pmr grammar
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2013
ENGLISH PMR:
GRAMMAR
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TENSES
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Parts of
speech
Definition Examples
Noun
(kata
nama)
A word that names a person, place,
thing, animal, concept or activity or
idea.Uncountable nouns : cannot be
counted
Countable nouns : can be counted
tree, apple, orange, kitten,
hospital, froge.g.: The cat jumps over the
fence.
Verb
(katakerja)
A word that describes an action or
state
talk, eat, run, shout, jump, is ,
was, am.e.g. : The cat climbs.
Pronoun
(ganti
nama)
A word that takes the place of a noun
I, he, she, it, they, we, our, itself
e.g.: Ali likes durian. He is
eating it now.
Adjective(sifat
nama)
A word that describes a noun or
pronoun
beautiful, tall, clever, blue, red,kind
e.g.: A beautiful clever girl.
Adverb
(sifat kata)
A word that gives more information
about a verb, an adjective or anadverb
quickly, fast, slowly, very,
carefully
e.g.: The cat walks slowly and
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Parts OfSpeech
Definition Examples
Conjunction
(Kata
Hubung)
A word that joins two or
more words, phrases or
clauses.
and, or, but, however, therefore,
moreover, so, although
Interjection
(kata seruan)
A word used to show
strong feeling.Ouch! Wow! Ah! Ops! Hey!
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PAST PRESENT FUTURESIMPLE SIMPLE
CONTINUOUS CONTINUOUS
PERFECT PERFECT
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Singular (verb)
eatcatch
sleep
- - - - - -
eats
catchessleeps
Plural (verb)
eat
catch
sleep
I
You
- - - - - - -
He
SheIt
We
You
They
Simple Present
-Mothergoesto the market twice a week.
- Aina is a good girl. She always sleeps early.
- He always comes to school early.- I eat noodles everyday.
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Present Continuous (to show habitual action / somethingthat is happening)
Singular
am
- - - -
are
- - - -
is
( verb + ing )
eating
catchingsleeping
Plural
are
( verb + ing )
eating
catchingsleeping
I
- - - - -
You
- - - - -He
She
It
We
YouThey
- The teacher is teaching now.
- Iam sleeping early tonight.
- Theyare eating noodles.
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Present Perfect (To describe something that has ended or stillcontinuing)
- Ihave eatennoodles.
- Hehas studied for PMR.
- Theyhave slept for 12 hours!
- Ali ??? eatentwo pieces of fried
chicken.
Singular
have
- - - - - -
has
(verb past
participle)
eaten
studied
slept
Plural
have
(verb past
participle)
eaten
studied
slept
IYou
- - - - - - -
He
She
It
We
You
They
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Simple Past
-Motherwentto the market yesterday.
- Aina studied very late last night.
- We atefried fish for lunch.
Singular (verb)
ate
caught
studied
Plural (verb)
ate
caught
studied
I
You
He
She
It
We
You
They
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Past Continuous (to show something that happened in the pastat the same time / something that happened at a specific moment in the past)
-Ali was eatingfried chicken when I called.
- You were sleepingwhile the teacher was
teaching!
Singular
was
- - - --
were
( verb + ing )
eating
catchinglying
Plural
were
( verb + ing )
eating
catchinglying
I
He
She
It- - - - - - -
You
We
You
They
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Past Perfect (to show two events in the past)
-Ali had eatenfried chicken before he slept.
Singular
had
(verb pastparticiple)
eaten
caught
lied
Plural
had
(verb past participle)
eaten
caught
lied
I
You
He
She
It
We
You
They
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Future Tense
-Ali will studyfor the test.
- You will eatwith your uncle tomorrow.
Singular
will
(base form verb)
eat
catch
study
Plural
will
(base form verb)
eat
catch
study
I
You
He
She
It
We
You
They
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Practice: Present TensePresent Tense
Exercise 1Each question in the text below refers to a numbered blank. For each question, choose the
best answerfrom the options A, B, CandDto fit the numbered blanks
Malaysians like to go on picnics. On weekends and public holidays, picnickers________(1) on beaches with their family or friends to ________(2) their minds and bodies.They ________(3) in the sea or just ________(4) on mats and ________(5) childrensplashing about.
When it ________(6) time for lunch, they help themselves heartily to the deliciousfood and drinks they ________(7) brought along with them. They listen to songs and________(8) games. Children build sandcastles and ________(9) seashells.
Soon it is time to________(10) home. Everyone feels tired but happy.
1 A gather B gathered C gathers D gathering2 A relax B relaxing C relaxed D relaxes3 A swim B swum C swam D swimming4 A lie B lay C laid D lies5 A watch B watching C watched D watches6 A was B is C were D are7 A have B has C are D is8 A play B playing C played D plays9 A collects B collect C collected D collecting10 A go B come C goes D comes
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Practice: TensePastExercise 2
Each question in the text below refers to a numbered blank. For each question, choose thebest answerfrom the options A, B, CandDto fit the numbered blanks
Acrowd of people ________ (1) inside the tent to see the circus. There ________ (2)a lot of clowns with red noses which seemed to glow. One of the clowns had a little monkeythat ________(3) up a stick. Another one ________(4) to be a frog and jumped about on thegrass, croaking. Everybody ________(5). One played funny tune on a flute. Then someacrobats _______(6) running into the ring while the band played some exciting music. Theybowed to the crowd and then took off their cloaks and climbed up some ropes to the roof ofthe tent. The band ________ (7) playing. Then they began to swing from one rope toanother, flying through the air like bird men! One of them seemed to slip in the middle of aflight. This ________(8) the crowd a fright, but he was only pretending. When acrobats
________(9), the band played a cheerful tune. This ________ (10) by a warm applause ofthe crowd.
1 A go B went C goes D going2 A is B are C was D were3 A climbed B climbing C climb D climbs
4 A pretend B pretending C pretended D pretends5 A laughing B laughed C laugh D laughter6 A come B came C coming D comes7 A stopped B stop C stopping D stops8 A give B gave C given D give9 A finished B finishing C finish D finishes10 A was followed B were followed C is followed D are followed
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Prepositions
To show the location or position of something (on, in, under, across)To show direction (to, from, towards)
To show time (after, since, before)
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Practice 1I had been warned that the twins were not called the Horrible Twins without
any justification. However I was not prepared for the sight ________(1) my eyes. Eng
Hock was sitting________(2) Eng Sengs shoulders while Eng Hock was balancing an
empty tin________(3) the tip of his nose.
When I told them to stop their act, Eng Hock jumped________(4) Eng Sengs
shoulder and landed ________(5) me. Then he took out a matchbox ________(6) his
pocket. He held the box ________(7) my face and suddenly opened it. There was a big
spider________(8) in the box. Then, he held the spider ________(9) his thumb and
forefinger. Next, he threw the spider over my head and it landed________(10) the table
in front of me.
1 A before B by C at D in2 A at B on C from D along
3 A near B from C over D on4 A away B off C of D over5 A over B at C beside D with6 A in front of B under C from D below7 A between B in C near D along8 A in B on C beside D under
9 A over B on C between D in10.A on B off C in D with
PMR 2010
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PMR 2010
Question 11 18 are based on the following text.
Ever had a common cold? It is infection occurring in the nose and throat. It is caused
by viruses and normally ____(11)___ two to five days to recover. Viruses causing commoncolds are very contagious and ___(12)____ spread by sneezes and coughs.
The symptoms of a cold are runny nose and weepy eyes. ___(13)___ people also
suffer from sore throat, headache and fever.Preventive measures can be taken to avoid being bitten ___(14)___ a cold bug.
Firstly, avoid touching your eyes, nose and mouth with your hands. ___(15)___, always
cover your mouth when sneezing. It is advisable to use tissues rather than handkerchiefs as
they can be discarded after use. Besides, avoid sharing utensils and personal items. Lastly,avoid contact with others suffering from cold.
Ifyou suffer ___(16)___ a cold, you should rest. Resting helps to build up___(17)___ immune system. Drinking at least eight glasses of water a day helps loosen
mucus, enabling you to cough or blow out ___(18)___ . You can also gargle with warm, saltyater to ease throat irritations. If all these fail to relieve your problem, consult a doctor.
11. A take B takes C taken D taking12. A is B are C was D were
13. A All B Less C Few D Some14. A by B from C with D in
15. A Finally B Later C Next D Soon16. A of B for C with D from17. A its B our C your D their
18. A easy B easily C easier D easiest
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SENT
ENCECON
STRUCTION
Simple sentenceSubject + Verb + Object : To show action done on someone/something else
Subject Verb Object
He
She
ItI
You
We
They
thanked
praises
is looking atscolded
make
will read
eat
me
him
herthem
coffee
books
durians
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SENT
ENCECON
STRUCTION
Simple sentenceSubject + was / were + ing : To show what was happeningin the story (past continuous tense)
Subject Verb (to be) + ing
I
HeShe
It
was
waswas
was
reading
playingfishing
sleeping
You
WeThey
were
werewere
playing
fishingsleeping
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SENT
ENCECON
STRUCTION
Simple sentenceSubject + was / were + what : To describe people, things,place or time
Subject Verb (to be) Descriptive (adj)
He
She
It
I
You
We
They
was
was
was
was
were
were
were
happy
worried
hungry
surprised
angry
cold
young
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(3A, 3B)
PMR BASED EXERCISE (ESSAY WRITING)
(3C, 3D, 3E)PMR BASED EXERCISE (ESSAY WRITING)
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Then, Rahim openedthe bag. It was full of
money. He was extremely shocked. He looked
around but there was nobody nearby.
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PRESENT TENSE: go
goes
PAST TENSE: went
the policeman
the police station
the bag
Soon after,
After that,
Then,
Not long after that,
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