zavala-hildago, jorge
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Sea-Level trends alon Mexico’s coast
orge ava a- a goCentro de Ciencias de la Atmósfera, UNAM
e pe ern n ez aguey, os . an agoInstituto de Geofísica, UNAM
SEA LEVEL RISE IN THE GULF OF MEXICO , MARCH 1-3 2010
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Background
It is operated by the Institute of Geophysics in UNAM Sea level measurements began in 7 sites: 4 along the Mexican Pacific
, ,Gulf of Mexico (Veracruz, Coatzacoalcos and Progreso).
In 1957, 11 stations were working. Between 1 1 8 1 sites were workin : 8 in the Pacific coast and
6 along the Mexican coast of the Gulf of Mexico.
Measurements on several sites were taken during short periods (~one year)
The main goal was to know the tides in the more important ports of theCountry.
More than 30 sites have been studied and tide calendars and tables aree a orate or t em.
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Location of Ver acruz tide-gauge and benchm arks
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Gulf of Mexico
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Mean w inds from QuickSCAT 1996-2006
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Temperature and currents at 40 m
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Sea level in Veracruz, Ver.
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Sea level in Cd. Mader o, Tam ps.
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Sea level in Tuxpan, Ver .
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Sea level in Alvarado, Ver .
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Sea level in Coatzacoalcos, Ver .
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Sea level in Cd. del Carm en, Cam p.
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Sea level in Pr ogreso, Yuc.
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Sea level long-term trends
Site
Trend
(mm/year) Period
.
in thecomputation
Alvarado, Ver. 1.9 ± 2.3 1955-1981 19
Cd. del Carmen, Camp. 3.4 ± 1.0 1956-1990 26
- . .
Coatzacoalcos, Ver. 2.9 ± 1.5 1952-1988 22
Progreso, Yuc. 2.5 ± 1.2 1952-1984 27
Veracruz, Ver. 1.9 ± 0.6 1952-2003 43
Tuxpan, Ver. 2.8 ± 2.3 1958-1989 16
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Sea level differen ce betw een Veracr uz an d
Cd. Mader o
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Current work in UNAM sea level network
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Modernization of UNAM sea level service
Monitor and forecast
Tides
Storm surges
Sea level changes due to atmospheric and oceanographic
phenomena e c es
Long term sea level changes (climate change and other processes)
Earthquakes and slow earthquakes
Coastal oceanography
Tsunamis
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UNAM sea level network UNAM sea level network
WORKING: 12PROGRAMMED FORREHABILITATION:14
MATLAPAZ
TOP
PES
TAMPRO
SNCAR
MZTL
SNBLAS COZ
IM
VER
CA R
PVALL
L CAR
ZIHUA
ACA
SALCR
Ca m
ALV COA
CHETFRO
P MOR
P ANG HUAT PCHIS
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Almost real time data (Veracru z)http://www.mareografico.unam.mx
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Alm ost rea l time data (Acapulco)http://www.mareografico.unam.mx
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Conclusions
climate change one of them
Regional studies are needed to monitor local sea levelchan es and trends
Positive sea level trends are observed in all analyzed sites inthe Mexican coasts of the Gulf of Mexico
and 1.79 mm year-1), intermediate trends in Cd. del Carmen,Tuxpan and Progreso (3.38, 2.82 and 2.45 mm year-1). Thelargest trend is observed in Cd. Madero, Tamps. (9.16
mm year-1). A careful update of these trends is needed with new data Is ur ent to make an extraordinar effort to monitor the sea
level with state of the art technology
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Thank you !
Veracruz, Ver
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Mexican tide-gauge stations
Traditional New stations
Float sensor Benchmark network
(GLOSS prototype)
Sea level float sensor
(sometimes) Tide-gauge ruler Observer
Benchmark network GPS Sea level radar sensor Sea level pressure sensor Meteorological sensors (SLP, air
temperature, relative humidity,
Ocean variables (temperature,salinity, waves)
Tide-gauge ruler Electronic observer (switch)
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Sites with longest time series
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1998 Ver acruz daily sea level
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Current work in UNAM sea level network
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Website and database Website and databasehttp://www.mareografico.unam.mx
Near real time data
Database
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Veracruz
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Veracruz
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Cd. del Carm en
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Isla Mujeres
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Celestún
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Tuxpan
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Cozumel
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Pto. Morelos Q. R.
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Instruments
C - GPS
Float sensor
Transmission by GPRS
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Leveling
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Maintenance
i ifi
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Mexican Pacific
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Sea level in Acapulco, Gro.
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