the caracatita proposal
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ENBE | Final Project | Part A: Report | The Better Livable Town Representation
Fong Wen Ying Cynthia | 0320499 | Miss Renee | FNBE Aug 2014 | Taylor’s University 1
Better Livable Underwater Town
The Caraca t i ta
Name : Fong Wen Ying Cynthia (0320499)
Course : Foundation in Natural and Built Environment (Aug ’14)
Tutor : Miss Shazreene Nurjana
ENBE | Final Project | Part A: Report | The Better Livable Town Representation
Fong Wen Ying Cynthia | 0320499 | Miss Renee | FNBE Aug 2014 | Taylor’s University 2
Context:
• Introduction
• A City: Investigation on Better Township (Guidelines & Issues)
• Investigation & Data Collection: Ancient cities
• Investigation & Data Collection: Present cities
• Investigation & Data Collection: Future cities
• The New ‘X’ Town: The Caracatita
• Conclusion
• References list
ENBE | Final Project | Part A: Report | The Better Livable Town Representation
Fong Wen Ying Cynthia | 0320499 | Miss Renee | FNBE Aug 2014 | Taylor’s University 3
Introduction As a part of our final Element of Natural and Built Environment (ENBE) assignment, we
were asked to imagine ourselves as mayors of 30-‐kilometers-‐square wide city with
about 200,000 people and is required to propose the new improved city layout in
Malaysia that improves the people’s living environment and also a sustainable city for
the future. As a group, we agreed on a whole new setting for our city, which is an
underwater city.
In the process of this project, we learnt how and what makes a city as well as how other
famous existing cities such as Byblos, Gaziantep and Portland are sustained. Therefore,
we have to study about cities at different period of time (ancient cities, present cities
and the future cities) in order to plan and achieve a better city.
This project is to expose the elements of the natural and built environment in their basic
unit, form and function as well as to help students understand the impact between
natural and built environment.
ENBE | Final Project | Part A: Report | The Better Livable Town Representation
Fong Wen Ying Cynthia | 0320499 | Miss Renee | FNBE Aug 2014 | Taylor’s University 4
City
A city is a center of population, culture or a relatively large and permanent human
settlement that have a specific administrative, structure and system based on local law.
It is a place where people live and work together.
The building of cities has a rather long and complex history. Although city planning as an
organized profession has existed for less than a century, all cities display various degrees of
forethought and conscious design in their layout and functioning. Early humans led a
nomadic existence, relying on hunting and gathering for daily needs. About 8000 and 10000
years ago, systematic cultivation of plants and the domestication of animals allowed for more
permanent settlements such as some of the earliest cities in the 7500BC and also in the
Neolithic times.
ENBE | Final Project | Part A: Report | The Better Livable Town Representation
Fong Wen Ying Cynthia | 0320499 | Miss Renee | FNBE Aug 2014 | Taylor’s University 5
What makes a city, a city?
As mentioned above, a city is a place where people settle down permanently and
therefore, as the mayor of a city, one have to make sure that there are good circulation
and connectivity all round the city as well as complete and convenient facilities or
services provided. Having efficient power supply, water, food supplies and daily needs
also play an important role in maintaining the existence of a city.
But, what makes a good city?
But what really makes a city good and sustainable?
Among other things, great cities welcome ethnic
diversity, support and foster the arts, have access
to venture capital to spur entrepreneurship and
innovation and benefit from healthy environments
that provide clean air and water. A good city will
definitely last with government entity that has
powers delegated by the votes of the citizens in the city fairly.
What will future towns be like?
It is hard to make a statement of what is a future city and what makes it futuristic as
everyone has their point of views and opinions. For me, I would prefer a quieter place
and where tranquility and happiness exist. I understand that future cities do not
necessarily need shiny flying cars swooping around tall sophisticated skyscrapers,
everything goes back to square one. A future city is a city that is sustainable and healthy
in all aspects like living, working or studying environment, systems and such.
ENBE | Final Project | Part A: Report | The Better Livable Town Representation
Fong Wen Ying Cynthia | 0320499 | Miss Renee | FNBE Aug 2014 | Taylor’s University 6
Investigation & Data Collection:
Ancient Cities 1. Petra, Jordan
Petra, in Jordan, was settled as early as 312 BCE, although the area around the city had
been settled around 7000 BCE. It is mentioned in accounts of Egyptian military
campaigns as well as in the Biblical book of Exodus, as the country of the Horites, with
the city itself referred to as Sela or ‘the cleft in the rock.’
Archaeologists believe that the city was originally settled as a means to control the
natural reservoirs that form beneath it or possibly as a burial site. Writers such as Pliny
the Elder recognized Petra as a major trade site between Gaza and Syria and then on
into Rome, which allowed the city to prosper. It was not until its conquest by Rome in
106 CE that the city began to enter a slow decline.
ENBE | Final Project | Part A: Report | The Better Livable Town Representation
Fong Wen Ying Cynthia | 0320499 | Miss Renee | FNBE Aug 2014 | Taylor’s University 7
The site was forgotten, until 1812, when it was rediscovered by Swiss explorer
Johann Ludwig Burckhardt. The site is now
on the UNESCO Intangible Cultural
Heritage List, and the agency declared
Petra to be ‘one of the most precious
cultural properties of man's cultural
heritage.’
Excavations have demonstrated that it was
the ability of the Nabataeans to control the
water supply that led to the rise of the
desert city, creating an artificial oasis. The
area is visited by flash floods and
archaeological evidence demonstrates the Nabataeans controlled these floods by the
use of dams, cisterns and water conduits. These innovations stored water for prolonged
periods of drought and enabled the city to prosper from its sale.
The combination of how the buildings are built to protect the people and the beauty and
design of the buildings impress me. It defends and look so inspiring at the same time;
for The Caracatita, I plan to do build a defense wall as well.
ENBE | Final Project | Part A: Report | The Better Livable Town Representation
Fong Wen Ying Cynthia | 0320499 | Miss Renee | FNBE Aug 2014 | Taylor’s University 8
2. Derinkuyu Underground City
Approximately built during the 7th to 8th centuries B.C. at Nevşehir Province, Turkey in
the Dderinkuyu district, the Derinkuyu Underground City is considered as one of the
deepest underground city ever found today with an approximate depth of 85m.
The underground city at Derinkuyu could be closed from the inside with large stone
doors; each floor could be closed off separately. The underground city is built mainly to
escape during the attacks above ground due to religious conflicts.
ENBE | Final Project | Part A: Report | The Better Livable Town Representation
Fong Wen Ying Cynthia | 0320499 | Miss Renee | FNBE Aug 2014 | Taylor’s University 9
With the accomodation capacity of an approximately 20,000 people, it also holds a
school complete with study rooms, storage rooms, refectories, churches, wineries and
so much more, One of its interesting feature is its 15,000 ventilation ducts with depth
reaching as deep as 55m; providing fresh air and ventilation deep within the
underground city. It was opened to visitors in 1969 and to date, about half of the
underground city is accessible to tourists.
After reading through articles regarding about the history of Derinkuyu Underground
City, it oroves that us humans will go beyond measure just for protectiom purposes, so
far where they created their own unerground city through simple tools of digging.
One of the key element that I would like to extract from this city is the uses of large
ventilation because it is one of the biggest problems faced when proposing an
underground as well as an underwater city.
ENBE | Final Project | Part A: Report | The Better Livable Town Representation
Fong Wen Ying Cynthia | 0320499 | Miss Renee | FNBE Aug 2014 | Taylor’s University 10
Investigation & Data Collection:
Present City
City of Lancaster, UK
A relatively small city of 7 square miles and 60,000
residents that is located within driving distance of
Washington, DC. It is named after its largest settlement,
Lancaster, but covers a far larger area which includes the
towns of Morecambe, Heysham and Carnforth, as well as
outlying villages, farms and rural hinterland. In the Domesday Book, some of its lands
had been treated as part of Yorkshire. The area in between Mersey and Ribble formed
part of the returns for Cheshire. Although some have taken this to mean that at this time
south Lancaster was part of Cheshire, it is not clear that this was the case and more
recent research indicates that the boundary between Cheshire and what was to become
Lancashire remained the river Mersey.
ENBE | Final Project | Part A: Report | The Better Livable Town Representation
Fong Wen Ying Cynthia | 0320499 | Miss Renee | FNBE Aug 2014 | Taylor’s University 11
At United Kingdom Census 2001,
the City of Lancaster had 97,365
residents aged 16 to 74. Of these
people, 4.0% are students with
jobs, 9.6% students without jobs,
5.1% looking after home or family,
6.0% permanently sick or disable
and 2.8% are economically inactive
for other reasons.
In 2001, of the 55,906 residents of the City of Lancaster in employment, the industry of
employment was:
• 16.7% retail and wholesale
• 4.2% health and social work
• 11.4% education
• 11.2% manufacturing
• 7.8% property and business services
• 6.7% for construction as well as hotels and restaurants
• 6.5% transport and communications
• 5.7% public administration and defence
• 2.5% finance
• 2.4% energy and water supply
• 2.2% agriculture
• 0.4% mining, and 5.3% other.
I hope that the employed and unemployed citizens in The Caracatita would be balance
and I also want to create sufficient job opportunities for all citizens in town.
Economy Percentage
2001 UK Census City of Lancaster
Working age 97,365
Full-‐time employment 33.5%
Part-‐time employment 12.7%
Self employed 7.8%
Unemployed 3.6%
Retired 14.9%
ENBE | Final Project | Part A: Report | The Better Livable Town Representation
Fong Wen Ying Cynthia | 0320499 | Miss Renee | FNBE Aug 2014 | Taylor’s University 12
Investigation & Data Collection:
Future Cities
1. Copenhagen, Denmark
From my point of view, Copenhagen, capital of Denmark, is a promising future
city because it has the criteria of
being one. With an urban
population of 1.2 million and total
land area of 77.2 kilometer
square, the main focus of this
potential future city is how the
people travel: cycling. A rather
environment friendly method.
ENBE | Final Project | Part A: Report | The Better Livable Town Representation
Fong Wen Ying Cynthia | 0320499 | Miss Renee | FNBE Aug 2014 | Taylor’s University 13
Cycling became a norm in Copenhagen back in the 20th century where the city’s
first bicycle path was established in 1892. Back then, there was only 2500
bicycles around the city but the number quickly increased after 17 years later
with 80,000 cyclists everyday. The tradition of riding a bike continues until this
day such that about 450,000 people treat cycling as their main transportation
everyday.
Copenhagen is well-‐known as being the most bicycle-‐friendly cities in the world.
The city offers free public bicycles and also with an extensive and well-‐designed
system of cycle tracks. About 36% of all citizens of Copenhagen cycle to work,
school and university; covering 1.2 million kilometers daily.
As mentioned before, Copenhagen aimed to be the world’s first carbon neutral
capital by 2025, an adventurous goal and criteria of a great future city. As for my
town, The Caracatita, I plan to promote a similar transportation method that is
healthy, environment friendly, cheap and convenient.
ENBE | Final Project | Part A: Report | The Better Livable Town Representation
Fong Wen Ying Cynthia | 0320499 | Miss Renee | FNBE Aug 2014 | Taylor’s University 14
2. Singapore
Singapore, officially the Republic of Singapore, is a sovereign city-‐state and island
country in Southeast Asia. It lies off the southern tip of the Malay Peninsula and is 137
kilometers (85 mi) north of the equator. The country's territory consists of the lozenge-‐
shaped main island, commonly referred to as Singapore Island in English and Pulau
Ujong in Malay, and more than 60 significantly smaller islets. [Singapore is separated
from Peninsular Malaysia by the Straits of Johor to the north, and from Indonesia's Riau
Islands by the Singapore Strait to the south.
Water supply and sanitation was a problem for the densely populated island of
Singapore. With total land area of 710 kilometer square and population of 5.3 million.
Singapore goes beyond to provide the very basic but challenging element for the people
which is the efficiency supply of water.
ENBE | Final Project | Part A: Report | The Better Livable Town Representation
Fong Wen Ying Cynthia | 0320499 | Miss Renee | FNBE Aug 2014 | Taylor’s University 15
The reason why Singapore is listed
under the Potential Future City
examples section is due to its
capability to supple enough water
for its people even with limited
land availability. Methods taken such as Local Catchment Water, where rainwater is
collected through drains, canals, rivers etc. and later for drinking water supply.
Desalinated of seawater where Singapore is one of Asia’s largest seawater reverse-‐
osmosis plant, which produces 30 million gallons of water a day.
Though Singapore still import water from Malaysia until 2061 agreement, Singapore is
still classified as a potential to be a fine future city example in my book because of its
initiative to overcome water supply obstacles and maintaining as a sustainable city. A
creditable research and information, which can be used in my proposed city’s water
management system.
ENBE | Final Project | Part A: Report | The Better Livable Town Representation
Fong Wen Ying Cynthia | 0320499 | Miss Renee | FNBE Aug 2014 | Taylor’s University 16
The Caracatita A place where tranquility exist.
The design of The Caracatita city plan is proposed to overcome and extract the benefits
of the rising temperature, air pollution, noise pollution, land pollution etc. and the list
goes on caused by global warming, while simultaneously retaining the humane
experience for the citizens. The reason why our group decided to go underwater is
rather straightforward.
1. to shelter the citizens from the scorching heat and deadly ultraviolet rays due to
the thinning of ozone layer
2. to allow citizens to experience being underwater; as the tagline of this city is, ‘A
place where tranquility exist.’
3. reuse of seawater which can provide sufficient water supply to the city like
Singapore’s iconic desalination of seawater to supply the country’s water needs
ENBE | Final Project | Part A: Report | The Better Livable Town Representation
Fong Wen Ying Cynthia | 0320499 | Miss Renee | FNBE Aug 2014 | Taylor’s University 17
The pink area in the middle is actually a three-‐storey high building designed like an
octopus head; only its top is exposed to sunlight and a little air that acts as an access or
port as well as a garden; the second floor is where this town’s attraction is located and
where people can enjoy and the last floor is the town hall where people gather, while
the other smaller circles that are located on the sea bed and have large area and consist
of residential, commercial blocks, government offices as well as educational buildings
and such.
ENBE | Final Project | Part A: Report | The Better Livable Town Representation
Fong Wen Ying Cynthia | 0320499 | Miss Renee | FNBE Aug 2014 | Taylor’s University 18
Underwater subway is a
personal rapid transit
network based on
human-‐powered
monorail cars, it makes
people’s life very much
easier to move around
the town but it might
cause laziness as all citizens would only seat in the subway and not exercising at all. I
plan to build bicycle lanes so that people can at least exercise a little and also the
walkalator would help a lot as well.
ENBE | Final Project | Part A: Report | The Better Livable Town Representation
Fong Wen Ying Cynthia | 0320499 | Miss Renee | FNBE Aug 2014 | Taylor’s University 19
Residential Zone
There are 3 different buildings in both the semi-‐sphere itself, which are:
1. High density residential, eg.: condominium, apartment etc.
2. medium density residential, eg.: semi detached houses
3. low density residential, eg.: bungalows
Shopping & Business Zone (Commerical)
This zone consists of retail shops, shopping malls and business buildings.
Government, Industrial & Educational Zone
Government buildings are located here (Caracatita Parlimen), water turbines to convert
kinetic energy from waves to electrical energy to supple the town. Caracatita’s College &
University and a few primary and secondary schools are here too.
Hospital, Religious & Services
Two big hospitals for about 200,000 people is just sufficient and with the two churches,
two mosques and temples, the town will be live in faith. As for services, police will do
frequent check on CCTV surveillance over the whole town and since the town is rather
small, it would be safe enough.
Port/Tourism/ Town Hall
Being an underwater town with a surface exposed in air and sunlight, it can be used as a
dock where people from other towns can stop here and therefore proceed with the next
floor as it is a tourist attraction and then the next, the town hall, where people gather
during festivals or such.
ENBE | Final Project | Part A: Report | The Better Livable Town Representation
Fong Wen Ying Cynthia | 0320499 | Miss Renee | FNBE Aug 2014 | Taylor’s University 20
As mentioned before, the top floor of the
main building is an access and also a
garden where people can hang out to
enjoy the sunlight. The garden is part
indoor part outdoor and is inspired by
the Walkie Talkie Building’s highest
floor in London.
Whereas the second floor, the tourist
attraction, a chance for people to
experience being in a see-‐through cage
in water with sharks and other fishes.
People can interact with less dangerous
fishes as well as this floor provides
snorkeling and scuba diving.
The Caracatita’s town hall is located in the main building’s third floor, a place where
people gather during festivals or any meetings and such. It is just a typical big empty
hall with chairs and tables to be used when needed.
ENBE | Final Project | Part A: Report | The Better Livable Town Representation
Fong Wen Ying Cynthia | 0320499 | Miss Renee | FNBE Aug 2014 | Taylor’s University 21
Elements in The Caracatita
1. Fixed transit routes
Fixed transit routes are planned for
subways, a walkalator and bicycle routes
throughout the town. Fixed transit helps
to guide development and keep the
streets busy. When development happens
around fixed-‐transit, it is easy to get
around on foot because everything is closer together.
2. Bicycle friendly town
Multistory automatic bicycle parking stations are located almost everywhere in
the town for working citizens as well as students to ride to everywhere they
want to go. Special carriages on subways are planned for cycliests to board with
their bicycles. Bicycle lanes are paved and are closed from other mobile vehicles
to ensure the safety of cyclists.
ENBE | Final Project | Part A: Report | The Better Livable Town Representation
Fong Wen Ying Cynthia | 0320499 | Miss Renee | FNBE Aug 2014 | Taylor’s University 22
3. Road System
Specialized subway lane, properly divided walkalators and bicycle lane for a
better disciplined and systematic traffic.
4. Wave technology
Unlike fossil-‐fules power plants, wave and tidal energy facilities generate
electricity wihtout producing any
pollution emissions or greenhouse
gases. Since the first wave and tidal
energy facilities are currently being
deployed, the full environmental
impacts of wave and tidal power
remain uncertain but are projected to
be small. The tidal wave technology is the use of kinetic energy produced from
the movement of the waves to spin the turbine that is then converted to
electrical energy that will provide electricity to the entire town.
Wave energy à Kinetic energy à Electrical energy
ENBE | Final Project | Part A: Report | The Better Livable Town Representation
Fong Wen Ying Cynthia | 0320499 | Miss Renee | FNBE Aug 2014 | Taylor’s University 23
5. Thick transparent protection glass dome
The town is covered by a special thick transparent glass that gives out a kind of
sound and vibration in water about few feet away from each zones to keep the
aquatic animals away. It will not harm the animals unless it brings harm to us,
the thick outer glass will give a little electric shock to any animals when it brings
danger.
6. Fulfill the needs of citizens.
All facilities and demand that are needed by citizens are proved in The Caracatita
such as settlement, healthcare, security etc. It gives the citizens a feeling of
security.
ENBE | Final Project | Part A: Report | The Better Livable Town Representation
Fong Wen Ying Cynthia | 0320499 | Miss Renee | FNBE Aug 2014 | Taylor’s University 24
With the inspiration from City of Lancaster, the citizens of this city will have a rather
wide opportunity for jobs so that all family in The Caracatita would have a comfortable
and happy lifestyle. I am really inspired with the air ventilation from the Derinkuyu
Underground city. As well as underwater city, it needs ventilated and a not suffocating
ventilation air way.
Being underwater, we would never know what is coming and what we will be facing;
strong currents, wild animals and many more. I have studied and plan to build a thick
special glass that gives out a kind of sound and vibration in water about few feet away
from each zones to keep the aquatic animals away. It will not harm the animals unless it
brings harm to us, the thick outer glass will give a little electric shock to any animals
when it brings danger.
ENBE | Final Project | Part A: Report | The Better Livable Town Representation
Fong Wen Ying Cynthia | 0320499 | Miss Renee | FNBE Aug 2014 | Taylor’s University 25
Important elements of town:
1. Resident – houses, apartment etc.
2. Water and electricity – dam that converts kinetic energy into electrical and
imitated the way Singapore reuse seawater (reverse-‐osmosis)
3. Health services – hospitals, clicnics etc.
4. Educational – At least two universities, three secondary schools and four
primary schools to balance up the economy.
5. Transportation – only bicycles, walkalators, electric scooters and subways
6. Security – police play a very important role in protecting the city in order to
bring a feeling of security
7. Government – government buildings are as important as landmarks
8. Business – to create job opportunities
9. Religious – churches, mosques, temples and so on should exist in towns in order
to make sure the people live in faith and happiness as well
10. Recreational areas – are for when citizens want to release stress
ENBE | Final Project | Part A: Report | The Better Livable Town Representation
Fong Wen Ying Cynthia | 0320499 | Miss Renee | FNBE Aug 2014 | Taylor’s University 26
Conclusion
The design process of new towns is not as east as it seems. From the structure of the
town to the town planning strategies and the features to make if sustainable, every
slightest detail needs to be taken into account to create an organized town.
The idea generation of the town structure started as hard as they are to fulfill other
aspects such as zonings of the town needs to be considered. I have to admit that I had
changed the structure of The Caracatita countless times in order to meet the criteria.
Through all the research about the cities above, I had learnt the priority of citizens is
place before everything. Secondly, to achieve a future town, green town planning is
mandatory. I have known more about sustainability and ways to make a town
sustainable.
To put in a nutshell, we need to be smart when come to planning a town. We cannot just
simply plan the way we want it but to think far and see the future.
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