plant taxonomy.ppt

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PLANT TAXONOMY

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The Algae

• Many Algae live life as a

single cell, but some

are

•Multicellular like theseaweeds

• Members of Kingdom

Protista

• Primary producers of

aquatic ecosystems

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ALGAE

RHODOPHYTA - RED ALGAE

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ALGAE

CHLOROPHYTA - GREEN ALGAE

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Chlorophyta is a division of green algae, informally called chlorophytes. It is composed of a

highly paraphyletic group green algae within the green plants and also includes about 7,000

species of mostly aquatic photosynthetic eukaryotic organisms. Like the land plants

(bryophytes and tracheophytes), green algae contain chlorophylls a and b, and store food as

starch in their plastids.

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Spirogyra

• Watersilk

• Float in masses at the

surface of quiet waters• Contain ribbon-shaped

chloroplasts

• Each chloroplast contains

a pyrenoid• Pyrenoids contain

enzymes for starch

synthesis

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ALGAE

PHAEOPHYTA- BROWN ALGAE

Kelps

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ALGAE – separate group protist

Bacillariophyta (diatoms)

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Diatoms

• Best known and economically

most important algae

 – Cold and warm waters

 – Fresh and marine

 – Damp cliffs, sides of

buildings, bark of trees,

bare soil

• The cell resides inside a glass

box

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Euglena

• They live in fresh water

streams and ponds, and

are especially common

in warm seasons when

they may form a greenscum on the surfaces of

small ponds or drainage

ditches.

• Euglenas have spindle-

shaped bodies, and

range in size from

1/1000 to 1/100 of an

inch (0.025 to 0.254

millimeter) long.

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Volvox• Volvox  is a colonial algae

•

It is a complete hollow ball of cells.• Note the smaller daughter colonies

that are beginning to form within the

parent body.

•

Each cell has 2 flagella which helps theentire colony swim.

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Examples of Mosses 

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spore

s

Spore-producing capsule

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 No true roots, No vascular tissues (no transport)

Characteristics of Mosses 

Simple stems & leaves

Have rhizoids for anchorageSpores from capsules (wind-dispersal)

Damp terrestrial land

Simplest plants

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underground stem

root

A leaf (finely

divided into

small parts)

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 roots, feathery leaves & underground stem

Characteristics of Ferns

have vascular tissues (transport &

support)

Damp & shady places

Spore-producing organ on the underside

of leaves (reproduction)

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needle-shaped leaves 

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roots, woody stems

Characteristics of Gymnosperms 

needle-shaped leaves

tall evergreen trees

cones with reproductivestructures

dry places

vascular tissues (transport)

naked seeds in female

cones

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  2 groups 

Monocotyledons Dicotyledons 

Flowering

Plants

roots, stems, leaves

vascular tissues

(transport)flowers, fruits (contain seeds)

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Welwitschia mirabilis grows only in the deserts of Namibia and Angola. This strange species

has only two large strap-like leaves that grow continuously from the base throughout the

plant's life. 

Gnetophyta 

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Monocotyledons 

Parallel veins

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  one seed-leaf

Characteristics of Monocotyledons 

.  leaves have parallel veins

herbaceous plants

e.g. grass, maize

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Dicotyledons 

Veins in network

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