcp Ime-L-´w.
Z£nW bqtdm-]y≥ cmPy-ß-fmb kvs]bv≥, t]m¿´p-K¬, Z£n-W-
^m≥kv, C‰-en, knknen apX-emb tZi-ß-fn-emWv CkvemanI
kwkvImcw AXns‚ AXyp -∂-Xn -bn¬ \ne-\n -∂n -cp -∂-Xv. B
CkvemanIbpKsØ Xa-kvI-cn-°m-\mWv bqtdm-]y≥ Ncn-X-Im-c-∑m¿ Cu
ImesØ X≈n-∏-d-bp-Ibpw Ccp≠ bpK-sa∂p hnti-jn-∏n-°p-Ibpw
sNbvXXv.
F¥n-\v.....?
a[y-Im-e-L-´-sa∂p Ncn-X-Im-
c-∑m¿ hnti-jn-∏n® B CS-°me
\q‰m-≠p-I-fpsS temI-N-cnXw
bqtdm -]y≥ Ncn - Xm -t\z -j-I¿
t_m[-]q¿∆w hymJym-\n-®p-d-∏n-®-
XmWv; B Ime-L-´-Ønse Ckv
emanI kwkvIr-Xn-I-fp-sSbpw t\´-
ß-fp-sSbpw Xa-kvI-cn-°m≥ th≠n
amXw. ]Xn-\mdmw \q‰m-t≠msS
Bcw-`n® kml-knI temI-bm-X-
Ifpw XpS¿∂p-≠mb hymh-km-bnI
hnπ-hhpw kmam-Py-h¬°-c-W-hp-
sams° temI-Øns‚ apgp-h≥
hn[n \n¿Æ-bn-°m-\p≈ IpØ-Im-
h-Imiw X߃°p-≈-Xm-sW-∂p-
kvYm-]n-°-m≥ bqtdm-]y¿ \S-Ønb
ia-Øns‚ mK-am-bp-≈-Xm-Wv. ]e
]pØ≥ amt\-Pvsa‚ v X¥-ßfpw
A∂-h¿ CXn-\mbn ]tbm-Kn-®p.
a[y-Im-e-L-´sØ "Ccp-≠-
bpKw' F∂p hnti-jn-∏n-°p-tºmƒ
CXneqsS \ap°p tXm∂p -I,
temIw apgp-h≥ Cu ImeØv ssh
⁄m-\n-I-ambn A‘-Im-c-Øn-em-bn-
cp-∂p-sh-∂m-hpw. F∂m¬ Cu
"Ccpfv' F∂ ]tbmKw bqtdm-∏ns‚
_lp-`q-cn-]£w hcp∂ Cw•≠v
apX-ep≈ cmPy-߃ apgp-h-\pw, Ing-
°≥ bqtdm-∏nse Xp¿°n-bn¬ Xp
Sßn Gjy≥ qJ-WvU-߃ IS∂v
C¥ym hscbpw ]S¿∂p ]¥-en®p
\n∂ AXn-hn-]p-e-amb CkvemanI
kwkvIm-c-Øns‚ km∂n-≤ysØ
bqtdm-]y≥ Ncn-X-Im-c-∑m¿ ad®p
shbv°p-∂-Xn -s‚ s]mcp -fn -s\-
bmWp kqNn-∏n-°p-∂Xv.
ho≠pw tNmZyw Db-cp∂p;
F¥n-\v.....?
Cu ad-®pshbv°¬ B[p-\nI
temI-Øns‚ hn[n-I¿Øm-°-fmbn
kzbw ]Jym-]n -°p∂ bqtdm -
]y¿°v F¥p-sIm≠pw A\n-hm-cy-
am-sW-∂-XmWv bmYm¿∞yw. Hcp-
]t£ Ah¿°-Xn\p Ign-™n-s√-
¶n¬, a[y-Ime CkvemanI ASn-Ø-
d-bn¬ \n∂v X߃ IS-sa-SpØ
aÆn-emWv Ct∏m-gsØ B[p\nI
F∂m¬, bqtdm-]y≥ Ncn-X-Im-c-∑m¿ Nhn-´n-Øm-gvØnb
Cu a[y-Im-e-bp-Kw, CkvemanI kwkvIr-Xn-I-fp-sSbpw
Iao-I-c-W-ß-fp-sSbpw DØpw-K-Im-e-am-bn-cp-∂p.
CkvemanI kwkvImcw \qdp iX-am\w X\n-a-tbmsS
\ne-\n-∂n-cp∂ Hcp Ime-L-´w.
446
152006 \hw-_¿
bqtdm∏v \ne-\n¬°p-∂-sX∂ bmYm¿∞yw AwKo-I-cn-t°-≠n-hcpw.
InkvXp-h¿jw 711 apX¬ 1492 hsc-bp≈ ImeØv A∂sØ bqtdm-
∏ns‚ ][m\ `mK-ß-fmb kvs]bv≥ ˛ t]m¿´p-K¬ ]tZ-i-ß-fn¬ \ne-
\n∂ imkvXw, kmln-Xyw, Ie, cmjvSo-bw, aXw, Ncn-Xw, qan-im-kvXw,
sshZyw, XXz-Nn-¥, F∂o cwK-ß-fnse D∂-X-amb CkvemanI km∂n≤yw
BWv, icn°pw B[p-\n-I-tem-I-N-cn-X-Øns‚ ss]XrIw Bbn-Øo¿∂-
Xv, B kmwkvIm-cnI ss]Xr-Iw, apgp-h≥ bqtdm-∏ns\bpw kzm[o-\n-°p-
Ibpw sNbvXp.
\thm-∞m\ Imem-cw-`-Ønse bqtdm-]y≥ ]›m-Øew FSp-Øp-]-d-
bp∂ Ncn-X-Im-c-∑m¿ Nq≠n-°m-´p-∂-Xv, Xp¿°n-I-fpsS BI-a-W-tijw
tIm¨Ãm‚n-t\-∏nƒ ]tZ-i-Øp-\n∂pw C‰-en-bnse hnhn[ \K-c-cm-jvS-
ß-fn-te°v ]em-b\w sNbvX InkvXy≥ ]WvUn-X-∑m-cpsS km∂n-≤yw
aqe-ap-≠mb t\´-ß-fmWv B[p-\nI bqtdm-∏ns‚ ASn-Ø-d-sb-∂m-Wv.
F∂m¬ 1492 hsc C‰-en-bnepw ]Sn-™m-d≥ `mK-ß-fmb knknen ˛
kvs]b≥ ]tZ-i-ß-fnepw \ne-\n-∂n-cp∂ CkvemanI kmwkvIm-cnI ]mc-
º-cyhpw AXns‚ kzm[o-\hpw FX-amXw i‡-am-bn-cp-∂p-sh∂pw Ah-
bmWv B[p-\nI bqtdm-∏ns‚ KXn-am-‰-Øn\p klm-b-I-ambn F∂Xpw
Hm¿Ωn-°m≥ Ah¿ Xøm-d-√.
]Xn-s\m∂mw iX-I-Øn¬ Bcw- n® aq∂p \q‰m-≠p-I-tfmfw XpS¿∂
Ipcn-ip-bp-≤-߃, A°m-esØ InkvXy≥ apkvenw kwL-´-\-sØ-∏‰n
hy‡-amb kqN-\-Iƒ \¬Ip-∂p. Cu kwL-´-\-ß-tfm-sS-bmWv ]›n-
ta-jy-bn¬ \n∂v bqtdm-∏n-te°v CkvemanI kwkvImcw cwK-]-thiw
sNbvsX-X∂pw NcnXw ]d-bp-∂p.
Ckveman-s‚ Bhn¿`m-h-L-´-Øn¬Xs∂ Atd-_y-bpsS Acn-IØp
InS-°p∂ `qJ-WvU-amb B^n-°-bpsS ]q¿t∆m-Ø-c-tZ-i-ßfmb
FtXym]y (]-gb A_n-ko-\n-b), CuPn]vXv (]-gb ankn¿), en_n-b,
samtdmt°m XpS-ßnb ÿe-ß-fn-te°v sN¶S¬ IS∂v Ckveman-I
ktµiw FØn-°-gn-™n-cp-∂p. XpS¿∂v a≤y-Im-e-L´w apgp-h≥ AXn-
i-‡-ambn \ne-\n-∂n-cp∂ CkvemanI kwkvImcw AXns‚ DZm-Ø-amb
hf¿®-bpsS aplq¿Ø-߃ Cu ]tZ-i-ß-fn¬ krjvSn-°m≥ XpS-ßn.
B^n-°-bpsS apJy-`m-Khpw 18-˛mw \q‰m-≠p-hsc Ccp-´n¬ B≠p-In-S-∂-
t∏m-gmbncp∂p ta¬∏-d™ ]tZ-i-߃ CkvemanI hyh-ÿn-Xn-bn¬
A[n-jvTn-X-ambn apt∂-dn-bXv; B ssPX-bm-X-bpsS XpS¿®-b-s√-¶nepw
B Ccp≠ B^n-°≥ aÆn¬ C∂v Ckvemans‚ hnP-b-t`cn apg°n
apt∂-dp-∂Xv AlvaZnøm Pam-AØv amX-am-sW-∂-Xv, B[p-\nI
CkvemanI Ncn-X-Im-c-∑m¿°p-t]mepw \ntj-[n-°m-\m-hp-sa∂p tXm∂p-
∂n-√.
Aßns\ cmjvSo-b-am-bpw, ssk\n-I-am-bpw, ]_-e-am-bn-cp∂
A∂sØ CkvemanI cmjvS-߃°v, Pn_mƒ´¿ IS-en-Sp-°n-eqsS
tIhew 28 ssa¬ amXw XcWw sNbvXm¬ Z£nW bqtdm-]y≥ ]tZ-i-
ß-fn-seØn B[n-]Xyw ÿm]n-°m≥ Ign-bp-am-bn-cp-∂p. F∂m¬, kam-
[m-\-Øns‚ ktµiaX-bmb Ckvemans‚ hyh-ÿnXn i‡-ambn ]n¥p-
S¿∂n-cp∂ a[y-Ime apkvenw cmjvS-߃ A\n-hm-cy-amb kml-N-cy-ß-
fn-e-√m-sX, AX-s√-¶n¬ Xo¿Øpw ]Xn-tcm-[-am¿§-߃°p th≠n-b-√m-
sX, bp≤-ß-fn¬ G¿s∏-Sp-Itbm A\y-cm-Py-ßsf BI-an®p Iog-S-°p-
Itbm sNbvXn-√. sXm´-SpØ B^n-°≥ h≥I-c-bn¬ \n¿Æm-b-Iamb
kzm[o\w D≠m-bn-cp-∂n-´pw, ]tIm-]-\-sam-∂p-an-√msX bqtdm-∏n¬ Ah¿
]th-in-°msX kzbw ]n¥n-cn™p
\n¬°p-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p.
F∂m¬ Cu Nn¥-Iƒs°mcp
KXn-am‰w D≠m-bXv InkvXp-h¿jw
705 apX¬ 715 hsc kndn-b-bn-se
Zam-kvIkv Xe-ÿm-\-ambn `cWw
\S-Øn-bn-cp∂ Dahn hwi-Ønse
Jeo^m hmenZv H∂m-as‚ Ime-
Øm-bn-cp-∂p. At±-l-Øn-eqsS G.-
Un. 711 ¬ kvs]bn≥ t]m¿´p-K¬
]tZ-i-ß-fn¬ apkvenw kzm[o\w
Dd-∏n-°-s∏-´p.
Cu A[n-\n-th-i-Øn\v Hcp
Ncn-X-]-›m-Ø-e-ap-≠v. \q‰m-≠p-I-
fmbn X߃ InkvXob `c-Wm-[n-
Im-cn-I-fpsS Incm-X-`-c-W-Øn≥
Iogn¬ A\p-`-hn-®p-sIm-≠n-cp∂
bmX-\-I-fn¬ \n∂p≈ tamN-\-
sa∂ \ne-bn¬, DØ-cm-^n-°-bn¬
A∂p \ne-hn-en-cp∂ CkvemanI
`c -W-Øn\p kam -\ -amb Hcp
t\XrXzw X߃°pw e`y-am-h-s´-
sb∂p Icp-Xn, bqtdm-]y≥ ]tZ-i-
ß-fn¬ Pohn-®n-cp∂ InkvXym-\n-
Iƒ Xs∂, apkvenw B[n-]-Xy-
Øn\p If-sam-cp -°n-s°m-Sp -°p-
Ibpw Ahsc kzmKXw sNøp-
IbpamWp-≠m-b-Xv. Aßn-s\-
bmWv InkvXob kvs]bv\n¬
apkvenwIƒ ]th-in-®-Xv.
a[y-Im-e-L´w XpS-ßpw-
hsc, AXm-bXv Inkv-Xm_vZw 711
hsc apkvenw km∂n -≤ytam
CkvemanI kwkvIm-ctam \ne-hn-
√m-Xn-cp∂ Hcp `qJ-WvU-Øn-emWv
1492 hsc-bp≈ \o≠ 800 h¿j-
°mew i‡-amb Hcp CkvemanI
`c-W-IqSw \ne-hn¬ h∂-Xv. a[y-
Im-e-L-´-Ønse apkvenwI-fp-ambn
Xmc-Xayw sNøp-tºmƒ, A∂sØ
InkvXob bqtdm∏pw P\-ßfpw
A⁄cpw Zcn-Z-cp-am-bn-cp-∂p. `c-
W-Iq-S-߃ P\-ßsf tkhn®n-√.
kvs]bn-\nse A∂sØ c-Wm-[n-
Im-cn, InkvXy≥ hwi-P-\mb
sdmUn-°m-bn-cp-∂p. Abm-fp-tSXv
`oI-c-amb Hcp a¿±-I-`-c-W-am-bn-cp-
447
16 kXyZqX≥
∂p. sdmUn-°ns‚ c-W-Øn¬ ]P-I-fmsI s]mdp-Xn-ap´n. Ah¿ kwL-
Sn-®p. P\-߃ Xß-fp-sS ]Xn-\n-[n-bmbn Hcmsf Is≠-Øn, Pqen-b≥.
Pqen-bs‚ A`y¿∞\ am\n®v Jeo^ hmenZv H∂m-as‚ A\p-hm-Z-tØmsS
DØ-cm-^n-°-bnse Kh¿W-dm-bn-cp∂ aqkm C_v\p \pss-_¿ Xs‚
tk\m-\m-b-I≥ XmcnJv C_v\p knbm-Zns‚ t\Xr-Xz-Øn¬ Ggm-bncw
t]c-S-ßp∂ Hcp ssk\ysØ Pn_mƒ´¿ IS-en-Sp°p hgn kvs]bn-\n-
se-Øn®p.
CXv InkvXp-h¿jw 711 sk]v‰w-_-dn-em-bn-cp-∂p. sdmUn-°ns\ ]cm-
P-b-s∏-SpØn XmcnJv C_v\p knbm-Zv, kvs]bv\n¬ CkvemanI `c-W-
Øn\p Xd-°-√n-´p. kvs]bn\neqsS A∂m-cw-`n® B ssPX-bmX bqtdm-
∏n-sem- msI ]S¿∂p Ib-dp-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p. kv]m\njv P\-X-bm-I-s´, Xß-
fpsS \ne-hn-ep≈ InkvXob `c-W-t\-Xr-Xz-Øn¬ a\w-aSpØv hntZi
apkvenwIsf bqtdm-]y≥ aÆn-tebv°v l¿jm--c-h-tØmsS hc-th-‰p.
CkvemanI `c-W-Øn≥Io-gn¬ \nc-h[n kao-]-]-tZ-i-ßfpw kvs]bv\n-
t\mSp Iq´n-t®¿°-s∏-´p. kmaq-ln-I-ambpw kmwkvIm-cn-I-ambpw XI¿∂-
Sn™p InS-∂n-cp∂ kvs]bv≥ P\-Xsb Db¿Øn-s°m≠p hcp-∂-Xn-\p≈
hn]p-e-amb apt∂-‰-am-Wv ]n∂oSv kvs]bv\n¬ Zriy-am-Ip-∂-Xv. kmaq-
lnI ka-Xzw, aX-k-ln-jvWp-X, ASn-a-I-fpsS tamN-\w, Im¿jn-I- -hm-WnPy
taJ-e-I-fnse ]cn-jvIm-c-߃ Ch-bn-eqsS hn⁄m-\-Øn-s‚bpw kwkvIm-
c-Øn-s‚bpw uXn-I-t\-´-ß-fp-sSbpw ]pXnb taJ-e-I-fn-tebv°v apkvenw
kvs]bv≥ AXn-thKw apt∂-dm≥ XpS-ßn.
apkvenw kvs]bv≥ \nc-h[n aX-]-WvUnX-∑msc temI-Øn\p kw`m-
h\ sNbvXn- p-≠v. C_v\p-l-kw, C_v\p A_vZp¬ _¿Zv, C_v\p Ad_n
XpS-ßn-b-h-cm-W-h¿. XXz-Nn-¥m-cw-KØpw ]ecpw t\´w ssIh-cn-®p.
C_v\p djvZv, C_v\p Xpss^¬ XpSßnb XXz-Nn-¥-I-∑m¿ D≠m-b-t∏mƒ,
klvdmhn, C_v\p klo¿ imlo XpS-ßnb imkvX-⁄-∑mcpw JØo-
_v, C_v\p Jm¬Xq≥, C_v\p A_vZp-d_v_nlv F∂o Ncn-X-Im-c-∑mcpw
kvs]bn-\n¬ ]kn-≤-cm-bn. C_v\p sskZv, C_v\p AΩm¿ F∂n-h¿
]kn≤ IhntijvT-∑m-cm-bn-cp-∂p. qan-imkvX hn⁄m-\-Øn¬ C_v\p
CZvcnkv ]i-kvX-\m-b-t∏mƒ sshZy-im-kvX-cw-KØv C_v\p-kn\m t]sc-
Sp-Øp. Cßns\ hn⁄m-\-Øns‚ \m\m-ta-J-e-I-fn¬ \nd-™p-\n-∂n-cp∂
A\-izc ]Xn-`-Iƒ°p P∑-ta-Im≥ apkvenw kvs]bn\n-t\mfw `mKyw
kn≤n® Hcp- cmPyw temI-N-cn-X-Øn¬ Xs∂ A]q¿∆-am-Wv.
AXy-]q¿∆-amb ]e I≠p-]n-Sp-Ø-ßfpw kvs]bv\nse imkvX-⁄-
∑m-cn-eqsS A°m-e-Øp-≠m-bn- p-≠v. Ah-bn-sem∂p ]tXyIw i≤-b¿ln-
°p-∂p. AXv hnam-\-\n¿Ωm-W-am-Wv. 1900 Ifn-em-Wv Ata-cn-°-bnse
ssd‰v ktlm-Z-c-∑m¿ temIØv BZy-ambn hnam\w ]d-∏n-®-Xv. F∂m¬,
AXn\v A©p \q‰m-≠p-ap-ºv, apkvenw imkvX-⁄-≥ Hcp BIm-i-hn-
am\w \n¿Ωn-°p-I-bp-≠m-bn. At±lw \n¿Ωn® hnam\w A¬∏-Zqcw ]d-
∂n´v Xmtgbv°p hoWp-t]m-hp-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p. CsXmcp Ncn-X-k-Xy-am-Wv.
B[p-\nI ]m›m-Xy-temIw aqSnh® Hcp kXyw. ]q¿∆ kvs]bv\n¬
\n∂pw IS-Ønb Cu kmt¶-XnI hnZy Xs∂-bmtWm ssd‰v ktlm-Z-c-
∑m¿°p am¿§-Z¿i-I-ambn Ah¿ ]co-£W hnam\w ]d-∏n-®-Xv F∂Xv
APvRm-Xw. ^¿\mkv F∂ CtX imkvX-]-Xn` kqcy\pw Nµ\pw
\£-X-ßfpw Dƒs°m-≈p∂ Hcp IrXna BIm-ihpw \n¿Ωn-®p-h-sX.
AXmhmw Hcp ]t£ temIsØ G‰hpw BZysØ H_vk¿th-‰dn.
A°m-eØv Pohn-®n-cp∂ as‰mcp imkvX-⁄-\mb "C_v\p Ahmw'
Im¿jn-I-cw-KØv A¤p-X-߃
krjvSn-®p. hc-≠p-Wßn acp-`qan
kam-\-amb Dujc ]tZ-i-߃
Irjn-bv°p-]-bp-‡-am-°p-∂-Xn -
\p≈ am¿§-ß-fmWv At±lw ]pcm-
X\ kvs]bv\n\p kw`m-h\ sNbvX-
Xv. F√m-Xcw [m\y-ßfpw ]g-h¿§-
ßfpw , ]cpØn NWw XpS-ßnb
hyh-km-bnI hnf-hp-Ifpw A°m
eØv kvvs]bv\n¬ hym]-I-ambn
Irjn sNø-s∏-´n-cp-∂p.
tPm¿÷v Um¿´¿ F∂ ]m›m-
Xy-N-cn-X-Im-c≥ Xs‚ temI-ssh-
⁄m-\nI Ncn-X-K-Ÿ-Øn¬ a[y-
Ime CkvemanI NcnXw hnh-cn-®p-
sIm≠v ]d-bp∂p.
""a[y-Im-eØv temI-Øn\v
G‰hpw al-Ømb kw`m-h-\-I-
f¿∏n-®Xv apkvenwIf-sX. C°m-
eØv eØo≥`m-j-bnepw kp]-
[m\ \nc-h[n IrXn-Iƒ cNn-°-s∏-
´n-´p-s≠-∂Xp icn-bm-Wv. AXp-
t]mse Ko°v, kndn-b≥, t]¿jy≥,
kwkvIr-Xw, ssN\o-kv, Pm∏-\okv
`mj-I-fnepw Iptd ][m\ IrXn-
Iƒ D≠m-bn´p -≠v . F∂m¬
G‰hpw hne-s∏-´Xpw al-Ø-chpw
]tbm-P-\-I-c-hp-amb IrXn-Iƒ cNn-
°-s∏-´Xv Ad-_n-bn-e-sX. F´mw
\q‰m-≠ns‚ DØcm¿≤w apX¬
[ocX
a\p-jysc, iXp-°-fp-
ambn I≠p-ap -´p -hm≥
\n߃ sImXn-°-cp-Xv.
Btcm-Ky-tØmsS Pohn-
°p-hm≥ DXhn \¬tI-
≠-Xn\v A√m-lp-hn-t\mSv
]m¿∞n-®p-sIm-≈p-I.
h√-t∏m-gpw iXp-°-tfmSv
G‰p-ap-t´≠n h∂mtem
F√m hnj-a-ß-fpw kln-
®p-sIm ≠v t]mcm-Sn-sIm-
≈p-I.
ap-l-ΩZv \_n (k)
448
172006 \hw-_¿
]Xn-s\m∂mw \q‰m-≠p-hsc Ad-_n-`mj a\p-jy-cm-in-bpsS ]p-tcm-K-
at\m∑pJ ssh⁄m-\nI `mj-bm-bn-cp-∂p. Cu Ime-L-´-Øn¬ GXp
hnj-b-Ønepw \ho-\-PvRm\w tXSp∂ Hcp hy‡n°v Ad-_n-`mj ]Tn-
t°-≠n-h-∂n-cp-∂p; C∂v ssh⁄m-\nI ]ptcm-KXn Imw£n-°p-∂-h¿°v
GsX-¶nepw ]m›m-Xy-`m-j, ]tXy-In®v Cw•ojv ]Tn-°p-I-sb-∂Xv A\n-
hm-cy-am-b-Xp-t]m-se.''
C∂sØ B[p-\nI bqtdm-]y≥ \K-c-ßsf A\p-kva-cn-∏n-°pw-hn[w
sa®-s∏-´-h-bm-bn-cp∂p a[y-Im-e-bp-K-Ønse apkvenwI-fpsS kwc-£-W-
bn¬ hnImkw ]m]n® kvs]bn-\nse sIm¿tZmh \K-cw. hnIm-k-L-´-
Øn¬ Ahn-SsØ P\-kwJy 15 e£-am-bn-cp-∂p. ]´-W-Øn\v 42 In.
ao‰¿ \ofhpw 11 Intem-ao-‰¿ hoXn-bp-ap-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. km[m-cW hoSp-I-
fpsS FÆw \K-c-Øn¬ c≠p e£-am-bn-cp-s∂-¶n¬, Ac-a-\-I-fpsSbpw
_w•m-hp-I-fp-sSbpw kwJy 60,000Øn\p ta¬ Bbn-cp-∂p. 80,000 hym]m-
c-im-e-Ifpw 3800 ]≈n-Ifpw \K-c-Øn-ep-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. tdmUp-Iƒ hoXn-
bpw, Dd∏pw shSn-∏p-ap-≈-h-bm-bn-cp-∂p. aen-\-P-e-sam-gp-Im-\p≈ I\m-ep-
Ifpw \m¬°-he-I-fn¬ Pe-[m-c-Ifpw hgn-hn-f-°p-Ifpw ÿm]n-°-s∏-´n-
cp-∂p. temI-Øns‚ _p≤n-tI-µ-am-bn-cp∂p A∂v Cu sIm¿tZmh \Kcw.
sIm¿tZm-hbv°v kam-\-ambn A∂p-≠m-bn-cp-∂Xv Ncn-X-]-kn≤ \K-
c-amb _mKvZmZv amX-am-bn-cp-∂p.
bqtdm-∏n¬ A∂v GXm\pw ]ptcm-l-nX-∑mcpw ]`p-°fpw HgnsI
a‰m¿°pw FgpØpw hmb-\bpw hi-an-√m-bn-cp-∂p. F∂m¬ kvs]bn-\nse
apkvenwIƒ apgp-h≥ hnZym-k-º-∂-cm-bn-cp-∂p. A°m-eØv ^©v cmPm-
hn-s‚ tiJ-c-Øn¬ 600 ]pkvX-I-߃ amX-am-Wp-≠m-bn-cp-∂-sX-¶n¬
Bbn-c-°-W-°n\p KŸ-ß-fp≈ kzImcy sse_-dn-Iƒ D≠m-bn-cp∂
apkvenw hy‡n-Iƒ kvs]bn-\n-ep-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. cmP-Iob KŸ-ti-J-c-
W-Øn¬ amXw, A®-Snbpw IS-em v \n¿Ωm-Whpw A]q¿∆-am-bn-cp∂
B ka-b-Øp-t]mepw \mep e£-tØmfw ]pkvX-I-ß-fp≠m-bn-cp-∂p.
B[p-\nIIme-sØ-t∏mse A®-Sn-hnZy kp]-cn-Nn-X-a-√m-Xn-cp∂ A°m-
eØv ssIsø-gpØp coXn-bm-bn-cp∂p \ne-hn-ep-≠m-bn-cp-∂-Xv. AXp-
sIm≠p Xs∂ ]pkvX-I-c-N\ ]bm-khpw sNe-th-dn-b-Xp-am-bn-cp-∂p.
sIm¿tZm-hbn¬ amXw 20,000 t]¿ ]pkvX-I-hym-]m-c-Øn¬ G¿s∏-´n-cp-
∂p-h-sX.
]pkvX-I-\n¿Ωm-W-Øn-\m-h-iy-amb IS-em v \n¿Ωm-W-Øns‚ IpØ-
Ibpw A∂v kvs]bv≥ \ne-\n¿Øn. kvs]bn-\nse tdmam DƒI-S¬Øo-
csØ im-Øn_ \Kcw IS-em p \n¿Ωm-W-Øn\p ]kn-≤-am-bn-cp-∂p.
hn⁄m\ kºm-Z -\ -Øn\v kvs]b-n\n -se-Ønb InkvXob
]WvUnX∑mcn-eq-sS-bmWv ]n¬°m-eØv IS-em v \n¿Ωm-Whpw H∏w
KŸ hn⁄m-\hpw ^m≥kv, C‰en XpS-ßnb bqtdm-]y≥ cmPy--ßfn-
te°v hym]n-®-Xv.
Ad_n ]m¿∞-\-Itfm-Sp≈ AanX Xmev]cyw Ah bqtdm-]y≥ mj-
I-fn-te°v hnh¿ Ø\w sNøm≥ t]c-I-ambn. CXn-\mbn [mcmfw bqtdm-
]y≥ InkvXob ]WvUn-X-∑m¿ HØp-Iq-Sn. A°m-esØ bqtdm-]y≥
ssh⁄m-\n-I- m-j-bmb em‰n-\n-te-bv°m-bn-cp∂p ][m-\-ambpw hnh¿Ø-
\߃ \S-∂n-cp-∂-Xv. c≠p \q‰m-t≠mfw XpS¿®bmbn \S∂ Cu
]Inbbnse hnh¿Ø-I-cn¬ ]i-kvX-cm-Wv, C‰en°m-c-\mb Pqdm¿Uv
Imap\n (1114-˛1187), FUvem¿Uv Hm^v _mØv, ssa°vƒ kvtIm´v (1175-
˛1234) XpS-ßn-b-h¿. Ch-cpsS
hnh¿Ø\ KŸ-ß-fn -eqsS
imkvXhpw Ie-Ifpw bqtdm-∏n¬
]N-cn-®p. C_v\p divZns‚bpw
C_v\p ko\-bp-sSbpw sshZy-im-
kvX-K-Ÿ-߃ aq∂v \q‰m-≠p-
Imew bqtdm-]y≥ Iem-e-b-ß-fn¬
]Tn-∏n-°-s∏- n-cp-∂p F∂Xp Xs∂
Cu kzm[o-\-Øns‚ alXzw hnfn®-
dn-bn-°p-∂p. A°m-eØv s]mXpsh
A‘-hn-izm-kn-I-fm-bn-cp∂p bqtdm-
]y≥ kaq-lw. KWn-Xw, sshZyw,
]Ir-Xn-im-kvXw, Ch B`n-Nm-c-ß-
fm-bmWv Ah¿ Icp-Xn-bn-cp-∂-Xv.
Ad-_n-I-fn¬ \n∂v hn⁄m\w
t\Snb tdmK¿ t_°¿ (1214-˛1234)
Ah bqtdm-]y≥ `mj-I-fn-te°v
hnh¿Ø\w sNbvXp F∂
k¬°¿Ωw sNbvX-Xn\v in£n-°-
s∏-SpI t]mepw sNbvXp; ]Øp-sIm-
√sØ Pbn¬hm-kw.
kvs]bn-\-n\-SpØ knknen
Zzo]m-bn-cp∂p CkvemanI kwkvIm-
c-Øns‚ as‰mcp bqtdm-]y≥ tIµw-
˛-C-hnsS c≠c \q‰m-t≠mfw (831-
˛1090) CkvemanI km∂n≤yw \nd-
™p-\n-∂p. DØ-cm-^n-°≥ hwi-
P-cmb t\m¿a≥ ssIkvX-h-cm-bn-
cp∂p ChnSsØ qcn-]-£-P-\-X-sb-
¶nepw t\m¿a≥ cmPm-°-∑m-cpsS
Z¿_m-dp -I -fn¬ CkvemanI
kzm[o\w hfsc Imew \o≠p-\n-
∂p. tdmK¿ c≠m-a≥ (1101-˛1154)
apkvenwI-tfmSv DZm-c-k-ao-]\w
]pe¿Øn-bn -cp∂ cmPm-hm -Wv.
At±lw apkvenam-sW-∂p-t]mepw
[cn-®-h-cp-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. ]kn≤
apkvenw `qan -im-kvX-⁄-\mb
C_v\p CZvcoknsb t\m¿a≥
cmPmhv B^n-°bn¬ \n∂pw
£Wn-®p-h-cpØn temI-Øns‚ qan-
im-kvX-sØ-∏-‰n Hcp KŸw cNn-
∏n-°p-Ibpw Hcp `qtc-Jm-NnXw
Xøm-dm-°n-°pI-bp-ap-≠m-bn. B[p-
\nI bpKm-cw-` -Øn\p apºp≈
G‰hpw B[n-Im-cnI temI-`q-]Sw
AXm-bn-cp-∂p-sh∂p hne-bn-cp-Ø-
s∏-Sp∂p. CZvcnkn-bpsS KŸw
449
18 kXyZqX≥
bqtdm-]y≥ `mj-I-fn-te°v hnh¿Ø\w sNbvXXv hgn-bmWv ]m›m-Xy¿
Gjy≥, B^n-°≥ `qJ-WvU-ß-sf-°p-dn®p a\- n-em-°n-b-Xp-X-s∂.
A∂sØ ssIkvXh h\n-X-Iƒ ]¿±bpw aqSp-]-Shpw AWn-bm≥
Xmev]cyw ]I-Sn-∏n-®n-cp-∂p. AXv Ckvemans‚ A¥ pw kzm[o-\-hp-
amWp hnfn-®-dn-bn°p-∂-Xv.
Ch-sbm-s°- Iq-SmsX kmº-Øn-I-amb I∏¬ bmX-Iƒ°v am¿§-
Z¿in-bm-hm≥ Ign-bpw-hn-[w IS¬∏m-X-I-sf-°p-dn®v Ah-Km-V-amb Adnhv
A∂v apkvenwIƒ°p-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. B[p-\nI temI-Øns‚ KXn-hn-K-Xn-
Iƒ am‰n-a-dn® t]m¿ØpKo-kp-Im-c-\mb hmkvtIm-Un-Km-abpsS IS¬hgn-
bp≈ C¥y≥ k©m-c-am¿§w Im´n-s°m-Sp-ØXv Ham≥Im-c\pw Hcp apkvenw
hym]m-cn-bp-amb inlm-_p-±n≥ AlvaZv _n≥ aPoZv F∂-bm-fm-bn-cp-∂p.
A‰vem‚nIv alm-k-apZw ]n∂n v B^n-°≥ h≥I-c-bpsS ap\-ºn-se-Ønb
Kma, hgn-ap-´n, \ncm-i-\mbn bmX Dt]-£n®v XncnsI aSßm≥ Xøm-sd-Sp-
°p-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p. At∏m-gmWv inlm-_p-±os\ I≠p-ap-´p-∂Xv. XpS¿∂v
inlm-_p-±o≥ Im´n-s°m-SpØ hgntb Kma tImgn-t°mSp FØn I∏-en-d-
ßp-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p. ta¬ kqNn-∏n® hgn-Im-´nbpw a‰v Ad-_n-Ifpw \nc-¥-c-
ambn h∂p-sIm-≠n-cp-∂ Hcp ÿncw IS¬∏m-X-bm-Wn-Xv. Hcn-°epw
CsXmcp ]pXnb I≠p-]n-Sp-Ø-am-bn-cp-∂n-√. F∂m¬ 1498 sabv 12 \v
hmkvtIm-U-nKma tImgn-t°mSv I∏-en-d-ßn-bXv Hcp h≥I-≠p-]n-Sp-Ø-am-
bn-´mWv ]m›m-Xy¿ hymJym-\n-®-Xv.
tIcf hnt\m-Z-k-©m-c-h-Ip∏v inlm-_p-±o-t\mSp A¬∏w \oXn Im´n-
sb∂p ]d-bmsX hø. Im∏mSv XocØv tIcf Sqdn-Ãv hIp∏v ÿm]n®
Hcp Sqdn-Ãv dntkm¿´n\v inlm-_p-±o≥ AlvaZns‚ t]cp \¬In-bm-Wv
\ΩpsS k¿°m¿ At±-lsØ BZ-cn-®-Xv. Cu hgn-Im-´n-bmb apkvenw
I®-h-S-°m-cs\ I≠p-ap-´m-\p≈ `mKyw Kma-bv°p-≠m-bn-cp-∂n-√ F¶n-¬,
hmkvtIm-Un-Km-a-bpsS bmXm-N-cnXw ]mXn-h-gn°v Dt]-£n-t°-≠n-h∂v
hnkvar-X-am-sbmcp A≤ym-b-am-Ip-am-bn-cp-∂p. CtX hmkvtIm-U-nKm-a-bpsS
]n≥Km-an-I-fpsS t\Xr-Xz-Øn¬ ]n¬°m-eØv apkvenwI ƒ°p t\sc ae-
_m-dn¬ Ac-tß-dnb Iqc-amb \c-\m-bm´ns‚ a\-imkvXw 1492 hsc
kvs]bn≥ ˛ t]m¿´pK¬ ]tZ-i-ßfnse apkvenwIƒ°p t\sc \S∂
D∑qe ]In-b-bpsS ]Xo-Im-fl-I-amb ]I-S-\-am-Imt\ hgn-bp-≈q.
]Xn-\©mw \q‰m-≠n-s‚ A¥y-Z-i-tbmsS kvs]bv\nse CkvemanI
kzm[o\w AkvX-an-°m≥ XpS-ßn. kvs]bv\n¬ tijn-®n-cp∂ apkvenwI-
fpsS Ah-km\ A`-b-tI-µ-am-bn-cp∂ K\-U-bpsS XI¿®-tbmsS 1942
¬ apkvenw XI¿® ]q¿Æ-am-°-s∏-´p. Km\U ssIh-i-s∏-Sp-Ønb
ssIkvX-h¿ apkvenwIƒ°p-t\sc ISpØ BI-a-W-߃ Agn-®p-hn-´p.
Ad-_n- mj kwkm-cn-°p-∂Xpw ]Tn-°p-∂Xpw Ip‰-I-c-am-°n. InkvXp-aXw
kzoI-cn°m≥ A[n-Im-cn-Iƒ P\-ßsf \n¿_-‘n-®p. hnk-Ω-Xn® Bbn-
c-ßsf Poh-t\msS Nps´-cn-®p. e£-°-W-°n\p apkvenwIƒ ]pd-Øm-
°-s∏-´p. Ht´-sd-t∏¿ kzbw cmPyw-hn-´p-t]m-bn. \mSp-hn-´-h¿ GI-tZiw
aq∂p-e-£-tØm-f-am-bn-cp-∂p. ]e¿°pw Poh-`bw ImcWw InkvXp-aXw
kzoI-cn-t°≠ Ah-ÿ-bpw ssIh-∂p.
1511-˛¬ kvs]bv\nse ssIkvXh c-W-IqSw Ad-_n-K-Ÿ-߃ apgp-
h≥ A·n-c-°-bm-°m≥ DØ-c-hn-´p. e£-°-W-°n\p KŸ-߃ IØn
shÆo-dm-bn. K\U \K-c-Øn¬ amXw Nps -cn-°-s∏- Xv F¨]-Xn\mbncw
KŸ-ß-fm-Wv IØn-°-s∏-SmsX Ah-ti-jn-®h kvs]bv\nse FkvtIm-
dn-bm¬ KŸ-im-e-bn¬ kq£n-®n- p-≠v. Ah-ti-jn®hbn-eq-sS-bm-Wv B[p-
\nI temI-Øns‚ ]n¬°me t\´-
߃ bqtdm-]y≥am¿ sImbvsX-Sp-
Ø-Xv. A·n-°n-c-bm-°-s∏-´-h-IqSn
\ne-\n-∂n-cp-s∂-¶n-¬ hn⁄m-\-hn-
kvt^m-S-\-cwKØv B[p-\nI temI-
Øns‚ KXn F¥m-Ip-sa∂p Duln-
°m-hp-∂-tX-bp-≈q. Hcp-]-t£,
Ah t_m[-]q¿∆w A·n-°n-c-bm-
°n -bXp Xs∂ a[y -Ime
CkvemanI hn⁄m-\-Øn-s‚ Xncp-
ti-jn-∏p-Iƒ ]n¬°me temIw
Adn-bm-Xn-cn-°m-\m-Wv. IqSm-sX,
]q¿Æ-ambpw bqtdm-]y-cn-eq-sS-bmWv
B[p-\n-I-temIw hf¿® ]m]n-®-
sX∂v hcp-Øn-Øo¿°m-\p≈ XnI-
™ ]m›mXy amt\-Pvsa‚ v _p≤n
Xs∂-bmhmw CXns‚ ]n∂nse
t]cI i‡n-bpw.
Cßns\ a[yIm-e-N-cn-X-Øn
¬ 800 h¿j-°mew \ne-\n∂ kv
s]bn-\nse CkvemanI km∂n≤yw
Hscm‰ apkvenw \ma-[m-cn-t]mepw
Ah-ti-jn-°msX ]q¿Æ-ambn
XpS®p \o°-s∏-´p. apkvenw `c-W-
km-∂n≤yw Hm¿Ωn-°m≥ A°m-
eØv \n¿Ωn-°-s∏´ GXm\pw aµn-
c-߃ amXta C∂-h-ti-jn-°p-∂p-
≈q. kvs]bn-\nse apkvenwI-fpsS
A¥yw Ncn-X-Ønse Xs∂ thZ-
\m-P-I-\mb Hcp Zpc-¥-am-bn-cp-∂p.
B ]gb Zpc-¥-Øns‚ XpS¿°-Y-
bmtWm A vKm-\n-ÿm-\nepw Cdm-
Jn-epw, CtX ]m›m-Xy-i-‡n-I-
fpsS ]pXnb amt\-Pvsa‚ v ck-X-¥-
Øn-eqsS Ac-tß-dp∂ NXn-hp-I-
sf∂p kwi-bn-t°-≠n-bn-cn-°p-∂p.
]pXnb apkvenw temIw bYm-k-
abw Cu h©\ I≠-dn-™n-s√-¶n-
¬, as‰mcp kvs]bn≥ Zpc¥w Ad-
_n-\m-Sp-I-fn¬ Bh¿Øn-°p-sa-∂-
Xn\p kwi-b-an-√. AXp-≠m-hm-Xn-
cn-°m-\mbn \ap°p ]m¿∞n-°mw.
(B-i-b-Øn\pw d^-d≥kn\pw,
tIcf hmgvkn‰n CkvemanI Ncn-X-
]-T\ hIp∏p ta[m-hn tUmIvS¿
Fkv. jd-^p-±o-t\mSv \µn-]q¿∆w
IS-∏mSv. teJ-Is‚ Mobile No.9895180441)
450
192006 \hw-_¿
temIØv ImW-s∏-Sp∂
F√m aX-ß-fp-sSbpw Dt±-iy-e£yw
a\p-jys\ tam£-]m]vXn°¿l-\m-
°p-Ibpw ssZh-km-ao-]y-Øn∂p
]mXo-`q-X-\m-°p-I-bp-am-Wv. tem
IØv Ah-Xo¿Æ-cmb F√m
]hmN-I-∑mcpw Xß-fpsS kap-Zm-
b-Øn∂v Cu e£yw t\Sn-s°m-Sp-
t°Ww F∂ e£y-]m-]vXn-°p-th-
≠n-bmWv Atlm-cmXw Xoh-
bXv\w sNbvXn-cp-∂-Xv. ssZh-hn-
izmkw, k¬°¿Ω-߃, ]m]-tam-
N\w, k¿t∆m-]cn ssZhm-\p-Klw
F∂o Imcy-ß-fm-bn-cp∂p Ah¿
tam£-]m-]vXn-°p≈ \nZm-\-ß-
fmbn ]t_m-[n-®n-cp-∂-Xv.
F∂m¬ CXn¬ \n∂pw hn`n∂-
ambn a\p -jys‚ _p≤n°pw
bp‡n°pw tbmPn-°mØXpw ]am-
W-߃°pw ssZhnI kn≤m-¥-
߃°pw ]msS hncp-≤-am-bXpw
Bb Hc-¤p-X-kn-≤m-¥-amWv B[p-
\nI InkvXp-aXw kzoI-cn-°p-Ibpw
]t_m-[n-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂-Xv.
AXm-bXv a\p-jy-\mb BZw Hcp
Ckvemapw InkvXp-a-Xhpw ˛Hcp Xmc-X-ay-]-T\w
ap-l-ΩZv Da¿ F®v.-F. tImgn-t°m-Sv
]m]w sNbvX Imc-W-Øm¬ At±-
l-Øn-∂pt-ijw P\n-°p∂ Hmtcm
inip-hpw- P∑\m ]m]n-bm-bn-´mWp
P∑-sa-Sp-°p-∂-Xv. a\p--jy-Ip-esØ
Cu BP-∑-]m-]-Øn¬ \n∂pw c£-
s∏-SpØphm-\mbn ssZhw Aøm-
bncw h¿j-°mew Nn¥n-®-Xn-∂p-
tijw Cu BP-∑-]m-]-Øn\pw Hcp
]cn-lmcw Is≠-Øn. AXm-bXv
Xs‚ GI-]p-X-\mb tbip-hns\
`qan-bn¬ a\p-jy-cq-]-Øn-e-b®v apgp-
a-\p-jy-k-aq-l-Øn-s‚bpw ]m]- m-cw
\nc-]-cm-[n-bmb B ip≤ a\-kv
°s‚ Xe-bn-te‰n sh®v At±-l
sØ Ipcn-in-te‰n Xd-®p-sIm-√p-I
F∂-Xm-bn-cp∂p B ]m]-]-cn-lm-cw.
Aßs\ tbip-hns‚ Ipcn-ip-a-c-W-
Øn¬ hniz-kn-°p-∂-h¿°p ]m]-hn-
tam-N-\hpw tam£hpw e`n-°p-∂-Xm-
Wv. F∂m¬ Cu A_-≤-hn-izm-
ksØ ss__nƒ Xs∂ hymP-s∏-
Sp-Øp-∂p. AXm-bXv ]m]w Hcmƒ
(B-Zw) sNøp-Ibpw in£ as‰m-
cmƒ (tb-ip) A\p-`-hn-°p-Ibpw
sNøp∂p. \ymb-c-ln-X-amb Xocp-am-
\sØ ss__nƒ Xs∂ Jfin-°p-
Ibpw \n-tj-[n-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂p.
AXv ]d-bp-∂Xv ImWp-I:
""]m]w sNøp∂ tZln-a-cn°pw.
aI≥ A∏s‚ AIrXyw hln-t°-
≠. A∏≥ aIs‚ AIr-Xyhpw
hln-t°-≠. \oXn-ams‚ \oXn
Ahs‚ taepw Zpjv-Ss‚ ZpjvSX
Ahs‚ taepw Ccn-°pw. (sb-sl-
kvtX¬ 18:20,21)
CXvt]m-ep≈ Hcp-]mSp hN-\-
߃ ss__n-fn¬ ImW-s∏-Sp-∂p.
CXn¬ \n∂pw ]m]w a\p-jy∂v
]n¥p-S¿®m-h-Im-i-ambn e`n-°p∂
H∂√ F∂v Kmly-amIp-∂p. hn
ip≤ Jp¿-B\pw C]-Imcw Acpƒ
sNøp-∂p:
""Hmtcm Bflmhpw AXns‚
kz¥w DØ-c-hm-ZnXzØn-t∑-e-
√msX H∂pw kºm-Zn-°p-∂n-√. mcw
hln-°p∂ Hcmfpw as‰m-cm-fpsS
`mcw hln-°p-I-bn-√. ]ns∂ \nß-
fpsS \mYs‚bSp-°-te°v Xs∂-
bmWv \nß-fpsS aS°w'' (6:165)
InkvXp-k- -bpsS ap‡n-imkvXw bp‡n-]-ctam ssZh-a-l-Xz-Øn\v tbmPn-®tXm A√.
InkvXp-hns‚ bYm¿∞ A≤ym-]-\-߃ Ckvemw aX-hp-ambn XmZmflyw
]m]n-°p-∂-Xm-sW∂v ss__nƒ Xs∂ km£yw hln-°p-∂p.
451
20 kXyZqX≥
as‰m-cn-S-Øn¬ ]d-bp∂p:
""`mcw hln-°p∂ Hcm-flmhpw
as‰m-∂ns‚ `mcw hln-°p-I-bn-√.
`mcw \nanØw sRcp-ßn-bn-cn-°p∂
Hcm-flmhv AXns‚ `mcw hln-°p-
hm-\mbn (a-s‰m-∂n-s\) hnfn-°p-∂-
Xm-bm¬ AXn¬ \n∂p H´pw Xs∂
hln-°-s∏-Sp-I-bn-√. B hnfn-°-s∏-
Sp∂ Bƒ ASpØ _‘p-hm -
bmepw icn.'' (35:19)
bp‡n°pw ]am-W-Øn∂pw
hncp-≤-amb Cu ]cn-lmky In
kvXob kn≤m-¥-Øns‚ s]m≈-
Ø-csØ°pdn®p Cu teJ-\-Øn
s‚ Ah-km-\-Øn¬ ]Xn-]m-Zn-°-
s∏-Sp-∂-Xm-Wv.
C\n \ap°v hnip≤ Jp¿-B-
s‚bpw ss__n-fn-s‚bpw A≤ym-
]--\-ß-fpsS shfn-®-Øn¬ ]m]-]-cn-
lm-c-kn-≤m-¥-sØ-°p-dn®pw tam£-
]m-]vXn-sb-°p-dn®pap≈ c≠p aX-
ß-fp-sSbpw ASn-ÿm-\-X-Xz-ß
sf°pdn®p Aev]w hni-I-e\w
sNømw.
tam£hpw ]m]ßfn¬ \n∂v
c£bpw e`n-°p-∂-Xn∂v hnizm-
khpw k¬°¿-Ω-ßfpw A\n-hm-cy-
L-S-I-am-sW∂v ss__nƒ D¬
tLm-jn-°p-∂p.
ss__nƒ ]pXnb \nbaw ]d-
bp-∂p:
""Rm≥ \nß-tfmSp ]d-bp∂p:
hniz-kn-°p-∂-h∂v \nXy-Po-h≥
D≠v.'' (tbm-l-∂m≥ 6:47)
""ktlm-Z -c -∑m-tc, Hcp -Ø≥
X\n°v hnizm-k-ap-s≠∂p ]d-bp-
Ibpw ]hr-Øn-Iƒ C√m-Xn-cn-°p-
Ibpw sNbvXm¬ D]-Imcw F¥v?
B hnizm-k-Øm¬ Ah≥ c£
]m]n-°p-Itam?'' (bm-t°m_v 2:14)
""tbip Ah-t\mSp ""\ns‚
hnizmkw \ns∂ c£n-®ncn-°p∂p''
F∂p ]d™p. (eq-t°mkv 18:42)
""hnip-≤∂v HØ-hÆw A\p-k-
c-W-ap≈ a°-fmbn F√m \S-∏nepw
hnip≤cmIp-ho≥. Rm≥ hnip
≤\mI-bm¬ \nßfpw hnip≤cmbn-
cn-°p-ho≥'' F∂p Fgp-Xn-bn-cn-°p-
∂p-ht√m. (]-tXmkv Fgp-Xnb
H∂mw teJ\w 1:15, 16)
hnip≤ Jp¿-B\pw [mcmfw
ÿe-ß-fn¬ tam£-]m-]vXn°v
hnizm-khpw k¬°¿Ω-ßfpw ASn-
ÿm-\-]-c-amb \nZm-\--ß-fm-sW∂p
]d-bp-∂p. AXm-bXv:
kXy-hn-izm-kn-Ifpw k¬I¿Ωn-
I-fp-am-b-hsc kt¥m-j-hm¿Ø
Adn-bn-°p-I. Ah¿°v XmtgmcØp-
IqSn Acp-hn-Iƒ Hgp-In-s°m-≠n-cn-
°p∂ kz¿§-߃ D≠v. (2:26)
kXy-Øn¬ hniz-kn-°p-Ibpw
k¬°¿Ω-߃ sNøp-Ibpw sNøp-
∂-h-scm-gnsI a\p-jy≥ \jvS-Øn
¬ Xs∂-bmWv (103:3, 4)
tam£-]m-]vXn-°mbn kXy-hn-
izm-khpw k¬°¿Ω-ßfpw Bh-
iy-am-bn-cn-°p-∂Xvt]mse F√m-hn[
]m]-I¿Ω-ß-fn¬ \n∂pw Ip‰-Ir-Xy-
ßfn¬ \n∂pw hn´p-\n¬t°-W-
sa∂pw tbip ]d-bp-∂p. AXm-bXv:
""Xn∑-tbmSp tXm¬°msX \∑-
bm¬ Xn∑sb hnP-bn-∏n-°p-∂p.''
(tdm-a≥ 12:21)
hnip≤ Jp¿-B\pw Acpƒ
sNøp-∂Xv C-Xp-X-s∂-bm-Wv. Xo¿®-
bmbpw k¬°¿Ω-߃ Zpjv°¿Ω-
ßsf AI-‰n-°-f-bp-∂p. (11:115)
tbip-InkvXp ho≠pw ]-d-bp-
∂p:
""Pohs\ B-K-ln°pIbpw ip -
Imew ImWm≥ C—n-°p-Ibpw
sNøp-∂-h-≥ tZmjw sNømsX
Xs‚ \mhn-s\bpw hymPw ]d-bm
sX A[-c-sØbpw AS-°n-s°m-≈-
s´. Ah≥ tZmjw hn´-I∂v KpWw
sNøp-Ibpw kam-[m\w At\z-jn®v
]n¥p-S-cp-Ibpw sNø-s´. I¿Øm-
hns‚ IÆp \oXn-am-∑m-cpsS taepw
Ahs‚ sNhn Ah-cpsS ]m¿∞-
\°pw Xpd-∂n-cn-°p-∂p. F∂m¬
I¿Øm-hns‚ apJw Zpjv]-hrØn-
°m¿°v ]Xn-Iq-e-am-bn-cn-°p-∂p. (1
]tXmkv 3:10)
""C\n a\p-jy-cpsS taml-߃
A√, ssZh-Øns‚ CjvS-Øn∂v
Pohn-t°-≠-Xn∂v ]m]w hns´m-gn-
™n-cn-°p-∂p. Imam¿Øn-I-fnepw
taml-ß-fnepw ho™p IpSn-bnepw
shdn°qØp-I-fnepw aZy -]m -\-
Ønepw [¿Ω-hn-cp-≤-amb hnK-lm-
cm-[-\-I-fnepw \S∂p PmXn-I-fpsS
CjvSw ]h¿Øn-®p-sIm≠v Imew
t]m°n-bXv aXn.'' (1 ]tXmkv 4:2,3)
\nß-fpsS ]m]-߃ ambn®p I
f-bp-hm≥ ]›m-Ø-]n®v ssZh-Øn-
te°v Xncn-bp-hn≥ (As∏m: 3:19)
CXp kw_-‘n®v hnip≤ Jp¿-
B≥ Acpƒ sNøp-∂p:
""]›m-Ø-]n®v aS-ßp-Ibpw k
¬°¿Ω-߃ sNøp-Ibpw sNøp-∂-
h¿°v A√mlp Ah-cpsS Xn∑-Isf
\∑-I-fm°n am‰n-s°m-Sp-°p-∂-Xm-
Wv. h√-hcpw ]›m-Ø-]n®v aS-ßp-
Ibpw k¬I¿Ω-߃ A\p-jvTn-°p-
Ibpw sNøp-∂-Xm-bm¬ Xo ¿®-
bmbpw Ah≥ bYm¿∞-Øn¬ A
√m-lp-hn-¶-te°v ]cn-]q¿Æ-ambn aS-
ßp-I-bmWp sNøp∂Xv.'' (25:71, 72)
hnip≤ Jp¿-B≥ Hcp -]mSp
ÿe-ß-fn¬ Zpjv°¿Ω-ß-fn¬
\n∂p hn´p-\n¬t°-≠p∂ Bh-iy-
I-X-sb-∏‰n Du∂n-bq-∂n∏-d-bp-∂p.
]cn-lm-kw, Zp¿[m-c-W, Gj-Wn,
]c-Zq-j-Ww, hymPw, Nmc-hr-Øn,
Akq-b, hntZz-jw, sshcm-Kyw,
tIm]w F∂o ]e Zpjv°¿Ω-ß-
sfbpw Zpjn® hnNm-c-hn-Im-c-ß-
sfbpw ]‰n hnh-cn-®p-sIm≠v Ah-
bn¬ \ns∂√mw hn´p-\n¬t°-W-
sa∂v hnip≤ Jp¿-B≥ hnhn[
A≤ym-b-ß-fn¬ hnh-cn-°p-∂p.
B ]pWy-KŸw as‰m-cn-SØv
Acpƒ sNøp-∂p.:
""hniz-kn-®-h-tc, \n›-b-ambpw
aZyhpw NqXm-´hpw ]Xn-jvT-I-fpw,
]iv\w sh°p∂ AkvX-ßfpw
]nim-Nns‚ sNbvXn-I-fn¬ s]´
\oN-- Ir-Xy-ß-fm-Wv. AXn-\m¬
452
212006 \hw-_¿
\n߃ Ah h¿÷n-°p-I, \n߃
hnP-bn-I-fm-Ip-∂-Xn-∂p-th≠n. Xo¿
®-bmbpw ]nim-Np Dt±-in-°p-∂Xv
aZyhpw NqXm-´hpw aptJ\ \n߃
°nS-bn¬ iXp-Xbpw hntZz-jhpw
D≠m-°n-Øo¿ t°-W-sa∂pw A√m-
lp-hns‚ kvac-W-bn¬ \n∂pw \a-
kvIm-c-ß-fn¬ \n∂pw \nßsf XS-
b-W-sa∂pw amX-am-Wv. AXp-sIm
≠v \n߃ Ch-bn¬ \ns∂√mw
hnc-an-°p-∂pt≠m?'' (5:91, 92)
Npcp-°-Øn¬ kXy-hn-izm-kw,
k¬°¿Ω-߃, ]m]-I¿Ω-ß-fn¬
\n∂pw hn´p -\n¬°¬ F∂nh
tam£-]m-]vXn-°p≈ am¿§-ß-fmbn
hnip≤ Jp¿-B\pw InkvXob thZ-
K-Ÿ-ß-fmbn kam-l-cn-°-s∏´
ss__n-fpw A\p-im-kn-°p-∂p.
F∂p-am-X-a-√, k¿t∆m-]-cn,
ssZh-Øns‚ ]tXy-Im-\p-Klw
tam£-]m-]vXn-°p≈ \nZm-\-am-
sW∂v Jp¿-B\pw ss__nfpw ]d-
bp-∂p.
ss__n-fnse ]pXnb \nbaw
]d-bp-∂-Xm-Wn-Xv:
""c£n-°-s∏-Sp -hm≥ B¿°p
Ignbpw F∂v injy¿ tNmZn-®-X∂v
tbip Ahsc t\m°n. AXp a\p-
jy¿°v Akm-[y-sa-¶nepw ssZh-
Øn∂v kI-ehpw km[yw F∂p
]d™p'' (a-Ømbn 19:25, 26)
as‰mcp ÿeØp ]d-bp∂p:
""F\n°v IcpW tXmt∂-W-
sa∂p≈h-t\mSv IcpW tXm∂p-I-
bpw, F\n°v I\nhv tXmt∂-W-sa-
∂p-≈ht\mSp I\nhp tXm∂p-I
bpw sNøpw F∂v Ah≥ (ssZ-hw)
tamsi-tbmSp Acpfn sNøp-∂p.
AXp-sIm≠p C—n-°p∂h\m-ep-a-
√, HmSp -∂-h-\m-ep -a -√, IcpW
tXm∂p∂ ssZh-Øm-esX kI-
ehpw km[n-°p-∂-Xv... Aßs\
X\n°v a\- p-≈-h-t\mSp Ah∂p
IcpW tXm∂p-∂p. AXn\v a‰p-≈-
hsc Ah≥ ITn-\-\m-°p∂p'' (tdm-
a¿ 9:15-˛18)
""Ir]-bm-esX \n߃ c£n-°-
s∏-´n-cn-°p-∂Xv'' (F-ss^-ky¿ 2:5)
hnip≤ Jp¿-B≥ Acpƒ sNøp-
∂Xpw CXp-X-s∂-bm-Wv. AXm-b-Xv,
Ah≥ C—n-°p-∂-h¿°v s]mdp-Øp-
sIm-Sp-°p-∂p. Ah≥ C—n-°p-∂-
h¿°v in£ \¬Ip-∂p. A√mlp
k¿∆-i-‡-\mWv (2:285)
hniz-kn-°p-Ibpw k¬°¿Ω-
߃ sNøp-Ibpw sNbvX-h¿°v
Ah≥ Xs‚ A\p-K -l-Øn¬
\n∂pw ]Xn- ew \¬Ip-∂p. Ahn-
izm-kn-Isf Ah≥ kvt\ln-°p-
∂n√ (30:46)
Npcp°-Øn¬ hnizm -khpw
k¬°¿Ωhpw A√m-lp -hns‚
A\p-K-l-sØbpw A-hs‚ Imcp-
Wy-sØbpw BI¿jn-°p∂ \nan-
Ø-ß-fm-Ip-∂p.
bYm¿∞-Øn-ep≈ ]m]-]-cn-lm-
c-kn-≤m-¥-amWv hnip≤ Jp¿-B\pw
ss__nfpw ]t_m-[n-°p-∂-Xv.
Aß-s\-b-√msX Hcmƒ ]m]w sN
øp-Ibpw \nc-]-cm-[n-bmb as‰m-cmƒ
As√-¶n¬ a\p-jy-Ip-e-sam-´msI
in£b\p-`-hn-°pIbpw sNøpI
F∂Xv Atßb-‰sØ Iqchpw
a\p-jy-Xz-c-ln-Xhpw Bb kn≤m-¥-
am-Wv.
ss__n-fn-te°v Xs∂ Aev]-
sam∂p Nn¥n-°p-I-bmsW¶n¬
B[p-\nI InkvXo-b-cpsS ]m]-]-
cn-lmc kn≤m-¥-Øns‚ A¿∞-iq-
\yX hy‡-am-Ip-∂-Xm-Wv.
BZmw sNbvX ]m]-am-W-t√m
InkvXo-b-cpsS ]m]-]-cn-lm-ckn
≤m¥Øn∂p Imc-W-am-bn-Øo ¿∂n-
cn-°p-∂Xv. CXns‚ bmYm¿∞y-sa-
¥m-sW∂p ss__n-fns‚ shfn-®-
Øn¬ Øs∂ \ap°p t\m°mw.
ss__n -fnse ""D¬]Øn''
c≠pw aq∂pw A≤ym-b-ß-fn¬ C]-
Imcw ]d-bp∂p:
btlm-h-bmb ssZhw Ing°v
GZ-\n¬ Hcp tXm´w D≠m-°n. Xm≥
krjvSn® a\p -jys\ A-hnsS
B°n. Im¨am≥ `wKn-bp-≈Xpw
Xn≥am≥ \√- ^-eap-≈-Xpamb
Hmtcm hr£ßfpw tXm´-Øns‚
\Sp-hn¬ Poh-hr-£hpw btlm-h-
bmb ssZhw \ne-Øp-\n∂p apf-∏n-
®p.... btlm-h-bmb ssZhw a\p-jy-
t\mSp Iev]n-®-sX-s¥-∂m¬ tXm´-
Ønse kI-e-hr-£-ß-fp-sSbpw
^ew \n\°v CjvSw t]mse Xn
∂mw. F∂m¬ \∑-Xn-∑-Isf °pdn-
®p≈ Adn-hns‚ hr-£-Øns‚
^ew Xn∂-cp-Xv. Xn∂p∂ \mfn¬
\o acn-°pw.... btlm-h-bmb ssZhw
D≠m-°nb F√m Im´p-P-¥p-°-sf-
°mfpw ]mºv Iui-e-ta-dn-b-Xm-bn-
cp-∂p. AXv kvXotbmSp ""tXm´-
Ønse bm-sXmcp hr£-Øns‚
^ehpw \n߃ Xn∂-cp-sX∂v, ssZ
hw hmkvX-h-ambn Iev]n-®n- pt≠m
F∂p tNmZn-®p. kvXo ]m-ºn-t\mSp
tXm´-Ønse hr£-Øns‚ ^ew
R߃°p Xn -∂mw. F∂m¬
\n߃ acn-°m-Xn-cn-t°-≠-Xn∂v
tXm´-Øns‚ \Sp-hn-ep≈ hr£-
Øns‚ ^ew Xn∂-cp-Xv. sXmSp-
Ibpw AcpXv F∂v ssZhw Iev]n-
®n -´p≠v F∂p ]d-™p. ]mºv
kvXotbmSv ""\n߃ acn-°p-I-bn-√,
\n›bw AXp Xn∂p∂ \mfn¬
\nß-fpsS IÆp Xpd-°p-Ibpw
\n߃ \∑-Xn-∑-Isf Adn-bp-∂-h-
cmbn ssZh-sØ-t∏mse BIbpw
sNøpw F∂p ssZhw Adn-bp∂p
F∂p ]d-™p. B hr£-^ew
Xn≥am≥ \√Xpw Im¨am≥ `wKn-
bp-≈Xpw ⁄m\w ]m]n-∏m≥
Imayhpw F∂p kvXo I≠p. ew
]dn®p Xn∂p ¿Øm-hn∂pw sImSp-
Øp. Ah\pw Xn∂p. DSs\ Ccp-h-
cp-sSbpw IÆp Xpd∂p X߃ \·-
cm-sW-∂-dn-™p. (D¬]Øn c≠pw
aq∂pw A≤ym-b߃)
]kvXpX D≤-c-Wn-bn¬ \n∂pw
\∑-Xn-∑-Isf Xncn-®-dn-bp-hm-\p≈
i‡n e`n-t°-W-sa∂pw Aßs\
ssZhn -I-Kp -W-߃ Xß-fnepw
D≠m-tI-W-sa-∂p-ap≈ kZp-t±-iy-
tØm-Sp-Iq-Sn-bm-bn-cp∂p BZmapw
453
22 kXyZqX≥
l∆mbpw ]kvXpX I\n pPn-®n-cp-
∂-sX∂p a\- n-em-hp-∂p. A£-¥-
hy-amb Hcp ]m]-I¿Ω-a-√m-bn-cp∂p
AXv. Hcp adhn h∂p-t]mbn F∂p
thW-sa-¶n¬ ]dbmw CXn-s\-°p-
dn®p hnip≤ Jp¿-B≥ ]d-bp-∂-Xv.
""BZ-an∂v \mw Hcp Iev]\ \¬In.
]t£, At±lw ad-∂p-t]m-bn.
At±-l-Øn∂p (I-ev]\ ewLn-°p-
hm≥) a\x-]q¿∆w Dt±iyw D≈-Xm
bn \mw I≠n√'' (20:116) F∂m-Wv.
ss__n-fn¬ ]kvXpX hN-\-
߃ ]Imcw I\n pPn-®m¬ DS≥
acn-®p-t]m-Ip-sa∂p ssZhhpw acn-
°p-∂-X√ F∂p kmØm\pw ]d-
™p. F∂m¬ Ah-cn-cp-hcpw I\n
`pPn--®-t∏mƒ acn-°p-I-bp-≠m-bn-√.
CXn¬ \n∂pw kmØm≥ ]d-™-
XmWv icn, ssZhw ]d-™Xv
]pe¿∂n√ F∂t√ A\p-am-\n-t°-
≠-Xv. CXv icn-bmtWm?
F∂m¬ Hcp sX‰n-≤m-cW aqew
BZmapw l∆mbpw hne-°-s∏´ I\n
`£n-®-Xns‚ ^e-ambn A-h¿°pw
Ah-cpsS k¥m-\-߃°pw e`n-®n-
cp∂ in£ FX-amXw ItTm-c-am-
sW∂p t\m°p-I. l∆°p \¬
Inb in£-sb-°pdn®p ss__nƒ
]d-bp∂p. kvXotbmSp Ah≥
]d™p: Rm≥ \n\°p ZpxJ-sØ
bpw \n\°p K¿`-[m-c-W-sØbpw
G‰w h¿≤n-∏n-°pw. \o hyk-\-
tØmsS ss]X-ßsf ]k-hn-°pw.
\ns‚ BKlw \ns‚ `¿Øm-hn-
t\mSp IqsS BIpw. (D¬]Øn 3:16)
CXn¬ \n∂pw l∆ hne-°-s∏´
I\n `pPn-®n-cp-∂n-√m-bn-cp-∂p-sh-
¶n¬ kvXoh¿§w K¿`w [cn-°p-
Itbm ]k-h-th-Z\ A\p-`-hn-°p-
Itbm `¿Øm-hns\ kvt\ln-°p-
Itbm sNøp-I-bn-s√-∂m-Wt√m
\mw a\- n-em-t°-≠-Xv. _p-≤n°pw
bp‡n°pw tbmPn® Hcp in£-
bmtWm CXv? l∆m-bn¬ \n∂pw
kwI-an® Cu ]m]-Øn¬ \n∂pw
tbip-hns‚ Ipcn-ip-a-c-W-Øn¬
hniz-kn-°pI \nanØw InkvXym\n
kvXoIfpw ]k-h-th-Z\ A\p- -hn-
°p-∂-Xm-bn-´t√ I≠p-h-cp-∂-Xv?
Cu in£ C∂pw XpS¿∂p-h-cn-I-bm-
Wt√m? CXv \oXnbpw \ymb-hp-
amtWm?
C-\n ssZhw BZ-an∂p \¬Inb
in£-sb-∏‰n ss__nƒ ]d-bp∂p:
""\ns‚ \nanØw qan i]n-°-s∏-
´n-cn-°p-∂p. \ns‚ Bbp p \msa
√mw ZpxJ-tØmsS \o A-Xn¬ \n
∂pw `£n-°pw. \o \ne-Øn¬ \n
∂p FSp-°-s∏-Spw. AXn¬ XncnsI
tNcp-thmfw \ns‚ apJ-Ønse
hnb¿∏p IqsS \o `£n-°pw. (D¬
]Øn 3:17-˛19)
BZw sNbvX ]m]w \nan-Ø-
amWv P∑\m ]m]n-I-fm-bn-Øo¿
∂Xv. BZw k¥-Xn-Iƒ Hcp in£-
sb-t∂mWw Xß-fpsS Pohn-X-
Imew apgp-h\pw `qan-bn¬ Irjn
sNøp-Ibpw hnb¿∏v Hen-∏n-®p-
sIm≠p Blmcw tXSp-Ibpw sN
tø≠n hcpw F∂v ]kvXpX hN
\w ]d-bp-∂p. tbip-hns‚ Ipcn-ip-
a-c-W-Øn¬ hniz-kn-®n´pw ]m]-ap-
‡-cmb InkvXym-\n-Iƒ ]kvXpX
in£-bn¬ \n∂pw CXp-hsc ap‡-
cm-bn-´n -s√-∂m-Wt√m A\p-`hw
hnfn-t®m-Xp-∂-Xv.
BZmapw l∆mbpw sNbvX Ip‰-
Øn∂p ssZhw `qan-sbbpw in£n-
®-Xmbpw `qansb i]n-°p-Ibpw
AXn¬ ap≈pw ]d-°m-c-I-fpw apf-
∏n-°p-Ibpw sNbvX-Xmbpw ss_
_nƒ ]d-bp-∂p. Ah-cn-cp-hcpw hne-
°-s∏´ I\n £n-®n-√m-bn-cp-∂p-sh-
¶n¬ `qan-bn¬ apƒs®-Sn-Ifpw a‰pw
D≠m-Ip-am-bn-cp-∂n√ F∂-t√ C
Xn¬ \n∂pw a\- n-emIp--∂-Xv?
Npcp-°-Øn¬ BZmapw l∆bpw
sNbvX Hcp Ip‰-Øn-\p≈ in£
Ign™ Bdm-bn-c-Øn-e-[nIw h¿j-
ß-fmbn a\p-jy-Ip-e-am-I-am\w
in£-Iƒ A\p- -hn-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-
I-bmtWm? a\p-jy-Ip-e-Øns‚
(-tijw 42˛mw t]Pn¬)
454
232006 \hw-_¿
ss__nƒ CuPn-]vXn
se Ckmtb¬ ]hm-N-I-\mb tbm
tk- ns‚ IY hnh-cn-®-Xn\ptijw
430 h¿j-Øn-\p -tijw CuPn-
]vXn¬ P\n® tamsi-bpsS Ncn-X-
Øn-te-°mWv ]thin-°p-∂-Xv.
CuPn-]vXn-te°v 70 Ckm-tb-en-
I -fmWv BZyw ]th-in -® -X v .
"bmt°m-_ns‚ k¥-Xn-Iƒ F√m-
hcpw IqSn Fgp-]Xv t]¿ D≠m-bn-
cp-∂p. tbmtk^v aptº Xs∂
CuPn-]vXn¬ Bbn-cp-∂p.' (]pd: 1:7).
Ckm-tb-en-Iƒ 430 h¿j-amWv
CuPn -] vXn¬ hkn -® -sX∂v
ss__nƒ ]d-bp-∂p. "Ck-tb¬
P\w CuPn-]vXn¬ Ign-®p-Iq-´nb
Imew \m∂q‰n ap∏Xv h¿j-°mew
Bbn-cp-∂p', (]pd: 12:40) as‰mcp
ÿeØv Cu Ime-K-W-\-bn¬
\n∂pw hyXy-kvX-ambn A-_-lm-
an\v btlmh \¬Inb Hcp Acp-f-
∏m-Sn¬ Ckm-tb-en-Iƒ CuPn-
]vXn¬ \m∂qdv h¿jw a¿±n-°-s∏-
Sp -sa∂v ]h-Nn -°-s∏-´ -Xmbpw
ImWp-∂p-≠v. "Ah¿ AhnsS ASn-
a-I-fm-bn-cn°pw \m∂q-dp-h¿jw a¿±n-
°-s∏Spw' (D¬: 15:13). F¥m-bmepw
70 t]cmbn CuPn-]vXn¬ ]th-in®
CuPn-]vXnse tamsi
Ck-tb-en-Iƒ 4 \q‰m-≠p-Iƒ°v
tijw Imem-ƒ S-∑m¿ Xs∂ Bdp-
e-£-ambn h¿≤n-®-Xmbn ss_
_nƒ ]d-bp-∂p. "At∏mƒ tamsi
]d™p: "Fs‚ IqsS-bp≈ Imem-
fns‚ kwJy Bdp-e£w' (kwJy
11:210). as‰m-cp-ÿ-eØv "Ccp-]Xv
hb p apX¬ ta¬t]m´p ]mb-ap-
≈h-cp-ambn FÆ-s∏´ ]pcp-j-∑m¿
Bdp -e -£Øn aqhm -bn -cØn
A™q-‰-ºXv' (kwJy 1:46) F∂p
ImWmw. IuXp-I-c-amb kwKXn 430
h¿j-°me Øn\p-≈n¬ \mep Xe-
ap-d-Iƒ sIm≠mWv Cu hºn® P\-
kwJym kvt^mS\w kw`-hn-®Xv
F∂mWv ss__nƒ ]d-bp-∂-Xv.
]pd-∏mSv 14 apX¬ 26 hsc-bp≈
hwim-hen ]´nI ]cn-tim-[n-®m¬
bmt°m-_n s‚ \memw Xe-ap-d-bn-
emWv tamsi P\n-®-sX∂v Im-Wmw.
D¬-]Øn 15:16bnepw CuPn]vXv
]th-i-\-Øn\v tijw \memw Xe-
ap-d-bn-emWv ]pd-∏mSv kw`-hn-®-
sX∂v ImWmw. AXm-bXv CuPn-
]vXn¬ ]th-in® 70 Ckm-tb-ey¿
430 h¿jw sIm≠v \memw Xe-ap-d-
°m-eØv Bdp-e-£-Øn-e-[n-I-ambn
s]cpIn F∂v ImWp-∂p. Cu
hkvXp-X-I-fnse ]q¿∆m-]-c-ssh-cp-
≤y-ßsf∏‰nbpw bp‡n-sb-∏-‰nbpw
ss_-_nƒ ]fin-X-∑m¿°n-S-bn¬
Xs∂ [mcmfw A`n-]mb hyXym-
k-ß-fp≠v.
C\n \ap°v tamsi-bpsS Ncn-
X-Øn-te°v hcmw. ]pcm-X\ CuPn-
]vXnse tKmj-\nse Hcp tehy (]p-
tcm -ln -X) IpSpw -_-Øn -emWv
tamsi P\n-®-Xv. "tehy--cpsS IpSpw-
_-߃ Aavdmw Xs‚ ]nXr-k-tlm-
Z-cn- tbmsI s_Zns\ hnhmlw
sNbvXp. Abmƒ°v Ah-fn¬ Al-
tdm\w tamsibpw ]nd -∂p.
(]pd:6:20) tamsi F∂ lo_p-
hm°ns‚ Ko°v D®m-c-W-amWv
tamk v (Moses). tamsi-sb-∏‰n
ss__n-fn\p ]pdsa blq-Z-N-cn-X-
Im-c-∑m-cmb tPmk-^-kpw, ntem-
bpw bp-tk-_n-bkpw tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øn-
bn-´p≈ Imcy-߃ IuXp-I-I-c-am-
Wv. Ah-bn¬ NneXv C]Im-c-am-Wv
tamsisb \Zn-bn¬ \n∂pw Is≠-
SpØ ^tdm-h-bpsS ]pXn-bpsS
t]¿ X¿ap-Xnkv F∂m-Wv. CuPn-
]vjy≥ kvXoIƒ ape-sIm-Sp-Øm¬
tamsi IpSn-°p-am-bn-cp-∂n-√. cmP-Ip-
amcn Hcn-°¬ dthmbpsS IncoSw
tamsi blq-Z-\m-bn-cp-∂n√ F∂ Nne bqtdm-]y≥ ]fin-X-∑m-cpsS
hmZw ss__n-fn-s‚bpw Jp¿-B-s‚bpw ]mT-߃s°-Xn-cm-Wv.
tamsi Ckm-tben ]hm-N-I-\m-sW-∂-Xn∂v Jp¿-B≥ i‡-amb
sXfn-hp-Iƒ \¬Ip∂p
F.-Fw. apl-ΩZv kenw
CuPn-]vXnse Ckmtb¬ P\-XbpsS hmkw:ss__n-fn -s‚bpw Jp¿-B-s‚bpw kao-]-\߃ ˛ 4.
455
24 kXyZqX≥
inip-hns‚ Xe-bn¬ sh®p. tamsi
AXv X´n Xmsg C´p Nhn-´n°-f-
™p. FtXym-]y-s°-Xnsc CuPn
]vXv \S-Ønb Hcp bp≤w tamsi-
bmWv \bn-®-Xv. hnP-b-io-em-fn-X-
\mb tamsi GtXym-]y≥ cmPm-
hns‚ aIƒ X¿_nkv cmP-Ip-am-
cnsb hnhmlw Ign-®p. tamsi hn-
hmlw Ign® Cu FtXym-]y≥
kXosb-°p-dn®v ss__nƒ kwJy
12:1 epw ]cma¿iw ImWmw. - tamsi-
bpsS CuPn-]vjy≥ t]cv Hkm¿kn-
^v. P∑-ÿew lnen-b-t]m-eo-kv.
CuPn]vX,v Ko-kv, Ako-dn-b, I¬Zm-
b-\mSv F∂n-hn-S--ß-fn¬ hnZym-
`ymkw \n¿∆-ln-®p. tamsi-bpsS
A¥yw taL-Øn¬ ad-™n- m-bn-cp-
∂p-sh∂pw Ah-cpsS hnh--c-W-ß-
fn¬ tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-´p-≠v. In. ap.
aq∂mw \q‰m-≠n¬ Pohn® at‰tXm
]ptcm-ln-X≥ Hcp Ncn-X-Im-c≥
IqSn-bm-bn-cp-∂p. At±lw ]d-bp-
∂Xv Hkm¿kn^v F∂ tamsi-
bpsS t\Xr-Xz-Øn-¬ Iem]w \-S-
Øn-bXv CuPn-]vXns‚ DØ-cm-
Xn¿Øn-bn¬ ]m¿Øn-cp∂ IpjvT
tcm-Kn-Ifpw a‰pw Bbn-cp∂p F∂m-
bn-cp∂p. Ahsc Aan-t\m-^nUv
F∂ tdmh kndn-b-bn-te°v \mSp
IS-Øn-°p-I-bm-Wp-≠m-b-Xv. Cß
s\ sFXn-lyhpw Ncn-Xhpw Xncn-
®-dn-b-s∏-SmØ coXn-bn¬ tamsi
sb∏‰n ]e ]Xn-]m-Z-\-ß-fpw a‰p
]e KŸ-ß-fnepw ImWp-∂p≠v.
ss__n-fn\pw Jp¿-B\pw hncp-
≤-ambn tamsi Ckm-tben hwi-
P-\m-bn-cp-∂n-s√∂pw Hcp CuPn-
]vjy≥ cmP-Ip-am-c-\mb At±-l-
Øns‚ NcnXw blq-Z-h-Xv°-cn-°p-
I-bm-Wp-≠m-b-sX∂pw \nc-h[n
]m›mXy Ncn-X-Im-c-∑m¿ I-cp-Xp-
∂p. temI-]-i-kvX-\mb a\-
imkvX hni-I-e\ hnZ-Kv[\pw
blq-Z-aX ]fin-X\pw blq-Z-\p-
amb knKva≠v t^mbnUv Cu
ho£-W-K-Xn-bn¬ Fgp-Xnb ]i-
kvX-amb KŸ-am-Wv 'Moses andMonotheism'. Cu hmZw ÿm]n-
°m≥ At±lw ]e sXfn-hp-Ifpw
D∂-bn-°p-∂p-≠v.
tamsi-°pw \q‰m-≠p-Iƒ°v
aptº blq-Z -a -Xm-Nm-c -]-Imcw
A_-lm-an¬ \n∂pw ssZhw
hmßnb DS-º-Sn-bn¬ ]d™ A\p-
jvTm-\-amWv ]cn-tO-Z-\-tb¬°¬
(tN-em-I¿Ωw) Dev]Øn : 17¬ AXv
hnh-cn-°p-∂p-≠v. \nb-a-Zm-Xm-hmbn
blq-Zn-Iƒ Icp-Xp∂ tamsi°pw
FXtbm aptº blq-Zn-Iƒ°n-S-bn-
ep≈ AXn-]p-cm-X-\-amb Hcp aXm-
Nm-c-amWv ]cn-tO-Z-\-tb¬°¬.
B¨ Ip´n P\n-®m¬ 8˛mw \mfn¬
blp-Zn-Iƒ B I¿aw \n¿∆-ln-°p-
∂p. tamsi blq-Z-\√ F∂v ÿm
]n-°m≥, CuPn-]vjy≥ sIm´m-c-
Øn¬ ]m¿Ø At±lw ]cn-tO-Z-
\-tb-‰n- n√ F∂v hmZn-°p-∂-h-cp-≠v.
kz¥w ]pX\v ]cn-tO-Z\ I¿Ωw
\n¿∆-ln -°m-Ø-Xns‚ t]cn¬
ssZhw tamsisb h[n-°m≥ ian®
Hcp kw`hw ss__n-fn¬ hnh-cn-
®Xv Nne ]fin-X-∑m¿ D≤-cn-°m-
dp-≠v. ss__nƒ hnh-cWw C]-Im-
c-am-Wv. "CuPn-]vXn-te-°p≈ bmXm-
at≤y Hcp hgn-Øm-h-f-Øn¬ h®p
I¿Ømhp tamsisb h[n-°m≥
`mhn-®p. At∏mƒ knt∏mdm (tam-
si-bpsS `mcy) Hcp I¬Noƒ FSp
Øp Xs‚ ]pXs‚ AK-N¿Ωw
apdn®v AXv tamsi-bpsS ]mZ-Øn¬
sXmSp-hn-®p-sIm-≠p-]-d™p: \o
F\n°pw c‡ aW-hm-f≥ BIp
∂p! At∏mƒ Ah≥ tamsisb
hns´m-gn-™p. ]cn-tO-Z\w \nanØw
"\o Hcp c‡-aWhm-f≥ BWv'
F∂v Ahƒ ]d-™Xv At∏mƒ
Bbn-cp∂p (]p-d-∏mSv : 4:24-˛26)
G‰hpw ][m-\-s∏´ Hcp blp-
Zm-Nmcw ad-∂p-t]mb tamsi blq-
Z-hw-i-P-\m-bn-cp -∂n√ F∂mWv
t^mbn-Un t\-t∏m-se-bp≈ ]fin-
X∑m-cpsS \nK-a-\w. hmkvX-h-Øn¬
kw`-h-_-lp-e-ambncp∂p tamsi-
bpsS Pohn-Xw. CuPn-]vXn¬ sh®v
A_-≤-him¬ Hcp sIme-]m-XIw
\S-Øn. anZn-b-\n-te°v HmSnt∏mhp-
Ibpw AhnsS ]hm-k-Po-hn-X-Øn-
\n-S-bn¬ hnhmlw Ign-°p-Ibpw
]pX-\p-≠m-Ip-Ibpw ho≠pw CuPn-
]vXn-te°v aStß≠n hcn-Ibpw sN-
øp-tºm-gmWv ]kvXpX kw`-hw.
CXn-\n-S°v ]pX\v ]cn-tO-Z-\-
tb¬°m≥ ad-∂p-t]m-Ip-Itbm
Ah-kcw HØp-tN-cm-Ø-Xn-\m¬
\n¿∆-ln-°m≥ Ign-bp-Itbm D≠m-
bn√ F∂p thWw Icp -Xm≥.
C°mcyw Z¿i-\-cq-]-Øntem at‰m
ssZhw tamsisb Hm¿Ωs∏-Sp-Øn
bXmbn-cn-°mw ]kvXpX kw`hw˛
A√msX ]cn-tO-Z\ I¿Ω-sØ∏‰n
tamsi Adn-bm-ØXv sImt≠m,
At±lw blqZn A√m -Ø-Xp -
sImt≠m Bbn-cn-°m≥ km[y-X-bn-
√. amX-a√ bh\ kzm[o-\-Øns‚
\mfp-I-fn¬ blq-Zn-Iƒ Xs∂ ]cn-
tO-Z\ Dt]-£n-®-Xmbn ImWmw.
a¿±-I-\mb kndn-b≥ skep-knkv
cmPmhv A¥n-bm-°kv F∏n-^-\m-
kns‚ ImeØv (In.-ap. 174-˛164)
blq-Zn-Iƒ°v ]cn-tO-Z\w \ntj-[n-
®n-cp-∂Xmbpw \ap°v ImWmw. ASn-
a-Po-hnXw \bn-®n-cp∂ ]cn-an-X-amb
kml-N-cy-ß-fn¬ blq-Zn-Iƒ ]cn-
tO-Z-\-tb¬°m-ØXv Ckm-tb-en-
b-√m-Ø-Xp-sIm-≠m-sW∂ hmZ-
tØmSv tbmPn-°m-\m-hn-√.
tamsi°v Hcp \q‰m≠v aptº
CuPn]vXv `cn-®n-cp∂ AJn-t\-X≥
^tdm-h-bpsS GI-ssZ-h-hn-izmkw
AJn-t\-Xs‚ ]n≥Km-anbmb CuPn-
]vjy≥ c-Wm-[n-Imcn F∂ \ne°v
]p\-cp-÷o-hn-∏n-°p-I-bmWv tamsi
sNbvX-sX∂v tamsi blq-Z-\√
F∂v hmZn-°p-∂-h¿ D∂-bn-°p-∂p.
17 h¿jw CuPn]vXv cn-®n´pw AJn-
t\-Xs‚ GI-ssZ-h-kn-≤m¥w Cu-
Pn-]vXn¬ ]cm-P-b-am-bn-cp-∂p. AJn-
t\-Xs\ sIm´m-c-hn-π-h-Øn-eqsS
h[n-°p-Ibpw AXn-\p-tijw Cu
Pn-]vXp-Im¿ ho≠pw ]mIr-X-a-X-Øn-
te°v Xncn-®p-t]m-hp-Ibpw sNbvXp.
CuPn-]vXp-Im¿ \ncm-I-cn® B
GI-ssZ-h-Øn-ep≈ hnizm-kw
]n¬°me CuPn-]vjy≥ cmP-Ip-am-
456
252006 \hw-_¿
c-\mb tamkkv ]p\-cp-÷o-hn-∏n-°p-
I-bm-bn-cp-∂p-sh-∂mWv C°q-´¿
hmZn-°p-∂-Xv. CuPn-]vXpIm¿ Xs‚
ZuXyw \ncm-I-cn-®-t∏mƒ A∂v
CuPn-]vXn¬ ASn-a-I-fm-bn-cp∂
Ckm-tb-en-I-fn¬ tamsi Cu
hnizmkw ]N-cn-∏n-°p-Ibpw ]Icw
A-h¿°v tamN\w hmKvZm\w sNøp-
Ibpw sNbvXp-, Aßs\ tamsi
kzbw Ckm-tb-en-b-\mbn amdp-I-
bm-bn-cp-∂p-sh-∂mWv t^mbn-Un-
t‚bpw Iq -cp-tSbpw hmZw. amX-a√
tamsi-°p-≠m-bn-cp∂ kwkm-c-ssh-
Ieyw (Speech defect) At±lw
Ckm-tb-ep-Im-c-\-√mØXn\m-ep≈
lo_p-`m-jm-]-cn-⁄m-\-Øns‚
Ipd-hmWv kqNn-∏n-°p-∂-sX∂pw
blq-Zn -I-fp -ambn kwh-Zn -°m≥
th≠n lo_p-`mj ]cn-⁄m-\-ap-
≈, lmdqs\ klm-bn-bm-°n-bXv
Cu sk-an-‰n -t°Xc ]mc-ºcyw
sIm≠m-sW∂pw t^mbnUv hmZn-
°p-∂p.
CXv hkvXp-Xm-]-c-ambn sX‰m-
sW∂v ImWmw. ImcWw tamsi
^tdm-h-tbmSp kwkm-cn-°m≥ t]m-
hm≥ ssZh-I-ev]-\-bp-≠m-b-t∏m-
gmWv kwkm-c-ssh-I-ey-Øns‚
]iv\w D∂-bn-°p-∂Xv C--°mcyw
Jp¿ -B≥ 20:28epw 26:14 -epw,
ss__nƒ ]p-d∏mSv 4:10epw hnh-cn-
°p-∂p-≠v. At∏mƒ lo_ph√
Cu Pn-]vjy≥ `mj kwkm-cn-°m-
\mWv tamsi°v ]bm-kIcsa∂pw
hmZn-°m-at√m. hmkvX-h-Øn¬
At±-l-Øn\v Hgp-t°msS kwkm-cn-
°m-\p≈ kwkm-c-]-I-S\ sshI-
ey-am-bn-cn°mw D≠m-bn-cp -∂-Xv
A√msX ln_p-`mjm sshIey-
a√.
tamsi blq-Z-\√ F∂v ÿm]n-
°m≥ t^mbnUpw Iq´cpw ss_
_nƒ Xs∂ ASn-ÿm-\-am°n D∂-
bn-°p∂ as‰mcp sXfnhv tamsi-bp
sS\maw kw_-‘n-®p-≈Xm-Wv. "tam
si' F∂ t]cv Hcp CuPn-]v jy≥
\ma-am-sW-∂mWv Ah-cpsS hmZw.
CuPn-]vjy≥ \ma-ß-fmb dw
kokv (Ra-mose) XpXvtamkv (Thot-mose) F∂n-h-bnse tamkv (Mose)\v
CuPn-]vjy≥ `mj-bn¬ "Ip´n'
F∂mWv A¿∞w. Cw•o-jp-Im¿
tPm¨k¨ (Johnson) F∂v Fgp-
Xp∂Xv t]mse dwko-kn\v dma-
bpsS aI≥ F∂m-W¿∞w. AXp
t]mse-bp≈ CuPn-]vjy≥ \ma-am-
bn-cn°pw tamk-kn-t‚-sX-∂m-Wv
Ah-cpsS hmZw. tamsi-bpsS P\-
\m-\-¥c kw`-h-sØ-∏-‰nbpw \ma-
I-c-W-sØ∏‰nbpap≈ ss__nƒ
hnh-cWw F¥m-sW∂v t\m°mw.
"C°m-eØv tehn hwi-Ønse
Hcmƒ AtX-hw -i -Ønse Hcp
kvXosb `mcy-bmbn kzoI-cn-®p.
Ah¿ K¿`w [cn®p Hcp ]pXs\
]k-hn-®p. B inip Hma-\Øw
D≈-h≥ F∂p I≠-t∏mƒ Ahƒ
Ahs\ aq∂p-amkw Hfn-®p-h®p
C\nbpw Hfn-∏n-°pI Akm[yw
F∂p I≠p. Ahƒ Rmß-W-sIm-
≠p≈ Hcp s]´n-sbSpØv AXn¬
]ibpw Ioepw tX®p. Ahƒ Ah
s\ AXn¬ InSØn \Zo-Xn-cØp
Rmß-W-Iƒ°n-S-bn¬ h®p. A\-
¥cw Ahs‚ ktlm-Zcn Ah\v
F¥p kw`-hn°mw F∂-dn-bm≥
Zqsc t\m °n \n∂p. At∏mƒ d-
thms‚ ]pXn \Zn-bn¬ Ipfn-°m≥
FØn. Ah-fpsS tXmgn-am¿ \Zo-Xo-
cØp IqSn \S-∂p. Rmß-W-Iƒ°n-
S-bn¬ Hcp s]´n I≠ cmP-Ip-amcn
AXv FSp-Øp-sIm≠v hcm≥ tXm
gnsb Ab®p. s]´n Xpd∂-t∏mƒ
Ahƒ B iniphns\ I≠p. AXm
B inip Ic-bp-∂p. Ahƒ a\- -
en™p ]d™p: "CXv Hcp F_m-
b-°p´n-bm-Wv. At∏mƒ B Ip´n-
bpsS ktlm-Zcn h∂p cmP-Ip-am-cn-
tbmSp tNmZn®p: "Cu Ip´nsb \n\-
°mbn ape sImSpØp hf¿Øm≥
Hcp F_mb kvXosb Iq´n-s°m
≠p hct´? At∏mƒ cmP-Ip-amcn
]d™p: ""t]mbn sIm≠p-hcq''
Ah¿ t]mbn Ip´n-bpsS AΩsb
Xs∂ Iq´n-s°m-≠p-h-∂p. cmP-Ip-
amcn B kvXotbmSp ]d-™p.
"Cu Ip´nsb sIm≠p-t]mbn
F\n°v th≠n ape sImSpØp hf
¿ØpI Rm≥ \n\°v Iqen Xcpw.'
Ahƒ Ip´nsb Iq´n -s°m-≠p-
t]mbn ape-sIm-SpØp hf¿Øn. Ip
´n hf¿∂p. AΩ Ahs\ cmP-Ip-
am-cn-bpsS ASp-Øp-sIm≠p sN∂p.
Ahƒ°v Ah≥ ]pX≥ Bbn.
Ahƒ Ah\p tamsi F∂v t]cn-
´p. ImcWw Ahƒ ]-d™p: "Rm≥
Ahs\ sh≈-Øn¬ \n∂pw s]m
°n FSp-Ø-XmW-t√m. (]pd: 2:1 10)
"tamsi' F∂Xv bYm¿∞-
Øn¬ Hcp lo_p-\maw Xs∂-bm-
sW∂v `mjm-]-fin-X-∑m¿ ]d-bp-
∂p. "samsi-bpsS' Ko°v cq-]-amWv
tamk-kv'. ss__nƒ hnh-c-W-
Øn¬ \maI-c -W-tØm-sSm∏w
Xs∂ B ]Z-Øns‚ \ncp-‡hpw
]d-™n-´p-≠v. "sh≈-Øn¬ \n∂pw
s]m°n-sb-Sp-Ø-h≥' F∂ \ncp-‡-
]-c-amb, \njv]Øn. t^mbnUv ]d-
bp-∂Xpt]m-se-b-√, F_mb Ip´n-
bmsW∂ ]q¿Æ t_m≤y-tØm-sS-
bmWv cmP-Ip-amcn Ip™n \v t]cn-
Sp-∂Xv F∂v ss__nƒ hnh-c-W-
Øn¬ \n∂v hy‡-am-Wv. tamsi-
bpsS bYm¿∞ AΩsbØs∂
cmP-Ip-amcn Xncn-®-dn-bp∂Xmbn
ss__nƒ kqN\ \¬Ip∂p.
lo_p mj-bp-tSbpw amXmhpw,
aqe- m-j-bp-amb Ad-_n- m-j-bnepw
"aqk' F∂ ]Z-Øns‚ sh≈-
Øn¬ \n∂pw FSp -°-s∏-´Xv
BsW-∂mWv CXv kw_-‘n®v
Jeo-^-Øp¬ akolv c≠m-as‚
The Holy Quran with EnglishTranslation and Commentry bn¬
]d-bp∂-Xv:
"tamkkv' F∂Xv bYm¿∞-
Øn¬ Hcp lo_p-\m-a-am-Wv. lo
_p-hn¬ "tamsi' F∂mWv Fgp-Xp-
Ibpw D-®-cn -°p-Ibpw sNøpI.
A¿∞w "sh≈-Øn¬ \n∂pw hen-
s®-Sp-°-s∏-´-Xv.' efn-X-ambn ]d-
™m¬ "hen-s®-Sp-°-s∏-´Xv' (A
457
26 kXyZqX≥
thing drawn out) (Ency Bible). "Rm≥
Ahs\ sh≈-Øn¬ \n∂pw
s]m°n FSp-Ø-Xm-Wt√m' (]pd:
2:10) F∂v tamk-kns‚ \ma-sØ-
°p-dn®v tdm-h-bpsS ]pXn ]d-bp-
∂-Xn-\m¬ ss__n-ƒ Xs∂ B
\maØns‚ A¿∞-Øns‚ ]tXy-
I-Xsb ]n¥p-W-°p-∂p. Cu sbmcp
]Z-\n-jv]-Øn-bpsS ]n¥pW Ad-
_n-`mjbnepw ImWmw. lo_p-`m-
jbpw cq]w sIm≠Xv Ad-_n-bn¬
\n∂m-W-t√m. Ad-_n-Iƒ "Auio
ssiA≥' Ah≥ H∂ns\ hen-s®-
SpØp As√-¶n¬ "_m°n-sb-SpØp'
(A-Jvd-_v) F∂v ]d-bm-dp -≠v.
(P.114)
ss__nƒ ]fin-X-∑m-cpsS
as‰mcp ]T-\-coXn ]sØm-ºXmw
\q‰m-≠n¬ \ne-hn¬ h∂ tUmIyp-
sa‚dn kn≤m-¥sØ ASn-ÿm-\-am-
°n-bp≈ ]T-\-co-Xn-bm-Wv. (Documentary theory) sh¬tlm-k¨
F∂ ]fin-X-\mWv Cu coXn-bpsS
D]-PvRm-Xm-hv. ss__n-fnse ssi
enbpw `mjm-t`-Z-ßfpw D]-tbm-Kn-
®p≈ Ncn-X-]-T\ coXn-bm-Wn-Xv.
ssZhsØ "btlmh' sb∂pw
"Ftemlnw' F∂pw hnfn-°p∂
c≠v kc-Wn-Iƒ ss__n-fn-ep-s≠-
∂pw, CXv blq-Z¿°n-S-bnse hwi-
t`-Z-ß-tfbpw tZiob -]-tXy-I-X-I-
tfbpw Ime-L-´-tØbpw hyRvPn-
∏n-°p-∂-Xm-sW∂pw CXns‚ ASn-
ÿm-\-Øn¬ b-lq-ZN-cnXw ]p\-∏-
cn-tim-[n-t°-≠-Xp-s≠∂pw Cu
kn≤m¥w ]d-bp -∂p. In. ap.
HºXmw \q‰m-≠nse "bmlvhnÃv'
AYhm "btlmh' (Jehova) F∂v
ssZhsØ hnfn-°p-∂-h-cpsS ss_
_nƒ tcJ-Isf 'J' tUmIyp-sa≥dv
F∂pw In.-ap. F-´mw-\q-‰m-≠nse
ssZhsØ "Ftemlnw' 'Elohim'F∂v hnfn-°p-∂-h-cpsS ss__nƒ
tcJ-Isf 'E' tUmIyp-sa‚p F∂p
amWv ]d-bp-∂-Xv. -CuPn]vXn¬
tamsi-bpsS IqsS amXam-bn-cp-
∂n√ blq-Zn-Iƒ ]m¿Øn-cp-∂Xv.
"Hcp hn`mKw blq-Zn-Iƒ A°m-
eØv I\m≥tZ-iØp D≠m-bn-cp-∂p-
sh∂pw tUmIyp-sa‚dn kn≤m¥
Ncn-X-Im-c-∑m¿ ]d-bp-∂p. tamsi-
bpsS ]mc-ºcyw ssZhsØ "btlm
h! F∂v hnfn -°p-∂-h-cpsS 'J'tUmIyp -sa‚ v ]mc-º-cy -am -Wv.
CuPn-]vXn¬ \n∂pw I\m-\n-te°v
h∂Xn-\p-tijw 'J' tUmIyp-sa≥dv
I\m-\n-ep≈ 'E' tUmIyp-sa≥dv
IqSn-°-e¿∂mWv ss__nƒ \n¿
Ωm-W-ap-≠m-b-Xv. Cu IqSn-t®-c-
ens\ kqNn-∏n-°p-∂Xv R tUmIyp-
sa‚p-I-fm-Wv (Redactor = kam-
l¿Øm-hv, kwtim-[-I≥) ]n∂oSv
Cu k¶-e\w IqSp-X¬ CuSp-‰-
Xm°nb-Xv. Bh¿Ø\ ]pkvX-I -
Im-e-L- -Ønse 'D' tUm Iyp-sa‚p
(Deuteronomy -In.-ap. 61), ]utcm-
lnXy kvtXmX-Ønse 'P' tUmIyp-
sa‚ v (priestly) tN¿°-s∏-Sp-I-bm-Wp-
≠m-b-sX∂v Cu kn≤m¥w ]d-
bp∂p.
(Xp-S-cpw)
458
272006 \hw-_¿
""P\-ß-sf-∏‰n Atlm
IjvSw! Ah-cpsS ASp-°¬ Hcp
dkqepw hcp-∂n-√, Ah¿ At±-
lsØ \ntj-[n-°p-Ibpw ]cn-l-kn-
°p -Ibpw sNømØ Ah-ÿ-
bn¬.''79
""(A√tbm P\-ßtf) \nß-
fpsS Bflm-°ƒ CjvS-s∏-SmØ
Imcy-hpw-sIm≠v \nß-fpsS ASp-
°¬ \ΩpsS dkq¬ h∂-t∏m-
sg√mw \n߃ Al-¶m-cn-I-fm-hp-
Ibpw Ah-cn¬ Nnesc \n߃ hym
P-s∏-Sp-Øp-Ibpw Nnesc sIm√m≥
ian-°p-I-bp-at√ sNbvXn-´p-≈Xv?''
F√m ssZh-\n-bp-‡cpw P\-ß-
fpsS \ntj-[-Øn∂pw ]cn-lm-k-
Øn∂pw Bt£-]-Øn\pw shdp-
∏n\pw e£y-am-hp-I-sb-∂Xv hnip
≤ Jp¿-B≥ hnfn-t®m-Xp-Ibpw
NcnXw km£yw hln-°p-Ibpw
sNbvXn-´p≈ Hcp ]c-am¿∞-am-Wv.
Fs¥-∂m¬, P\-߃ Ah-cpsS
A`o-jvS-Øn∂pw BK-l-Øn∂pw
tbmPn® \ne-bn-e√ B ssZh-\n-
bp-‡sc Is≠-Øp-∂-Xv. P\-߃
Ahsc kw_-‘n®v as‰mcp cq]-
amWv Xß-fpsS Xe-bn¬ hc®p-sh-
®n-´p-≈-Xv. B ssZh-\n-bp-‡-cm-
Is´, as‰mcp cq]-Øn¬ ]Xy-£-
s∏-Sp-Ibpw sNøp-∂p. CXn-∂p≈
DZm-l-c-W-߃ sIm≠v hnip≤
Jp¿-B\pw a‰p aX-K-Ÿ-ßfpw
\nd™p InS-°p-I-bm-Wv. ChnsS
c≠p-Zm-l-c-W-߃ amXw FSpØp
ImWn-°mw.
Cukm\-_n, ako-lm-sW∂
hmZw ]pd-s∏-Sp-hn-®t∏mƒ b-lq-Z¿
At±-lsØ \ntj-[n-°p-Ibpw
A]-l-kn-°p-Ibpw At±-l-Øns‚
hmZsØ ITn-\-ambn FXn¿°p-
Ibpw sNbvXp. Xß-fpsS KŸ-ß-
fn¬ hcm-\n-cn-°p∂ ako-ln-s\-∏‰n
Nne AS-bm-f-߃ Fgp-X-s∏-´n-´p-
s≠∂pw B AS-bm-f-ß-f-\p-k-cn-
®√ At±lw h∂n´p≈sX∂pw
Ah¿ hmZn-®p. DZm-l-c-W-am-bn,
ako-lns‚ BK-a-\-Øn\v apºmbn
C¬bmkv\_n BIm-i -Øn¬
\n∂v Cdßnh-cp-sa∂pw AXn-\p-
tij-ta akolv hcnIbp≈p-sh
∂pw ]-g-b-\n-b-a-Ønse aem-Jn-bn¬
]d-™n- p-≈-Xns\ (a-emJn \memw
A≤ymbw 5˛mw hN-\w) Ah¿
Nq≠n-°m-´n. F∂m¬ C¬bmkv
\_n BIm-i-Øp-\n∂v h∂n- p-≠m-
bn-cp-∂n-√. (a-Ømbn 17, 10). AXp-
t]m-seØs∂ akolv Hcp cmPm-
hm-bn-cn-°p-sa∂pw At±lw aptJ\
X߃°v hºn® km-amPyw ssIh-
cp-Ibpw \jvS-s∏- p-t]mb Xß-fpsS
]Xm]w ]p\xÿm-]n-°-s∏-Sp-Ibpw
sNøp-sa∂pw At±lw iXp-°-fp-
ambn bp≤w-sNbvXp Ah sc D∑q-
e\w sNøp-sa-∂p-ap≈ hm KvZm-\-
ßsf Ah¿ FSpØp ImWn-°p-
Ibpw B Imcy-߃ \nd-th-dn-bn-´n-
söp ]d-bp-Ibpw sNbvXp. kphn-
ti-j-߃ t\m°p-I.)
CXn\v Cukm-\_n F¥p adp-
]-Sn-bmWv \¬In-bXv? C¬bmkv
\_n BIm-iØp \n∂v Cd-ßn-h-
cp-sa∂v ]d-™-Xns‚ Dt±iyw At±-
l-Øns‚ Hcp kZr-i≥ hcp-sa-∂m-
sW∂pw AXp h∂p-I-gn™ blv-
bm-\-_n-bm-sW-∂p-am-bn-cp∂p At±
lw ]d-™-Xv. (a-Ømbn 11-˛14).
`cWm-[n-Im-csØ kw_-‘n®p
AXp euIn-I- -c-W-a-söpw t\sc-
a-dn®v B≤ym-flnI `c-W-am-sW
∂pw At±lw hymJym-\n-®p. ]t£,
blq-Z¿ B hymJym-\-߃ kΩ-
Xn-®n-√. Ah¿ _mlym¿∞-Øn¬
Øs∂ iTn-®p-\n-∂p. AXp-t]m-se,
Xm≥ aqkm-\-_n-bm¬ hmKvZm\w
ssZh-\n-bp-‡¿ ITn-\-ambnFXn¿°-s∏-Sp-∂-sX-¥vsIm≠v?
lZvdØv an¿km _io¿ AlvaZv
BK-X-cm-Ip∂ ]hm-N-I-∑m-sc-]‰n Be-¶m-cn-Im¿∞-Øn-ep≈ ]h-N-\-߃
A£-cm¿∞-Øn¬ ]pe-c-W-sa∂v iTn-®p-sIm-≠mWv P\-߃
]hm-N-I-∑msc ]q¿∆-Im-e-ß-fn¬ \ntj-[n-®-Xv.
459
28 kXyZqX≥
sNø-s∏- n- p≈ AtX ]hm-N-I-\m-
sW∂v \_n-Xn-cp-ta-\n(-k.A) hmZn-
®-t∏m-gpw, B ]hm-N-Is‚ AS-bm-
f-߃ C∂n∂Xm-sW∂pw Ah
\_n-Xn-cp-ta-\n-bn¬ ImWp∂ns√
∂pamWv Alvep¬ InØm_v ]d-
™-Xv. DZm-l-c-W-ambn, B ]hm-
N-I≥ _\p Ckm-bo-en¬ \n∂p≈
B-fm-bn-cn-°p-sa∂pw F∂m¬ \_n-
Xn-cp-ta\n _\qC-kvam-bo-en¬ \n
∂p≈ Bfm-sW∂pw a‰pw Ah¿
]d-™p. ta¬]-d™ kwK-Xn-I-
fn¬ \n∂v, AS-bm-f-ßsf kw_-
‘n® X¿°w ]pXn-b-X-s√∂pw
AXv ]g-bXpw Npcp-ßn-b-]£w
c≠m-bncw sIm√w apºp-ap-X¬t°
\S-∂p-h-cp-∂-Xp-am-sW∂pw a\- n-
em-°m≥ Ign-bpw. AXn-\m¬, Cu
ImcyØn¬ \mw Icp-X-tem-Sp-Iq-Sn-
bn-cn-t°-≠Xv AXym-h-iy-am-Wv.
_≤-s∏´v \ntj-[-Øn-te°v IpXn-
°p-∂Xv icn-b-√. A√m-lp-hns‚
]°¬ \n∂p≈ GsX-¶nepw AS-
bm-f-߃ \nßsf ]co£--n-°m≥
th≠n-bp-≈-X-s√∂v \n߃°v
Fßs\ Adn-bm≥ km[n°pw?
AXp-sIm≠v kq£n-®p-sIm-≈p-I,
PmK-cq-I-cm-bn-cn-°pI. aXn-a-d∂
Ah-ÿ-bn¬ \n߃ ]co-£-bn¬
AIs∏SpIbpw ]cm-P-b-s∏-Sp-Ibpw
sNøm-Xn-cn-°-s´. blq-Z¿°v Cu
Imcy-Øn¬ CS¿® ]‰p-Ibpw Ah¿
\ntj-[n-®p-sIm≠v ssZh-tIm-]-
Øn\v ]mX-am-hp-Ibpw sNbvXn-cn-
°p-∂p. AXp-t]mse \n߃ \ntj-
[n-°p-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ \n߃ blq-
Z-tc-°mƒ IqSp-X-embn in£bv°v
A¿l-cm-bn-Øo-cp-∂-Xm-Wv. Imc
Ww Ahc-psS apºn¬ Ah¿s°m
cp A\p- -h-km-£y-ap-≠m-bn-cp-∂n-√.
\n߃°m-sW-¶n¬ blq-Z-∑m-cpsS
hy‡-amb A\p- -h-km £yw apºn-
ep-≠v. GsXm-cp-h≥ A\p-`-h-km-
£y-Øns‚ shfn-®-ap-≠m-bn´pw
CS¿®bv°v hiw-h-Z-\m-hp-∂pthm
Ah≥ \n›-b-ambpw IqSp-X¬
in£m¿l-\m-bn-Øo-cp-∂-Xm-Wv.
hmb-\-°m¿ Hcp Imcyw IqSn
\√-Xp-t]mse Btem-Nn-t°-≠-Xp-
≠v. AXm-bXv hmKvZm\w sNø-s∏´
GsX-¶nepw Hcm-sf-∏‰n P\-߃
[cn-®n-cn-°p∂ F√m AS-b-f-߃
°pw tbmPn-®-\n-e-bn¬ ISp-I-fhv
hyXym-k-an-√msX At±lw hcp-I-
bm-sW-¶n¬, At±-lsØ \ntj-[n-
°m≥ B¿s°-¶nepw Ign-bp-sa∂v
_p≤n kΩ-Xn-°p-I-bn-√. t\sc adn-
®v, At±-lsØ I≠ DS≥Xs∂
AXmWv hmKvZm-\w- sN-ø-s∏´ B
sf∂v P\-߃ Xncn-®-d-bp-∂-Xm-Wv.
Hcmƒ°pw \ntj-[n-°m≥ ]gp-Xp-
≠m-hpIbn√. F∂m¬ \mw ImWp-
∂Xpw hnip≤ Jp¿-B≥ ]d-bp-
∂Xpw A√m-lp-hn-\m¬ \ntbm-Kn-
°-s∏´ F√m-hcpw P\-ß-fpsS
\ntj-[-Øn\v ]mX-am-hp-sa-∂m-Wv.
Ncn-Xhpw C-Xn∂v km£yw hln-
°p-∂p. ]tXy-In®v akolv auDu-
Zns\ kw_-‘n®v Nne cnhm-b-Øp-
I-fn¬ At±lw AXn-I-Tn-\-ambn
\ntj-[n-°-s∏-Sp-∂-Xm-sW∂pw A
t±lw Im^ndpw ap¿Ø-±p-ambn Icp-
X-s∏-Sp-∂-Xm-sW∂pw ]kvXm-hn-°-
s∏- n- p-≠v. (lpP-Pp¬ Indm-ax) Cu
ÿnXn-bn¬, akolv auDuZpw
]gb ]Xn-h-\p-k-cn®v P\-߃ Ah-
cpsS lrZ-b-Øn¬ hn`m-h\ sNbv
Xn-cn-°p∂ cq]-Øn\v ]q¿Æ-ambpw
tbmPn® \ne-bn-e-√m-sXbpw C∂n
∂ AS-bm-f-߃ At±-l-Øn¬ \nd-
th-dn-bn-´n-s√∂v tXm∂-Ø° hn[-
Øn-ep-am-bn-cn-°Ww ]Xy-£-s∏-tS-
≠-sX∂v kΩ-Xn-t°-≠n-bn-cn-°p-
∂p. Fs¥-∂m¬ hcm-\n-cn-°p∂
Bƒ P-\-߃ [cn-®p-sh-®n-´p-ff
F√m AS-bm-f-ß-tfm-Sp-wIqSn hcp-
I--bm-sW-¶nepw At±-l-Øn¬ Im
W-s∏-SmØ Hcp AS-bm-fhpw _m
°n-bn-√m-Xn-cn-°p-I-bm-sW-¶nepw
P\-߃ At±-lsØ \ntj-[n-°p-
Ibpw ]cn-l-kn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-I-
sb-∂Xv Fßs\ kw`-hy-am-Ipw?
F¥v, X߃ [cn-®p-sh-®n-´p≈
F√m AS-bm-f-ßfpw Hs∂m-gn -
bmsX hy-‡-ambn I≠-Xn-\p-ti-
jhpw Hcp hmZnsb \ntj-[n-°p-
hm≥ P\-ß-fpsS Xe-bn¬ shfn-®-
an-√m-Xm-bn-t∏m-Ip-sat∂m?
Npcp -°-Øn¬, Hcp -`m -K -Øv,
F√m ssZh-\n-bp-‡cpw \ntj-[n-°-
s∏-Sp-∂-Xm-sW∂ XØzw hnip≤
Jp¿-B≥ aptJ\ Jfin-X-ambn a\-
n-em-Ip-∂p. akolv auDuZv \ntj-
[n-°-s∏-Sp-sa∂v ]tXy-I-ambn Nne
cnhm-b-Øp-I-fn¬ ]kvXm-hn-°-s∏-
Sp-Ibpw sNbvXn-cn-°p-∂p. adp-`m-K-
Øv, Hc-phmZn P\-ß-fpsS k¶-ev]-
Øn\pw ]Xo-£-bv°p-sa-Xn-cmb \n
e-bnepw At±-l-Øn¬ C∂n∂ e
£-W-߃ ImWp-∂n-s√∂pw C∂n
∂ AS-bm-f-߃ \ndthdn-bn-´n-s√
∂pw P\-߃°v ]d-bm≥ ]gp-Xp-
≠m-hp∂ hn[-Ønepw hcp-I-bm-sW-
¶n¬ amXta At±lw \ntj-[n-°-
s∏-Sm-\n-S-bp-≈p-sh∂v _p≤n \ap°v
a\- n-em-°n-Ø-cp-Ibpw sNøp-∂p.
AXn-\m¬, P\-ß-fpsS Nne ]Xo-
£-Iƒs°-Xn-cmb \ne-bn¬ ako
lv auDuZv ]Xy-£-s∏-tS-≠Xv
AXym-h-iy-am-sW∂v sXfn-™p.
as‰mcp hn[-Øn¬ ]d-bp-I-bm-sW-
¶n¬, akolv auDu-Zns\ kw_-
‘n®v a‰p Nne AS-bm-f-ß-tfm-Sp-
Iq-Sn-Øs∂ ]d-b-s∏- n- p≈ Hc-S-bm-
f-am-Wv, At±-lsØ kw_-‘n®v
P\-߃ [cn-®p-sh®n-´p≈ Nne
AS-bm-f-߃ Ah-cpsS [mc-Wbv
°pw A`o-jvS-Øn-\p-a-\p-kcn® \ne-
bn¬ ]q¿Øn-bm-hp-I-bn-s√-∂p-≈-Xv.
CXn-\pw-]p-d-sa, as‰mcp Imcyw-
IqSn i≤n-t°-≠-Xp-≠v. AXm-b-Xv,
klo-lmb lZo-kp-I-fn¬ akolv
auDu-Zn∂p l°w F∂pw AZv¬
F∂pw t]¿ \¬I-s∏-´n-´p-≈-Xmbn
ImWp-∂p. l°-ans‚ A¿∞w A`n-
]m-b- n-∂-X-Isf kw_-‘n®p hn[n-
I-ev]n-°p∂ Bƒ F∂pw AZv
ens‚ A¿∞w \o-Xn-]q¿∆w hn[n-
I-ev]n-°p∂ Bƒ F∂p-am-Wv.
AXn-\m¬, apI-fn¬ ]d-™-Xp-
t]mse akolv auDu-Zns‚ ][m\
]hr-Øn-I-fn-sem-∂p l°-am-hp-I,
(-tijw 37˛mw t]Pn¬)
460
292006 \hw-_¿
47
aX-]-cn-XymKn h[m¿l-\mtWm?
aX-tem-IØv Cu hnjbw
]nt∂bpw Hcp N¿®m-hn-j-b-am-bn-cn-
°-bm-Wv. GXm≠v ]¥≠v sIm√-
߃°v apºp A^vKm-\n-ÿm-\n¬
\n∂pw A_vZp-d-lvam≥ F∂ Hcmƒ
InkvXp aXw Ah-ew-_n®p \mSp-
hn´p. ]n∂oSv At±-lhpw IpSpw-
_hpw A vKm-\n-ÿm-\n¬ Xncn-s®-
Øn. AhnsS \n∂pw At±-lsØ
ico-AØv tImSXn ]nSn-Iq-Sp-Ibpw
h[n-°m≥ hn[n-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp.
bmYm-ÿn-XnI ]utcm-ln-Xz-Øn
s‚ A`n-]m-bamWv Ckvemw aXw
amdn-b-hs\ h[n-°-Wsa∂-Xv. Ckv
emw aXw Dt]-£n-®p InkvXp-aXw
kzoI-cn -®-Xn -\p≈ in£-bmWv
A^vKm-\n-ÿm-\n¬ CXv \S-∏m-
°m≥ t\m°n -b-Xv . ]m›mXy
InkvXy≥ \mSp-Ifn¬ CXp hfsc
H®-∏m-Sp-≠m-°n. ]e cmjvS-Ø-e-h-
∑mcpw Cu Imcy-Øn¬ CS-s]´v
A^vKm-≥ `c-W-I¿Øm°tfmSv
At±-lsØ shdp-sX -hn-Sm≥ Bh-
iy-s∏-´p. HSp-hn¬ Ata-cn-°-bn¬
\n∂p _pjv Xs∂ A^vKm≥
]kn-U≠v I¿km-bnsb t\cn¬
hnfn®psh-∂mWv Adn-hv. At±-l-
Øn\v am\-knI-tcm-K-ap-≈-Xp-sIm
≠v shdp-sX-hn-Sp-Ibm-sW∂v ]-d
™v At±-lØns‚ h[-in£ d±m-
°p-I-bm-Wp-≠m-b-Xv. Cu kw`-h-
Øn-\p-tijw a≤y-Im-e-L-´-Øn¬
apkvenwI-tfmSp bp≤w sNbvX Hcp
cmPm-hns‚ Nne D≤-c-Wn-Iƒ tN¿
Øp sIm≠p Ckvemw hmfm≥ ]
Ncn-∏n® aX-am-sW∂v t]m∏v s_\-
UnIvSv ]Xn-\m-dma\pw Ckvemans\
hna¿in-®p. AXn\p apºp-≠mb
Im¿´q¨ hnhm-Z-Øns‚ NqSpw ]pI
bpw sI -S-ßn-bn -p-ap-≠m-bn-cp-∂n-√.
CsX√mw tN¿∂v aX-temIw Iep-
jn-X-am-bnsIm-≠n-cn-°p-I-bmWv.
Cu teJ-\-Øn¬ aX-]-cn-Xym
Knsb sIm√m≥ Ckveman¬ h√
Iev] \bpw Dt≠m F∂p ]cn-tim-
[n°pI-bmWv sNøp-∂-Xv. ImcWw
\o-Xn-sb-°p-dn®pw a\p-jy-Xz-tØ-
°p-dn®pw am\y-amb kwkm-I-c-sØ-
°p-dn®pw Du∂n-]-d-bp∂ \oXn-am-
\mb hn[n-I¿Øm-hmb A√mlp
hns\ ]cn-N-b-s∏-Sp-Øp∂ aX-amWv
Ckvemw.- CkvemanI ktµiw a‰p-
≈-h-cn¬ FØn-°m≥ Hmtcm apkv
enapw ]Xn-⁄m-_-≤-cm-Wv. Aßn
s\ ]N-cWw \S-°p-tºmƒ a‰p aX-
ÿ¿ Ckveman¬ ]th-in-s®∂v
hcpw. At∏mƒ AXns‚ kt¥m
jw ]¶n-Sp∂ Hcp apkvenw Ckv
eman¬ \n∂v Hcmƒ InkvXp-a-X-
Ønte°v t]mIptºmƒ F¥p-
sIm≠p kln-°p-∂n-√? Ckveman-
te°v hcm-sa-¶n¬ Ckveman¬
\n∂pw t]mIm\pw A\p-h-Zn-t°-≠-
Xt√ F∂v kmam-\y-_p≤n \tΩm
Sp Bh-iy-s∏-Sp-∂p.
hnip≤ Jp¿-B\pw kXy-k-‘-
cmb \nth-Z-I≥amcm¬ dnt∏m¿´v
sNbvX lZokv KŸ-ß-fpw ]cn-
tim-[n-®m¬ aX-]-cn-Xym-Kn°v Hcp
in£ \¬Im\pw Iev]n-°p-∂-
Xmbn ImWm≥ km≤y-a-√. CsX
√mw Ckvem-ans‚ hna¿i-I-cmb
]m›m-Xy-Nn¥-I-∑m-cpsSbpw Hm-dn-
b‚-en-Ãp-I-fp-tSbpw krjvSn-bm
tWm F∂v tNmZn-®m¬ A-Xn-t\m
Spw ]q¿Æ-ambn tbmPn-°m≥ ]‰n-
√. GsXmcp aXhpw AXns‚ Bcw-
-Im-eØv \oXn-am∑m-cmb ]fin-X-
∑m¿ AXns‚ h‡m-°-fm-bn-cn-°p-
t∂-S-tØmfw AXnse XXz-im-
kvX-߃ Ahn-I-e-ambn XpS-cpw.
]n∂oSv ]fin-X-∑msc \nb-¥n-
°p∂ `c-W-I¿Øm-°ƒ hcp -
tºmƒ Ah¿°v Bhiy-amb Nne
t`Z-K-Xn-Iƒ Cu ]fin--∑m-cpsS
klm-b-tØmsS aX-ß-fn¬ ]th-
in-®-Xmbn F√m aX-ßfpw ]cn-tim-
[n-®m¬ a\- n-em-Ipw. c-W-I¿Øm-
°-fpsS hymtam-l-߃ Ah¿ \nb-
a-]m-_eyw \¬In \S-∏n¬ hcp-
Ønb Nne DZm-l-c-W-߃ Ncn-X-
Øn¬ ImWmw. AØcw kw`-h-
߃ FSp-Øp-sIm-≠mWv Ckvem
ans\ hna¿in-°p-∂-Xv. t]m∏ns‚
hna¿i-\hpw AØ-c-Øn¬s∏-´Xv
Xs∂. A√msX hnip≤ Jp¿-B-
aX-kzm-X-¥y-Øn\v ]c-a-amb kzmX¥yw \¬Ip∂ Ckveman¬ aXw
hn´p-t]m-Ip-∂-hs\ sIm√p-sa∂v ]d-bp-∂Xv cmjvSo-bm- n-ap-Jy-ap≈
`oI-c-hm-Zn-I-fmb ap√-am-cm-Wv.
G.-]n. Ip™map
461
30 kXyZqX≥
\n¬ \nt∂m Xncp-l-Zo-kn¬ \n
t∂m Hcp sXfn-sh-SpØp sIm≠p
≈ hna¿i-\-ß-fm-bn-cp-∂n-√ At±
lw B[m-c-am-°n-b-Xv. ChnsS \mw
N¿® sNøp-∂X aX-]-cn-Xym-Knsb
h[n-°-W-sa∂ Iev]\ a[y-\q‰m
≠pI-fnse Nne apkvenw `c-W-
I¿Øm-°-fpsS CkvemanI hncp≤
Bi-bß-fpsS mK-amWv. Ch-cpsS
sNbvXn-I-ƒ bYm¿∞ Ckvemsa∂v
sX‰n-≤m-c-W- sIm≠mWv CXn\v
CXbpw ]Nmcw e`n-®-Xv.
Ct∏mƒ A\-lva-Zn-I-fpsS ]°
¬ Ala-Zn-Iƒ Ckveman-I-hr-Ø
Øn¬ \n∂p ]pd-Øp-t]m-b-h-cmWv
Ah-scbpw h[n-t°-≠-Xm-sW∂v
Xs∂-bm-Wv C°q-´-cpsS A`n-]m-
bw. Cubp-≈h≥ Alva-Znøm Pam-
A-Øn¬ AwKam-bn-tN¿∂Xn\p-
tijw ]e A\lv-aZo kp lr-Øp-
°fpw AXn¬ km[m-cW°mcpw
]fin-X-∑mcpw Dƒs]Spw, Ft∂mSv
Xs∂ t\cn¬ ]d-™n- p-≠v \n߃
CkvemanI Kh¨sa-≠ns‚ Iogn-
emWv Pohn-°p∂sX-¶n¬ \n߃
°v h[-in£ Xo¿®-bm-Wv. At∏m
ƒ Cu hnizmkw apkvenwI-fn¬
\s√mcp hn`m-K-Øn-t‚bpw hnizm-k-
am-Wv. apkvenwI-fn¬ Pnlm-Zns\
]‰nbpw Hcp `oIc k¶-ev]-ap-≠v.
Ct∏mgpw bmYm-ÿn-XnI B hnizm-
ksØ Xmtem-en-°p-∂p-≠v. apkv
enwIfnse CØ-c-Øn-ep≈ DK-hm-
Z-Øn-\pw, Xoh-hm-Z-Øn\pw hgn
sXfn-bn-®Xn¬ Cu a≤y-Ime a\-
ÿn-Xn-°m-cmb ]WvUn-X-∑m-cpsS
kw`m-h-\-Iƒ henb ]¶p hln-®n-
´p-≠v. Alva-Znøm PamA-Øns‚
ÿm]-I-cmb lZvdØv Alv-aZv
(A)-s‚ Xqen-I-bpsS kv]µ-\-amWv
apkvenwIfpsS Pnlm-Zns\ kw_-
‘n® A\nkvemanI k¶-ev]-
߃°v Hc-f-thmfw XS-bn-Sm≥
km[n-®-Xv. amX-a√ Ah-cpsS k¶-
ev]-Ønse hmKvZØ alvZn-bpw,
ako-lp-sams° c‡-Zm-ln-I-fm--bn- m
Wv NnXo-I-cn-°-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv. Ahsc
kw_-‘n®p. ]h-N-\- m-j-bn-ep≈
Be-¶m-cn-I-amb Nne hnti-j-W-
߃ AtX-]Sn ]pe-cp-sa∂v Ah¿
hniz-kn-°p-∂p. At±-l-Øns‚
BK-at\mt±iw Xs∂, F√m Ahn-
izm-kn-I-tfbpw sIms∂mSp°n ssZ
ho-I- -cWw ÿm]n-°m-\mWv. ako-
lns‚ \nizm-k-Øn¬t]mepw Ahn-
izm-kn-Iƒ NØp HSp-ßp-sa∂mWv
hnizm-kn°-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv. F∂m¬
Ah¿°v ]h-Nn-°-s∏´ alvZn h∂-
t∏mƒ F√m-Xcw aX-bp-≤-߃°pw
Adp-Xn-h-cp-Øn-b-Xm-bmWv ]Jym-
]n-®-Xv. sIm s∂m-Sp-°p∂ alv-Zo-a-
kolv k¶ev]w apkvenwIsf Xoh-
hm-Z-ß-fn-te°v \bn-°m≥ ]cym-]vX-
am-bn. ImcWw al-vZo-a-kolv hcp-
tºmƒ At±-lsØ klm-bn-t°-
≠-h¿ AXn-\p≈ Ku≠v h¿°p-
Iƒ \-Øp-at√m. Ahn-izm-kn-Isf
sIm√p-∂Xv ]pWy-am-sW∂ Hcp
XXz-Øn-te-°mWv AXv hgn-sX-fn-
bn-°p-∂-Xv. At∏mƒ CØcw ZpjvS-
em-t°msS ]hr-Øn-°p∂ kwL-
S-\-I-fpsS Xe-∏-Øn-cn-°p∂ ]fin-
X-∑m¿ Ffp-∏-Øn¬ Ah-cpsS sNdp-
∏-°m¿ °v Bthiw ]Icp∂p. Cu
anYym-hn-izm-k-ßsf ]msS h¿÷n-
t°-≠ Imew AXn-I-an-®n-cn-°p-∂p.
ssZh-Øn¬ \n∂pw hcp-∂-h¿ ssZ
h-kr-jvSn-I-tfmSp hfsc Icp-W-bp-
≈-h-cm-Wv. AhtcmSv A\p-Iº
ImWn-°m\pw B¿Z-Nn-Ø-X-tbmsS
Ah sc kwkvI-cn-°m\p-amWv A-
h¿ hcp-∂-Xv. Cu ImeØv ssZh-
Øn¬ \n∂p Ah-Xo¿Æ-cmb lZvd
Øv AlvaZv (A) At±-l-Øns‚
ZutXym-t±-i-߃ hfsc hy-‡am-
°p-I-bp-≠m-bn. \n߃ GI-\mb
ssZ hsØ -B-cm-[n-°p-Ibpw ka-
kr-jvSn-Iƒ°v Ign-bp-∂X tkh
\ßfpw sNøp-I. AXmWv a\p--
jys‚ [¿Ωw. Hcp a\p-jy-t\bpw
tZtlm-]-Z-hta¬∏n-°p-Itbm A]-
cs‚ hnizm-ksØ Ah-tl-fn-°p-
Itbm sNøp-∂-h≥ Fs‚ Pam-A-
Øn¬s∏´h-\-√. F√m-h-tcmSpw
Imcp-WytØmsS s]cp-am-dWw
F∂nhbmbn-cp∂p hmKvZØ alvZn
ako-lns‚ D]-tZ-iw. Ch¿ GsXm
cp ]Xo-£-bnepw hnizm-k-Øn-ep-
am-bn-cp-∂pthm, AXn\p hncp≤-
ambn kam-[m-\-Øns‚bpw Bflo
b am¿§-Ønt‚bpw ktµ-ihp-am-bn-
´mWv hmKv ZØ alvZoako-lns‚
Bhn¿`m hw.
bmYm-ÿn-XnI apkvenwI-fpsS
hnti-j-W-amWv Rm≥ apI-fn¬ ]
I-Sn-∏n-®Xv. F¶nepw ]e hnj-b-ß-
fnepw ]ptcm-K-a\w ]d-bp∂ bmYm-
ÿn-Xn-I-c-√mØ apkvenwI-fp-tSbpw
hnizm-khpw -CXp Xs∂. ]s£
Ah¿ AXn\v Ipd-®p-IqSn ]pXnb
k¶--e v] -߃ ]tbm-Kn -°p∂p
F∂p amXw. Cu Ime-L-´-Øn¬
`c-W-IqSw e£y-am°n ]hr-Øn-
°p∂ auZq-Zn-km-ln-s\-t∏m-ep-≈-
h¿ Cu hn`m-KtØ-bmWv ]Xn-\n-
[m\w sNøp-∂Xv. At±-l-Øns‚
cwK-]-th-i-\-tØmsS Ddßn°n-
S∂ Xoh-hmZw kwL-SnX cq]-
Øn¬ sNdp-∏-°m-cn¬ Bfn-I-
Øm≥ XpS-ßn. Ah-cpsS kmln-Xy-
ß-fp -ambn _‘-s∏-´m¬ AXv
t_m≤y-am-Ipw. auZqZn kmln_v
ta¬hn-j-b-ambn Xs‚ IrXn-I-fn¬
]I-Sn-∏n® F√m Bi-b-ß-tfbpw
hnip≤ Jp¿-B-s‚bpw Xncp-l-Zo-kp-
I-fptSbpw ASn-ÿm-\-Øn¬ A-
lva-Znøm Pam-A-Øns‚ \memw
Jeo-^-bmb lZvdØv an¿km
Xzmln¿ Alv-aZv kmln_v (d-lv)
hfsc bp‡n-]q¿∆w hni-I-e\w
sNbvXv AXns‚ \nc¿∞-IX
Xpd∂p Im´p-∂p. ""aX-Øns‚ t]
cn¬ a\p-jy-lXy'' F∂ t]cn¬
B ]pkvXIw ae-bm-f-Øn¬ F.-
Fw. apl-ΩZv keow kmln_v
hnh¿Ø\w sNbvXn´p-≠v. AXn¬
aX-]-cn-XymKn h[m¿l-\m-sW∂v
sXfn-bn-°m≥ Ch¿ tN¿Ø lZo-
kp-Ifn¬ \n∂pw a\- n-em-°m≥
km[n-°p∂Xv, B lZo-kp-I-fn¬
hnh-cn® h[n-°-s∏´ F√m-hcpw
sIme-]m-X-Iw, cmPy-tZmlw apX-
emb h≥Ip-‰-߃ sNbvX-h-cm-sW-
∂m -Wv . AtX kabw Ah¿
Ckvemw aXw C-t]-£n-®-h-cp-am-bn-
cp-∂p. Ah-cpsS ta¬ Nm¿Ø-s∏´
Ip‰w aXw Dt]-£n-®-Xns‚ t]cn-
462
312006 \hw-_¿
em-bn-cp-∂n-√. Ah¿ in£n-°-s∏-
´Xv Ah≥ \S-Ønb a‰p Ip‰-ß-
fpsS t]cn-em-bn-cp-∂p. Rm≥ AXn-
te°v IS-°p-∂n√ . hnip≤ Jp¿-
B≥ Cu hnj-b-Øn¬ \¬Ip∂
Iev]\-I-sf-¥m-sW∂v \mw ]cn-
tim-[n -°p-I. C∂v bp. -F≥.-H.
AwKo-I-cn® a\p-jym-h-Imi Nm¿´-
dn¬ Hcmƒ°v CjvS ap≈ aXw
ssIs°m-≈m-\pw, AXn \v th≠n
]N-cWw \S-Øm-\pw, B aXw
\njvI¿jn-°p∂ hn[w Pohn-°m-\p-
ap-ff kzmX-¥yap≠v. CXv hy‡n-
kzm-X-¥y-am-Wv. AtX-t]m se
Bt«-jn® aXw ]cn-Xy-Pn-°p-hm
\pw CjvS -ap≈ as‰mcp aXw
kzoIcn°m\pw kzmX-¥y-ap-≠m-bn-
cn-°pw. CXv P\m-[n-]-Xy-cm-jvS-ß-
fpsS km¿∆-t-Z-iob apJ-ap-Z-bm-Wv.
Ckvemw AXns\ Bbn-cØn \m
∂qdp h¿j-߃°v apºv AwKo-I-
cn-®n-cn-°p-∂p.
hnip≤ Jp¿-B-\n¬ ""emC-Ivd-
l- n-±o≥'' F∂ Iev]\ AXm-bXv
""aX-Øn¬ _em¬°m-c -an√''
F∂Xv A\y-k-ap-Zm-b-°m¿°v hsc
Adn-bm-hp∂ Imcy-am-Wv. "\n߃
°v \nß-fpsS aXw F\n°v Fs‚
aXw' (109:6) as‰mcp ÿeØv
""\n߃ A√m-lp-hns\ A\p-k-cn-
°p-hn≥ Cu ZqX-s\bpw A\p-k-
cn°p-hn≥. \n߃ PmK-X-bp-≈-h-
cmbn cn°p-I. C\n \n߃ ]n¥n-
cn -™p-I-f -bp -∂-]£w \ΩpsS
I¿Øhyw hy‡-amb \ne-bn¬ k
tµiw FØn-°pI amX-amWv (5:93)
Chn-sSbpw ]n¥n-cn™p t]mIp-∂-
hsc sIm√m≥ Blzm-\-an-√.
]nt∂bpw hnip≤ Jp¿-B≥ ]d-
bp∂p: ""hniz-kn-°p-Ibpw ]n∂oSv
Ahn-iz-kn-°p-Ibpw ]nt∂bpw
hniz-kn-°p-Ibpw ]nt∂bpw Ahn-
iz-kn-°p-Ibpw ]n∂oSv Ahn-izmkw
h¿≤n-∏n-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂-Xmtcm
A√mlp Ah¿°v Hcn-°epw s]mdp-
Øp-sIm-Sp-°p-I-bn√ (4:138). Cu
hmIy-Øn¬ hniz-kn-®p--I-gn™v
Ahn-iz-kn-®m¬ Ahs\ sIm√-W-
sa-∂mWv \nb-a-sa-¶n¬ Ahn-izmkn
Fßns\ hnizm-kn-bmhm≥ km[n
°pw? At∏mƒ hnizmkw \jvS
s∏´ Bƒ°v Aßns\ Hcp in£m-
\n-baw Ckveman¬ C√ Xs∂.
CXp-Iq-SmsX as‰mcp kw`hw Jp¿-
B-\n¬ hnh-cn-°p-∂p-≠v. KŸw
\¬I-s∏´cn¬ Hcp-Iq-´¿ cmhnse
Iq -tØmsS Ckvemw Bt«-jn-°p-
Ibpw sshIp-t∂-c-am-Ip-tºmƒ Iq -
tØmsS Dt]-£n-°p-Ibpw sNøm-
dp-≠v. CX-h¿ sNøp-∂Xv hnizm-kn-
I-fn¬ Ah-cpsS hnizm-k-sØ-°p-
dn®v Hcp A-h-a-Xn∏v D≠m-°p-hm\pw
\ntj-[n-I-fm-°n-Øo¿°m-\p-am-bn-
cp∂p (3:73). Cu kw`hw aZo-\-bn
epw a°-bnepw CkvemanI `cWw
ÿm]n-®-Xn\v tij-am-Wv. Ckvem
an¬ h∂v t]mIp-∂-hsc h[n-°p-am-
bn-cp-s∂-¶n¬- C-Øcw kw`hw
Xs∂ AhnsS DS-se--Sp-°p-am-dm-Ip-
am-bn-cp-∂n-√. Cßns\ hn-ip-≤-Jp¿-
Bs‚ ]mTw hfsc kpXm-cy-am-Wv.
A√mlp a\p-jy\v \√-Xn-t\bpw
NoØ-tbbpw th¿Xn-cn-®-dn-bm≥
Ign-hv sIm-Sp-Øv a\p-jys\ kzX-
¥-\m-bn-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv. Ah¿ sN
øp∂ sNbvXn-Iƒ°v in£ c£m
\¬Ip∂ ÿew ]ctem-I-am-Wv.
ChnsS A√mlp sX‰p-sN-øp-∂-
h¿°v am\-km-¥-c-Øn-\p≈ Hcp- A-
h-kcw \¬Ip-∂p-≠v. lZo-kn¬
\n∂v Hcp kw`hw ChnsS ]I¿
Øm≥ BK-ln-°p-∂p. Ckveman
s‚ iXp-°-fn¬ AK-K-Wy-\mb
A_p-P-l-ens‚ aI≥ CIvcna-bp-tS-
Xm-W-Xv. Ckveman\v hfsc A[n
Iw tZmlw sNbvXhcmWv A_q-
P-l-epw aI-\pw. A_q-P-l¬ _Z-
dn¬ sIm√-s∏-´p. aI≥ tijn-®p.
At±-lsØ C\n apkvenwIƒ sh
dpsX hnSp-I-bn√ F∂v IcpXn CIv
cna ba-\n-te°v ]em-b\w sNøm≥
ian-°p-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p. ]s£ At±-
l-Øns‚ `mcy Ckvemw aXw kzo
I-cn -®n -cp -∂p. Ah¿ ]d™p.
\n߃ Aev]-Im-eØp \n¬°p-I,
Rm≥ Xncp-ta\n (k-A)bpambn
H∂v kwkm-cn -°-s´. Aßns\
Ah¿ t]mbn Xncp-ta-\n(-k)-bp-ambn
kwkm-cn-®-t∏mƒ Xncp-ta\n Acpfn:
"CIvcna H∂p-sIm≠pw b-s∏-tS-≠-
Xn-√. At±-l-Øns‚ hn-izm-k-]-Im-
c-ap -≈-Xp-t]mse At±-l-Øn\v
ChnsS Ign-bmw. Cu hnhcw CIv
cn-asb Adn-bn-°p-Ibpw At±lw
a°-bn¬ Xs∂ Xma-kn-°p-Ibpw
sNbvXp. ]n∂oSv At±lw Ckvemw
Bt«-jn-°p-I-bp-≠m-bn.
ChnsS H∂v c≠p-Im-cy-߃
apkvenw ]fin-X-∑m¿ a\- n-em-t°-
≠n-bn-cn-°p-∂p. Hcp apkvenamb
CIvcnabpsS `mcy- Aapkvenamb
`¿Ømhpam -bp≈ _‘w Cu
]fin-X-am-cpsS apºn¬ Pmbnkm
Iptam? Cu Pmbnk√mØ _‘
sØ ]‰n Xncp-ta\n H∂pw ]Xn-h-
Nn-®n-√. ChnsS Hcp kvXobpsS
`¿Ømhv Alva-Zn-bm-b-Xns‚ t]
cn¬ At±-l-tØmSv hnhm-l-tam-
N\w hmßmsX as‰m-cmƒ°v hn
hmlw sNbvX lo\-kw- hw tImgn-
t°mSv Xs∂ D≠v. At∏mƒ Cu
\S-°p∂sXm∂pw Ckvem-an-I-a-√.
C∂v apkvenw bphm-°ƒ bYm¿
∞ Ckvemans‚ ]mX-bn¬ \n∂v
A\nkvemanI-amb Xoh-hm-Z-Øn-
te°p t]mbvs°m-≠n-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv.
Hmtcm Bfp-tSbpw Ign-h-\p-k-cn®p
kaq-l-Øn¬ \n∂v Cu Zp›n-¥
\o°w sNøm≥ ian-t°-≠-Xm-Wv.
apkvenwI-fp-sS Cu Xoh-hm-Z-`aw-
Ckvemans‚ apJsØ FX-amXw
sshIr-X-am-°n-bn-cn-°p-∂p F∂v
hnh-cn-°m≥ km[y-a-√. CØcw
]h¿Ø-\-߃ ]m›-mXy kmam-
Py-i-‡n-Ifpw Hmdn-b‚-en-ÃpIfpw
tN¿∂p hnZym-k-º-∂-cp-sSbnS-bn¬
Ckvemans\ hnIr-X-ambn NnXo-I-
cn-°m≥ D]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂p. Cu hn]-
Øn-t\-]‰n apkvenw P\-߃ t_m
[-hm-∑m-cmt-I≠-Xm-Wv. Cu ]h¿
Ø-\sØ Hcp ]Im-c-Ønepw hn
ip≤ Jp¿-B-t\m, Xncp-l-Zo-kp-I
tfm icn-sh-°p-∂n-√.
463
32 kXyZqX≥
""tIc-f-°-c-bn¬ apl-ΩZv
\_n (k)-bpsS Ime-Øn\p sXm´p-
]n-∂mse Ckvemw FØn-t®¿∂n-
´p-≠v F∂Xv t\cm-Wv. F∂m¬
\q‰m-≠p-Iƒ ]n∂n-´-t∏mƒ, ]tXy-
In®pw ]sØm-ºXmw \q‰m-≠n¬,
apkvenwIƒ GXv A¿∞-Ønepw
]n-t∂m-°-am-bn-Øo¿∂p. apkvenw
kaq-l-Øn\-IsØ "Pmln-enø'
Imew F∂v hnti-jn-∏n-°m-hp∂
hn[w A[x-ÿnXn-bn-em-bn-cp∂p
Ah¿. Ccp-]Xmw \q‰m-≠ns‚
Bcw-`-Øn¬ H-‰-s∏´ \thm-∞m\
kwcw- -߃ Bcw- n-°p-Ibpw \q‰m-
≠ns‚ a-[ytØmsS kwL-Sn-X-]-
h¿Ø\w Bcw-`n-°p-Ibpw sNbv
Xp.'' (i-_m_v (aS-hq¿ Kq∏v apPm-
lnZv apJ-]-Xw) (2006 G]n¬ 7,
t]Pv 12)
Bbn -cØn \m\qdp h¿j-
߃°p-ap-ºp≈ Pmln-enøm Ime-
L-´-Øn¬ a\pjy-hw-i-Øns‚
hntam-N-\-Øn-\mbn aplΩZv apkv
X^m (k) BK-X-cm-bn-s°m ≠v
bYm¿∞ Ckvemw qap-JØv kvYm
]n-°p-I-bp-≠m-bn. Pmln-enøm Im
ew Xncn -®p-h-cn -Ibpw Ckvemw
temI-Øn¬ \n∂p \jvS-s∏-Sp-
Ibpw sNøptºmƒ Hcp ^m¿kn
hwi-P≥ Zo\ns\ ]p\xÿ-m-]n-°m
≥ \ntbm-K-s∏-Sp-sa∂v dkq¬ (k)
kt¥m-j-hm¿Ø Adn-bn-°p-Ibpw
sNbvXp. F√m A¿∞-Ønepw
apkvenwIƒ ]nt∂m-°-am-bn-Øo¿
∂ ]sØm-ºXmw \q-‰m-≠nse Pm
"tam£m¿l-amb I£n'
ln-enøm Ime-L-´-Øn¬ Ckv
emans‚ ]p\x-ÿm-]-\-Øn-\mbn
^m¿kn hwi-P≥ AlvaZv (A)
BK-X-cm-hp-Ibpw AlvaZn-ø-Øn-
eqsS Ckvem-ans‚ \thm-∞m\
kwcw-`-߃ Bcw-`n-°p-Ibpw sN
bvXp. apl-ΩZv apkvX^ (k) sIm
≠p-h-∂Xpw ]n∂oSv temI-Øn\p
ssItam-iw-h-∂Xpw tijw AlvaZv
(A) ]p\x-ÿm-]n-®-Xp-amb Bi-b-
߃ kzoI-cn-®p-sIm≠v ]n-∂oSv [m
cmfw \thm-∞m\ ]ÿm-\-߃
H‰-s∏´pw kwL-Sn-X-ambpw Bcw-`n-
®n-´p-≠v. ap-Pm-ln-Zp-]ÿm\w \S-
∏n¬ hcp-Øm≥ ian-°p∂ \thm-
∞m\ kwcw-`-߃s°√mw XpS-°-
an-´Xv AlvaZnøm Pam-AØv Bbn-
cp-∂p. J_-dm-fn-I-tfm-Sp≈ CS-tX´w
XpSßn in¿°n-se-Øn-°p∂ kIe
]h¿Ø-\-ßfpw Hgn-hm-°¬, amXr-
`m-j-bn¬ JpXv_, kvXo]-≈n-]-
th-iw, kvXokwLS\, _me-˛-bp-
h-P-\-˛-h-tbm-P\ imJm kwL-S-\-
Iƒ, P\-\-a-c-W-Zn-\m-N-c-W-߃
Hgn-hm-°¬ XpS-ßn-bh DZm-l-c-W-
߃ amXw. CkvemanI \thm-∞m-
\-Øn\p XpS-°-an-Sp-Ibpw Jnem-
^Øv ]p\-ÿm-]n-°p-Ibpw sNbvX
C°m-e-L-´-Øns‚ ]cn-jv°¿Øm-
hmb Znhy-\n-tbmKn Xs∂ Xncn-®-
dn-bm≥sshIn-t∏m-I-cp-sX∂v ""i_m
_n''s‚ Bfp-Isf kvt\l-]q¿∆w
DW¿Øp-I-bm-Wv.
""PqX InkvXym-\n-Iƒ Fgp-]-
sØm∂pw Fgp-]-Øn-c≠pw I£n-
I-fmbn ]ncn-™-t]mse Fs‚ kap-
Zmbw Fgp-]-Øn-aq∂p I£nIfmbn
]ncn-bp-sa∂pw B I£n-I-fn¬
Hs∂m-gnsI F√mw \c-I-Øn-em-
sW∂pw ]Tn-∏n® ]hm-N-Is‚ ]
h-N-\-Øns‚ ]pe¿®-bn-te-°mWv
apkvenw kaq-l-Øns‚ C∂sØ
Zpc-hÿ hnc¬ Nq≠p-∂-Xv. Bsc
X ]cn-i-an-®mepw Cu ]h-N-\-
Øns‚ ]pe¿®-s°m-c-dpXn Akm-
[y-am-Wv.'' (hn-Nn-¥\w (G∏n apPm-
lnZv apJ-]-Xw) 2006 Pq¨ 16. t]Pv
˛ 7)
PqX InkvXym-\n-I-tfmSv kmZr-
iy-s∏-´p-sIm≠v hnhn[ I£n-I-fm-
bn-Øo-cp∂ Xs‚ kap-Zm-b-Øn¬,
kz¿§m-h-Im-in-I-fm-bn-Øo-cp∂
GI-hn-`m-K-sØ-°p-dn®v ""Rm\pw
Fs‚ k-lm_Øpw D≈ Ah-ÿ-
bn-ep-≈-h¿'' F-∂v dkq¬ (k) hni-
Zo-I-cn-°p-I-bp-≠m-bn. B A-hÿ
AYhm Hcp t\Xmhpw At±-lsØ
]cn-]q¿Æ-ambn A\pkcn°p∂
A\p-bm-bn-I-fpw F∂ Ahÿ
AlvaZnøm Pam-A-Øn¬ amXta
ImWm≥ Ign-bp-∂p≈q.
tam£m¿l-amb I£n Hcp
""A¬ Pam-A-Ømbn''cn°p-sa∂pw
dkq¬(-k) A-cp-fn-bn-´p-≠v. ]cn-
]q¿Æ-ambn A\p-k-cn-°-s∏-Sp∂
Hcp t\Xm-thm-Sp-Iq-Snb Hcp A¬P-
am-AØv bYm¿∞ Ckvemw F∂p
Da¿ (d) hni-ZoI-cn -®n -´p -ap -≠v.
(AlvaZn-ø-Øns\ FXn¿°m≥
(-tijw 37˛mw t]Pn¬)
bmkn¿ Ad- mØv
tam£m¿l-amb I£nbpsS AS-bm-f-߃
AlvaZnøm Pam-A-Øn¬ amXta ImWq
464
332006 \hw-_¿
bmX-\-bp-sSbpw thZ-\-bp-
sSbpw kwlm-cm-fl-I-amb Hcp tem
I-am-Wn∂v \mw ImWp-∂-Xv. Hmtcm
Znh-khpw Ch \nc-h[n Bfp-Isf
_m[n-°p-∂p.- A-Xn¬ \nc-]-cm-[n-
Ifpw ssZh- -b-ap-≈-hcpw sIm®p-Ip-
´n-Ifpw bphm-°-fpw hr≤cpw F√mw-
s]-Sp∂p. Rm\pw \nßfpw \ΩpsS
kao-]-Øp-≈-hcpw imco-cn-Itam am
\-kn-Itam sshIm-cn-Itam Bb
ITn-\-amb hyY-I-fn-eq-sS-bm-bn-cn
°pw IS-∂p-t]m-Ip-∂-Xv.
bmX\ \sΩ Hcp hn[-Øn-e-
s√-¶n¬ as‰mcp hn[-Øn¬ _m[n-
°p-∂p. AXn¬ \n∂pw c£-s∏-
Sm≥ km[n-°p-I-bn-√. F∂m¬
F¥p-sIm-≠m-WnXp kw`-hn-°p-
∂Xv? \mapw a‰p-≈-hcpw F¥n-
\mWv bmX\ kln-°p-∂Xv? Xs‚
kvt\l-Øn¬ \n ∂pw ]Xn-—m-b-
bn¬ \n∂pw \sΩ krjvSn®
ssZhw F¥n-\mWv \ap °v ZpcnXw
\¬Ip∂Xv? ]oU-I-fn-√mØ Hcp
temIw ssZhw F¥p-sIm≠v
krjvSn-®n√?
]Y-a-ZrjvSym bmX\ Dƒs°m-
≈m\pw AXns\ \ymbo-I-cn°m\pw
\ap°v Atß-b‰w ]bm-k-am-bn-cn-
°mw. in£-bp-sS- -e-amtbm kzbw
bmX-\-Ifpw ]oU-IfpwF-¥p-sIm≠v ?
ASn-t®-ev]n-°-s∏-Sp-Itbm sNø-
s∏´ ]oU-Iƒ \ymbo-I-cn-°-s∏-t´-
°mw. F∂m¬ \nc-]-cm-[n-Ifmb -
bp-hm-°fpw ssZh-kvt\-ln-Ifpw F
¥p-sIm-≠mWv Zpcn-X-a-\p- -hn-°p-∂
Xv?
C°m-cy-Øn¬ CkvemanI ho
£-W-sa-¥m-sW∂ Imcyw Kln-
°p-∂-Xn\v \nßsf klm-bn-°m≥
Rm≥ ian-°mw. bmX\-°p≈ Imc-
W-sa-s¥-∂-Xn-te°v Ckvemw sh
fn®w hoip-∂p. Npcp-°-Øn¬ bm
X\ Ft∏mgpw "bmX-\-b√' F∂
Imcyw At∏m-gmWv a\- n-em-°m≥
km[n-°p-I.
_p≤-aXw bmX-\ (ZpxJw)
F¥n¬\n-∂p-≠m-hp-∂p-sh∂v \n¿
∆-N\m-fl-I-ambn hn-h-cn-°p-∂p.
(1) Xoh-bm-X\. DZm: hm¿≤-
Iyw, tcmKw, ac-Ww,
(2) B\-µ-Øns‚ A`m-hw.
(3) Hcn-°epw Hgn-™p-am-dm≥
]‰mØ £Wn-IXzKpWw F∂
F√m-‰n-ep-a-S-ßnb ]Xn- mkw Imc-
W-Øm¬ Xm≥ kvt\ln-°p-∂-Xn
s\tbm Xm\p-ambn KmVm-\p-cm-K-
Øn-ep-≈-Xn-t\tbm Dt]-£n-°¬
\n¿_-‘-am-h¬
Zpx-J-Øns‚ ImcWw a\p-jy
s‚ kzm¿∞-]-c-amb BK-l-am-
sW∂pw _p≤-aXw Ah-Im-i-s∏-Sp-
∂p. AXm-bXv a\p-jys‚ Zmlm¿
Øn AYhm "XrjvW'bmWv ZpxJ-
Øn≥s‚ tlXp. tam£w (\n¿∆m-
Ww) ]m]n-°m≥ _p≤-aXw \n¿t±-
in-°p-∂Xv AjvS-am¿§-ß-fmWv.
lnµp-a-X-hn-izm-k-]-Imcw bm
X-\- kzbw ASn-t®-ev]n-°-s∏-´-Xm
Wv. AXns\ Ah¿ ]p\¿P-∑-kn-
≤m-¥w-sIm≠v \ymbo-I-cn-°p-Ibpw
sNøp-∂p. A-Xm-bXv, ap÷-∑-Øn
se kz`m-h-Øns‚ ASn-ÿm-\-
Øn¬ D∂-Xtam bmX-\m-]q¿Wtam
Bb Po-hn-Xap≠m-hp-∂p.
Ckvemw Cu kn≤m¥w Xnc-
kvI-cn-°p-∂p. ssZhØns‚ krjvSn-
∏ns‚ Bkq-X-W-Ønep≈ A\-¥-
amb ssh`hw ImcWw Pohs‚
]p\x-]-cn-hr-Øn-bpsS Bh-iy-an-√.
AXn-\m¬ XpS¿®-bmbn D∂-X-hn-
Xm-\-ß-fn-te°v B Po-hs\ Ah≥
\bn-°p-∂p.
_p≤-a-X-Øns‚ \n¿∆-N\w ]
_ew Xs∂--sb-¶nepw km¿∆-eu-In-
I-amb \ne-bnepw a\p-jys\ _m[n-
°p∂ \ne-bnepw ZpxJw N¿®-sN-
ø-s∏-S-Ww. ]oU-bpsS km∂n-[y-
tIh-em¿-∞-Øn¬ bmX-\bpw ]oU-I-fp-an-√. F√mw ssZh-Øns‚ Imcp-Wy-am-Wv.
]Imiw XSbs∏Sp-tºmƒ \ng-ep-≠m-Ip-∂Xv t]mse Xn∑-bpw, I-jvS-X-Ifpw
kmt]-£n-I-ß-fm-Wv. bmX-\-bp-sSbpw ]oUI-fp-sSbpw
CkvemanI XXzhpw ho£-WhpamWv teJ-I≥ hnh-cn-°p-∂-Xv.
tUm. C^vXn-Jm¿ AlvaZv Abmkv OBE-UK
465
34 kXyZqX≥
Øn s‚ ]iv\-amWv IqSp-X¬ ASn-
ÿm-\-]-c-am-bXv. Ckvemw Ah-X-
cn-∏n-°p∂ bp‡n-]-c-amb kao-]-\-
amWv G‰hpw DØ-aw.
Imcy-Im-c-W-ß-fpsS temI-
ØmWv \mw Pohn-°p-∂-Xv. hfsc
kq£va-ambn \nco-£n-®m¬ apgp-]-
]-©hpw Cu hyh-ÿ-bn¬ _‘n-
X-am-sW∂v Is≠-Øm≥ km-[n
°pw. Imcy-Im-c-W-Øns‚ am‰-an-
√mØ Cu XXzw ImcWambmWv
imkvXo-b-⁄m-\-ß-fn¬ \mw
apt∂-dp-∂-Xv. Hcp ImcWw ASn-
ÿm-\-]-c-am-bn-cn-°mw. As√-¶n¬
XpS¿®-bmb irwJ-e-bp-ambn IÆn-
tN¿°p∂ as‰mcp Imc-W-Øns‚
^e-am-bn-cn-°mw. Cu ]Inb Ah-
km-\n-°p-tºmƒ A¥n-a-amb Imc
Ww kzbw AkvXn-Xz-ap-≈-Xm-bn-cn-
°-W-sa-∂Xv hy‡-am-Wv. AXv
tIh-e-am-bn-cn-°bpw thWw. \nb-
X-amb ImcWw tIh-e-am-bn-cn-°-bn-
s√∂pw hy‡-am-Wv. Fs¥-∂m¬
]In-b-bpsS Nne afi-e-ßsf
AXv Hgn-®p-\n¿Øpw. Ah-km\
ImcWw AXm-bn-cn-°-bn-√. GsXm
cp Imc-Whpw AkvXn-Xzhpw F√mw
Dƒs°m-≈p-∂Xpw kzbw-`q-X-hp-am-
sW-¶n¬ AXv A\n-hmcy-ambpw
A\-¥-am-Wv. hnip≤ Jp¿-B≥
]Jym-]n-°p∂p:
""\ns‚ \mYs‚-b-Sp-°-te-°m
Wv (k¿∆-hpw) Ah-km\w sN-s∂-
Øp-∂-Xv.'' (53:43)
F√m \ne-bnepw Hmtcm KpW-
Ønepw tIh-e-k-Øbpw A\-¥-\p-
am-Wv Ah≥. tIhe kØ-bm-hm≥
Ahs‚ krjvSn-ssh-`hw kzbw
Xs∂ A\-¥-amb Xe-߃ ]I-
Sn-∏n-°-Ww. Hmtcm h¿§-Øns‚
krjvSn-∏nepw AXp ]I-S-am-h-Ww.
GsX√mw Xe-߃ a\p-jy\p k¶-
ev]n-°m≥ km[n-°p-tam, AXm-bXv
hkvXp-hnepw hkvXp-h-√m-Ø-Xn-epw,
^e-`q-bn-jvS-am-b-Xnepw Xcn-im-b-
Xnepw hnI-kn-°p-∂-Xnepw kt¶m-
Nn-°p-∂-Xnepw Pohn-X-Ønepw ac-
W-Ønepw t_m[m-h-ÿ-bnepw
At_m-[m-h-ÿ-bnepw IÆp-I-fn-
√mØ a\p-jy-\nepw Hcp IÆp≈
a\p-jy-\nepw Imen-√m-Ø-h-\nepw
Iøn-√m-Ø-h-\nepw hncq-]-\nepw
kpµc\nepw aßn-b-Xnepw ]Im-in-
°p-∂-Xnepw F√mw Cu Xew D≠m-
h-Ww.
tIh-e-Xz-Øn¬ \n∂p \oßn-
t∏m-Ip-t¥mdpw Bt]-£n-I-X-bpsS
hnShv hn]peam-hp-∂p. Cu kzbw-
`q-hn¬ \n∂p≈ thdn-Sen¬ Bh-
iy-ßfpw Xn-∑bpw A¥¿`-hn-®n-cn-
°p-∂p. temI-Øns‚ AkvXnXzw
kzbw-Xs∂ Xn∑-b-√.
Ckveman-Im-≤ym-]-\-a-\p-k-cn
®v Xn∑°v kzbw Xs∂ Hc-kvXn-
Xz-an-√. hnip≤ Jp¿-B-\n¬ A√m
lp ]d-bp-∂p:
""\ns‚ \mY≥ Fß-s\-bmWv
\ng¬ \o´n-bn- p-≈-sX∂v \o ImWp-
∂n t√? Ah≥ Dt±-in-®n-cp-s∂-¶n¬
AXns\ (Htc ÿe-Øv) HXp°n
\ndp-Øp-am-bn-cp-∂p. ]ns∂ \mw
kqcys\ AXn∂v (\n-g-en-∂v) Hcp
hgn-Im-´n-bm-°n-bn-cn-°p-∂p. ]ns∂
\mw AXns\ (\n-g-en-s\) \Ωn-
te°v sas√ sas√ ]nSn-s®-Sp-°p-
∂p'' (25:46, 47). kqcy-\n¬ \n ∂p≈
]Imiw XS- -s∏-Sp-Øp∂ Hcp
hkvXp-hmWv \ng¬ hogvØp-∂-Xv.
hkvXp kqcy\n¬ \n∂-I-ep-t¥m
dpw \ng¬ \ofp-∂p. hkvXp kqcy-
\n-te-°-Sp-°p-t¥m-dpw \ng¬ Npcp-
ßn-t∏m-Ip -∂p. hkvXp t\cn´v
kqcys‚ shfn-®-Øn\p Iogn-em-sW-
¶n¬ \ng¬ C√ Xs∂. ssZhnI
]Im-i-Øns‚ A`m-h-Øn¬ D≠m-
hp∂ \ng-emWv Xn∑-sb-∂mWv Cu
D]a hnh-cn-°p-∂-Xv. Xn∑ kzbw
Xs∂ \n›n-X-amb AkvXn-Xz-ap≈
H∂-√. ]Im-i-Øns‚ Dd-hn-S-sØ-
°p-dn®v \ap°v k¶-ev]n-°m≥ km
[n-°pw. F∂m¬ A‘-Im-c-Øns‚
Dd-hn-S-amb Hcp hkvXp \ap°v mh-
\-bn¬ ImWm≥ km[n-°n-√. Hcp
hkvXp A‘-Im-cØ-ns‚ Dd-hn-S-
amIm\p≈ GI hgn shfn-®sØ
XS- -s∏-Sp-Ø-emWv. AtX-]-Imcw
\∑-bpsS A`m-h-amWv Xn∑-bm-hp-
∂Xv.
CXns‚ shfn-®-Øn¬, lZv
dØv Jeo-^-Øp¬ akolv \mem-
a≥ (d) Xs‚ Revelation Rational-ity Knowledge and Truth F∂
]pkvX-I-Øn¬ "bmX-\'-sb-°p-dn®v
hnh-cn-®n-cn-°p-∂p.
ssZthw "bmX\sb' kzX-¥-
amb AkvXn-Xzambn krjv-Sn®n- n-√.
B-\-µ-Øn-s‚bpw Bizm-k-Øns‚
bpw A\p-t]-£-Wo-b-amb A`m-h-
amWv bmX\. AXv \ng¬ t]mse-
bmWv. shfn-®-Øns‚ A`mhw hncn-
°p∂ \ng-em-Wv A‘-Im-cw. Po
hnXw Ds≠-¶n¬ ac-W-hp-ap-≠v. Htc
Xe-Øns‚ c≠‰Øpap≈ [ph-ß-
fn¬ Ah ÿn-Xn-sN-øp-∂p. AXn-
\n-S-bn¬ \nc-h[n ]Z-hn-I-fpw \ng-
ep-I-fp-ap-≠v. ac-W-Øn¬ \n∂p \o
ßp-tºmƒ \mw ItaW Pohn-X-Øn
s‚ Ah-ÿ-bn-te-°mWv \oßp-∂-
Xv. AXmWv kt¥m-jw. \mw Pohn-
X-Øn¬ \n∂v \oßp-tºmƒ ZpxJ-
t_m-[-tØmsS ac-W-Øn-te-°mWv
\oßp-∂-Xv.- A-kvXn-Xz-Øn-\p-th-≠n-
bp≈ ka-csØ a\- n-em-°m-\p≈
Xmt°m-emWv CXv. ]Icw AXv
\sΩ ÿnc-ambn KpW-\n-e-hm-c-
ap≈ Pohn-X-Øn-te°v \bn°-p-I
bpw ]cn -Wm -a -Øns‚ A¥na-
e£yw t\Sm≥ \sΩ klm-bn-°p-
Ibpw sNøp-∂p. "A¿ln-°p-∂-h
A-Xn-Po-hn-°p∂p' F∂ XXzw al-
Ømb Cu ]cn-Wm-a-]-≤-Xn-bn¬
Ahn-`m-Py-amb ]¶v hln-°p-∂p.
Cu ]Xn-`mkw hn. Jp¿-B-\n¬
kqNn-∏n-°-s∏-´n-cn-°p-∂p. A√mlp
]d-bp∂p:
""BcpsS Iøn-emtWm ]c-am-[n-
Imcw ÿnXn-sN-øp-∂-Xv, Ah≥
]cn-ip-≤-\mI-p-∂p. Ah≥ F√m
Imcy-߃°pw ]q¿-Æ-ambn Ign-hp-
≈-h-\m-Ip-∂p.
""\nß-fn¬ \n∂v BcmWv G‰
466
352006 \hw-_¿
hpw \∂mbn ]h¿Øn-°p-∂-sX∂v
\nßsf ]co-£n®v Adn-bp-∂-Xn-\p-
th≠n ac-Whpw Pohn-Xhpw kr
jvSn-®-h-\sX Ah≥. Ah≥ ]Xm-
]-hm\pw k¿∆Ym s]mdp°p∂-h-\p-
amI-p∂p'' (67: 2,3).
Pohn-X-Øn-s‚bpw ac--W-Øn-
s‚bpw AKm-[-amb XXz-⁄m-\w,
AXn-\n-S-bn-ep≈ FÆ-a‰ PohnXw
cq]-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂-Xn-\pw, AXns‚
KpW-\n-e-hmcw \∂m°nØo¿°p-
∂-Xn\pw AXv hln-°p∂ ]¶v Ch
sb√mw ta¬kq-‡-Øn¬ AS-ßn-
bn-cn-°p-∂p. Imcy-ß-fpsS ]≤Xn
Xs∂-bmWv ssZhw ChnsS shfn-
s∏-Sp-Øp-∂-Xv. Pohn-X-sa-∂Xv Hcp
k¿Km-fl-I-amb aqey-am-sW∂pw
AXns‚ A`m-h-amWv acWw sIm
≠v hnh-£n-°-s∏-´n-´pf-f-sX∂pw
\ap-°-dn-bmw. Ahsb X-Ωn¬ th¿
Xn-cn-°p∂ \n›n-X-amb AXn-cp-Iƒ
C√.
-a-c-W-Øn-te°p≈ Pohn-X-Øn
s‚ ]bm-Whpw \mihpw Ita-W-
bp≈ Hcp ]In-b-bm-Wv. a‰p Zni-
bn¬ IqSn ac-WsØ ho£n-®m¬
acWw Pohn-X-Øn-te°v k©-cn--°p-
tºmƒ i‡nbpw Du¿÷hpw t_m
[m-h-ÿbpw kw -cn-°p-∂p. CXmWv
krjvSn-∏ns‚ al-Ømb ]≤-Xn.
F¥p-sIm-≠mWv CXv ssZhw Cß
s\ BkqXWw sNbvXXv?
""\nß-fn¬ \n∂v BcmWv G‰
hpw \∂mbn ]h¿Øn-°p-∂-sX∂v
\nßsf ]co-£n®v Adn-bp-∂-Xn-\p-
th≠n'' F∂mWv hnip≤ Jp¿-B≥
\¬Ip∂ adp-]Sn:
Pohn-Xhpw ac-Whpw XΩn-
ep≈ \nc-¥-c-amb Cu ka-c-amWv
Pohn-XsØ \nc-¥-c-amb ]co-£-W-
߃°v hnt[-b-am-°p-∂-Xv. Aß
s\ DØ-a-amb coXn-bn¬ ]h¿Øn-
°p-∂-h¿ AXn-Po -hn -°p -Ibpw
AkvXn-Xz-Øns‚ D-∂-X-]-Zhn t\Sp-
Ibpw sN-øp-∂p. Cu kq-‡-ß-fn¬
hnh-cn -°-s∏´ ]cn-Wm-a-Øns‚
XXz-hpw cl-kyhpw Chn-sS-bmWv
InS-°p-∂-Xv. Pohn-X-Øn-s‚bpw ac-
W-Øn-s‚bpw i‡n-Iƒ XΩn¬
\S-°p∂ \nc-¥-c-am-b- k-a-c-Øns‚
X≈¬ BWv Pohn-°p-∂-hsc \nc-
¥cw ac-W-Øn¬ \n∂pw \oßm
t\m ac-W-tØmSv ASp-∏n-°mt\m
klm-bn-°p-∂-Xv. hn]p-e-amb ]-cn-
Wm-a-]-In-b-bpsS cwKØv AkvXn-
Xz-Øns‚ KpW-\n-e-hmcw H∂p-In¬
sa®-s∏-Sp-Itbm As√-¶n¬ A[x-
]-Xn-°p-Itbm Bhpw ew. ( Rev-elation Rationality Knowledge andTruth t]Pv: 180-˛182)
A]-Imcw, ]cn-Wm-a-Øns‚
Nme-I-i-‡n-I LS-I-ß-fmWv \
jvShpw timj-Whpw ac-Whpw.
Hcm-fpsS \nb-¥-W-Øn-∂-Xo-X-amb
]Ir-Xn-tIm]ß-ƒ, A]-I-S-߃
t]mse-bp-≈-htbm a\p-jys‚ Ic-
ß-fm¬ hcp-Øn-sh-°p∂ A]-I-S-
ßtfm a‰p A]-I-S-ßtfm Bbn-
s°m-≈s´ CØcw am\p-jnI \ne-
hm-c-Øn-ep≈ bmX-\-I-fpsS ]
iv\w hni-Zo-I-cn-t°-≠-Xp-≠v.
CkvemanI hnizm-k-]-Imcw
ssZhw amX-amWv kzbw-`q-hm-bn-´p-
≈Xv. AXn-\m¬ Bt]-£n-I-ambn
a‰p-≈-Xns\ Bi-bn-®p-\n¬°p∂
am\p-jn-I-XeØn¬ ˛ tIh-e-amb
Xocp-am-\-tam, tIh-e-amb kzX-t¥
—tbm D≠m-Im-h-X-√. ap≥Iq´n
\n›-bn-°-s∏´ kzmX-¥y-Øns‚
]cn[n hsc amXta a\p-jy\v hnth-
N-\-i‡n D]-tbm-Kn-°m≥ ]‰q.
AXn-\-∏pdw a\p-jy≥ Xs‚ \nb-
¥-W-Øn-\-Xo-X-amb Imcy-ß-fpsS
Imcp-Wy-am-i-bn-°p∂p. AXn-\m¬
a\p-jys‚ bmX\ H∂p-In¬ kzbw
hcp-Øn-sh-°p-∂tXm ]Ir-Xn-Zp-c-
¥w, A]-ISw XpS-ßnb _mly-kw-
-h-ß-fm¬ A-Sn-t®¬∏n-°-s∏- tXm
Bbn-cn-°pw. F∂n-cn-°-epw, Xs‚
]hr-Øn-bpsS A\-¥-c-^-e-Øn\v
a\p-jys\ Xo¿®-bmbpw «mLn-°m-
t\m, Ip‰-s∏-Sp-Ømt\m ]‰p-I-bn-√.
]cn-W-X-amb Ah-ÿ-Iƒ°v FÆ-
a‰ Imc-W-߃ D≠m-hmw. Ckv
emanI hnizm-k-]Imcw ssZh-Øn-
\-√msX a‰m¿°pw hn[n-I-ev]n-°m-
\p≈ Ah-Im-i-an-√. Ckvem-anI
ho£-W-Øn¬ Cu uan-I-Po-hnXw
"Zdp¬ C_vØnem' AYhm ]co-£-
W-ß-fp-sSbpw kºm-Zy-Øns‚bpw
temI-am-Wv. ]c-temIw "Zmdp¬
Pkm' AYhm bYm¿∞ ]Xn-^-e-
Øns‚ ÿe-am-Wv. AXn¬ A\p-
Kr-lo Xmh-ÿbpw AX-√m-ØXpw
s]Spw. hnip≤ Jp¿B≥ ]d-bp-∂p.
""a\p-jy-\m-Is´ ˛ Xs‚ \m
Y≥ Ahs\ ]co-£n-°p-Ibpw
Aßs\ Ahs\ _lp-am-\n-°p-
Ibpw Ah\v A\p-Klw \evIp-
Ibpw sNbvXm¬ Ah≥ ]dbpw:
""Fs‚ \mY≥ Fs∂ BZ-cn-®n-cn-
°p-∂p.''
""F∂m¬ Ah≥ Ahs\ (a-
\p-jy-s\) ]co-£n-°p-Ibpw Ah
s‚ Pohn-X-hn-`hw Ah≥ Np-cp-°p-
Ibpw sNbvXm¬, At∏mƒ Ah≥
]dbpw: ""Fs‚ \mY≥ Fs∂ A-
]-am-\n-®n-cn-°p-∂p.'' (89:16, 17).
F∂m¬ kwKXn C-X-s√∂v
ASpØ kq‡w ]dbp∂p. c≠-h-
ÿ-Ifpw Hcp ]co-£-W-am-Wv, tem
I-Ønse as‰√m Imcy-ß-sf-t∏m-
se, thZ-\-bp-sSbpw bmX-\-bpsS
Ah-ÿ-Iƒ Hcp kqN-\-bm-Wv.
Xs‚ Zni amt‰-W-sa∂v a\p-jys\
Hm¿Ω-s∏-Sp-Øp-I-bm-Wv. ]hr-Øn-I-
fn¬ Xncp-ج Bh-iy-am-sW∂v
A-\p-kva-cn-∏n-°p-I-bm-Wv. Aßs\
AsXm-c-\p-Klam-bn-Øn-cn-t™-
°mw. A√mlp hn. Jp¿-B-\n¬ ]d-
bp∂p:
""Xo¿®-bmbpw \n\°v apºp-
≠m-bn-cp∂ kap-Zm-b-ß-fn-te°v
\mw (Zq-X-∑m-sc) Ab-®n-´p -≠v.
At∏mƒ \mw Ahsc (k-Xy-\n-tj-
[n-I-sf) hnj-a-X-I-fpw Zpcn-X-ßfpw
sIm≠v thZ-\n-∏n®p; Ah¿ hn\-b-
ap-≈-h-cm-bn-Øo-cp-∂-Xn-\p-th-≠n.''
(6:43)
ho≠pw kqdx-_-J-d-bn¬ A√m
lp ]d-bp∂p:
""Aev]-sams° `bw, hni-∏v,
467
36 kXyZqX≥
[\-\-jvSw, Poh-\-jvSw, e-\-jvSw,
F∂n-h-bneqsS \n›-b-ambpw \mw
\nßsf ]co-£n-°p-∂-Xm-Wv.- R-
߃°v h√ B]Øpw t\cn-Sp-
tºmƒ (]cn-`-an-°m-sX) "\n›-b-
ambpw R߃ A√m-lp-hn-\p-≈-
hcpw Ah-¶-te°p Xs∂ aS-ßp-∂-
h-cp-am-Ip-∂p. F∂p ]d-bp∂ kl-
\-io-e¿°v \o kphm¿Ø-b-dn-bn-°p-
I.'' (2: 156 ˛ 158)
hmKvZ-Ø akolv (A) ]d-
bp∂p:
""CØ-c-Øn-ep≈ kz`m-h-Øn-
\mWv kl-\-ioew F∂p ]d-bp-∂-
Xv. CXp-X-s∂-bmWv ssZth-jvS-
Øn\p h-gßpI F∂p ]d-bp-∂-
Xpw. as‰mcp ]Im-c-Øn¬, Cu
k¬Kp -W-Øn\p \oXn -[¿Ωw
F∂pw ]d-bmw. Fs¥-∂m¬, a\p-
jy\v Ah s‚ Pohn-X-Im-e-a-Xbpw
lnX-Imcyw sNbvXp-sIm-Sp-°p-Ibpw
Ahs‚ CjvS-a-\p-k-cn®v kl-tkm-
]nIm-cy-߃ shfn-s∏-Sp-Øn-s°m-Sp-
°p-Ibpw Ah\p IW-°m-°m≥
Ign-bmØ hÆw A\p-K-l-߃
\evIp-Ibpw sNbvXn-cn-°p-∂p k¿
∆m-[n-I¿Øm-hmb ssZhw Xs‚ C
jvSw A\p-k-cn-∏n-°p-∂-Xn\p C—n-
°p-tºmƒ a\p-jy≥ ssh apJyw
Im´p-Ibpw Xncp-hp-≈-Øn\p Iogv
hW-ßmsX apdp-ap-dp-°p-Ibpw am¿
§-hy-Xn-N-e-\-Øn\v apXn-cp-Ibpw
sNøp-I-sb-∂Xv tIhew \oXn-hn-cp-
≤-am-bn-cn-°p-∂-XmWv'' (Ckvemw
aX XØz⁄m\w t]Pv 98). ]co-
£W L´-Øn¬ \nc-¥cw ]b-
Xv\n-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂-h-tcm-Sv-A-
√mlp hmKvZm\w sNbvXn-cn-°p∂p:
""Rß-fp-sS- \mY≥ A√m-lp--
hm-sW∂p ]d-bp-Ibpw F∂n v ÿn
c-Nn-Ø-cmbn \ne-sIm-≈p-Ibpw sN
bvX-h-cmtcm Ah-cp-sS-b-Sp-°¬ ae-
°p-Iƒ Cdßpw (B ae-°p-Iƒ
]d-bpw), "\n-߃ `b-s∏-tS-≠, hy
k-\n-°p-Ibpw th≠. \n߃°v
hmKvZm\w sNø-s∏-´n-cp∂ kz¿§w
e`n-®-Xn¬ k¥p-jvS-cm-hp-I.
""sFln-I-Po-hn-X-Ønepw ]c-
tem-IØpw R߃ \nß-fpsS anX-
ß-fm-Wv. \nß-fpsS a\ v BK-ln-
°p-∂-sX√mw \n߃°v AhnsS
(kz¿§-Øn¬) e`n-°pw. \nß-fm-h-
iy-s∏-Sp-∂-sX√mw \n߃°-hnsS
D≠m-Ipw.''
"hf-sc-b-[nIw s]mdp-°p∂-
h\pw Icp-Wm-a-b-\p-amb (A-√m-lp)-
hn¬ \n∂p≈ k¬°m-c-hn-`-hw.'
Hcp-hn-[-Øn-e-s√-¶n¬ as‰mcp
hn[-Øn-ep≈ ]iv\-߃ sIm≠pw
bmX-\-Iƒ sIm≠pw \nc-¥-c-ambn
`mcw Npa-Ø-s∏-Sp∂ Hcmƒ°v sF
ln-I-tem-IØv kwXr-]vXnbpw kz¿
§hpw Is≠-Øm≥ Ign-bp-∂-sX-ß-
s\-sb∂ Hcp tNmZyw kzm`m-hn-I-
ambpw D¤-hn-t®-°mw. BZy-ambn
\mw Adn-tb-≠Xv Ah A\p-K-l-
ß-fm-sW-∂-Xm-Wv. Hcmsf ]co-£n-
°p-hm\pw Abm-fpsS hnizmkw
Du´n-bp-d-∏n-°p-∂-Xn-∂pamWv Xm\n-
Xn\v Imc-W-am-°p-∂-sX∂v A√m
lp hnip≤ Jp¿-B-\n¬ hy‡-
ambn ]kvXm-hn-°p-∂p. C-Øcw
]co-£-W-߃ HcmfpsS hnizm-k-
Øns‚ AKm-[X ImWn-°m\pw
kz`m-h-Øns‚ alXzw a\- n-em-
°m-\p-ap≈ Ah-kcw krjvSn-°p-
∂p. CØcw ]co-£-W-߃ £a-
tbmSpw kl-\-tØmSpw t\cn-Sp-I-
bm-sW-¶n¬ Cl-tem-IØpw ]c-
tem-IØpw A√m-lp-hns‚ ]Xn-
^ew e`n-°p-∂p. A√mlp hnip≤
Jp¿-B-\n¬ ]d-bp∂p:
""\nß-fn¬ \n∂v (A-√m-lp-
hns‚ am¿§-Øn¬) "PnlmZv' sNøp-
∂-h-scbpw ÿnc-Nn-Ø-cmb Bfp-
I-sfbpw th¿Xn-cn-®-dn-bp-Ibpw \n
ß-fpsS bYm¿∞ \ne a\- n-em-
hp-Ibpw sNøp-∂Xp-hsc \mw \nß
sf ]co-£n-°pI Xs∂ sNøpw.''
(47: 32)
Pohn-X-bmX hfsc Ffp-∏-Øn-
\p-th≠n Dt±-in-°-s∏´Xs√∂v A-
√mlp hnip≤ Jp¿-B-\n¬ hy‡-
am-°n-bn-´p-≠v. A√mlp ]d-bp∂p:
""\mw a\p-jys\ krjvSn-®Xv
bmX-\-Iƒ t\cn-Sm-\mWv'' (90:5).
]co-£-W-߃ t\cn-Sp-tºmƒ hne-
]n-°p-Itbm \ncm-i-s∏-Sp-Itbm sN
ø-cp-Xv. Aßs\ sNøp-∂Xv Zu¿_-
ey-Øns‚ kqN-\bpw A√mlp
hnt\m-Sp≈ IrX-Lv\-X-bp-am-Wv. Xn-
cp-\_n (k) ]d-™n-´p≠v:
""Hcp- apkvenan\v PohnXw apgp-
h≥ \∑-bm-Wv. Hcp bYm¿∞ hn
izm-kn-b-√msX a‰mcpw Xs∂ Cß-
s\-bp≈ ]Zhn Is≠-Øp-I-bn-√.
Fs¥-∂m¬ Hcp hnizmkn hnPbw
ssIhcn°pI-bm-sW-¶n¬ Abmƒ
A√m-lp-hn\v IrX-⁄X tcJ-s∏-
Sp-Øp-∂p. A-t∏mƒ Ah-\n¬ \n∂p
IqSp-X¬ A\p-K-l-߃°v A
bmƒ ]mXo-`q-X-\m-hp-∂p. t\tc-a-
dn-®v, Abmƒ thZ-\bpw bmX-\bpw
A\p-`-hn-°p-tºm-ƒ Abmƒ kl
\w ssIs°m-≈p-∂p. At∏mgpw
Abmƒ ssZh-Øns‚ A\p-K-l-
߃°v A¿l-\m-bn-Øo-cp-∂p.''
c≠mw Jeo-^(-d) ]d-™-sX
X kXy-amWv!
""`mc-߃ Ft∏mgpw `mc-ß-
f√'' ]kn-≤-\mb Hcp Ata-cn-°≥
Fgp-Øp-Im-c≥ Cu kXyw G‰p ]d-
™n-´p-≠v. F√m Hmtcm hnj-a-
Ønepw XØp-ey-amb A-s√-¶n¬
AXn-ep-]-cn-bmb t\´-Øns‚ _o
Pw AS-ßn-bn-cn-°p-∂p. Hmtcm hnj-
a-Ønepw Hcmƒ°v Fs¥-¶nepw t\
´w Is≠-Øm\pw ssIh-cn-bv°m
\pw km[n-°pw. At±lw FgpXn:
""Fs‚ hgn-bn¬ IS-∂p-h-∂
]-bm-k-ß-tfmSv Rm≥ \µn--bp-≈-h-
\m-Wv. Fs¥-∂m¬ Ahsb-s∂,
kln-jvWp-Xbpw kl-Xm-]hpw B
fl-\n-b-¥-W-hpw, \nc-¥c ]b-
Xv\hpw Rm≥ Hcn-°epw Adn-bm-
\n-S-bn-√mØ a‰p \∑-Ifpw ]Tn-
∏n®p''
Ign™ \q‰m-≠nse ]Ir--Xn-
im-kvX-⁄-\mbncp∂ Nmƒkv
Um¿hns‚ BtcmKyw tami-am-bn-cp-
∂p. ]t£, B Ahÿ At±lw
468
372006 \hw-_¿
icn°pw D-]-tbm-K-s∏-SpØn. At±
lw ]d™p:
""Rm≥ tcmKm-h-ÿ-bn-em-bn-cp-
∂n-s√-¶n¬ Ct∏mƒ Rm≥ sN
bvXX tPmen sNøp-am-bn-cp-∂n-√.''
sshj-ay-߃ t\cn-Sp-Ibpw
Imcy-߃ t\sc sNms∆ \S-°m-
Xn-cn-°p-Ibpw hy‡n-Xm¬]-cy-߃
s°-Xn-cmbn Imcy-߃ \oßpIbpw
sNøp-tºmƒ £a ssIs°m-≈W-
sa∂v hnip≤ Jp¿-B≥ A\p-im-kn-
°p-∂p. \ncm-i-s∏-Sp-Itbm A\¿
l-ambn Bim-`w-K-Øn-e-I-s∏-Sp-I
tbm sNø-cp-Xv. Pohn-X-Øns‚ sIm
Sp-¶m-‰n-∂n-S-bn¬ kz¿§-Øns‚ am
[pcyw B-kz-Zn-°m≥ a\p-jy\v km
[n-°p-∂Xv At∏mƒ amX-am-Wv.
Zu¿`m--Ky-߃ A\n-hm-cy-am-Wv.
Ah kln-bv°m\pw Ah-bp-ambn
£a-tbmSpw hnP-b-]-Z-ambpw Xm
Zmflyw ]m]n-°m\pw \mw ]Tn-°-
Ww. Pohn-X-Øns‚ ][m-\-s∏´
AXm-bXv A`n-]m-b-`n-∂-X-Isf
kw_-‘n®v hn[n Iev]n-°pI
F∂-Xm-Wv. At±lw AZvem-bn-cn-
°p-sa∂p ]d-™p-sIm≠v At±-l-
Øns‚ hn[n -I -sf√mw kXy -
Øn∂pw \oXn°pw tbmPn-®-Xm-bn-
cn-°psa∂pw ]Im-in-∏n-°-s∏-´n-cn-
°p-∂p. CXns‚ kmcw At±-l-
Øns‚ BK-a-\-Im-eØv \_n Xn-
cp -ta-\n -bpsS DΩ-Øn-∂n-S -bn¬
hºn® A`n-]mb hyXym-k-ß-fp-
≠m-Ip-sa∂pw At±lw Ah-sb-∏-
‰n-sb√mw \ym-b-amb hn[n Iev]n-
°p-sa-∂p-amWv. akolv auDu-Zns‚
AS-bm-f-ßsf kw_-‘n®pw A`n-
]m-b-hy-Xym-k-ap-≈-Xp-sIm≠v,
Xs‚ AS-bm-f-ambn Icp-X-s∏-´n-
´p≈ hnhn[ cnhm-bvØp-Isf kw_-
‘n®pw l°apw AZvep-sa∂ \ne-
bn¬ At±lw hn[n I¬]nt°
≠Xpw Ah-bn¬ NneXv sX‰pw
NneXv icn-bp-am-sW∂v ÿm]n-t°-
≠Xpw AXym-h-iy-am-Wv. IjvSw!
akolv auDuZv l°apw A-Zvep-am-
sW∂v hniz-kn-°p-∂-h-cm-bn- p-Iq-Sn-
bpw, a‰p apl-±n-ko-߃°v A\p-h-
Zn-®p-sIm-Sp-°p-∂Xv t]mse-sb-¶n
epw Nne cnhm-b-Øp-Iƒ _e-lo-
\-ß-fm-sW∂pw NneXv i‡n-bp-≈-
Xm-sW∂pw hn[n Iev]n-°m-\p≈
]Zhn \n߃ A-t±-l-Øn\v \¬Ip-
∂n√! apl-±n-ko-ßsf (l-Zo-kns‚
Cam-ap-I-sf) kw_-‘n-®v, Ah¿°v
Ah-cpsS Adn-hns\ Bkv]-Z-am-°n-
s°m≠v Nne cnhm-b-Øp-Isf _e-
lo-\hpw icn-b-√m-Ø-Xp-am-°m\pw
Nne-Xns\ _e-ap-≈Xpw icn-bp-am-
°m\pw A[n-Im-c-ap-s≠∂v \n߃
kΩ-Xn-°p-∂p. \n߃ C∂p-hsc
Ah-cpsS Cu hn[n-bpsS apºn¬
]hr-Ønbm¬ Xe Ip\n-®p-sIm-≠n-
cn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂p. F∂m¬
A√m-lp-hn-¶¬ \n∂v aAvaqdmbn
htc-≠Xpw l°apw AZvep-am-bn-cn-
°p-sa∂v ]d-b-s∏-´n-´p≈Xpamb
Bƒ°v icnbpw sX-‰p-amb cnhm-b-
Øp-I-sfbpw _e-hØpw _e-lo-
\-hp-amb cnhm-b-Øp-I-sfbpw kw
_-‘n®v hn[n-]-d-bm-\p≈ Ah-
Imiw kΩ-Xn-°m\pw At±lØn-
s‚ B hn[n-sb kzoI-cn-°m\pw
\n߃ Hcp-°-an√!
Btem-N-\m-iq-\y-X-bm-Wn-Xv.
akolv auDuZv \nß-fpsS F√m-
cnhm-b-Øp-I-fp-sSbpw Iqºm-cw
kzoI-cn -°p-Ibpw tIhew Hcp
injy-s\-t∏mse aue-hn-am-cpsS
apºn¬ ap´p-Ip-Øn-\n-ev°p-Ibpw
GsX-¶nepw au-e-hn-bp-sStbm apl-
±n-kn-s‚tbm A`n-]m-b-Øn∂pw
Kth-jWØn-∂p-sa-Xn-cmbn Hc-£-
chpw Dcn-bm-Sm-Xn-cn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-
I-bm-sW-¶n¬ At±lw l°apw
AZvepw BIp-∂-sX-ßs\? At±-l-
Øns‚ BK-a\w sIm≠p≈
]tbm-P-\-sa¥v? akolv auDuZv
hcp-∂Xv Nne-t∏mƒ Hcp aue-hn-
bpsS ]mZ-ß-fn¬ Ipºn-Sm\pw Nne-
t∏mƒ as‰m-cm-fpsS apºn¬ ap´p-Ip-
Øp-hm\pw Nne-t∏mƒ aq∂m-a-sXm-
cm-fpsS apºmsI ssIsI´n \n¬
°m-\p-am-sW∂pw B auehn ti
jvT-∑m-cpsS A`n-]m-b-Øn-s∂-Xn-cm
bn Hc-£cw t]mep-ap-cn-bm-Sm≥ A
t±-l-Øn\v A[n-Im-c-ap-≠m-bn-cn-°-
bn-s√∂pw BtWm \n߃ hniz-
kn-°p-∂Xv? Atlm, IjvSw! \nß-
fpsS lrZ-b-߃ ac-hn-®p-t]m-bn-cn-
°p∂p! \nß-fpsS IÆp-Iƒ°v
ImgvN-bn-√m-sX-bm-bn-cn-°p∂p!!
(28 ˛mw t]Pn¬ \n∂v XpS¿®)
th≠n Xs‚ Du¿÷w apgp-h≥
sNe-h-gn-°p-Ibpw ]cm-P-b-Øns‚
Ibv]p-\o¿ amXw IpSn-t°≠n hcn-
Ibpw sNbvX sImSn--Øq¿°m-c-\mb
Hcp ]K¬` apPm-lnZp ]fin-X-≥
""A¬ Pam-AØv'' AlvaZnøm Pam-
A-Øm-sW∂p G‰p-]-d-™n-´p-≠v.)
(32 ˛mw t]Pn¬ \n∂v XpS¿®) °p≈ DK≥ adp-]-Sn-bmWv ""hnNn-
¥\w'' \¬Inbn´p-≈-Xv. AYhm
""BscX ]cn-i-an-®mepw Cu ]h-
N-\-Øns‚ ]pe¿®-s°m-c-dpXn
Akm-[y-amWv'' B ]h-N\w ]pe
¿∂p ImWp∂ "A¬Pam-AØn'
te°v "hnNn-¥\'°mscbpw kzmK
Xw sNøp-∂p.
bp≤-ß-fn¬ H∂m-Wn-Xv. AXn¬
a\p-jy≥ hnP-b-im-en-bmbn ]pd-
Øp-h-c-Ww. Zpcn-X-߃ I≠v Zp¿∫-
e-cm-h-cp-Xv. Ccp-≠-cm-Xn-bn¬ kz
`mhw i‡n-s∏-Sp-Øm≥ Dd® Xocp-
am-\-sa-Sp-°p-I. F]-Im-c-amtWm
ITn-\-sh-bn-ep≈ ]I¬ Ign-®p-Iq-
´p-∂-Xv, A-Xp-t]mse. (Xp-S-cpw)
(Review of Religions, September,2004)hnh: sI.-hn. l ≥tImb
Cu ""A¬ Pam-AØv'' Xß-fm-
sW∂v Alv-aZnIƒ°-√msX a‰m¿
°pw Ah-Im-i-s∏-Sm≥ t]mepw Ign-
bn-√. Cßns\ dkq¬(-k)-bpsS
F√m KpUv k¿´n- n-°‰pw AlvaZn-
ø -Øns‚ ta¬ e`n -°p -∂Xp
sIm≠v ta¬]-d™ lZokv Zp¿∫-
e-sa∂p hcp-Øm≥ ian-°p-∂-h¿
469
38 kXyZqX≥
2006 HIvtSm-_¿ 9˛mw XnøXn
DØ-c-sIm-dnb \S-Ønb AWp-hn-
kvt^m-S\w temI-sØ-bm-I-am\w
kw`o-X-am-°p-Ibpw BtKmf \yq¢n-
b¿ i‡n k¥p-e-\-XzsØ XInSw
adn-°p-Ibpw sNbvXn-cn -°p-∂p.
AWzm-bp[ \n¿hym-]-\-°-cm¿ Im
‰n¬ ]c-Øn-s°m≠v DØ-c-sIm-dnb
ImWn® Cu AXn-km-l-kn-IX
]£p-_v[hpw hn\m-i-I-c-hp-amb
AWzm-bp[ a’-c-Øn-te°v temI
sØ ho≠pw- X≈n hnSp-sa∂v `b-
s∏-tS-≠n-bn-cn-°p-∂p. hS°≥ sIm
dnb \yq¢nb¿ t_mw_v kz-¥-am-°p-
∂-tXmsS Ah-cpsS iXp-cm-Py-
sa∂v Icp-Xn-h-cp∂ Ab¬ cmPy-
ßfmb P∏ms‚bpw Z£n-W-sIm-
dn-b-bp-sSbpw a‰p cmPy-ß-fp-tSbpw
kao-]-\-sa-¥m-bn-cn-°pw? \yq¢n-b¿
t_mw_v ssIh-i-an-√mØhcmWv
Cu cmPy-߃. sImdn-bsb Xn∑-
bpsS A®p-X≠n ¬ (Evil Axis - a‰pcmPy-߃ Cdm-Jv, Cdm≥) s]´ Hcp
cmPy-ambn ]Jym-]n® Ata-cn-°-
bpsS `mhn-]-cn-]m-Sn-sb-¥m-bn-cn
°pw? sImdnb temIØv krjvSn®
]Xn-k‘n Zqc-hym-]-I-amb ]Xym-
Lm-X-ß-fp-≠m-°p-∂-Xm-Wv.
Cu Ah-k-c-Øn¬ hmKvZØv
akolv lZvdØv AlvaZv \qdp-h¿
jw apºv (1904) sImdn-b-sb-∏‰n
bp≠mb Hcp ssZhnI shfn-]mSv
A\p-kva-cn-°p-∂Xv A-h-k-tcm-Nn-X-
am-bn-cn-°p-sa∂v Icp-Xp-∂p.
"GIv aivcnJn -Xzm-JØv sIm
dnbm Im \mkqIv lmeØv'
"Hcp ]uc-kvXy -i-‡nbpw
sImdn-b-bpsS Zp¿L-S-ÿn-Xnbpw'
F∂-Xm-bn-cp∂p B shfn-]m-Sv.
temI-`q-]-S-Øn¬ Bcmepw i
≤n-°-s∏-SmsX ssN\-bpsS i-co-c-
Øn¬ \n∂pw P∏m\v A`n-ap-J-ambn
X≈n-\n-ev°p∂ Hcp sIm®p-Z-i-
t]mse im¥-k-ap-Z-Øn¬ \ne-sIm-
≠n-cp-∂ sImdnb Ign™ Hcp \q‰m-
≠n-∂p-≈n¬ ]uc-kvXy-i-‡n-bmb
ssN\-bpsS km∂n-≤y-Øn¬ temI-
N-cn-X-Øn¬ ]£p-_v[-amb ]e
cmjvSob ]Xn-k-‘n-I-fp-tSbpw
F∏nIv sk‚-dmbn Xo¿∂Xv Cu
shfn-]m-Sns‚ shfn-®-Øn¬ Hcp
hnkva-b-ambn Ah-ti-jn-°p∂p.
]ucm-Wn-I-ambn ssN\-bpsS
Hcp kma-¥-cm-Py-am-bn-cp∂ sImdnb
djy-bp-ambn 18 In. ao‰¿ amXw
AXn¿Øn ]¶n-Sp∂ Hcp cmPyw
IqSn-bm-Wv. djy-bpw, im¥-k-ap-Z-
Øn¬ ASpØv Xs∂ InS-°p∂
Zzo]mb P∏m\pw sImdn-bsb A[o-
\-s∏-Sp-Øm≥ Ncn-X-Øn-ep-S-\ofw
ian-®n-´p-≠v. ]sØm-ºXmw \q-‰m-
≠n¬ bqtdm-∏n¬ tZio-bX Db¿
∂p h∂ ImeØv Gjy-bnse G‰-
hpw henb kmam-Py-Xz-i‡n P∏m-
\m-bn-cp-∂p. 1876-˛¬ sImdn-b-bpsS
Xpd-ap-J-߃ ta[m-hn-Xz-tØmsS
D]-tbm-Kn-®n-cp∂ P∏m-t\mSv a’-
cn®v djybpw A-ta-cn-°-bpw Nne
bqtdm-]y≥ cmPy-ß-fpw sImdn-b-bp-
ambn hym]m-c-°-cm-dp-≠m-°m≥
ian-®Xv P∏m\v H´pw ckn-®n-cp-∂n-
√. 1894, 1895 h¿j-ßfn¬ sImdn-
bsbs®m√n ssN\tbmSpw djy-
tbmSpw P∏m≥ bp≤w sNøp-Ibpw
hnP-bn-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp. AtXmsS
P∏m≥ Gjy-bnse tNmZyw sNøm-
\m-ImØ km am-Py-Xz-i-‡n-bmbn
AwKo-I-cn-°-s∏-´p. ssN\-bpsS
AJ-fi-`q-hn-`m-K-amb sImdnbsb
P∏m≥ ]n ∂oSv F√m A¿∞-
Ønepw Hcp tIm f-\n-bm-°n am‰n.
P∏ms‚ Iogn¬ sImdnb `uXn-I-
ambn ]ptcm-K-an-®p-sh-¶nepw Iqc-
amb P∏m≥ kmam-Py-Xz-Øn\p
Iogn¬ Ah¿ ho¿∏pap-´p-I-bm-bn-cp-
∂p. C¥y-sb-t∏mse Ccp-]Xmw
\q‰m≠ns‚ XpS-°-Øn¬ H∂mw
temI alm-bp-≤-Im-eØv sImdn-b-
bn¬ kzmX-¥y-k-ac ]ÿm\-
߃ Bcw-`n-®n-cp-∂p. i‡cmb
P∏m≥ Iqc-ambn AXv ASn-®-
a¿Øn. ]n∂oSv 1945\p c≠mw temI-
a-lm-bp-≤-Øn¬ P∏m≥ ]cm-P-b-s∏-
-tXmsS hS°v djybpw sX°v At-
a-cn-°bpw sImdn-bsb ]¶n-s´-Sp-
Øp. Ah-km\w 38-˛mw A£mw-i-
tc-Jsb B[m-c-am°n sImdn-bsb
sX°pw hS-°p-ambn hn -Pn-®p. djy-
bpsS ]n¥p-W-tbmsS Inw C¬
kpßv (Kim Ill Sung)s‚ Iayq-WnÃv
`c-Whpw Ata-cn-°-bpsS ]n--¥p-W-
tbmsS knßvam≥ do (SyngmanRhee) bpsS t\Xr-Xz-Øn¬ Z£n-W-
sIm-dn-bbpw \ne-hn¬ h∂p. ]n
∂oSv ioX-bp-≤-Im-eØv bpt≤m-’p-
I-amb AXn¿ Øn-I-fp≈ c≠v A]-
I-S-Im-cn-I-fmb cmPy-ß-fmbn Ccp-
sIm-dn-bbpw amdn.
ioX-bp-≤-Im-esØ im‡nI
InS-a-’-c-Øn¬ G‰hpw oXn-P-\-I-
amb Hcp kw`-h--ambncp∂p. 1950-˛53
Ifnse DØc Z£nW sImdn-b-Iƒ
XΩnep≈ bp≤w. sImdn-b≥ bp≤w
Hcp BtKmf ]Xn-k-‘n-bmbn hf-
apkm-^nÀ
sImdn-bm ]Xn-k‘n
470
392006 \hw-_¿
cp-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p. Hcp BtKmf bp≤-
Øns‚ ]cn-th-j-tØmsS Ac-tß-
dnb sImdn-b≥ bp≤w ]sØm-ºXv
cm-Py-߃ ]s¶-SpØ Hcp sN-dnb
temI alm-bp≤w Xs∂-bm-bn-cp-
∂p. 1950 Pq¨ 25\v djy-bp-tSbpw
ssN\-bp-tSbpw cl-ky-]n-¥p-W-
tbm-sS, sImdn-b≥ AXn¿Øn-bmb
38-˛mw A£mwi tcJ DØ-c-sIm-
dnb IS-∂m-I-an-°p-Ibpw sRmSn-bn-
S-°p-≈n¬ Z£n-W-sIm-dn-bsb Iog-
S-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp. DS≥ Xs∂
Ata-cn-°-bpsS t\Xr-Xz-Øn¬ sF
Iy-cmjvSk`mc£m-k-anXn-bn¬
sImdn-b-s°-Xnsc ]tabw sIm≠p
h-∂p. ]tabw djy-bpsS A`m-h-
Øn¬ FXn¿∏n-√msX ]m m-bn.
]tabw ]mkm-hm≥ AXm-bXv
bp. F≥ c£m-k-an-Xn-bn¬ djy-
bpsS km∂n[yw C√m-Xm-hm≥
Akm-[m-c-W-amb Hcp kml-Ncyw
D≠m-bn-cp-∂p. AXns‚ Npcp°w
C]-Im-c-am-Wv. c≠mw temI-a-lm-
bp-≤-Øn\v tijw Pnbmßv Io
sjbv°ns‚ Ipan-¥mßv I£n-bm-
bn-cp-∂p ssN\-bn¬ A[n-Im-c-Øn-
ep-≠m-bn-cp-∂-Xv. 1949¬ "ssN\-bn¬
djy-bpsS ]n¥p-W-tbmsS Iqan-¥m-
ßns\ A´n-a-dn®v amthm sk Xp
ßns‚ t\Xr-Xz-Øn¬ hnπhw Ac-
tß-dp-Ibpw Iayq-WnÃv c-W-IqSw
A[n-Im-c-Øn¬ hcn-Ibpw sNbvXp.
KXy-¥-c-an -√msX Pnbmßv Io
sjbvIv ssN\m alm-cm-Py-Øn\p
sXm´p-In-S-°p∂ Xmbv hm\n¬
(t^m¿tamk Zzo]v) A`bw tXSp-
Ibpw AhnsS Hcp kam -¥c
k¿°m¿ cq]o-I-cn-°p-Ibpw AXn\v
"dn∏-ªn°v Hm v ssN\' F∂v \ma-
I-cWw sNøp-Ibpw sNbvXp. temI-
Ønse G‰hpw P\-kw-Jy-bp≈
cmPy-amb ssN\sb ]Xn-\n-[o-I-cn-
®Xv Cu sIm®p Zzo]m-bn-cp-∂p.
CXn¬ ]Xn-tj-[n®p djy sFIy-
cmjvS k`-bpsS kpc-£m-k-anXn
_ln-jv°-cn®p. Cu Ime-L-´-Øn-
em-bn-cp∂ Ata-cn-°-bpsS t\Xr-Xz-
Øn¬ sImdn-b-s°-Xnsc ]tabw
]mkm-b-Xv. ]tabw 38-˛mw A£mw
itcJ-bn-te°v aS-ßp-hm≥ D-Ø-c-
sIm-dn-b-tbmSv B⁄m-]n-®p. ]ta-
b-Øn¬ DØ-c-sIm-dn-b-s°-Xnsc
bp≤w sNøm-\p≈ Blzm-\ap≠m-
bn-cp-∂n-√. ]t£, Ata-cn° Ah-
kcw apX-se-SpØv 18 cmPy-ßsf
tN¿Øv DØ-c-sIm-dnbs°Xnsc
P∏m-\n¬ \n∂pw AI-a-am-cw-`n-®p.
sX°≥ sImdnb Xncn®p ]nSn® bp.-
F≥. tk\ DØ-c-sIm-dn -bsb
]nt∂m -Sn-∏n-®p. Ata-cn-°≥ ]kn-
U≠v Sqam≥ ssN\-bpsS AXn¿
Øn-te°v DØ-c-sIm-dn-b≥ ssk
\ysØ B´n-∏m-bn-°m≥ DØ-c-hn-
Sp-Ibpw sNbvXp. Cu kµ¿ -Øn¬
ssN\ bp≤-Øn¬ t\cn-´n-S-s∏-Sp-
sa∂p oj-Wn-ap-g-°p-Ibpw ssN\-
bpsS ]q¿Æ kl-I-c-W-tØmsS
DØ-c-sIm-dn-b≥ ]´mfw bp.-F≥.
tk\ \ne-bp-d-∏n® ]tZiw Xncn-
®p-]n-Sn-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp. Ah-km
\w aq∂v h¿-jsØ ]c-kv]cw bp≤-
Øn∂p-tijw djy sFIy-cm-jvS-
k`bn¬ CS-s]´v 1953 Pqsse 23\v
k-am-[m\ k‘n-bp-≠m-°p-I-bm-bn-
cp-∂p. sF Iy-cm-jvS-k- -bpsS Ac-
e£w S-∑m¿ sIm√-s∏´ Cu bp≤-
Øn¬ sImdn-b°v c≠-c-e£w
t]sc-bmWv \jvS-s∏-´-Xv. AXn-\p-
]p-dta Af-h‰ [\-\-jvShpw. c≠mw
temI-a-lm-bp-≤-Øn-\p-tijw, tem
Iw A`n-ap-Jo-I-cn® Hcp BtKm
fbp≤ ]-Xn-k-‘n-bm-bn-cp∂p CXv.
amX-a√, ]gb eoKv Hm^v t\j
t\m, sFIycm-jvS-k-`t°m AXp-
hsc Hcp bp≤w sNbvX A\p-`-h-
hp-an-√m-bn-cp-∂p. ioX-bp-≤-Im-e
sØ aq¿≤-\y-Z-isb Ipdn-°p∂
c≠v ]uc kvXy (ssN-\bpw `mKn-
I-ambn djy-bpw) i‡n-I-fpsS K
Wy-amb ]¶m-fn-Xz-ap-≠mb Cu tem
I-kw-`hw A©p Zim-_vZ-߃°p
apºv hmKv ZØ ako-lns‚ ⁄m\-
Zr-jvSn-bn¬ an∂n-a-dn-™Xpw ]h-N-
\-`m-j-bn¬ AXv tcJ-s∏-Sp-Ø-s∏-
´Xpw A¤p-X-I-c-am-Wv.
Ct∏m-gnXm ho≠pw Hcp sImdn-
bm ]Xn-k-‘n-bn-eqsS temIw \Sp-
ßp-I-bm-Wv. 2006 HIvtSm-_¿ 9˛mw
XnøXn DØ-c-sIm-dnb \S-Ønb
BW-h-kvt^m-S-\-Øn-\p-tijw
temI-Øns‚ BWh cwKw ]£p-
_v[-am-hp-I-bm-Wv. 1968se AWzm-
bp[ \n¿hym-]-\-°-cm¿ ]Imcw
Ata-cn°, djy, -ssN\, ^m≥kv,
_n´¨ F∂o A©p cmPy-ß-fm-
bn-cp∂p BW-h-i-‡nIfmbn Aw
Ko-I-cn-°-s∏-´-Xv. Ah¿ a‰p cmPy-
ß-fn-te°v BW-h-km-t¶-Xn-I-hnZy
]I-cp-Itbm a‰p cmPy-߃ AXv
kzoI-cn-°p-Itbm sNø-cpXv F∂m-
bn-cp∂p Icm¿. ]n∂oSv Ckm-
tbepw C¥ybpw ]m°n-ÿm\pw
Cu I-cm¿ ewLn-®p-sIm≠v BWh
hnkvt^m-S\w \S-Øp-Ibpw \yq¢n-
b¿ Bbp-[-߃ \n¿Ωn-°p-Ibpw
sNbvXp. AXn-\p-tijw hf-sc-
tbsd Zqc-hym-]-I-amb ]Xym-Lm-
X-ßfp≠m°p-∂-XmWv DØ-c-sIm-
dn-b-bpsS Ct∏m-gsØ BW-h-
kvt^m-S-\w.
sImdn-b≥ kvt^mS-\-tØmsS
BW-h-k-¥p-e\w \jvS-s∏´ tem
IØv, cmPy-߃ H∂n-\p-]n-dsI
as‰m-∂mbn BW-hm-bp-[-߃
\n¿Ωn-°m≥ XpS-ßptam F∂ oXn
km¿∆-Xn-I-am-bn-cn-°-bm-Wv. ]kn-
U≠v _pjv, CdmJv Cdm≥ AS°w
DØ-c-sIm-dn-bsb Xn∑-bpsS A®p-
X≠v F∂v amX-a√ hnti-jn-∏n-®-
Xv. Ah-cpsS ]kn-U≠v Inw
tPmwßv C√ns\ ]n‹n, \oN≥
Fs∂-√m-ap≈ ]Z-ß-fp-]-tbm-Kn®v
temI-hym-I-ambn DØ-c-sIm-dn-b-
s°-Xnsc ]Nm-cWw \S-Øn-h-cn-I-
bp-am-bn-cp-∂p. kvt^mS-\Øn\p
tijw sImdn-b≥ DtZym-K-ÿ≥am¿
im¥-k-ap-Z-Ønse Ab¬cm-Py-ß-
fmb Z£n-W-sIm-dn -b, P∏m≥,
BkvtX-enb F∂o cmPy-ß-tfmSv
BWh hnkvt^m-S\w \SØn
Ata-cn-°-bpsS BW-h-kp-c£mh
e-b-Øn¬ \n∂pw Bin-X-Xz-Øn¬
\n∂pw ]pdØv hcm≥ Blzm\w
sNøp-I-bp-≠m-bn. Cdm-Jn¬ BW-
471
40 kXyZqX≥
hm-bp[- kma-Kn-I-f-pw, Iq´ \io-I-
c-Wm-bp-[-ß-fpap-s≠∂v I≈-]-Nm-
cWw \S-Ønbm-bn-cp-∂p-ht√m A
ta-cn° B cmPysØ BI-an-®-Xv.
hmkvX-h-Øn¬ Cdm-Jns‚ ssIh
iw BW-hm-bp-[-߃ D≠m-bn-cp-
∂p-sh-¶n¬ Hcn-°epw Ata-cn°
Cdm-Jns\ BI-an-°n-√m-bn-cp∂p
F∂mWv DØ-c-sIm-dn-b-bpsS \ym
bw. Ata-cn-°-bpsS Bk-∂-amb
BI-a-W-Øn¬ \n∂p≈ kpc-£
°v th≠nbmWv X߃ BW-hm-
bp-[-߃ \n¿Ωn-®n-cn°p-∂Xv F
∂mWv sIm-dn-b-bpsS Ah-Im-i-
hmZw.
`oXn-P-\-I-amb Ct∏m-gsØ
temI-cw-KsØ Ah-tem-I\w sN
bvXp-sIm≠v A¥m-cmjvS A--t‰m-
anIv F\¿Pn GP≥kn (IAEA)bpsS
ta[mhn apl-ΩZv A¬ _dmZn ]d
™ Imcyw hf-sc-tbsd it≤-b-
am-Wv. temIØv C∂v 30 cmPy-ß
ƒ°v AWzm-bp[ \n¿ΩmW tijn-
bp-≠v. Ipd-™-k-a-b-Øn-\p-≈n¬
Ah¿ °Xv \n¿Ωn-°m-\m-hpw. hnI-
knX cmPy-߃ Xß-fpsS kam-[m-
\m-h-iy-߃°p-th≠n D]-tbm-Kn-
°p∂ BW-h -km-t¶-Xn-I-hn-Zy D]-
tbm-Kn®v Ffp-∏-Øn¬ Bbp-[-ß-
fp≠m-°m-\m-hp -sa∂v At±lw
Bi¶ ]I-Sn-∏n-°p-I-bp-≠mbn.
hmkvX-h-Øn¬ B‰w-t_mw_v
\n¿ΩmW kmt¶Xn-I-hnZy 60
h¿jw ]g-°-ap≈ H∂m-Wv. 1945¬
lntcm-jn-a-bnepw \mK-km-°n-bnepw
Ata-cn° h¿jn® t_mw_v \yq¢n-
b¿ ^nj≥ (Nuclear Fission - A-
Wp-hn-J-fi-\w) kmt¶-Xn-I-hnZy
D]-tbm-Kn-®p-sIm≠p≈Xm-Wv. A
Xn-\p-tijw AXn-t\-°mƒ FX
tbm Cc´n amc-I-ti-jn-bp≈ \yq
¢nb¿ ^yqj≥ (Nuclear fussion -AWp-`mcw Ipd™ sslU-P≥
AWp-tIµßƒ kwtbm-Pn®v lo
enbw t]mse-bp≈ AWp-tIµw
D≠m-Ip∂ hnZysb ASn-ÿm-\-am-
°n -bp -≈-Xv) t_mw_p-I-fmWv
AWzm-bp[ i‡n-I-fpsS ssIøn¬
Ct∏mƒ D≈Xv. hnZyp-—‡n D¬]m-
Zn-∏n-°p-∂ mÃv _oU¿ dnbm-IvS-
dp-I-fn¬ \n∂pw e`n°p∂ kºp
jvS bptd-\nbw FXtbm hnI-knX
cmPyß-fpsS ssIøn-ep-≠v. Hcp
dnt∏m¿´v ]Imcw P∏ms‚ ssI
øn¬ Ah-cpsS BW-h- dn-bmIvSdp-
I-fn¬ \n∂pw e`n-® 40 S¨ ]vfqt´m-
Wnbw Ct∏mƒ X-s∂-bp-≠v. CXv
sIm≠v 5000 \yq¢n-b¿ t_mw_v
\n¿Ωn°masX. h¿jw tXmdpw 8
S¨ ]vfqt‰m-Wnbw P∏m\pw \yq¢n-
b¿ tÃm°n¬ Ip∂p-Iq-Sp-∂p-ap-≠v.
(Frontline - Nov. 2006) Xmc-X-tay\
Ahn-I-kn-X-cm-Py-amb DØ-c-sIm-dn-
bsb At]-£n®v hnI-knX cmPy-
amb P∏m\pw AXp-t]m-se-bp≈
a‰v cmPy-߃°pw t_mw_v \n¿Ωm
Ww \njv]-bmkamb Imcy-am-
sW∂v Npcp-°w.
DØ-c-sIm-dnb \yq¢n-b¿ t_mw
_v \n¿Ωm-W-tØm-sSm∏w djy-bp-
tSbpw ssN\-bp-tSbpw klm-b-
tØmsS hnI-kn-∏n-s®-SpØ an
ssk¬ sSIvt\m-f-Pn-bnepw _lp-
Zqcw apt∂m- p-t]m-bn-cn-°p-∂p. Ah-
cpsS ssIh-i-ap≠v F∂v Bi-¶-
s∏-Sp∂ 5000 ˛ apX¬ 6000 In. ao.
hsc Zqc-]-cn-[n-bp≈ Xmbv t]m
tSmßv _men-Ãn°v anssk-ens‚
AI-a-W-]-cn-[n-bn¬ shdpw 5000 In.-
ao. amXw Zqc-ap≈ Ata-cn° Dƒ
s∏-Sp∂p≠v. 1998se dwkv ^o¬Uv
IΩo-j≥ dnt∏m¿´n¬ Ata-cn-°°v
t\sc `qJ-fim-¥-c _m-en-Ãn°v
anssk¬ ]tbm-Kn-°m≥ km[y-X-
bp≈ cmPy-ß-fn-sem-∂v DØ-c-sIm-
dn-b-bm-sW∂ ap∂-dn-bn∏pap≠m-bn-
cp-∂p. DØ-c-sIm-dn-b-bpsS ssI
øn¬ \yq¢n-b¿ t_mw_pw AXv
hnt£-]n -°m-\p≈ ansskepw
Ds≠∂v hcp-tºmƒ Ata-cn-°-bpsS
Dd°w sISp-Øm≥ as‰¥pthWw?
DØ-c-sIm-dn-b-bpsS BWh
hnkvt^m-S-\-Øn¬ Ah-cpsS Nnc-
Ime kplrØpw ]uc-kvXy-i-‡n-
bp-amb ssN\-bpsS \ne-]msS¥m-
sW∂v temIw D‰p-t\m-°p-I-bm-Wv.
kvt^mS-\-Øn\v tijw bp.-F≥.
skIyq-cn‰n Iu¨kn¬ G¿s∏-Sp-
Ønb D]-tcm-[sØ BZyw ssN
\bpw ]n≥Xm-ßn-bn-cp-∂p. ]t£,
]n∂oSv ssN\bpw djybpw AXn
se Nne hyh-ÿ-I-tfmSv hntbm-
Pn∏v ]I-Sn-∏n-°p-I-bp-≠m-bn. DØ-
c-sIm-dn-b-bn-te-°p≈ Nc°v hchv
t]m°v ]cn-tim-[n-°-W-sa∂ hyh-
ÿ-tbmSv Ah¿ hntbm-Pn-®n-cn-°p-
I-bm-Wv. D-]-tcm[w \ne-\n¬s°
sImdnb C\nbpw BW-h-]-cn-]m-Sn-
I-fp-ambn apt∂m´p t]m bm¬ Ata-
cn-°-bpsS B`n-ap-Jy-Øn¬ D≠m-
tb-°m-hp∂ ssk\nI \S-]-Sn-tbmSv
ssN\bptSbpw djy-bp-tSbpw ]Xn-
I-c-W-sa-¥m-bn-cn°pw? DØcsIm-dn-
b- krjvSn® Cu Zp¿L-S-k-‘n-
bn¬ ]uc-kvXy-i-‡n-bmbn hf-cp
∂ ssN\-bpsS h√ cl-ky-]-¶p-ap
t≠m? AKm-[-amb ASn-sbm-gp-°p-
Ifpw AWn-b-d-\m-S-I-ß-fp-ap≈
BtKmf cmjvSo-b-Øns‚ KXn-hn-
K-Xn-Iƒ ]h-Nn-°pI Akm-[yw.
hmKvZØv ako-lns‚ shfn-]m-Sp-
Iƒ Hcn-°¬ IqSn \ap°v kvacn
°mw "Hcp ]uckvXy i‡nbpw
sImdn-b-bpsS Zp¿LS-ÿn-Xnbpw!'
ZpB-bpsS ]Xn-I-cWwZpB sNøp-tºmƒ A√m-lp-hns‚ i≤ Xnf-®p-s]m-
ßn-h-cn-Ibpw ZpB sNøp∂ Bfn¬ im¥nbpw kam-
[m-\hpw bYm¿∞--amb B\µhpw Ic-K-X-am-Ip-Ibpw
sNøp-∂p-sh-∂Xv A√m-lp-hns‚ ]≠v apX-te-bp≈
Bflo-b-amb Hcp kzm`m-hn-I \nbaam-Wv.
lZvdØv AlvaZv (A), A-øm-ap- p¬lv
472
412006 \hw-_¿
A_q-Zm_n : k]vXw-_¿ 22- mw
\p sh≈n-bmgvN "da-Zm≥' Bcw-`w
]Jym-]n-®Xv sX‰m-bn-cp-∂p-sh∂pw
bYm¿∞Øn¬ c≠p-Zn-hkw Ign-
™mWv ]Jym-]n-t°-≠n-bn-cp-∂-
sX∂pw bp. F. C. bnse tPymXn-
»m-kvX-⁄-∑m¿ A`n-]m-b-s∏- n-cn-
°p-∂p. 22mw\p sh≈n-bmgvN Nµ-
°e ZriyX Akw-`-hy-am-bn-cp-∂p-
sh∂v bp.-F.-C. AkvtSm-Wan
skmssk‰n F©n-\o-b-dmb apl-
ΩZv iu°Øv HmsZ-bpw, jm¿P-
bnse Ata-cn-°≥ bq\n-th-gvkn-‰n-
bn¬ ^nknIvkv, AkvtSm-Wan
Atkm-tjy‰ v s]m^-k-dmb
tUmIvS¿ \n[m¬Kyqkqapw hni-Zo-
I-cn-°p-∂p.
""A∂v (22.9.06-\v) kqcym-kvX-a-
\-Øn\p apºp-Xs∂ Nµ≥ AkvX-
an-®n-cp-∂p. kqcym-kvX-a-\-Øn-\p-
tijw ImWm≥ Nµ≥ BIm-i-
Øp-≠m-bn-cp-∂n-√.'' HmsZ ]d-bp-∂p.
""aq∂p hn[-Øn-ep≈ Nµ-°e
Zriy-X-bmWv \ap-°p-≈-Xv. kqcym-
kvX-a-\-Øn-\p--ap-ºp-Xs∂ Nµ≥
AkvXan -°p∂ Ah-ÿ-bmWv
BZy-tØ-Xv. At∏mƒ ZriyX A
kw-`-hy-am-Wv. ImcWw hkvXp
(Nµ≥) BIm-i-Øn-√. kqcym-kvX-
a-\-Øn-\p-tijw Nµ≥ AkvX-an-
°p-∂p-sh-¶nepw ImW¬ Xosc
Akm-≤y-am-Wv. AXmWv c≠m-a
sØ Ah-ÿ. aq∂m-a-tØXv Im
Wm≥ km[y-X-bp≈ Ah-ÿ-bm-
Wv. k]vXw-_¿ 22mw\p sh≈n-bm
Kƒ^v \yqkv, HIvtSm-_¿ 4, 2006 (_p-[≥)
"da-Zm≥' Zn\w sX‰mbn ]Jym-]n-°-s∏-´p2006 k]vXw-_¿ 22-˛mw \p sh≈n-bmgvN dwkm≥ amk-Øns‚
Nµ°e Zriy-am-bn-cp-∂n-s√∂v tPymXn-»m-kvX-PvR-∑m¿
dm\nb l_o-_v
gvN CkvemanI cmPy-ß-fn-sem-∂n
epw Nµ-°e ZriyX kw`-hy-am-bn-
cp-∂n-√. a\p-jy-k-l-P-amb sX‰p-
aq-e-amWv Cu A_≤w ]nW-™-
sX-∂mWv a\- n-em-°-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv.
]cn-N-b-°p-d-hp≈ \nco-£-I¿ X
߃ Nµ-°e Z¿in-®-Xmbn hniz-
kn-°p-∂p. kuZn Atd-_y-bn¬
Nµ-°e Zriy-ambXmbn Ah-Im-i-
s∏-Sp-∂p. CØcw kml-N-cy-ß-fn
¬ hfsc Ffp-∏-Øn¬ sX‰p ]‰m-
hp-∂-Xm-Wv. as‰t¥m H∂ns\ t\
cnb, aßn-b, sX∂n-am-dp∂ Nµ-°-
e-bmbn sX‰n-≤-cn-®n-cn-°p-∂p.''
tUmIvS¿ Kyqkpw ]d-bp-∂p.
""k]vXw_¿ 22mw\p sh≈n-
bmgvN sa¿°pdn (_p-[≥) NI-hm-
f-Øn¬ hfsc kao-]ÿ-am-bn-cp-
∂p. AXv Nµ-°-e-bmbn sX‰n-≤-
cn-®n-cn-°mw.'' HmsZ hni-Zo-I-cn-°p-
∂p. ""sa¿°pdn Hcn-°epw Nµ-s\-
t∏m-se-b√.'' At±lw ]d-bp-∂p.
""Nµ-°-e-sb-t∏mse as‰m∂pw C
√. F∂m¬ \nco-£-I≥ ]cn-N-b-
°p-d-hp≈ Bfm-sW-¶n¬, Hcp
tPymXn-im-kvX-⁄-\-s√-¶n¬ F
¥mWv ImWp-∂-sX∂v Abm-f-dn-bp-
∂n-√. Nµ-°e At\z-jn®v \n
߃ Zo¿L-t\cw BIm-iØv Zrjv
Sn-tI-µo-I-cn-®m¬, H∂p-an-s√-¶n¬
Øs∂ Fs¥-¶nepw ImWpw.
tPymXn-im-kvX-PvR-∑m¿°p t]m
epw Cßs\ kw`-hn-°m-hp-∂-Xm-
Wv. ""k]vXw-_¿ 22mw\p sh≈n-bm
gvN D≠m-bn-cp-s∂∂p ]d-bp∂ Nµ-
°eZriyX Xncp-Ø-s∏-tS≠ Hcp
A_-≤-am-bn -cp -∂p-sh∂v tUm.
Kyqkpw ]d-bp-∂p. kuZn Atd-_y-
b-S°w temIw apgp-h-\pap≈ tPym
Xn-im-kvX-⁄-∑m¿ A∂v Nµ-
°e ZriyX Akw-`-hy-am-sW∂v
]d-™-Xn-\m¬ A∂v Nµ-°e
Z¿in-®p-sh∂p ]d-™-Xns\ AwKo-
I-cn® kuZn Atd_ym A[n-Ir-X¿
AXv shdp-samcp A_-≤-am-sW∂v
a\- n-em-°-W-am-bn-cp-∂p. CØcw
kml-N-cy-ßfn¬ Ht∂m AXn-e-[n-
Itam Bfp-I-fpsS km£y-Øn\v
Hcp hne-bp-an-s√∂pw a‰p am\-Z-
WvU-߃ ]cn-K-Wn-°p-I-bmWv
th≠-sX∂pw De-am-°ƒ AYhm
^pJ-lm-°ƒ (I¿Ω imkvX-]-
WvUn-X-∑m¿) a\- n-em-°-Wsa-∂-
XmWv ]iv\w.
HmsZ-bpsS A`n-]m-b-Øn¬
kuZn-A-td-_y-bnse aXm-[n-Im-cn-
Iƒ tPymXn-»m-kvXhpw tPymXn-
jhpw XΩn¬ Iq´n-°p-g-bv°p-I-
bmWv sNbvXXv. tPymXnjw
Ckveman¬ AwKo-I-cn-°-s∏-´n-´n-√.
R߃ tPymXn-j-°m-c-√. Rß
fpw Ahcpw XΩn¬ (tPym-Xn-im-
kvX-⁄-∑mcpw tPymXn-j-°mcpw
XΩn¬) henb hyXym-k-ap-≠v. ''
At±lw ]d-™p.
""Cu hyXymkw kuZn-bnse
apkvenw ]WvUn-X-∑m¿°v hy‡
ambn Adn-bn-√. Ah¿ tPymXn-im-
kvX-⁄-∑m-cp-ambn N¿® sNøp-
∂p-an-√. ''
473
42 kXyZqX≥
tImgn-t°mSv taJem aPv-enkv
A≥km-dp -√m-lns‚ B`n-ap -Jy-
Øn¬ \hw-_¿ 10- 11- 2006 (sh-≈n),
18-˛11-˛2006 (i-\n), 25-˛11-˛2006 (i-\n)
F∂o Xnø-Xn-I-fn¬ tImgn-t°mSv
Su¨lm-fn¬ sh®v \_n-Io¿Ø\
tbmK-߃ \S-Øm≥ Xocp-am-\n-
®Xmbn A≥km-dp-√mlv taJem
\mknw Fkv. apl-ΩZv kenw
]kvXm-hn-®p. kwÿm\ kbnw
]n.]n. \mk-dp-±o≥ A≤y£w hln-
°pw. tbmKw tImgn-t°mSv taJem
Aao¿ G.-]n. Ip™map kmln_v
DZvLm-S\w sNøpw. tbmK-ß-fn¬
\_n-Io¿Ø-\- k-tΩ-f-\-߃auem\m apl-ΩZv Da¿, tUm. Fw.-
Pn.-F-kv. \mcm-b-W≥, tUm. sI.-
sI.-F≥. Ipdp-∏v, s]m^. ]nb-
Z¿i≥ em¬, io. Cøm-t®cn
Ip™n-Ir-jvW≥, F∂n-h¿ ]kw-
Kn-°pw. sI.-]n.-F. dlow, s]m^.
alvaqZv AlvaZv, auehn Ckvam
bo¬ auehn Kpemw Ckvambn¬,
amZm¿, A_vZp-»°q¿, tUm. kem-
lp-±o≥, \Po-_v F©n-\o-b¿, G.-
Fw. apl-ΩZv keow apX-em-b-h¿
hnhn[ hnj-b-ßsf kw_-‘n®v
]`m-j-W-߃ \n¿∆-ln°pw.
aÆm¿°mSv Pam-A-Øns‚ap≥ ]kn-U≠pw kPo-hmw-KhpwIpºf kztZ-in-bp-amb G. Ip-™laZv kmln_v \hw-_¿ 1˛mwXnøXn cmXn 7.30\v aÆm¿°mSvsh®v h^m-Øm-bn. C∂m-en-√mlnh C∂m.............
Pam-A-Øns‚ ]h¿Ø-\-ß-fn¬ Bth-i-tØm-Sp-IqSn F∂pwap∂-Wn-bn-ep-≠m-bn-cp∂ Ip™mapkmln_v kXy-Zq-Xs‚ A`yp-Z-b-Imw-£nbpw \s√mcp hmb-\-°m-c-\p-am-bn-cp-∂p. AlvaZnøm ]Nm-cWw Pohn-X-h-X-ambn kzoI-cn®At±lØns‚ \njvI-f-¶-amb ]h¿Ø\w AlvaZn-Iƒ°v amXr-IbmWv. A√mlp ]tc-X\v P∂Øpw aKv^n-dØpw \¬In-b-\p-K-ln-°-s´. (Bao≥).
a°ƒ : kn±oJv lk≥, \qdp-±o≥, ^k-ep-±o≥, jwkp-±o≥,\mkn-ap -±o≥, km_nd, lmPd,Xzmln-d, aeo-l. acp-a-°ƒ : \ko¿(I-cp-fm-bn), Akokv (F-d-Wm-Ip-fw), ico^v (tIm-gn-t°m-Sv), \kow(]-g-b-ßm-Sn), \pk-Øv (Icp-fmbn),PeP (]≈n-∏p-dw), imln\ (Iq-Sm-fn), imln\ (tIm-gn-t°m-Sv). ktlm-Z-c-߃: aqk amÿ, aΩp amÿ,l°ow _tØcn (dn-´. Un.-ssh.-F-kv.-]n.), ImZ¿, apl-Ω-Zv. P\mktIc-f-Øns‚ \m\m--`m-K-Øp-\n-∂p-ap≈ Pam-A-ØwKß-fpsS km∂n-≤y-Øn¬ aÆm¿°mSv ivaim-\-Øn¬ J_d-S-°n.
Fw.-sI. C_n®n-tIm-b´n,
amt\-P¿, kXy-Zq-X≥
tImgn-t°mSv
G. Ip™laZvkmln_v
]m]-tam-N-\-Øn-∂mbn Xs‚ ]nb-
s∏´ GI-a-Is\ Ipcn-ip-a-cWw
sIm≠p _en -b¿∏n -®n´pw B
]m]hpw AXns‚ in£bpw C∂pw
\ne-\n∂p hcn-I-bm-W-t√m.
FX-amXw ItTm-c-Nn-Ø-\mb
Hcp ssZh-sØ-bmWv InkvXp-aXw
temI-Øn-∂p-ap-ºmsI ]Z¿in-∏n-
°p-∂-Xv?
Npcp-°-Øn¬, InkvXym-\n-I-
fpsS Cu ]m]-]-cn-lm-c-kn-≤m¥w
A¿∞-iq-\yhpw _p≤n°pw bp-
(22 ˛mw t]Pn¬ \n∂v XpS¿®) ‡n°pw tbmPn-°m-Ø-Xp-am-sW-∂-
Xn¬ kwi-b-an-√. F∂m¬ ]m]-hn-
tam-N-\-Øn-∂mbn kXy-hn-izm-kw,
k¬°¿Ω-߃, F√m-hn[ Ip‰-Ir-
Xy-ß-fn¬ \n∂pw ]m]-I¿Ω-ß-
fn¬ \n∂pw hn´p-\n¬°p-I. k¿
t∆m-]cn ssZhm-\p-Klw F∂n-h-bm
Wv A\n-hm-cy-sa∂p hnip-≤-Jp¿-B
\pw ss__nfpw ]Xn-]m-Zn-°p-∂p.
_p≤n°pw bp‡n°pw kzoIm-cy-
amb Hcp kn-≤m-¥-am-Wn-Xv. A√m
sX cma∂v Xe-th-Z-\-sb-¶n¬ tIm
as‚ Xe-X-√n-s∏m-fn-°p∂ kn≤m-
¥-a-√.
Al-¶mcwAl-¶mcw ]e coXn-bn-ep-≠v. Nne-t∏mƒ AXv IÆn-eqsS \n¿§-an-
°p-∂p. Hcmsf Xpdn®p t\m°p-tºmƒ AXn-\¿∞w Abmsf \n m-c-
\mbpw Xs∂ D∂-X-\mbpw Icp-Xp-∂p-sh-∂m-Wv. Nne-t∏mƒ B Al-
¶mcw \mhn-eqsS shfn-bn¬ hcp-∂p. Nne-t∏mƒ AXv Xe-bn-eqsS ]I-
S-am-Ip-∂p. Nne-t∏mƒ ssIIm-ep-I-fneqsS AXv shfn-hm-Ip-∂p. Npcp-
°-Øn¬ Al-¶m-c-Øn\v A\-h[n Ddh-Iƒ D≠v. kXy-hn-izmkn Ah-
bn¬ \ns∂√mw AI-∂n-cn-t°-≠-Xm-Wv. Al-¶m-c-Øns‚ Zp¿K‘w
han-°p-∂Xpw K¿∆v ]I-S-am-Ip-∂-Xp-amb Hcp Ah-b-hhpw Ah-\n-ep-
≠m-I-cp-Xv.
lZvdØv AlvaZv (a¬^q-kmØv )
474
top related