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TITTLE:Human as a Complex

Organism

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The types and

funct ions o f humancel ls  

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THE TYPES AND FUNCTIONS

OF HUMAN CELLS Epithel ial c ells

Cover outer surface of the body, line cavities

and protect

Used in the absorption and excretion of

substances.

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Sperms

Fertilise an egg, enabling information to be

transferred from one generation to the next Nerve cells

Detect stimuli from the surrounding

environment

Transmit electrical signals to all parts of the

body

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Organ isat ion o f cel ls  

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Epithel ial t issue

 Acts as a protective lining and covering of

the surfaces of the skin and organs. For examples, the inner walls of the digestive

tract and alveoli.

Connect ive t issue

Forms the structural framework of the body.

Provides protection for vital organs.

Provides support for interconnection.

Transports nutrients and waste products.

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Nerve t issue

Carries information in the form of electrical

impulses. A nerve tissue is like a cable with many small

wires transmitting information to the centralnervous system (CNS) and from the CNS to the

different parts of the body. Muscle t issue

Enables body movement through contractions.

The movement may involve the whole body, part

of it or some material along a tube within it, forexample, the intestinal tract, blood vessels, irisand heart.

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HUMAN BEINGS ARE

COMPLEX ORGANISMS

The human body is made up of bi l l ions o f cells. It

is a complex organism .

The process in which each type of cel l is

specia lised to perform speci f ic funct ion is known asdiv is ion of labour.

Divis ion of labour among cel ls, t issues, organs

and sys tems ensu res a smooth and eff ic ient

funct ion ing of the hum an body.The human body is m ade up of many systems.

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ORGANISATION OF HUMANS

CELLS Cell - di f ferent cel ls in the body carry ou t dif ferent fun ct ion s.

Examples: muscle cells, bloo d cel ls and n erve cel ls.

Tissue  – is made up of the same type of cel ls. Examples:

musc le t issue, con nect ive t issue, epithelia l t issu e and nerve

tissue.

Organ  – con sists of di f ferent t issu es that are grou ped

together to per form a funct ion. Examples: stom ach, lungs and

heart.

System  – co nsists of di f ferent organs that work to gether to

perform a fun ct ion . Examples: digest ive sys tem, respiratorysys tem and reproduct ive system.

Organism   – is made up of dif ferent sys tem.

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HUMAN BODY SYSTEM

Digest ive system

Digests different classes of food so that the nutrients

can be absorbed easily by the body.

Endocr ine system

Produces hormones

Coordinates and controls body responses to stimuli,

and life processes such as reproduction and growth

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HUMAN BODY SYSTE M

Nervous system

Coordinates and controls most nerve activities

Receives external stimuli and coordinates responses

Skeletal system

Supports the body

Protects internal organs

Enables body movement

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HUMAN BODY SYSTEM

Blood ci rculatory system

Transports oxygen and food to all parts of the bodyTransports excretory products

Muscu lar system

 Allows body movement

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HUMAN BODY SYSTEM

Excretory system

Removes excretory products from the body

•Lungs- remove carbon dioxide and water vapour

•

Kidneys- remove urea, mineral salts and water•Skin- removes urea mineral salts and water

Lymphatic sys tem

Returns lymph to the bloodstreamProtects the body from disease-causing

organisms

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HUMAN  BODY SYSTEM

Reproduct ive sys temProduces reproductive cells.

Female - the ovary produces ova.

Male  – the testis produces sperms.

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  PICTURES  HUMAN BODY

SYSTEM

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Digestive system Endocrine system

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Nervous system Skeletal system

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Blood circulatory Muscular system

system

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Excrectory system Lymphatic system

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Reproductive system

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