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Planning and development
of urban transportation system
Experience from Tokyo
Bureau of Urban Development
Tokyo Metropolitan Government
Takahiro ANZAI
Sept 22, 2016
Contents
• Outline of Tokyo
• Railway Network
• Expressway Network
• For Tokyo 2020 Olympic and Paralympic
Games
1
Greater Tokyo Area
2
Area
(km2)
Population
(thousand)
GDP/GRP
(billions of USD)
Japan 377,972 127,110 4,921
Greater Tokyo 13,562 36,126 1,635
Tokyo Met. 2,191 13,514 929
Japan
Tokyo Met.
Greater Tokyo Area
50km
Greater Tokyo Area
Urban
Area Rank
Population
(thousand)
Tokyo(greater) 1 37,833
Delhi 2 24,953
Shanghai 3 22,991
New York 9 18,591
Dhaka 11 16,982
Karachi 12 16,126
Manila 18 12,764
Paris 25 10,764
London 27 10,189
Jakarta 28 10,176
Seoul 29 9,775
Kanagawa Pref.
Chiba Pref.
Saitama Pref.
Tokyo Met.
3
Tokyo Metropolis
4
23 special wards Tama area
Kanagawa Pref.
Chiba Pref.
Saitama Pref.
GDP Population Area
19% 10% 0.6%
National proportion
Tokyo Met.
Outlying Islands
in Tokyo
Population: 13.5 million
GRP: 929 billion (USD)
Area: 2,191 km2
23 special wards Tama area 26cities & 5towns
■Zoning areas are divided into three types of districts:
Residential districts
(7 categories)
Commercial districts
(2 categories)
Industrial districts
(3 categories) 5
Tokyo Metropolis (Designated Zoning Area)
Tokyo Metropolis (Designated Zoning Area)
6
1 Residential districts Den-en-chofu, Ota-ward
2 Commercial districts
Near the Tokyo Station,
Chiyoda-ward
3 Industrial districts Bay area, Koto-ward
1
2 3
Quality of Life in Tokyo
7
Rank City
1 Copenhagen
2 Tokyo
3 Melbourne
4 Stockholm
5 Helsinki
6 Vienna
7 Zurich
8 Munich
9 Kyoto
10 Fukuoka MONOCLE Issue 75 July/August 2014
Tokyo is the second most liveable city in the world,
according to Monocle’s 2014 Quality of Life survey.
JR Yamanote
Line
Oedo Subway
Line
Urban Railway Network
Tokyo
Shinjuku
Akihabara
Shibuya
8
Urban Railway Network
Length Stations
JR lines
(Ex-National railways) 419km 141
Private lines
(7 major companies) 383km 293
Subway
(2 major companies) 300km 234
Monorail,
New transport system 76km 101
Total 1,178km 769
(As of 2010)
Urban Railway Network
Status of railway
Urban Railway Network
9
Period 1:Early stage 1872~1940’s
Period 2:Developing stage 1950’s~1980’s
Period 3:Matured stage 1980’s~
History of Railway Development
10
1955
1885
Yam
an
ote
lin
e
Tokaido line
(for Yokohama)
1926
Urban area
Seibu Ikebukuro
Line
Keio Line
Tokyu Meguro
Line
Chuo Line
Tobu Isesaki Line
Keisei Line
JR lines(Ex-National railways)
11
Period 1 : Early stage 1872~1940’s
History of Railway Development
Private lines
11
(mil)
1950 2000 1900
Crowded road Population rapid growth
Congestion in commuter trains
● End of trams operation (to secure road traffics)
● Development of subway network
● Development of urban railways for suburb towns
Period 2 : Developing stage 1950’s~1970’s
History of Railway Development
12
(mil)
1950 2000 1900
Period 3 : Matured stage 1980’s~
Population stable growth
● Effective utilization of
existing railway network
⇒ Mutual direct operation
● New line development
⇒ Oedo subway line
JR Yamanote line
Oedo subway line
Subway
JR / Private line
History of Railway Development
13
Subsidy for function
improvement
Developing stage Matured stage
Subsidy for railway
construction
Early stage
Railway company's
own resources
■ subway network
■ urban railways
for suburb towns
■ From double-track
to quadruple-track
■ Speed enhancement
■ Congestion mitigation
■ Access for airport
1/3 1/3 1/3
National government
Local government
Railway company
Image of initial cost allocation
Financial Support for Railway Development
■ Development of
housing along
railways
■ Development of
commercial facilities
near stations
1/2 1/4 1/4
14
Road and Railway Grade Separation Projects
15
JR Yamanote
Line
Before After
Legend
Completed
Underway
Effect of Railway Development Transition of modal share in Tokyo 23 wards
Comparison of modal share of the world’s major cities
Effect of Railway Development
16
Effect of Railway Development
The population growth in greater Tokyo area
Effect of Railway Development
18
To Meet Universal Requirements
Progress in making stations barrier-free
More multilingual signage
19
Improving Shibuya Station Improving Shibuya Station
21
JR Saikyo Line
JR Yamanote
Line
Before
After
Hachiko
Square
Hachiko
Square
JR Saikyo Line
JR Yamanote
Line
Concourse for
Transfer
Expressway inside the CCR
Central Circular Route
National Capital Region
Central Loop Road
(Ken-o-do)
Haneda Airport
Narita Airport
Tokyo Outer Loop Road
Three Loop Expressways
23
Three Loop Expressways (Tokyo Outer Loop Road )
Current
Local streets
CO2 emissions reduction
About 300 thousand ton / year
After completion
Improving environmental condition
NOx emissions reduction
About 400 ton / year
Equivalent to
30 thousand hector forest
absorbing
Equivalent to
2.6 million trucks
exhausting 25
Three Loop Expressways (Ken-o-do)
Before After
Higher than average
Average
Cheaper than average
Different by mileage
Suburb
Ken-o-do
Average
Alleviation of radical reform
Suburb
Ken-o-do
Expressway toll fare Expressway toll fare
26
At Tokyo 1964 Games
27
Tokaido Shinkansen
(In service from October 1964)
Tokyo metropolitan expressway
For Tokyo 2020 Games
28
・Number of International flights (flights/day)
0 (2002) ⇒ 100 (2015 winter)
・Chartered flight only ⇒ 26 cities worldwide
Domestic
Cargo Area
International
Cargo Area
Terminal 2
Terminal 1
International Terminal
Runway-C(3000m)
Runway-A(3000m)
Runway-D
(2500m)
Runway-B
(2500m)
Hangar area
Functional enhancement of Haneda airport
For Tokyo 2020 Games
The ring road 2 (under construction)
Tokyo
Torano
mon
Olympic
Village
Introduction of BRT system
Toranomon Bus Terminal
Conecting Bus 30
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