the renewable energies a hope for the future? 11 april 2008 zardoua brahim magistère pcm1

21/04/23 1

The renewable energiesThe renewable energiesA hope for the future?A hope for the future?

11 April 200811 April 2008

ZARDOUA BrahimMagistère PCM1

Ecole Normale Supérieure de Cachan

brahim.zardoua@ens-cachan.fr

21/04/23 2

The renewable energies Home

I. Renewable energy. Why?

1. Energy : Present and future2. Global warming

3. Effects on environment

II. Different forms of renewable energy

1. What does « renewable energy » mean again?2. Various forms of renewable energy (Solar power, geothermal

power, wind power, hydroelectric power, biomass, biogas...)

III. Conclusion

21/04/23 3

HomeII.Renewable energy. Why ?

1. Energy : Present and future

21/04/23 4

HomeII.Renewable energy. Why ?

1. Energy : Present and future

1 Gtep = 42 GJ

21/04/23 5

HomeII.Renewable energy. Why ?

2. Global warming

http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/90/CO2-Temp.png

21/04/23 6

II.Renewable energy. Why ?Home

3. Effects on environment

Glaciers melting

21/04/23 7

II.Renewable energy. Why ?Home

3. Effects on environment

Glaciers melting

Most powerful and frequent hurricanes

21/04/23 8

II.Renewable energy. Why ?Home

3. Effects on environment

Glaciers melting

Most powerful and frequent hurricanes

Drought

21/04/23 9

HomeII.Different forms of renewable energy

1. What does « renewable energy » mean again ?

Natural sources

Clean, available, and economical

Heat and electricity

Various forms : solar power, water power, geothermal power, wind power, biomass, biogas...

21/04/23 10

HomeII.Different forms of renewable energy

2. Various forms of renewable energya. Solar power

Solar power tower (10MW), California Solar power tower (11MW), Seville

Photovoltaic panels (electricity) Solar thermal panels (hot water)

21/04/23 11

HomeII.Different forms of renewable energy

2. Various forms of renewable energya. Solar power

Parabolic Trough Solar (electricity)

21/04/23 12

HomeII.Different forms renewable energy

2. Various forms of renewable energyb. Geothermal power

Clean, sainstable and reusable

Electricity, hot water, space heating

Iceland : 17% electricity

87% hot water

Krafla Geothermal Station in Northest of Iceland

21/04/23 13

HomeII.Different forms of renewable energy

2. Various forms of renewable energyb. Geothermal power

Three types :

Médium and high temperature sources (100 to 150°C) : 3000 to 5000 m, electricity

21/04/23 14

HomeII.Different forms of renewable energy

2. Various forms of renewable energyb. Geothermal power

Three types :

Médium and high temperature sources (100 to 150°C) : 3000 to 5000 m, electricity

A low-temperature source (30 to 100°C) : 1500 to 2500 m, heating network

21/04/23 15

HomeII.Different forms of renewable energy

2. Various forms of renewable energyb. Geothermal power

Three types :

Médium and high temperature sources (100 to 150°C) : 3000 to 5000 m, electricity

A low-temperature source (30 to 100°C) : 1500 to 2500 m, heating network

A surface or very low-temperature source (T less than 30°C) : to heat a building (geothermal heat pump)

21/04/23 16

HomeII.Different forms of renewable energy

2. Various forms of renewable energyb. Geothermal power

Three types :

Médium and high temperature sources (100 to 150°C) : 3000 to 5000 m, electricity

A low-temperature source (30 to 100°C) : 1500 to 2500 m, heating network

A surface or very low-temperature source (T less than 30°C) : to heat a building (geothermal heat pump)

21/04/23 17

HomeII.Different forms of renewable energy

2. Various forms of renewable energiesc. Wind power

Electricity

Clean, available

Reduces greenhouse gas emissions

Cheap

Wind turbine : 1MW

Offshore wind turbines near Copenhagen

21/04/23 18

HomeII.Different forms of renewable energy

2. Various forms of renewable energyd. Hydroelectric power

Electricity => hydroelectricity

No carbon dioxide, no greenhouse gas emissions

19% of world electricity

75% of renewable

The Three Gorges Dam (22,5 GW), China

21/04/23 19

HomeII.Different forms of renewable energy

2. Various forms of renewable energye. Biomass, Biogas

Decomposing organic matter

Applications : Domestic heating, electricity production

Carbon neutral

Biogas : methanization, fermentation of biomass

21/04/23 20

HomeII.Different forms of renewable energy

2. Various forms of renewable energye. Biomass, Biogas

Biofuel : an alternative to petroleum ?

21/04/23 21

HomeII.Different forms of renewable energy

2. Various forms of renewable energye. Biomass, Biogas

21/04/23 22

Thank you for Thank you for your attentionyour attention

Do you have questions ?Do you have questions ?

21/04/23 23

Links and referencesLinks and references

Gaz De France :Gaz De France :

https://www.gazdefrance.com/EN/D/1374/renewable-energies.html

US department of energy :US department of energy :

http://www.energy.gov/energysources/index.htmlhttp://www.energy.gov/energysources/index.htmlhttp://www.planete-energies.com/content/renewable-energies.htmlhttp://www.planete-energies.com/content/renewable-energies.html

« Energie et Environnement »« Energie et Environnement », by D. Sylvain teacher in , by D. Sylvain teacher in IPNIPN (Institut de (Institut de Physique Nucléaire d'Orsay), researcher in Physique Nucléaire d'Orsay), researcher in CNRSCNRS

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renewable_energyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renewable_energyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Effects_of_global_warminghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Effects_of_global_warminghttp://www.nrel.gov/cleanhttp://www.nrel.gov/clean energy/bioenergy.html energy/bioenergy.htmlhttp://www.solarnavigator.net/solar_panels.htmhttp://www.solarnavigator.net/solar_panels.htm