punjab pakistan

PUNJAB

PUNJAB LOGO

MAJOR CITIES OF PUNJABRANKS CITY POPULATION1 Lahore 10,500,0002 Faisalabad 5,280,0003 Rawalpindi 3,391,6564 Multan 2,606,4815 Gujranwala 2,569,0906 Sargodha 600,5017 Bahawalpur 543,9298 Sialkot 510,8639 Sheikhupura 426,98010 Jhang 372,64511 Gujrat 530,64512 D.G.Khan 630,645

ETYMOLOGY Punjab comes from the Persian words panj (five)

and ab (river) and means "Land of the Five Rivers.“

It is the name used for the lands to the east of the Indus River that are drained by its five tributaries (Jhelum, Chenab, Ravi, Beas, and Sutlej).

HISTORY OF PUNJAB Punjab during Mahabharata times was known as

Panchanada.Punjab was part of the Indus Valley Civilization, more than 4000 years old.

In 1947 the Punjab province of British India was divided along religious lines into West Punjab and East Punjab. Western Punjab was assimilated into the new country of Pakistan, while East Punjab became a part of modern-day India.

Since the 1950s, Punjab industrialized rapidly. New factories were established in Lahore, Multan, Gujrat, Gujranwala, Sialkot and Wah.

In the 1960s the new city of Islamabad was built near Rawalpindi.

Agriculture continues to be the largest sector of Punjab's economy. The province is the breadbasket of the country as well as home to the largest ethnic group in Pakistan.

Punjab witnessed major battles between the armies of India and Pakistan in the wars of 1965 and 1971. Since the 1990s Punjab hosted several key sites of Pakistan's nuclear program such as “Kahuta”. It also hosts major military bases such as at Sargodha and Rawalpindi. The peace process between India and Pakistan, which began in earnest in 2004, has helped pacify the situation. Trade and people-to-people contacts through the Wagah border are now starting to become common. Indian Sikh pilgrims visit holy sites such as Nankana Sahib.

Starting in the 1980s, large numbers of Punjabis migrated to the Middle East, Britain, Spain, Canada and the United States for economic opportunities.

GOVERNMENT OF PUNJAB The Government of Punjab is a provincial

government in the federal structure. The Provincial Assembly of the Punjab is a

unicameral legislature of elected representatives of the province of Punjab.

The Assembly was established under Article 106 of the Constitution of Pakistan as having a total of 350 seats, with 62 seats reserved for women and seven reserved for non-Muslims.

The Chief Minister of Punjab (CM) is elected by the Provincial Assembly of the Punjab to serve as the head of the provincial government in Punjab, Pakistan.

The current Chief Minister is Shahbaz Sharif.

STATISTICS OF PUNJABArea 205,344 sq kmPopulation 7,25,85,000Capital LahoreLargest City LahoreLanguage PunjabiLiteracy Rate 59.6%Temperature -2° to 40° CMain Crops Cotton, Wheat and

RiceGovernment Body Provincial AssemblyAssembly Seats 371Districts 36Tehsils Towns 127Animal Punjab UrialBird PeacockTree ShishamFlower Bhekkar

LANGUAGES The main language of the province is

Punjabi.Sairaki and Hindko. There are more than 20 language

speaks in Punjab.like Majhi, Pothohari, Pahari, Dhani,

Shapuri, Jhangochi, Jangli, Chenavari, Thalochi, Hindko, Chhachi, Jandali,Multani, Derawali,Riasti, Ghebi,Dogri,Mevati,Urdu and English as well.

Geographical Boundaries In Punjab there is five borders First on north east touch the Indian state of Jammu and

Kashmir. Second on the east touch the Indian states of Punjab

and Rajasthan. Third on south touch Sindh province. Fourth on west touch Balochistan and Khyber

Pakhtunkhwa provinces. Fifth on north touch Islamabad federal capital area and

Azad Kashmir

RIVERS OF PUNJAB Punjab is also known as “The Land Of River”. Punjab having five major rivers. Jhelum Chenab Ravi Sutlej Beas

RIVER JHELUM Jhelum River is the largest and most western of

the five rivers of Punjab, and passes through Jhelum District. It is a tributary of the Indus River and has a total length of about 480 miles ( 774 kilometers )

RIVER CHENAB Chenab River is a major river of Jammu and

Kashmir, India and the Punjab of Pakistan. The water of Chenab are allocated to Pakistan under terms of the Indus Water Treaty.The total length of river is 597 miles ( 960 kilometer)

RIVER RAVI The Ravi is the shortest river of Pakistan.The

water of Ravi River drain in to the Indian Ocean through the Indus River.

Sutlej is the longest of the five rivers of the Punjab.

It is the water border between Pakistan and India

RIVER SUTLEJ

The Beas river rises in the Himalayas in central Himachal Pradesh.

The river was also known as Arjiki or Vipas to the ancient Indians.

RIVER BEAS

ECONOMY Punjab has the largest economy in Pakistan,

contributing most to the national GDP. The province's economy has quadrupled since 1972 Its share of Pakistan's GDP was 54.7% in 2000 and

59% as of 2010. It is especially dominant in the Service & Agriculture sectors of the Pakistan Economy

It is also major manpower contributor because it has largest pool of professionals and highly skilled (Technically trained) manpower in Pakistan

EDUCATION The literacy rate has increased greatly since

independence. Punjab has the highest Human Development Index out of all of Pakistan's provinces at 0.670.

Year Literacy Rate1972 20.7%1981 27.4%1998 46.56%2009 59.6%

INDUSTRIES

INDUSTRIES Punjab has numerous large industrial concentrations

in sectors such as textiles, leather, and light engineering goods.

It also has geographically distinct industrial clusters, the most well known of which is the “industrial triangle” comprising Gujranwala, Sialkot, and Gujrat.

In total, there are seven industrial zones/clusters in Punjab: Lahore, Gujranwala, Faisalabad, Sialkot, Sheikhupura, Wazirabad, and Islamabad/Rawalpindi.

FAMOUS PLACES IN PUNJAB Punjab is the second largest province in

Pakistan.Today, we are going explore some famous places of Punjab.

Lahore Fort Badshahi Mosque Lahore Museum Shalimar Garden Minar-e-Pakistan

LAHORE FORT

LAHORE FORT The Lahore Fort, locally referred to as Shahi Qila It is located in the northwestern corner of the Walled

City of Lahore. The existing base structure was built during the reign

of Mughal Emperor Akbar between 1556–1605. It has two gates one is known as Alamgiri Gate build

by Emperor Aurangzeb which opens towards Badshahi Mosque and other older one known as Maseeti which opens towards Masjidi Gate Area of Walled City and was built by Emperor Akbar.

BADSHAHI MOSQUE

BADSHAHI MOSQUE

The Badshahi Mosque or the 'Royal Mosque' in Lahore, commissioned by the sixth Mughal Emperor Aurangzeb.

It is the second largest mosque in Pakistan and South Asia.

It is the fifth largest mosque in the world. the four minarets of the Badshahi Mosque are

13.9 ft (4.2 m) taller than those of the Taj Mahal.

LAHORE MUSEUM

LAHORE MUSEUM The Lahore Museum was originally established in

1865-66 on the site of the hall or building of the Punjab Exhibition.

It was later shifted to its present site located on The Mall in 1894

John Lockwood Kipling, was one of the earliest and most famous curators of the museum.

The Museum contains large collection of paintings, musical instruments, ancient jewellery, textiles, pottery, and armory.

SHALIMAR GARDEN

SHALIMAR GARDEN The Shalimar Garden sometimes written as

Shalamar Gardens, was built by the Mughal emperor Shah Jahan in Lahore.

It was Construct in 1641 AD. The project management of it was carried out

under the superintendence of Khalilullah Khan. It contains three terraces and 410 fountains.

MINAR-E-PAKISTAN

MINAR-E-PAKISTAN Minar-e-Pakistan ("Tower of Pakistan") is a

public monument located in Iqbal Park. The tower was constructed in the 1960. The All-India Muslim League passed the Lahore

Resolution on 23 March 1940. The tower was designed by Naseer-ud-din Murat

Khan. The structural design was given by a civil

engineer Abdur Rehman Khan Niazi

DRESSING

DRESSING The traditional dress for Punjabi men is the

Punjabi Kurta and Tehmat which is being replaced by the Kurta and Pajama.

The traditional dress for women is the Punjabi Salwar Suit which replaced the traditional Punjabi Ghagra.

MUSIC AND DANCE

MUSIC AND DANCE Bhangra is one of the many Punjabi musical art

forms that is increasingly being listened to in the west and is becoming a mainstream favourite.

Punjabi music is being used by western musicians, in many ways, such as mixing it with other compositions to produce award-winning music.

Punjabi Classical music is increasingly becoming popular in the west.

FESTIVAL OF PUNJAB

FESTIVAL OF PUNJAB The culture of Punjab derives its basis

from the institution of Sufi saints. The Sufi saints spread Islam and preached and lived the Muslim way of life

Religious fairs are held on special days of Islamic significance like Eid ul-Adha, Eid-ul-Fitr, Eid-e-Milad-un-Nabi, Ashura, Laylat al-Qadr and Jumu'ah-tul-Wida

FESTIVAL OF PUNJAB The main activities on these special occasions are

confined to congregational prayers and rituals. Melas are also held to mark these occasions.

Basant is also a big festival celebrate in Punjab.

Famous Stories

Famous Stories The Punjabi folk tales do not pine away, but rebel

against the conventional norms of society and sacrifice everything for love.

There are four popular tragic romances of the Punjab

Heer Ranjha, Mirza Sahiba, Sassi Punnun, and Sohni Mahiwal.

FOOD AND CUISINE

FOOD AND CUISINE One of the main features of Punjabi cuisine is its

diverse range of dishes. Home cooked and restaurant Punjabi cuisine can vary significantly, with restaurant style using large amounts of ghee (clarified butter) with liberal amounts of butter and cream, with home cooking concentrating on mainly upon preparations with whole wheat, rice and other ingredients flavored with masala.

FAMOUS FOOD Paratha. Halwa poori. Falooda. Lassi. Makki ki roti. Sheer korma. Shahi Paneer.