you know that stem changes in the present tense take place in all forms except nosotros and...

You know that stem changes in the present tense take place in all forms except nosotros and vosotros.Preferir (e > ie)

Prefiero ver programas deportistas.Pedir (e > I)

Pedimos los espeguetis. (No change)

Present Tense

In the preterite, -ir verbs like preferir, pedir, and dormir also have stem changesMust be a stem-changer in Present tense,

AND End with –ir. but only in the Ud./él/ella and

Uds./ellos/ellas forms. (3rd person only)In 3rd person:

e changes to i and o changes to u.

Preterit Tense: -ir

Mi mamá se aburrió y se durmió durante la película. (dormir ou)

Mis padres prefirieron ver el concurso de belleza. (perferir ei)

En la liga compitieron los mejores equipos de México.(competir ei)

preferí

preferiste

prefirió

preferimos

preferisteis

prefirieron

pedí

pediste

pidió

pedimos

pedisteis

pidieron

dormí

dormiste

durmió

dormimos

dormisteis

durmieron

Note the special spelling of the preterite forms of reír:

reí

reíste

rió

reímos

reísteis

rieron

Here are other -ir verbs with stem changes in the preterite tense.

me divertí

te divertiste

se divirtió

nos divertimos

os divertisteis

se divirtieron

MentirMorirPedirSentirseDespedirseSonreirseServirrepetir

Remember:

-ar and –er stem-changers in present tense are NOT stem-changers in the preterit tense.

If stem changes in present AND ends in –ir then it is a stem changer in the preterit tense.Only change in 3rd

personOU orEI

iy stem change in the preterit tense:

CreerLeerOír

remove –er/-ír

-í -ímos

-íste -ísteis

-yó -yeron

Traer & Decir

Yo: traje

Tú: trajiste

Él Ella trajoUd.

Nosotros: trajimos

Vosotros: trajisteis

EllosEllas trajeronUds.

Yo: dije

Tú: dijiste

Él Ella dijoUd.

Nosotros: dijimos

Vosotros: dijisteis

EllosEllas dijeronUds.

IOPs

We have already learned indirect object pronouns with the gustar-like verbs.

We can also use them with verbs where an object is indirectly affected by the verb.She gave the gift to me.

Remember: direct object pronouns are used to indicate who/what the verb directly affects.She gave the gift to me.

IOPs work similarly to DOPs.

Me

Te

Le

Nos

Os

Les

In front of the conjugated verb. (ALWAYS right)Ella me va a dar el regalo.

Attached to an infinitive. (Can only use if one exists in the sentence already)Ella va a darme el regalo.

Attached to a gerund (add the accent mark) (can only use if one exists in the sentence already)Ella está dando el regalo a mí.Ella está dándome el regalo.

me = a mí

te = a tí

le = a él, a ella, a ud., **or another 3rd person

singular

Nos = a nosotros, a nosotras

Os = a vosotros, a vosotras

Les = a ellos, a ellas, a uds.

**or another 3rd person plural

If there is an Indirect object in the sentence, you MUST have an IOP.

You can have the Indirect object AND the IOP or just the IOP in the sentence.

Ella me da el regalo a mí.

Ella me da el regalo.