web in extreme environment: beyond cross browsing

Web in Extreme Environment:Beyond Cross-Browsing

Greg ShinLG Electronics / Corporate Learning Center

LG 전자 러닝센터 신승식http://gregshin.pe.kr/November 3, 2008

민간부문의 장애인 웹 접근성 제고 세미나 대한상공회의소 국제회의실

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Increasing diversity in web access

Imagine that you are facing web in/with:

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Digital divide and mobile Web

(Photo source: The Economist) (Source: http://www.opera.com/mobile_report/2008/09/ )

• Growth rate of Africa's mobile phone industry is double the global rate. (according to ITU)

• Libya's growth: 3780% in 2008 (according to Opera)

• Mobile phones penetration > PC penetration in many countries (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mobile_phone_penetration_rate )

• Mobile Web for Social Development Interest Group in MWI, W3C

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Characteristics of mobile Web

Limitations

• Small viewport

• Low memory capacity

• Low bandwidth

• Stripped-down

• Cost

• User goals

• Advertising

• Different User Experience

(Excerpted from http://www.w3.org/TR/mobile-bp/ )

Advantages

• Personal

• Personalizable

• Portable

• Connected

• Location-awareness

• One-hand operation

• Always on

• Universal alerting device

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W3C Mobile Web Initiative

Bad user experience when accessing

Web on phone

• Mobile Web Best Practices for Web

Developers

• MobileOK for Web sites following

Best Practices

• Education and Training

High Costs when developing mobile

Web content

• Improve Device Description

Repository technology

• Test suites to improve browser

interoperability

Digital divide in developing countries

• Bridge the digital divide and provide

minimal service through mobile

device

(Image source: http://www.w3.org/Mobile/About )

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Delivery Context

• Adaptation

– Server Side: Opera Mini, DeepFish

– In-Network: Google M, PhoneFavs, Skweezer

– Client Side: Safari, Blazer, SkyFire, Opera Mobile, Iris Browser, Web Browser

for S60, Nokia S40 Series Browser, Infraware POLARIS

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• Establishing Context

– CC/PP (Composite Capability/Preference Profiles)

– UAProf

– CSS3 Media Queries

• Choice of User Experience

– Desktop focused

– Mobile focused

• Default Delivery Context

Source: http://www.w3.org/TR/mobile-bp/ and more.

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Shared experiences of mobile users and people with disabilities

• Viewing the Web through a pinhole.

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Web Content Accessibility and Mobile Web

Web sites can more efficiently meet design goals when developers understand the significant overlap between making a Web site accessible for a mobile device and for people with disabilities.

Common Barriers

1. Content must be perceivable.

2. Interface components in the content must be operable.

3. Content and controls must be understandable.

4. Content should be robust enough to work with current and future user agents.

Color, page size, scrolling, visual presentation, text alternatives, text input, table layout, CSS

Mouse, page title, serial access, link purpose

Complexity, popup window, flashing/moving/auto-refreshing

Valid markup, scripting, plugin

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Color

Do not rely on colors only. Make sure enough color contrast.

Color Display Black & White Outdoors

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Layout

Make your text readable enough in any environments.

Opera Mini: Naver Opera Mini: Naver, Zoom Google M: ZDNet Korea

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Magnification Scheme 1

• Enlarge image size• Maintain page layout• Enlarge text (vector)

• Firefox 3• Opera 9.6

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Magnification Scheme 2• Maintain image size• Maintain page layout• Enlarge text (vector)

• Safari 3• Chrome 0.2• Firefox 3 - Zoom Text Only• Internet Explorer 7 – View – Text Size• POLARIS Browser 7 - Adjust Font Size

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Magnification Scheme 3

• Enlarge image size• Break page layout• Enlarge text (vector)

• Internet Explorer 7• POLARIS Browser 7

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Magnification Scheme 4

• Enlarge image size• Maintain (lousy) page layout• Enlarge text (bitmap)

• Opera Mini

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Magnification Scheme 5

• Maintain image size• Break the page layout• Enlarge only relative fonts

• Internet Explorer 6• POLARIS Browser 7 - Adjust Font Size

(keeping page layout)

Google M (fixed font size) PhoneFavsSkweezer

* Above photos are not taken from the real mobile phone but composed using the screenshots at PC browser.

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Magnification Scheme 6

• Enlarge image size• Enlarge page (layout) itself• Enlarge text (bitmap)• Narrow the visual field

• PC based general magnification software(s)• Real magnifier

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Suggestions for the "better" magnification

• Content developers should:– Avoid horizontal scroll as much as possible even in the worst condition

– Use fluid / elastic layout (instead of fixed pixel-precision design)

– Use relative font size

– Apply max-width, max-height CSS properties for a large image

– Make the page as simple as possible (eg. Two-column layout is better than three-column layout)

• User agent developers should:– Provide magnifying options

– Provide handy ways to magnify

• Mobile phone developers should:– Provide handy ways to magnify

– Provide handy ways to scroll

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Second Window

• More desktop users block pop-up windows.• Pop-up windows are distracting for the blind, people with low vision,

people with cognitive disabilities, people with motor disability and me!• Almost all mobile browsers do not support unexpected pop-ups.• Most mobile browsers do not support new window link target.

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User input

• Make user input as simple as possible.• Browsing/selecting is generally easier than searching.

Requires typing long text Can search and browse

Image source: http://www.webcredible.co.uk/user-friendly-resources/web-usability/mobile-guidelines.shtml

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Conclusion

• Web sites can more efficiently meet both goals when developers understand the significant overlap between making a Web site accessible for a mobile device and for people with disabilities.

• Users of mobile devices and people with disabilities experience similar barriers when interacting with Web content.

• Following two guidelines (Web Content Accessibility Guidelines and Mobile Web Best Practices) makes your Web content more accessible to everyone regardless of situation, environment, or device.

• Try to be inclusive of extreme environment and users when developing a Website to guarantee accessibility from people with disability and people with a brand new mobile device.

Source: http://www.w3.org/WAI/mobile/