the mosque cathedral of cordoba (哥多華 清真寺-大教堂)

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Riverside Ronda street (Calle Ronda de Isasa)

河濱大道隆達街

Roman bridge 羅馬橋

Bridgehead of Roman Bridge Gate

羅馬橋的橋門

Bridge Gate 橋門

Triunfo de San Rafael 聖拉斐爾凱旋柱

壁龕

大教堂

聖埃斯特門橘子庭院

鐘樓尖塔

清真寺拱柱門廊

橘子庭院Orange courtyard

Exit 出口

Entrance 入口

N

Door San Ildefonso

聖方索門

The Mosque–Cathedral of Cordoba

The Mosque–Cathedral of Córdoba, also known as the Great Mosque of Córdoba, is the

Catholic cathedral of the Diocese of Córdoba located in the Spanish region of Andalusia . The

structure is regarded as one of the most accomplished monuments of Moorish architecture .

The site originally was a small Christian temple. When Muslims conquered Spain in 711, the

church was first divided into Muslim and Christian halves. This sharing arrangement of the site

lasted until 784, when the Christian half was purchased by the Emir 'Abd al-Rahman I , who

then proceeded to demolish the original structure and build the grand mosque of Cordoba on

its ground. Córdoba returned to Christian rule in 1236 during the Reconquista , and the

building was converted to a Roman Catholic church, culminating in the insertion of a

Renaissance cathedral nave in the 16th century.

The building is most notable for its arcaded hypostyle hall, with 856 columns of jasper , onyx ,

marble , and granite . These were made from pieces of the Roman temple as well as other

destroyed Roman buildings. The double arches consist of a lower horseshoe arch and an

upper semi-circular arch. The famous alternating red and white voussoirs of the arches were

inspired by those in the Dome of the Rock.

The edifice also has a richly gilded prayer niche or mihrab. The mihrab is a masterpiece of

architectural art, with geometric and flowing designs of plants.

Other prominent features were: an open court surrounded by arcades, screens of wood,

minarets, colorful mosaics, and windows of colored glass. The walls of the mosque had

Quranic inscriptions written on them.

哥多華 清真寺-大教堂 簡介

哥多華 清真寺大教堂，也稱為哥多華 大清真寺，是西班牙安達盧西亞哥多華教區天主教大教堂。其結構被視為摩爾式建築最有成就的古蹟之一。

此地原本是基督教的一個小教堂。在711年當穆斯林征服西班牙，教堂首次分為穆斯林和基督徒各一半。一直持續到784年，基督徒的一半被拉赫曼一世買下，拆除原有的結構，打造成哥多華大清真寺。1236 年基督教統治奪回失地哥多華，又被轉換為羅馬天主教教堂，最終在16世紀插入建造了一座文藝復興時期的教堂中殿。

該建築是最值得注意的是它的騎樓柱式大廳，856根碧玉，瑪瑙，大理石和花崗岩柱子。這些都是取自從前羅馬神廟以及其它損壞的羅馬建築。雙拱門其下層為馬蹄形拱門，上層是半圓拱門。著名的紅白色交錯拱門是由圓頂清真寺的啟發而來。

清真寺還擁有壯麗的鍍金祈禱壁龕。該壁龕是具有植物幾何形狀和流動設計的建築藝術傑作。

其它突出特點是：一個由拱廊環繞開放式庭院，木製屏幕，尖塔，彩色馬賽克和彩色玻璃窗戶。還有寫著古蘭經銘文的清真寺牆壁。

West facade of the mosque

清真寺的西立面外牆

Door San Ildefonso

(Puerta de San Ildefonso)

聖方索門

Orange courtyard west side Great Mosque entrance

橘子庭院西側清真寺入口

Inside the orange courtyard

橘子庭院裡面

Bell Tower

The 54m-high bell tower reopened

to visitors in 2014 after 24 years of

intermittent restoration work, and

you can climb up to its bells for fine

panoramas.

鐘樓經過 24 年斷續的修復工作，在2014 年，54 米高的鐘樓重新向遊客開放，爬到上面可以欣賞城市全景。

West Arcade

西側拱廊

This was the main entrance into the mosque when the religious festival, today visitors

enter through a different gate in order to preserve the door’s structure and its mosaics.

這是清真寺在宗教節日時進入的主入口大門，目前訪問者通過另外的門進入，以保護大門的結構和上面的馬賽克。

North side Orange Courtyard entrance gates

北側橘子庭院入口大門

View from back of choir, looking upwards glimpses of the Italian-style renaissance ceilings.

唱詩班的後方，往上可以瞥見意大利風格文藝復興的天花板。

Ceiling detail of Cathedral

大教堂的天花板細部

The Cross under the Islamic arch columns at the east wall of the chapel

教堂東牆在回教拱柱下的十字架

The penetrated light from the stained glass windows, projected onto the floor,

tourists will use the projected light pictures here.

從彩色玻璃窗滲入的光線，投射到地上，觀光客們利用投射光在這裡拍照。

The famous Arches & Pillars

著名的拱門和石柱

Moorish wooden ceiling

摩爾人的木製天花板

Mahrab 祈禱壁龕

The mihrab

The focal point in the prayer hall is the

famous horseshoe arched mihrab (prayer

niche). A mihrab is used in a mosque to

identify the wall that faces Mecca—the birth

place of Islam. The mihrab is framed by an

exquisitely decorated arch behind which is

an unusually large space. Gold tesserae—

small pieces of glass with gold and color

backing—create a dazzling combination of

dark blues, reddish browns, yellows, and

golds that form intricate calligraphic bands

and vegetal motifs that adorn the arch.

祈禱壁龕祈禱大廳的焦點是著名的馬蹄拱形壁龕(祈禱壁龕)。清真寺的壁龕用於識別伊斯蘭教誕生地麥加的方向。壁龕裝飾著精美的拱形框架，背後有一個非常大的空間。彩色碎玻璃鑲嵌的金色牌塊，有深藍色，紅棕色，黃色和金色營造出令人眼花繚亂的組合，形成錯綜複雜的彩帶和植物圖案，投射在拱柱之上。

The elaborate octagonal dome 精心設計的八角型穹頂

The most important part of a mosque is the Mihrab. This identifies the direction of

Mecca. It is decorated with gold and other gorgeous colours.

清真寺最重要的部分是壁龕。它標識麥加的方向。裝飾著黃金和其他華麗的色彩。

Hypostyle hall, begun 786 and enlarged during the 9th and 10th centuries. The

expansive prayer hall seems magnified by its repeated geometry. Horseshoe arch

columns are built with recycled ancient Roman columns from which sprout a striking

combination of two-tiered, symmetrical arches, formed of stone and red brick.

拱柱大廳，始建於 786年，9~10世紀期間擴建。價值不菲的祈禱大廳似乎被重複的幾何圖形一再放大。馬蹄拱柱取材自古羅馬列柱，柱頂是高低兩層對稱拱門組合，由白石和紅磚鑲嵌而成。

Hypostyle hall 拱柱大廳

Eastern aisle of Great Mosque

大清真寺東邊走道

Catholic chapels along the east wall. Notice the

elaborate wrought iron work.

東牆天主教小禮拜堂。注意精心製作的鐵藝作品。

Glass window on the floor

地板上的玻璃窗

Cordoba Cathedral's museum

哥多華大教堂博物館

Interior view of Cordoba Cathedral's museum

哥多華大教堂博物館內景

Due to lack of money, this part of the arch contains only white, they are

painted red to match the previous bricks.

由於缺乏金錢，這部分的拱門僅有白色，用油漆成紅色以匹配以前的磚塊。

These marks, copied from ancient blocks of stone in the mosque, were

made by the master quarrymen of 9th- and 10th-century Al-Andalus who

supplied materials for the Great Mosque of Cordoba.

這些標記，是從清真寺古代石頭磚塊拷貝下來的，是 9~10 世紀採石師傅製作，記載哥多華大清真寺物料的提供者。

This ancient arch is illuminated by sunlight.

被陽光照射到的古拱門

In the center of the mosque squats a Renaissance Cathedral was erected which

dates back to the early thirteenth century. It looks very impressive and unique.

在清真寺中央豎立著一座文藝復興時期的大教堂，可追溯到十三世紀初。它看起來非常獨特令人印象深刻。

Photo of the organ ceiling

above the enclosed choir area

of the Cordoba Cathedral.

哥多華大教堂唱詩班封閉區上方，管風琴天花板的照片。

High altar 高祭壇

These stunning mahogany choir stalls were carved around 1750 by a well-known artist from

Seville, Pedro Duque Cornejo, and a team of artisans. It is one of the last masterpieces of the

Spanish Baroque and the last carved choir stall to be built in Spain.

這些壯麗的桃花心木唱詩班檯座，是來自塞維利亞的著名藝術家，佩德羅·杜克科內霍，和一隊工匠在1750年雕刻而成。它是西班境內的西班牙巴洛克藝術和唱詩班檯座雕刻最後傑作之一。

Baroque lecturn carved out of

mahogany, marble and jaspar.

由桃花心木，大理石和碧玉雕刻出來的巴洛克式講座。

This altar stands against a

remnant of Hakam II's east wall,

torn down by Almanzor to build the

expansion of the Great Mosque.

這祭壇代表哈卡姆二世時東牆的遺跡，由阿爾曼索爾拆掉擴建大清真寺。

North Arcade

北側拱廊

Orange courtyard (Patio de los naranjos) of the Great Mosque

大清真寺的橘子庭院

North Arcade

北側拱廊

Orange courtyard north side Great Mosque exit

Door Cono Gordo

橘子庭院北側清真寺出口卡諾戈多門

Virgin of Lanterns

(Virgen de los Faroles)

燈籠聖母祭壇

Thomas street

(Calle Tomás Conde)

托馬斯街

Alcázar de los Reyes Cristianos

基督教君主城堡

Alcázar de los Reyes Cristianos walls

基督教君主城堡圍牆

Alcázar de los Reyes Cristianos

基督教君主城堡

Spanish Music ： Pray For Spanish Eyes~Madonna

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