part 2 – parts of personality chapter 7 – the conscious self part 2, chapter 6 - vocabulary...

Part 2 – Parts of PersonalityChapter 7 – The Conscious

Part 2, Chapter 6 - Vocabulary

These flashcards have been designed as a study tool to assist in your mastery of each chapter’s vocabulary and accompanying concepts.

Instructions: This is an animated PowerPoint slide show. To use it as intended, begin the slide show by clicking on "slide show" (above) and then "view show," or by clicking on the slide show icon below.

For use in conjunction with: Personality: A Systems Approach, By John D. Mayer

Self-As-Knower

According to William James, a person’s innermost aware identity. It watches with consciousness, and exerts will where useful.

The portion of the mind that includes a conscious sense of self and capable of rational thought and self-control. Although originally a psychodynamic concept, the term is now used in a number of theoretical orientations.

Dialogical Self A type of consciousness that

switches between one’s model of one’s own self and mental models of other people. As the dialogical self switches its focus its focus to models of oneself or others, it animates the given model, bringing it imaginatively to life as if the person were there, talking or acting.

Self-Awareness

A type of awareness, in which the topic, or subject, of awareness is awareness itself; that is, reflective awareness.

Access to Information

In the study of consciousness, the state in which conscious awareness can obtain information, retrieve it, or attend to it, as opposed to being blocked off from information.

Sentience

A state of being someone, of possessing internal, subjective experience.

Subjective Realism

A school of philosophy according to which the subjective experience of consciousness is real and is generated by the physical and mental organism that experiences consciousness.

Bicameral Mind A descriptor of the human mind, bicameral refers

to the fact that the mind is dependent upon the right and left hemispheres of the brain, which do things in different ways and may not be fully integrated, even in the recent past. In the early bicameral mind, according to Julian Jaynes, before about 300 BCE, people did not realize that one part of the brain (speech production) can talk internally to the other (speech reception). As such, this internal speech was misinterpreted as coming from sources outside the individual, such as gods and apparitions.

That part of the mind that exerts conscious, intentional, control over thoughts and actions.

Free Will

The idea that people can exercise self-control in a fashion at least partly independent from any causal influences, and stemming from their own independent judgment.

Determinism

The belief that all action in the universe, including human action, has already been set in motion at the beginning of time, with each event caused by the events that have come before, and, as consequence, that all human behavior is preordained.

Experimental Confederate

(or Confederate) A research assistant who

impersonates a research participant in front of other research participants, while actually following predetermined instructions of the experimenter.

Agencies

Central parts of the mind distinguished by the fact that they are self-regulating, partly autonomous, and exert influences on the rest of personality.

Semi-Autonomous

Operating partly on their own; partly following their own rules independently of other influences.

Dissociative Disorders

A group of psychiatric disorders characterized by sudden alterations in identity and its history. Portions of identity may be lost or regained, or many identities may arise.

Dissociative Identity Disorder (DID)

This is a contemporary psychiatric diagnosis for what used to be called Multiple Personality Disorder. In it, a person may alternate among two or more personalities (or identities) over time, with no true central personality.

A contraction of “alternate personality” – the personalities that appear in Dissociative Identity Disorder.

An older psychodynamic concept referring to a collection of animal instincts, desires, and motives that operate in the mind.

Unconscious That portion of the mind outside of a

person’s awareness. Social-cognitive theory emphasizes that it is evolutionarily adaptive for many processes to be outside of awareness. Psychodynamic theory emphasizes that some motivational and emotional processes are painful and threatening, and are purposively avoided by consciousness.

Conscious

Awareness, reflective observing of the inner mind.

Superego

A portion of the mind that grows out of the ego and contains both an ideal self and the conscience.

Qualia (sing. Quale)

Elements, or an element, of consciousness – individual thoughts, feelings, and urges, or, images, tastes, and sounds.

Intrinsic Motivation

A type of motivation in which the process of carrying out an activity is rewarding to an individual in-and-of-itself, aside from any outside reward.

Extrinsic Motivation

A type of motivation in which a person’s activities are carried out in order to obtain an outside reward such as social recognition or money.

Amotivation

The lack of any type of motivation to carry out activities or tasks.

part 2 – parts of personality chapter 7 – the conscious self part 2, chapter 6 - vocabulary...

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