rab nawaz jadoon...institute of advanced technology cont… most of today's relics are the ming...

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IAT

University of Scienc e & Technology of China - USTC

Chinese Famous Natural Scenery

and Historical Sites(中国着名自然风景和历史站点)

Rab Nawaz JadoonCAS-TWAS Ph.D Scholar

Wireless Information Network Lab

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Presentation Agenda…

•About Hefei

•The Great Wall of China

•The Forbidden City of Beijing

Rab Nawaz Jadon

•The Terracotta Army in Xi’an

Muhammad Nasir

•Potala Palace –Tibet

•Temple of Heaven

Mohsin Shah

•The Bund of Shanghai

•Yellow Mountains

Majeed Ur Rehman

•The Nanjing Hall

•Summer Palace Beijing

Muhammad Zakir

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Agenda

About Hefei

The Great Wall of China

The Forbidden City

Chinese Tourism Statistics

Conclusion

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About Hefei…

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About Hefei

Formerly known as

— Hofei,

— Luzhou, or

— Luchow

Capital and largest city of Anhui province.

— Located in the center of the province

Geography

— 130Km west of Nanjing

— Chao Lake

▲ 15km --- largest fresh water lake in the city

Area: 11434.24 Km2

Population: 7,790,000 inhabitants 5,484,000 urban.

For more detail visit,hefei.gov.cn

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Climate (Hefei)

Humid Subtropical Climate with

— Four distinct seasons

— Average annual temperature is 16.18 oC

Avg Max, Min Temperature in oC Precipitation total in mm

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Transportation By Air,

— Hefei Xinqiao International Airport

— Opened in 2013

— About 30 Km from the Hefei City Center

— There are 4 shuttle bus lines that run to and from the airport

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Cont…

By train— Hefei Railway Station (合肥火车站 Héféi huoche zhàn) All fast

trains depart from one station in Hefei.

— Fast train codes begin with a D and very fast train codes begin with G.▲ Hefei to Nanjing (45 minutes, ¥65) numerous times daily

▲ Hefei to Shanghai (3 hours, ¥160) numerous times daily

▲ Hefei to Wuhan (3 hours, ¥106)

▲ Hefei to Beijing about 4 hours ¥427

▲ Hefei to Chongqing about 10 hours ¥350

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Cont…

By Bus

— Hefei Long distance bus station

▲ Departs every half hour to

Tianchang (4 hrs),

Ma'anshan (3 hrs),

Anqing (3 hrs),

Bengbu (2.5 hrs),

Huaibei (2.5 hrs),

Chuzhou (2.5 hrs),

Wuhu (2 hrs)

▲ Also provincial lines to

Zhejiang, Jiangsu, Shandong, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangxi, Hebei, Liaoning, Fujian, Guangdong, Beijing, Tianjin, Chongqing, Shanghai, Guangxi, Yunnan, Shanxi,and Shaanxi.

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Cont…

Anhui provincial tour bus station

— This station services Huangshan and Jiuhuashanmountains,

▲ Tunxi, Tianchang ,Yiwu, Shanghai, Tongling, Changsha, Lu'an, Hangzhou, Wuhan and other places.

▲ Buses leave every half hour.

▲ Approx. 4 hours to Huangshan.

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Hefei places of attraction…

HefeiPlaces of Attraction

Swan Lake

Xiaoyaojin park

Dashu Mountain

Hefei Zoo

Chao Lake

Lord Bao Park

Hefei Botanical Garden

Hefei Science and Technology

Museum

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Some Places of Attraction in HefeiSwan Lake

Dashu Mountain

Science and TechnologyMuseum

Hefei Zoo

Botanical Garden

Lord Bao Park

XiaoYaojin Park

Chao Lake

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Part II – The Great Wall of China

(万里长城)

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On the Map…

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Who built the Great wall of China

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Some Interesting Facts

Official Name: The great wall.

Chinese Name: 长城

Literal Meaning: “The Long Wall”

Construction material used: stone, brick, tamped earth, wood, and other materials

Heritage Declaration by UNESCO: 1987

Area covered: East to West.

Total distance: 21,196 km (13,171 mi), according to an astronaut survey.

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Cont…

Most of today's relics are the Ming Dynasty Great Wall: length 8,851 km

The Great Wall is more than 2,300 years old.

More than One Million laborers, 300, 000 were died during construction.

Many were buried within the wall itself.

The Ming Great Wall crosses 9 provinces and municipalities: Liaoning, Hebei, Tianjin, Beijing, Inner Mongolia, Shanxi, Shaanxi, Ningxia, Gansu.

Badaling is the most visited section (63,000,000 visitors in 2001).

Total Construction time was 10 years.

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Badaling --- the most visited section of the great wall of China

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Badaling --- the most visited section of the great

wall of China

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Cont…

First week of May and October, the visitor flow can be up to 70,000 per day.

The average height of the Great Wall at Badaling and Juyong Pass is 7.88 meters, and the highest place is 14 meters high.

Nearly 1/3 of the Great Wall has disappeared without trace.

Since 1644, when the Ming Dynasty was overthrown, no further work has been done on the Great Wall (for military purposes — some has been restored for tourism).

Great Wall reconstruction and protection began with Badaling in 1957.

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Cont…

The great wall was vital to military communication.

Messages were relayed by smoke signals, lanterns and beacon fires.

Beacon and watch towers were built to garrison troops

But the wall never succeeded in keeping out the barbarians.

Genghis khan invaded and conquered china.

Over the centuries, sections of the great wall deteriorated or been dismantled.

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In December 1987 the Great Wall was placed on the World Heritage List

by UNESCO.

The existing structure: Ming Dynasty (1368–

1644). Other purposes of the wall:

Border Control.

Especially famous is the wall built 220–206 BCE by Qin Shi

Huang, the first Emperor of China.

Date: 7th century BCE (several walls were constructed, later join together

and make a famous wall, called the Great

Wall of China.

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Interesting facts about --- The Great Wall of China

The Great Wall of China cannot be seen from space by the human eye without aid.

The Great Wall is not a continuous line:

• There are side walls, circular walls, parallel walls, and sections with no wall (high mountains or rivers form a barrier instead).

In the Qin Dynasty (221–206 BC), glutinous rice flour was used to bind the Great Wall bricks.

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Cont…

The Great Wall labor force included soldiers, forcibly-recruited farmers, convicts, and POWs.

•The First Emperor of Qin was not the first to build the Great Wall.

•He linked the northern walls of the states he conquered.

There most popular Great Wall legend is about Meng Jiangnv, whose husband died building the Wall.

•Her weeping was so bitter that a section of the Wall collapsed, revealing her husband's bones so she could bury them.

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Cont…

The Gubeikou Section of the Great Wall has bullet holes in it, evidence of the last battle fought at the Great Wall.

During the Cultural Revolution (1966–1976), many Great Wall bricks were used in building homes, farms, or reservoirs.

The northwestern Great Wall sections (e.g. in Gansu and Ningxia provinces) are likely to disappear in 20 years, due to desertification and change in human land use.

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Cont…

The Jiankou Section of the Great Wall, known for being steep and winding, enjoys the most appearances on Great Wall picture books and post cards.

The most famous section of the Great Wall —Badaling — has been visited by over 300 heads of state and VIPs from around the world.

•The first of which was Soviet statesman Klim Voroshilov in 1957.

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How the Great Wall was Constructed???

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Cont…

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For your Guidance…

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The Forbidden City Beijing

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The Forbidden City was the residence of the Chinese Emperors, their families, staff and government officials.

• It is one of the most significant symbols of ancient Chinese government.

• Currently the entire palace complex is known as Palace museum.

The Palace Museum

故宮博物院

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Cont…

980 Buildings and 9999 rooms

Built by the Ming emperor Zhu Di (YongleEmperor) in the 1400s

— Took 14 years to build

▲ The city was built from 1406 to 1420 and consists of 980 buildings that cover

720,000 square meters (7,800,000 sq. ft.).

▲ UNESCO declared it as a World Heritage Site in 1987.

▲ Also declared as the world's largest preservation of wooden structures from ancient world.

▲ Ever Biggest Museum in the world

imperial collection spanning the Ming and Qing Dynasties.

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Cont…

It is surrounded by a wall of 7.9 m height and 7.5 m depth.

Meridian Gate, the main entrance, by Tianamensquare.

— The middle opening is part of the imperial Way.

— A stone path running, which only the emperor could pass.

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Cont…

Anyone who dared to cross the gates without the prior permission was subject to summary and painful execution.

— It was part of the tradition that doors of all the halls and imperial gardens were decorated with nine rows of nine nails.

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Cont…

The Forbidden City was home to home of 24 emperors –

— 14 of the Ming Dynasty and

— 10 of the Qing Dynasty.

The city ceased to be the seat of political power in 1912 after Puyi,

the last Emperor of China, give up, and allowed the formation of new Republic of China.

— Puyi just became Emperor just in the age of 3 years.

▲ Due to death of his father

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Cont…

The Forbidden City is an array of ancient building and artifacts that include;

— Porcelain and jade

— Gardens

— Plazas

— Historic sites, and

— 9,999 rooms.

90% of the roofs are finished with glazed yellow tiles.

— Yellow was the official color of Chinese Emperors.

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Each of the 9,999 rooms is decorated with statues.

As the importance of each building grows, the number

of statues increases.

The most important room has a maximum of 10

statues.

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About one million artifacts that are housed within the Palace Museum in the Forbidden City are considered Chinese National Heritage items and are thus under the protection of the Chines government.

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Interior of Forbidden CityConcubine Quarter --- Imperial Harem --- Bed

Rooms

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Cont…

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Ceremonial Hall---Interior

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Study room

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Imperial Audience hall

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Night View

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Tourism …

The Forbidden City is the main attraction to tourists in the Chinese Capital - Beijing.

It is one of the most visited ancient sites in the world.

Tour here will be an eye opener.

Very few other museums in the world can claim as much history as the Forbidden City.

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Chinese Tourism Statistics

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Cont…

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Chinese Tourism Promotion ---Video

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YouTube link…

The full version of the presentation you may find on the following link,

— https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vT1DU130kfQ

— Or

— Simply type in the YouTube the following string,

▲ The Great Wall of China by Rab Nawaz Jadoon

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