sat01 ospf
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n n ro uc on oProtocol
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ome as c oncep s o
Protoco l
Router IDA 32bit signless round number is the onlyidentification of a router, and this is unique
in the entire autonomous system.
Number of the ProtocolThe number of OSPF Protocol is 89.
IP Header(Protocol # 89)
PSPF Packet
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The Topological Structure of the Network
Described by OSPF through the Link Status
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rocess o ou e a cu a ngby OSPF
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e g or a eMachine
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acency e a on e - pProcess between Two Routers
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DR(Designated Router)
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NBMA and Point-to-Multipoint
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OSPF Area Division
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Interarea Route Calculation
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ac one reas an r uaConnection
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x erna ommun ca onwith the Autonomous System
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STUB Areas and Route Convergence
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LSA Classification
Router-LSA is created by each router. It describes the link status and overhead of the router andtransfers themto the whole area.
Network-LSA is created by DR. It describes the link status of the local stub network and transfers it
to the whole area.
Net-Summary-LSA is created by ABR. It describes the routes of a certain stub network inside thearea and transfers themto the related area.
Asbr-Summary-LSA is created by ABR. It describes the routes to ASBR and transfers them to the
related area.
AS-External-LSA is created by ASBR. It describes the routes to the outside of AS and transfers them
to the whole AS (except the STUB area).
n er ace ass ca on an
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n er ace ass ca on an
Router Classfication
A ccord ing t o d i f fe r en t l ink l aye r m e d ia , t he O S P F
p ro toco l i s d iv ided i n to t he fo l l owing 4 t ypes o f
n e t w o r k s : B r o a d c a s t , N B M A , P o in t - t o -P o in t a n d
P o i n t - t o - M u l t i p o i n t
A ccord ing t o t he d i f f e r en t ro l e s p l ayed in t he
a u t o n o m o u s s y s t e m , r o u t e r s c a n b e d i v i d e d i n t o :
IA R , A B R , B B R a n d A S B R A ccord ing t o t he d i f f e r en t t ypes , t he s t a tu s o f an
i n t e r f a c e t h a t r u n s t h e O S P F p r o t o c o l c a n b e d i v i d e d
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Why OSPF Is Loop-Free?
Each LSA (Link Status Broadcast) has marked out
the creator (marked with the Router ID of the router
that creates the LSA). The rest routers only take
charge of transmission. In such a way, there will be
no change or misunderstanding to the messages in t
course of transmission.
The route algorithm is SPF. The calculation result is
tree and the routes are the leaf nodes. From the root
en o un e
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en o un e
Protocol
S c a l e o f n e t w o r k There are more than 10 routers in the network; Middle- or large-scale network.
T o p o lo g y s t r u c t u r e o f n e t w o r k
The topology structure of network is the form of a mesh and each two random routers have the deman
for connection.O t h er sp e ci a l d e m a n d s
It requires the routes to be able to converge very quickly when in change and the overhead of the own
network of the route protocol to be as low as possible.
D e m a n d s o n t h e r o u t e r i t s e l f
In running the OSPF protocol, there are certain demands on the processing capability of the CPU of therouter and on the size of memory. The routers with a poor performance is not recommended to run the
OSPF protocol.
on gure e
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on gure e
Protocol-Divide the Area
Basic principles for area division
Divide according to geographical areas oradministrative regions
Divide according to the high end routers of thenetwork
Divide according to the law of IP address
Some restrictive conditions
Scale of the area
Connectivity to the backbone area
ABR processing capability
e as c on gura on or
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e as c on gura on or
Starting the OSPF Protocol
Configure the Router ID of the router
Quidway(config)#router id A.B.C.D
Start the OSPF ProtocolQuidway(config)#router ospf
Configure the OSPF Area
Quidway(config-router)#networkaddresswildcard-maskarea area-id
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Convergence and Virtual
Links
un e n e
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un e n e
Network
sp ay e unn ng a us
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sp ay e unn ng a us
of OSPF
show ip ospf
show ip ospf error
show ip ospf interface
show ip ospf neighbor
sp ay e e ugg ng
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sp ay e e ugg ngInformation of the OSPF
debug ip ospf event
debug ip ospf lsadebug ip ospf packet
debup ip ospf spf
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OSPF Trouble Shooting
Configuration troubleshootingFirst check whether the OSPF Protocol has been started and configured properly
Local area troubleshooting
Check whether the protocol between two
directly connected routers runs properly.
Global area troubleshootingConsider from the aspect of the network topology structure and check whether the
area is properly configuredOther hard questions
To act according to the practical situations.
If the OSPF does not run properly, checkaccording to the
following steps:
au s e ween e
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au s e ween eNeighboring Routers
E i A Di i i
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Errors in Area Division
Oth P ibl F lt
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Other Possible Faults
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