xay dung tong dai asterisk tren trixbox (ltphong)

Chuyn h iu hnh linux

Contents I. M hnh trin khai. .................................................................................................................................... 1

II. Bi Ton DEMO ......................................................................................................................................... 1

III. YU CU H THNG ................................................................................................................................ 2

IV. PHN MM CN THIT............................................................................................................................ 3

V. Cc bc ci t v cu hnh. .................................................................................................................. 3

5.1 Gii Thiu V Trixbox. ........................................................................................................................ 3

5.2 To cc user: ....................................................................................................................................... 6

5.3 Cu hnh cc my ni b trong cng ty c th lin lc ni b v hp vi nhau? ........................ 9

5.4 Tng i hng dn tr li t ng. ............................................................................................... 16

5.5 kt ni ra ngoi internet.( kt ni gia qun n qun 5 v khch sn qun 1) ....................... 23

5.6 Gii thiu v giao tip vi PSTN ...................................................................................................... 26

5.7 Lu cuc gi ...................................................................................................................................... 29

5.8 Gii hn thi gian gi ra bn ngoi. ................................................................................................ 32

................................................................................................................................................................ 33

I. M hnh trin khai.

Xy dng h thng in thoi IP (IP Telephony) kt ni tt c cc chi nhnh vn phng thng qua ng

truyn Internet bng rng cho php gi min ph gia cc chi nhnh, vn phng.

Trin khai h thng hi ngh thoi (Voice Conference) gia cc chi nhnh, vn phng da trn h tng h

thng thoi IP thit lp.

H thng thoi IP trin khai theo m hnh SIP Server c h tr sn tnh nng m thoi hi ngh voice

conference a im.

i vi cc nhn vin, c nhn thng xuyn i cng tc bn ngoi cng c th kt ni tham gia hi ngh

thoi thng qua ng truyn Internet bng phn mm Softphone ci t trn my tnh laptop hoc

gi trc tip v s in thoi cng ty v tham gia hi ngh thoi.

II. Bi Ton DEMO Bn c 1 khch sn nh tp. H Ch Minh qun 1 v 1 qun n qun 5.

Yu cu t ra l thit lp 1 ng dy in thoi thc hin lin lc ni b gia cc nhn vin cng chi

nhnh, khc chi nhnh v gi ra bn ngoi pstn sao cho chi ph b ra l thp nht.

STT Chi nhnh ST Nhn vin


1 Tr s chnh. Tp.H Ch Minh(Q1) {s in thoi bn gi vo cng ty: 083999999}

101 Gim c

102 Tip tn

103, 104, 105, 106 B phn chm sc khch hng(103) gm: Phong(104), phc(105),nghi(106)

107 K ton

108 Hp th thoi.

109 S hp ni b

2 Qun n Tp.H Ch Minh(Q5)

201 Qun l.

202 Thu ngn.

S in thoi bn ngoi ca cng ty l: 083999999.

Cho mng khch hng n vi khch sn NICKO xin vui lng bm phm s 1 c nghe thng bo v

cc loi phng v gi c, bm phm th 2 gp tip tn t phng, bm phm s 3 gp b phn

chm sc khch hng, bm phm 4 li li nhn cho cng ty.

Khi ngi dng bm phim s 1:

H thng s pht thng bo:khch sn hin c 3 loi phng. Loi 1: gi 200.000/m, Loi 2: Gi

300.000/dem, Loi 3: gi 400.000/m. Xin mi bm s 9 kt ni li vi tng i. Xin cm n qu

khch gi ti cng ty chng ti.

Khi ngi dng bm phm 2:

H thng s kt ni vi tip tn cho khch hng t phng trc.


H thng s kt ni n phng chm sc khch hng. Gm 3 nhn vin: phong, phc, nghi. 3 nhn vin

ny s nhn c cuc gi theo nguyn tc xoay vng. Mc nh l 3 nhn vin ny ng nhp vo

hng i qua s 222 ch cuc gi.


H thng s kt ni ngi dng n hp th thoi. ngi dng c th li li nhn phn nh v

thi ca nhn vin v cht lng ca cng ty. Ch c gim c mi c th kim tra hp th thoi

thng qua s 111 mt khu c thit lp sn.

Ngoi ra cc nhn vin trong cng ty c th lin lc ni b vi nhau v cn c th tham gia vo phng

hp hp ni b thng qua s 108 vi mt khu ng nhp l 1234.

III. YU CU H THNG H tng


- H tng mng LAN n nh

- H thng ngun in m bo s n nh v cng sut tiu th ca thit b

- ng truyn Internet n nh m bo bng thng p ng tt cho cuc gi VoIP, mt cuc gi

VoIP theo chun PCMA yu cu bng thng ti thiu l 64kbps

- C a ch Public IP tnh ti tr s t SIP Server hoc ng k 1 tn min vi nh cung cp dch v nu

ip ca bn l ip ng.

- H thng my ch cu hnh ti thiu p ng tt vi nhu cu trin khai hin ti

- Card FXO giao tip PSTN (optional)

IV. PHN MM CN THIT Trixbox

WinSCP

Putty

X-LITE

Zoiper Free

V. Cc bc ci t v cu hnh.

5.1 Gii Thiu V Trixbox. TrixBox l mt chng trnh m ngun m c xy dng trn nn h iu hnh CentOS kt hp vi phn

mm Asterisk. Mc tiu ca TrixBox l cung cp cho ngi dng nhng giao din v chc nng cu hnh,

qun tr h thng Asterisk mt cch thn thin v d dng nht.

Sau khi ci t, chng ta c th cu hnh TrixBox thng qua giao din web bng cch g vo trnh duyt

a ch : http://ip-of-trixbox-server


Chuyn sang giao din Admin mode bng cch click chn vo switch gc trn bn phi mn hnh sau

g vo ti khong mc nh l : maint/password


Giao di n c a menu System Status cho bi t tr ng thi ho t ng c a server TrixBox.

Cc cng c c u hnh Asterrisk n m t i menu Asterisk FreePBX


Ta bt u tin hnh ci t tng phn cho tng i:

5.2 To cc user: Trc tin ta cn phi to cc ti khong sip cho tng user bng cch nhp vo khung address ca trnh

duyt a ch ca trixbox (dng FreeBPX).

Ta chn click vo Extensions sau chn Submit nhp thng tin cho cc user.

Kt qu thc hin ca cc dch v c trin khai trong n.

u im v khuyt im ca h thng.

To user gim c: ST: 101, Tn hin th: giamdoc, password: 1234. Cc thng s cn li tm thi ta

cha quan tm n.


Sau khi in cc thng tin cn thit ta click vo button submit lu li.

Tng t ta cng to cc user khc vi cc thng tin nh sau:

Tip tn: ST: 102, Tn hin th: tieptan, password: 1234.

B phn chm sc khch hng: ST: 103, Tn hin th: chamsockhachhang, password: 1234.

Phong: ST: 104, Tn hin th: phong, password: 1234.

Phc: ST: 105, Tn hin th: phuc, password: 1234.

Nghi: ST: 106, Tn hin th: nghi, password: 1234.

K Ton: ST: 107, Tn hin th: ketoan, password: 1234.

Hp Th Thoi: ST: 108, Tn hin th: hothuthoai, password: 1234.

Qun l chi nhnh: ST: 201, Tn hin th: quanlychinhanh, password: 1234.

Thu ngn: ST: 202, Tn hin th: thungan, password: 1234.

Sau khi cu hnh xong ta c giao din nh sau:


Lu : phi click vo Apply configuration chances h thng cp nht li gi tr mi.


5.3 Cu hnh cc my ni b trong cng ty c th lin lc ni b v hp vi nhau?

Vo PBX => config File Editor ta cu hnh trc tip vo cc file cu hnh ca asterisk.

Ta click vo Sip_additional.conf v i thnh phn context t from-internal thnh incoming.

Sau ta vo file Extensions.conf bt u thit lp cc k hoch cuc gi cho tng i.


Ta to 1 context [incoming] trong Extensions.conf

[incoming]

;--------------------Goi Noi Bo---------------------------

;dial SIP/101

exten=>101,1,Answer() ;line 1

exten=>101,n,Dial(SIP/101,45) ;line 2 (gi n s ti khon sip 101, trong vng 45 giy nu khng bt my s kt thc cuc gi)

exten=>101,n,Hangup() ;line 3 (kt thc cuc gi)

;dial SIP/102


exten=>102,n,Dial(SIP/102,45) ;line 5

exten=>102,n,Hangup() ;line 6

;dial SIP/104


exten=>104,n,Dial(SIP/104,45,x) ;line 8


;dial SIP/105




;dial SIP/106




;dial SIP/107





;dial SIP/108




;dial SIP/201




;dial SIP/202





thc hin cuc gi ta s dng cc softphone ng k vo cc ti khong sip.

Ta dng zoiper free ng k 1 ti khon gim c

Nh vy ta ng k thnh cng ti khong sip gim c cho tng i.

Ta dng phn mm X-lite ng k ti khong tip tn.


Nh vy ta ng k thnh cng ti khong tip tn

Ta tin hnh thc hin cuc gi th nghim.


Nh vy ta thc hin thnh cng cuc gi gia 2 ti khon ni b trong tng i asterisk.

Ta lm tng t i vi cc ti khon khc.


Ngoi ra cc user trong cng ty cn c th tham gia hp ni b vi nhau thng qua s 109.

u tin ta cu hnh trong meetme.conf nh sau.

conf => 109,1234,123416 ; line 1

vi 109 l sophonghop,1234 l matkhauvaophong,123456 l matkhauamind .

Sau thm vo extensions.conf nh sau.

;--------------------------- hop noi bo ------------------------------------

exten => 109,1,goto(hoithoai,109,1) ;line 28

[hoithoai]

exten => 109,1,goto(conf,1) ;line 29

exten => conf,1,Meetme(109|s) ;line 30

exten => conf,2,Hangup() ;line 31

;end of [hoithoai]

Line 28 thuc context [incoming] c ngha l khi user gi vo s 109 th s a n context hi thoi

vo phng hp.


Khi user u tin gi vo s 109 th h thng s yu cu nhp mt khu(1234) vo phng hp. Nu

ng nhp thnh cng h thng s bo y l user u tin v i c user khc ng nhp c th

hi thoi.

5.4 Tng i hng dn tr li t ng. u tin ta thu m cc file m thanh tng tc vi khch hng khi khch hng gi ti.

X l file m thanh bng phn mm Format factory nh dng cc file m thanh v dng .mp3 vi

bitrate bng 128.

X dng phn mm WinSCP a file audio vo /var/lib/asterisk/sounds trong asterisk


Tip theo ta cu hnh k hoch tr li t ng trong file Extensions.conf

;-----------------------Dang nhap vao agent thong qua so 222---------

exten =>222,1,AgentLogin() ;line 20 (ng nhp vo hng i bng cch gi vo s 222)

;-----------------------dang nhap vao hop thu thoai-----------------

exten => 111,1, VoiceMailMain( ) ;line 18 (kim tra hp th thoi bng cch gi vo s 111)

;----------------------huong dan tra loi tu dong----------------------

[xuli]

exten=>s,1,Answer() ;line 32

exten=>s,n,Set(i=1) (khi to gi tr ca i = 1)

exten=>s,n,While($[${i} < 4]) ;line 33 ( to vng lp while pht thng bo cho mng 3 ln)

exten=>s,n,Background(loi_chao) ;line 34 (pht thng ip li cho)

exten=>s,n,Set(i=$[${i} + 1]) ;line 35 (tng i ln 1)

exten=>s,n,EndWhile ;line 36 (kt thc vng lp)

exten=>s,n, Hangup() ;line 37 (kt thc cuc gi)


exten=>1,1,goto(baogia,s,1) ;line 38 (bm phm 1 chuyn ti context bo gi)

exten=>2,1,Playback(tiep_tan) ;line 39 (pht thng ip tip tn)

exten=>2,n,Answer() ;line 40

exten=>2,n,Dial(SIP/102,45) ;line 41 (gi n s sip 102 ca tip tn)


exten=>3,1,goto(chamsockhachhang,s,1) ;line 43 (i n context chm sc khch hng)

exten=>4,1,Playback(hop_thu_thoai) ;line 44 (pht thng ip hp th thoi)

exten=>4,2,VoiceMail(u108@default) ;line 46 (tham s u gip ta vo hp th thoi khi s in thoi khng tr li)

exten=>4,102,VoiceMail(b108@default) ;line 47 (tham s b gip ta vo hp th thoi khi s ta gi ti ang bn)

[baogia]

exten=>s,1,Answer() ;line 48

exten=>s,n,Background(gia_ca) ;line 49 (pht thng ip bo gi c cc loi phng)

exten=>s,n,Hangup() ;line 50

exten=>9,1,goto(xuli,s,1) ;line 51 (i n context x l)

[chamsockhachhang]

exten=>s,1,Playback(cham_soc_khach_hang) ;line 52 (pht thng ip chm sc khch hng)

exten=>s,n,Queue(tu_van) ;line 53 (a khch hng vo hng i nu s khch hng gi ti

ln hn s nhn vin t vn. Ngc li th kt ni vi nhn vin t vn)

Ta chnh cc thng s ca hp th thoi trong voicemail.conf

;matkhau, tenhopthu, mailchuhopthu

108 => 1234, hopthu, 108@device ;line 1


Ta cn cu hnh

Tip theo ta cu hnh trong queue.conf v agents.conf

Trong agents.conf ta thm vo.

agent => 104, 1234, Phong ;line 1

agent => 105, 1234, Phuc ;line 2

agent => 106, 1234, Nghi ;line 3


Ta cu hnh trong queues.conf nh sau.

[tu_van] ; To hng i nhansu

;Khng gii hn dung lng hng i

member => Agent/104 ; Agent/AgentID

member => Agent/105

member => Agent/106

Khi khch hng gi vo s ca cng ty (083999999) h thng s pht thng ip li cho.


H thng s pht thng ip li cho 3 ln. Nu c 3 ln m khch hng khng n phm h thng s t

gc my.

Khi khch hng bm phm s 1:

H thng s pht thng ip bo gi phng cho khch hng sau hng dn khch hng bm phm 9

tr v ng cnh ban u.

Khi khch hng bm phm 2: h thng s pht thng ip v kt ni vi in thoi ca tip tn.


Khi khch hng bm phm 3. H thng s pht thng ip v kt ni ti b phn chm sc khch hng

ca cng ty.

Vi iu kin l cc nhn vin chm sc khch hng phi ng nhp vo h thng ch i tr li vi id v

password cho trc.

Nhn vin phong: id: 104, password: 1234

Nhn vin phc: id:105, password:1234

Nhn vin nghi: id:105, password:1234

Qu trnh ng nhp vo h thng l nhn vin s gi vo s 222 v nhp id cng vi password ca

mnh. sau khi ng nhp thnh cng th nhn vin s c nghe nhc v ch ti khi c khch hng kt

ni vo.

Sau khi 3 nhn vin ca cng ty ng nhp thnh cng nu c nhiu hn 3 khch hng gi n s a

nhng khch hng ny vo hng i v ch n khi c nhn vin rnh h thng s ngay lp tc kt ni

vi nhn vin .


Khi khch hng bm phm 4. H thng s kt ni vi hp th thoi ca cng ty khch hng c th

li nhng phn hi v thi ca nhn vin cng nh l cht lng dch v ca cng ty.

5.5 kt ni ra ngoi internet.( kt ni gia qun n qun 5 v khch sn qun 1)

Do a ch ip m nh mng cp pht l ip ng nn cn phi ng k 1 mt domain cho router l:

luuthanhphong.no-ip.org

Ta cu hnh trong file sip.conf

bindport = 5060 ;line 1

externip=luuthanhphong.no-ip.org ;line 2 (a ch ip wan ca asterisk server)

localnet=192.168.1.0/255.255.255.0 ;line 3 (lp mng lan ca asterisk server)

externrefresh=60 ;line 4

nat = yes ;line 5 ( phng trng hp client khng thit lp nat th vn

login c)

qualify = yes ;line 6


Sau ta tin hnh nat cho router cc user t bn ngoi c th ng k vo tng i asterisk.

Nat cc port cho router nh trong hnh bn di.

Trn my client cu hnh Softphone :

- Cn thit lp STUN server cho softphone. Nu dng X-Lite, thit lp STUN nm trong tab Topology ca

phn cu hnh ti khon user.


Vic ng k thnh cng. Ta thy thit b c th tr thnh 1 thnh phn ca tng i mc d n 1

ni khc.

5.6 Gii thiu v giao tip vi PSTN Trong phm vi ca n do khng c cc phng tin cn thit nn khng th thit lp cho h thng c

th gi ra ngoi PSNT v ngc li.

Phn sau y ch mang tnh cht gii thiu:

Trong phn cu hnh cho knh FXO chng ta ln lt cu hnh vi cc file zaptel.conf, zapata.conf v

extension.conf thc hin dialplan c bn minh ha cho cu hmh hai file trn.

S dng card TDM22B gm c FXS trn port 1,2 v FXO trn port 3,4. Card ny c gn vi my tnh ci

t asterisk qua cng PCI.


Cu hnh phn cng zaptel.

Trong file cu hnh zaptel.conf c cc thng tin chnh nh sau:

fxsks=3,4 ;line1

loadzone=us ;line2

defaultzone=us ;line3

channels=3,4 ;line4

line 1: cu hnh cho FXO trn port 3,4 l tn hiu fxs: fxsks=3,4. Kiu bo hiu Ks: pht hin thay i

ng dy bng in tr vng.

Line2: cu hnh nhng ch nh t trng ca mi vng hay mi quc gia v cc tn hiu s dng nh dial

tone, ringing cycles, busy tone......

Line3: defaultzone ch nh vng mc nh nu khng khai bo qua thng s loadzone

Sau khi cu hnh chng ta cn phi np driver cho card hot ng, np driver dng lnh modprobe. V

d np driver cho kerney linux wctdm ti du nhc lnh ca linux chng ta dng lnh:

#modprobe wctdm

Sau khi thc hin lnh trn m h thng khng thng bo thng tin g th c ngha l driver np thnh

cng. By gi kim tra cu hnh khai bo trong file zaptel.conf c ng hay khng th dng lnh:

# /sbin/ztcfg -vv

Nu thng tin xut ra nh sau c ngha l cu hnh thnh cng card TDM22B vi 2 port FXO 3 v 4.

Zaptel Configuration

======================

Channel map:

Channel 03: FXS Kewlstart (Default) (Slaves: 03)

Channel 04: FXS Kewlstart (Default) (Slaves: 04)

2 channels configured.

Cu hnh phn cng zapata.

Tp tin etc/asterisk/zapata.conf cho php cu hnh cc knh hot ng qua h thng asterisk, ngoi ra

cn cho php thit lp thay i cch thc hot ng ca phn cng nh cc thng s Caller ID, call

waiting, echo cancellation

Sau y l cu hnh s dng knh FXO trn port 3 v 4:

[channels]

; default


usecallerid=yes

hidecallerid=no

callwaiting=no

threewaycalling=yes

transfer=yes

echocancel=yes

echotraining=yes

busydetect=yes

; Khai bo s dng knh fxo

context=incoming ;cuc gi vo s n [incoming] qua file extensions.conf

signalling=fxs_ks ;S dng tn hiu FXS cho knh FXO

channel => 3,4 ;Hai ng dy in thoi c gn vi port 3 v 4

[channels] L phn khai bo tn hiu s dng cho phn cng TDM v thit lp cc thng s cho knh .

Mt thng s c cu hnh s c hiu lc trong ton b tp tin cho n khi thng s c thit lp

li. Khi cu hnh knh vi thng s channel => th knh s c tha hng tt c cc thng s c

khai bo pha trn dng . Nh vy nn cn ch mi khi mun knh c nhng thit lp g th phi

khai bo li bn trn dng khai bo channel => khng tha hng t nhng thit lp ca knh khc.

usecallerid=yes cho php s dng caller trn card.

hidecallerid=no khng n caller n vi cc cuc gi ra.

callwaiting=no v hiu ha chc nng ch cuc gi trn card FXO.

threewaycalling=yes cho php chc nng m thoi tay ba, iu ny c ngha l thu bo ch gi c

s dng hook switch flash (tm dch l nhp gc my trong thi gian rt ngn) trn bn phm my in

thoi thc hin quay tip cuc gi th ba cng m thoi.

Transfer=yes cho php chuyn cuc gi dng hook switch(nhc gc my tc thi)

echocancel=yes khai bo trit ting di.

echotraining=yes trit ting di lc bt u cuc gi.

busydetect=yes cho php d tone bn, rt hiu ch trong vic gii ta cuc gi khi cuc gi bn. Thit lp

gi tr yes hoc no.

signalling=fxs_ks v channel => 3,4 khai bo s dng knh thoi vi tn hiu fxs tc l knh fxo.

Cui cng l thng s context=incoming cho php thc hin dialplan vi ng cnh incoming trong tp tin

extension.conf

Cu hnh dialplan

Sau y l mt dialplan n gin cho cu hnh trn


[incoming]

;Cc cuc gi vo t port fxo s c chuyn n ng cnh ny

exten => s,1,Answer( )

exten => s,2,Echo( )

5.7 Lu cuc gi Tt c thng tin cc cuc gi s c h thng lu li ti CDR Report ca freeBPX.

Thng tin c lu gm: ngy gi gi, s in thoi ngun, s in thoi ch, knh ngun, knh ch,

trng thi cuc gi, thi lng cuc gi nhng h thng vn cha thu m cuc gi.


Ta s tin hnh thu m cho tt c cc cuc gi bng cch dng ng dng Mixmonitor().

Mun thu m cuc gi no ta ch cn thm ng dng MixMonitor(${UNIQUEID}.wav) v

StopMixMonitor() vo k hoch quay s ca cuc gi .

V d mun thu m khi bt c ngi khc gi vo s sip/101 ta cu hnh nh sau:

;dial SIP/101


exten=>101,n,MixMonitor(${UNIQUEID}.wav) ;line2 (lu li ni dung cuc gi)


exten=>101,n,StopMixMonitor() ;line4



Nhng ta vn cha nghe c file ghi m. Khi click vo th h thng s bo li ng dn file khng tn

ti

c c tp tin ghi m ta cn phi to ra ng dn lu file ghi m.

Nhp dng sau vo ca s dng lnh ca centos.

ln -s /var/spool/asterisk/monitor /var/www/html/maint/cache/monitor


By gi ta c th nghe c tt c file ta ghi m trong CDR Report bng cch click chut vo Recoding

v ti file v my.

5.8 Gii hn thi gian gi ra bn ngoi.

Ta s gii hn ch cho cc thu bao gi in ra bn ngoi trong gii hnh chnh vo cc ngy lm vic.

Mi cuc gi ch thc hin ti a c 10 pht. Qu thi gian trn cuc gi s b ngt.

;-------------------Lien lac tu trong cong ty ra ngoai---------

exten => 083888888,1,GotoIfTime(07:00-11:00|mon-fri|1-31|jan-dec?goirangoai,083888888,1)

;line50

exten => 083888888,2,GotoIfTime(13:00-17:00|mon-fri|1-31|jan-dec?goirangoai,083888888,1)

[goirangoai]

;dial SIP/083888888


exten=>083888888,n,MixMonitor(${UNIQUEID}.wav) ;line52

exten=>083888888,n,Dial(SIP/083888888,45,L(60000,18000,6000)) ;line 53

exten=>083888888,n,StopMixMonitor() ;line54


xay dung tong dai asterisk tren trixbox (ltphong)

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