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STANDARDS
ASSOCIATION
OF
AUSTRALIA
The StandardsAssociation of Australiawas founded in 1922
as the Australian Commonwealth Engineering Standards
Association,
and was
incorporated
by
Royal Charter
in 1950.
Theprincipal function of the Association is to prepare
and publish Australian Standards and to promote their
adoption. Standards
are
m
the
form
of
specifications
for
materials
and
products, codes
of
sound
or safe
practice,
methods of testing, nomenclature, etc. They are prepared
by
representative committees which
co-ordinate
manufac-
turing capacity
and
production efficiency with
the
users'
reasonable needs. They seek to achieve fitness for purpose,
simplified production and distribution, replacement inter-
changeability, and adequate variety of choice without
wastefuldiversity.
Australian Standards are prepared only after a
full
enquiryhas shown that the project
is
endorsed as a desirable
one and worth the effort involved. The work is based on
voluntary agreement, and recognition of the community of
interest of producerand consumer.
The Association's work
is
conducted solely
in the
national interest and withoutprofit, the only expenses being
salaries, printing
and
office
administration.
It is
financed
from grants received from the Government, subscriptions
from
members,
and
sales
of its
publications. Government
and private enterprise both benefit from the Association's
activities,
to the financing of
which both should contribute
equitably.
Membership
of the
Association
is
open
to
individuals,
associations, industrial
and
commercial companies,
and
public and local authorities. Enquiries concerning member-
ship are always welcomed.
AS1472 1979
UDC
669 14 018 27 426 621 272
Australian Standard
14721979
CARBONSTEELSPRING
WIRE FORMECHANICAL
SPRINGS
[Titleallocated byDefenceCataloguing
Authority
METAL
ROD
WIRE NON-ELECTRICAL For
Mechanical
Springs)]
ST ND RDS SSOC I T ION O F USTR L I
Incorpcraicd
by Qoya /
Char sr
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TH E FOLLOWING
SCIENTIFIC
INDUSTRIAL
AN D G OV ERN M EN TA L
organizationsanddepartments were officially representedon thecommittee
entrusted with
the
preparation
of
this
standard:
Australian Council
of
Furniture Manufacturers
Bureau
ofSteel Manufacturersof Australia
Confederation ofAustralian Industry
Department
of
Defence
Department ofProductivity
Instituteof Steel Service CentresofAustralia
MetalTrades Industry Association ofAustralia
Railways
ofAustralia Committee
SocietyofAutomotive Engineers Australasia
Spring Manufacturers Association of Australia
AUSTRALIAN STANDARD
This standard preparedbyCommitteeM T / 1 , IronandSteel,wasapproved
on behalf of the Council of the Standards Association of Australia on
29
March 1979
and was
published
on 1
July 1979.
To
keep abreast
of
progress
in
industry Australian standards
are
regularly
reviewed Suggestions fo r improvementsto published standards
addressed to the head
office
of the Association arewelcomed.
f
This
st nd rd
\\as
issued in
draft
form fo r public review as DR 78023
CARBON
STEEL SPRING
WIRE FORMECHANICAL
SPRINGS
AS
14721979
First
published 1973
Revised 1979
PUBLISHEDBY TH ESTANDARDS ASSOCIATIONOF AUSTRALIA
STANDARDS HOUSE
80 ARTH UR ST ,
NORTH SYDNEY N.S.W.
I S B N 0726201960
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IS
1472-1979
PREFACE
This standard
was
prepared under the direction
of the Association's
Committee on Iron and Steel by its subcommittee on steel spring
wire
as a
revision of AS
14721973.
Itapplies,in particular, touncoatedcarbon steel
springwire
of round
cross-section,
supplied in
coils
in the hard-drawn, oil-
hardened and tempered, or soft-drawn
condition,
for use in mechanical
springs,
but
excluding
thosefor
bedding
and
seating, which
are
covered
in
AS 2266, CarbonSteelSpring
Wire
for Bedding andSeating.
It should be noted
tnat
although hard-drawn
wire
is supplied in the
uncoated condition to this standard, metallic or other coatings are available,
but these are subject to
negotation
between the supplier and the purchaser
(see Appendix A). Also, the standard is restricted
to
carbon steel
wire
only,
since many requirements for alloy steel spring
wirediffer
to such an extent as
to make its inclusion impracticable.
In
this revision,
thetorsion
testand reverse bend test are non-mandatory,
since it was considered by the subcommittee that the tensile
test
and
wrap
test
would cover
requirements
adequately. Appendix
A, a new
addition
to the
standard, presents purchasing guidelines, including contractual require-
ments, previously included in the body of the standard, and directs attention
to matters requiring consideration at the time of enquiry and/or order. The
intention is to avoid misinterpretation or other problems and to ensure a clear
understanding of product requirements by both purchaser and supplier.
In
the preparation of this standard, cognizance was taken of BS 5216,
Patented Cold Drawn CarbonSteel
Wire
for Mechanical Springs.
This standard requires reference to the following standards and
publications:
AS 1050 Methods
for
the Analysis of Iron and Steel (Metric Units)
AS
1153 Preferred
Metric Sizes of Ferrous and Non-ferrous
Round
Wirefor
General Engineering Purposes
.AS
1213 Methods for the Sampling of Iron,
Steel,
Permanent
Magnet AlloysandFerro alloys
AS K 1 Methods
for
the Sampling and Analysis of Iron and Steel
SAA MP19 Report on Preferred Numbers and Their Use
ISO/R 388 ISO
Metric Series
for
Basic Thicknesses
of
Sheet
and
Diameters of
Wire
BS4545
Methods for Mechanical Testing of SteelWire
Copyright
STANDARDS
ASSOCIATION OF AUSTRALIA 1979
Users
of
standard
are
reminded that
copyright
subsists
in
all SAA
publications.
Noput
of
this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system inany formor transmitted
by any
means
without
prior
permission in
writing
of the Standards
Association
of
Australia.
AS 14721979
CONTENTS
Pag e
S P E C I F I C A T I O N
1 Scope
4
2
Definitions
4
3
Steelmaking Process ....
4
4
Chemical
Composition 5
5
Freedom
from
Defects
6
6
Manufacturing Tolerances
6
7
Mechanical Properties
6
8 Cast 6
9 Selectionand Preparation of Test Samples for Mechanical
Tests 7
10
Tensile Strength 7
11 Wrap
Testfor
Hard-drawnWire 10
12 Torsion Test
10
13
Retests
10
14
Identification
10
15
Rounding
of
Numbers
10
APPENDICES
A Purchasing Guidelines 11
B
Rounding
of
Numbers
IS
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AS 14721979
STANDARDS
ASSOCIATION
OF
AUSTRALIA
Australian Standard
for
CARBON STEEL
SPRING
WIRE FORMECHANICAL
SPRINGS
1
SCOPE. This standard specifies requirementsfor
uncoated
carbon steel
spring wire
of
round
cross-sectionfor
mechanical springs, supplied
incoils
in one of the
following
conditions:
(a)
Hard-drawn.
(b) Oil-hardened and
tempered.
(c)
Soft-drawn.
NOTE:Guidelines
to
purchasers
on
requirementsthatmust
be
specified
by the
purchaser
and
those
that must
or
may
be agreed at
the
time
of
enquiry
and/or
order are given in Appendix A.
2 DEFINITIONS. For the
purpose
of
this standard,
the
following
definitions apply:
Herd drawn
carbon
steel wire drawn with a relatively
high
reduction of
cross-sectional
area from
a heat-treated
(patented
or
similar process)
base.The
microstructure
ofsuch materialconsistsofheavily elongated
pearlite.
Oil hardenedand
temperedcarbon
steel wirecontinuously hardened by
quenching
in oil
followed
by
tempering.
The microstructure of
such
material
consists
of temperedmartensite.
Soft drawn
wire drawn with a reduction of area of about 10 percent
from
an
annealed base,
to
produce
a
lightly elongated structure containing
spheroidal
cementite.
Castike formtaken by the individual waps (turns or circles) of awireina
coil.
NOTES:
One of thecharacteristics of
cast
is the wap
diameter, this should
be uniform and will
normally
be
about
the
coildiameter,
which
approximates
the
blockdiameter.
2
Asecondcharacteristicis thetendencyof the
wire
to spiral; thisshouldbeuniformbetween
one wap andanother,but is
normally
preferred
approachingzero.
3 STEELMAKING
PROCESS.
The
steel shall
be
made
by an
open
hearth, a basic oxygen or an electric process. For the purpose of this standard,
blown with commercially
pure
oxygen.
AS
14721979
4
CHEMICAL COMPOSITION.
4.1
General.
The
method
of
sampling
for
chemical analysis shall
be in
accordance
with AS
1213.
Chemical
composition
shall be determined by any
of the
procedures commonly used, such
as
emission
spectroscopy,
X-ray
spectroscopy, flame atomic absorption spectroscopy, combustion techniques
or
classical volumetric
or
gravimetric methods (see also Paragraph A7.3
of
Appendix A).
4.2
Ladle Analysis.
4.2.1 Hard drawn steel spring wire. The chemical
composition
of
the steel shall be based on ladleanalysis,and shall be within the limits given
in
Tabk
1.
TABLE 1
CHEMICAL REQUIREMENTS OF
HARD-DRAWN
STEEL SPRING
WIRE
Element
Carbon
Silicon
Manganese
Phosphorus
Sulphur
1
L4fc
analysis,
perce*
Mm.
0.4S
0.10
0.40
Max.
0.85
0.35
1.10
0.050
0.050
4.2.2 Oi l hardened and
tempered
steel spring wire. The chemical
composition
of the steel shall be based on ladle analysis, and shall be within
the limits given
in
Table
2.
NOTE:
T hechoiceof chemicalcompositionis at theoptionof the
m anufacturer,
except
that
if the purchaser
requires
a
specific
compositionthis is to be
specified
at the time of
enquiry and/or order
(seeParagraph A3.1 ofAppendixA) and
stated
on the order.
TABLE2
CHEMICAL REQUIREMENTS
OF OIL-HARDENED AND
TEMPERED STEEL SPRINGWIRE
Element
Carbon
Silicon
Manganese*
Phosphorus
Sulphur
1
Ladle
analysis,percent
Mfa.
0.55
0.10
0.60
Max.
0.85
0.35
1.20
0.050
0.050
Generally 0.80/1.20 percent manganesefordiameter 4.88mm and larger, 0.60/0.90 tor
diameters
less than 4.88
mm.
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AS
1472-1979
6
4.2 Soft drawn
steelspring wire.
The chemical compositionof the
steel shallbe based on ladleanalysis,and shall be within the limits given in
Table 3.
NOTE:
Th e
choice
ofchemical
composition
s at the
option
of the
m anufacturer,
except
that
if the
purchaser requires
a
specific
compositionthis is to be
specified
at the time of
enquiry
and'or
order
(seeParagraph
A3.1
of Appendix A) andstatedon the order.
TABLE3
CHEMICALREQUIREMENTS FOR SOFT-DRAWN STEEL
SPRING WIRE
AS 14721979
Element
Carbon
Silicon
Manganese*
Phosphorus
Sulphur
1
Ladleanalysis,percent
Mm.
0.65
0.10
0.60
Max.
0.75
0.35
;20
0.050
0.050
Generally
0.80/1.20 percent manganese
for diameter 4.88 mm and larger;
0.60/0.90
for
diameters
less
tnan
4.88 mm .
5 FREEDOM FROM DEFECTS. The
wire
shall be clean, smooth and
free from
defects detrimentalto its subsequent processingand enduse.
Notwithstanding the fact that a coil has been passed as complying with
this
standard,
if
faults
in
manufacture
are revealed
during subsequent
processing of the coil, it may them be deemed not to comply.
6 MANUFACTURING TOLERANCES.
6.1 Diameter. The diameter tolerances shall be in accordance with
Table 4.
6.2
Out-of-roundness.
The deviation from roundness at any cross-
section
measured as the difference between the maximum and minimum
diameters shall
not
exceed one-half
of the
diameter tolerance
specified.
7 MECHANICAL PROPERTIES. The mechanical properties shall be
determined on test pieces prepared
from
samples
selected
and prepared as
specified
in
Clause
9, and
shall comply with Clauses 10
and
11 ,
as
appropriate.
8 CAST. The wire shall be uniformly cast such that when a few
convolutions ofwireare cutfromthecoilandallowedtofall
on
aflatsurface,
thewire shall lie flat on
itself,
orshallnotspringup andshowacorkscrew
condition.
TABLE4
DIAMETER TOLERANCES
4.1 ClassATolerances.
1
2
Specifieddiameter
Over
0.80
2.80
8.0
Up
to
at
fed.
0.80
2.80
8.0
11.2
3
Irfamctcr tnJUMii
0.01
0.02
0.03
0.04
4.2
Class
B
Tolerance*.
1
2
Over
0.36
0.80
1.60
2.80
5.0
8.0
Up
to*fed.
0.56
0.80
1.60
2.80
5.0
8.0
11.2
3
.
0.01
0.02
0.03
0.04
0.05
0.06
0.08
9 SELECTION AND PREPARATION OF TEST SAMPLES FOR
MECHANICAL
TESTS.
A sample of sufficient length to allow the
preparation of the necessary test piecesshall be cut from each
coil
of wire.
The test samples shall not, except
for the
necessary straightening,
be
mechanically workedorheat-treated before
testing.
10 TENSILE STRENGTH. The tensile strength shall be determined in
accordancewithBS 4S4S, and shall comply with the following requirements:
(a) Hard drawn steelspring wire
within
the
limits given
in
Table
5.
(b)
Oil hardened
and tempered
steel
spring
wire
withinthelimits givenin
Table 6.
(c) Soft drawn steel spring wiremaximum of 930 MPa for all
sizes.
NOTE:If the
purchaser requires
an
alternative
maximum,
this
is to be
subject
to
agree-
ment between the purchaser and the
supplier
at the time of enquiry rMl ororder(see
Paragraph A3.2 a) of Appendix A).
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AS 14721979
AS1472-1979
TABLES
TENSILE STRENGTH REQUIREMENTS FOR HARD-DRAWN
STEEL
SPRINGWIRE
Specified
dfauMter
Up to0 56
0.63
0.71
0.80
0.90
1.00
1 12
1.25
1.40
1.60
1.80
2.00
2.24
2.50
2.80
3.15
3.55
4.0
4.5
5.0
5.6
6.3
7 1
8.0
9.0
10.0
11 2
2
1
5|
7
TcMflc
ftrenftk
+,MPa}
RMf l
Mta.
1960
1930
1900
1870
1840
1800
1770
1730
1700
1670
1630
1600
1560
1530
1500
1460
1450
1410
1370
1350
1320
1290
1260
1230
1190
1180
1170
MM
2250
2220
2190
2160
2130
2070
2040
2000
1960
1920
1880
1840
1800
1760
1720
1680
1670
1630
1590
1560
1520
1490
1460
1420
1380
1360
1340
RaaseZ
Mte.
2220
2190
2160
2130
2100
2040
2010
1970
1930
1890
1850
1810
1770
1730
1690
1650
1640
1600
1560
1530
1490
1460
1430
1390
1350
1330
1310
MM
2490
2460
2430
2400
2370
2310
2270
2230
2180
2130
2080
2040
2000
1950
1910
1870
1850
1810
1760
1730
1680
1650
1620
1570
1530
1510
1480
Rante3
Mia.
2460
2430
2400
2370
2340
2280
2240
2200
2150
2100
2050
2010
1970
1920
1880
1840
1820
1780
1730
1700
1650
1620
1590
1540
1500
1480
1450
Max.
2780
2750
2710
2680
2640
2570
2530
2480
2430
2370
2320
2270
2230
2170
2120
2080
2060
2010
1960
1920
1860
1830
1790
1740
1700
1670
1640
TABLE 6
TENSILE STRENGTH REQUIREMENTS FOR OIL-HARDENED
AND
TEMPERED STEEL SPRINGWIRE
In accordance
with
AS 1153.
+Temik
strength values for intermediate diameters may be obtained by interpolation.
*1 MPa = 1N/mm2.
1
Specified
dimeter
Hi
0.80
0.90
1.00
12
.25
.40
.60
.80
2.00
2.24
2.50
2.80
3.15
3.55
4.0
4.5
5.0
5.6
6.3
7 1
8.0
9.0
10.0
11 2
2
TcMflei
Ml
Mfa.
1940
1890
1860
1810
1780
1740
1700
1670
1620
1600
1570
1540
1 51 0
1470
1420
1380
1330
1300
1280
1270
1260
1250
1230
1200
3
s r -
Mas
2150
2100
2070
2020
1990
1950
1910
1880
1830
1810
1780
1750
1720
1640
1590
1550
1500
1470
1450
1440
1430
1420
1400
1370
*
: ,
-)
a
*In
accordance
with AS 1153.
Tensile
strength
values for intermediate diameters may be obtained byinterpolation.
*1
M P a =
2
1
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AS
14721979
10
11 WRAPTEST.
11.1 Hard-drawn Wire.
11.1.1
Ranges1and 2 Wiresin ranges
1 and 2
(see Table
5 )
shall
be
capable of being wrapped at least fourturns around its own diameter without
fracture.
11.1.2 Range3 Wirein range 3(see Table5) shallbecapableofbeing
wrapped at leastfour turns around a mandrel of twice its own diameter
without fracture.
11.2 Oil-hardened andTemperedW ire.
11.2.1 Wi re
up to and
including
4 mm in
diameter The wire
shall
be
capable of being wrapped around itself as a mandrel without breakage
11.2.2
Wi re over 4 mm in diameter The wire shall be capable of being
wrapped around a mandrel of twice its own diameter without breakage.
12 TORSION TEST.
Where required (see Notes), the torsion test shall be
carried
out in
accordance
with
BS
4545
on a
test piece whose length shall
be
equivalent
to 100
times
the
wire diameter
NOTES:
If the purchaser requires a torsion test, this
is
to besubjectto agreement between the
purchaser
and the
supplier
at the
time
of
enquin
and or
order(see Paragraph
A3
2(b)
of
Appendix
A)
2. The limits of
acceptance
are to be subject to agreement between the purchaser and the
supplier at the tune ofenquiry and ororder (see ParagraphA3
2 b)
ofAppendix A)
Guidelines in
this
regard
are
given
in
Paragraph
A7 2 of
Appendix
A
13
RETESTS.
Should any test piece
first
selectedfailto pass the relevant
test specified in Clauses 8, 10, 11and 12, the following procedure shall be
adoptedat the
option
of the
supplier:
Two further samples, onefrom each end of the same coil, shall be selected
fortesting.
Should the test pieces
from
both these additional samples pass,
the
coilshall
be deemed to comply with this
standard.
Should the test pieces
from
either
of
these additional samples
fail,the coil
shall
be
deemed
not to
comply with this standard.
14
IDENTIFICATION.
Each coil shall be marked or tagged to enableit
to be identified with this standard.
NOTE. Warning
is
given that the presence of the Australian standard number, AS 1472, on the
coil,it spackaging
or
literature related thereto could
be
taken
as a
claim
by the
manufacturer
that thecoil somarked complies
in
all respects with
this
standard
15 ROUNDING OFNUMBERS.
15.1 General.
For thepurposeofdeciding whetheraparticular require-
ment of thisstandard iscompliedwith, the determined value, observed or
calculated, shallbe roundedoff
in
accordancewith AppendixB. The number
of
significant places retainedin
this rounded-off
value shall
be the
same
as
that of the specified value in thisstandard.
15.2 Tensile Properties.
Th e
determined
value of
tensile strength shall
berounded off to the nearest
10
MP a
AS1472W79
A P P E N D I XA
PURCHASING GUIDELINES
Al GENERAL. Australian standards are intended to include the
technical provisions necessary for the supply of the material referred to in the
particular standard,
but do not
purport
to
comprise
all the
necessary
provisionsof acontract In anumberofcasesthepurchaser is either askedto
statehisrequirementsorgivenachoiceofoptional requirements,andthese
arecontractual matters to beagreed upon betweenthepurchaser and the
manufacturer.
This Appendix contains detailed explanation, adviceand recommend-
ations on the information to be supplied by the purchaser at the time of
enquiryand/or
order
Itaims at avoiding misunderstanding of the product requirements and
should result
in the
purchaser'sreceiving satisfactory material
and
service.
A2
INTENDED
USELIAISON
WITH
TH EM ANUFACTURER. It
is recommended that before ordering and setting up for production, the
purchaser consults with
the
manufacturer regarding
his
requirements.
This
enables
the
manufacturer
to
supply material suitable
for the
intended
purpose, as hisexperience canoftenassistthepurchaserinthis regard.
A3 INFORMATION TO BESUPPLIED B Y TH EPURCHASER.
A3.1 General Requirements. The purchaser should supply the
followinginformation at the time of enquiryand/ororderaftermaking due
reference
to the
detailed explanation, advice
and
recommendations contained
inthis A ppendix-
(a) Quantity (mass) and delivery instructions (see Paragraph A4).
(b) Whether a specific chemical composition (ladle analysis) is required for
oil-hardened
and
tempered steelspring wire
or
soft-drawn steel spring
wire(see Clause 4.2.2 or 4.2.3 respectively).
(c)
Diameter of
wire
and class of tolerance (see Paragraph A5).
(d)
Condition and tensile range, as appropriate (see Clause 10).
(e)
Any limitations in regard to coil mass and dimensions (see Paragraph
A 6).
(f) Whether a certificate covering chemical analysis (ladle analysis),
mechanical
properties, etc,
is
required (see Paragraph A9).
(g)
Whether
it is the
intention
of the
purchaser
to
inspect
thewireat the
manufacturer s works(see Paragraph
A10)
(h) A ny
information concerning processing
or end use
that
th e
purchaser
considerswould assist the m anufacturer(see Paragraph A2).
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AS 14721979
12
A3.2 Special Requirements. The following requirements must be
agreed upon
by the
purchaser
and the
manufacturer
at the
time
of
enquiry
and/or
order:
(a)
Whether
an
alternative maximum tensile strength
for soft-drawn
steel
spring wireisrequired (see Notetoitem(c) ofClause 10).
(b) Whether a torsion test
is
required (see Clause
12)
and limits of accept-
ance (see Paragraph A7.2).
(c) Whether
special
finishing, packingorhandlingisrequired (see Preface
and Paragraph A8).
(d) Other special or supplementary requirements.
A 4 QUANTITY
AND
DELIVERY INSTRUCTIONS.
The
purchaser
should statethequantity
(in
tonnes),
with
deliverydates
and schedules, and
the
delivery
point.
A S
DIMENSIONS. Specific diameters listed
in
Tables4,
5and 6
herein
are in accordance withAS 1153. It should be notedthatgauge systems will
disappear with
the
changeover
to
International System (SI) units,
and
diameters will
be
specified
in
terms
of
whole numbers
and/or
decimals
of
millimetres.
The
series
of
wire diameters specified
follow
a rounded-off
series
of
numbers known as 'preferred
numbers'
or
'Renard'
(R) numbers which have
been
adopted
internationally
and
included
in
ISO/
R 388oftheInternational
Organization for Standardization (ISO). TheR20series has been adopted in
this standard
and it is
recommended that
if
intermediate diametersare
required, preference should be given to theR40senesof preferred diameters
(see AppendixA of AS 1153 and SAA MP19).
A 6
LIMITATIONS. The purchaser should ensure
that
his equipment can
handle
the
coils ordered,
andifany
limitations exist
in
respect
ofcoil
mass
or
dimensions, this should be stated at the time of enquiry and/or order.
A7 TEST REQUIREMENTS.
A7.1
Facilities
for Testing. Normally manufacturers provide and
prepare thenecessary samples,andsupply labour andappliancesfor any
testing required to ensure compliance with this standard and for any special
testing required by the purchaser.
Matenal for testing remains the property of the manufacturer unless
otherwise agreed.
A7.2
Torsion Test (See Clause
12).
The torsion test isan optional
test,
subject to
negotiation between
the
purchaser
and the
manufacturer
at the
time of
enquiry
and/or
order.
TableA 1 may beusedas thebasisfornegotiation
in
thedeterminationof
acceptance limits.
13
AS
1472-1979
TABLEAl
TORSIONTESTREQUIREMENTS
2
Specified diameter
From
0.56
0.71
1.01
1.51
2.01
301
401
601
Upto and incl.
055
070
10 0
150
200
300
400
600
800
3 4
5
Minimum
number of
torsions
without fracture
Rantel
28
27
26
25
24
23
22
21
20
Rant*
2
23
22
21
20
19
18
17
16
15
Ranges
18
17
16
15
14
13
12
11
10
A7.3 IndependentTests. In the event of a dispute as to the compliance
ofthe
wire
withthe requirements of thisstandard,the purchaser and the
manufacturer
should agree
to
have
the
wire tested
by an
independent testing
authority, whose results shouldbeacceptedasfinal.
Facilities
for
such testing
areafforded by
laboratories registered
by the
National Association of Testing Authonties, Australia, and should be
considered.
Themethodsof sampling for analysisand themethodsof analysis should
not beless accurate thanthe following
A S 1050 Methodsfor the A nalysis of Ironan d Steel (Metric Units)
A S 1213 Methods for the
Sampling
of Iron, Steel, Permanent
MagnetAlloysand Ferro-alloys
A S
K l
Methodsfor theSamplingand A nalysis of Iron and Steel
A8 SPECIAL FINISHING , PACKING OR HANDLING REQUIRE-
MENTS.
A8.1 Special Finishing. Metallic or other coatingsare avilable, but
thesea re subject to
agreement
between the purchaserand the
manufacturer
at the time of
enquiry an d
/or order
A8.2
Special Handling Requirements. The purchaser should indicate
at the time ofenquiry a nd / o rorderwhether any specialpackingor trans-
portation is required
A 9 TESTC E R T IF IC A T E . Where
requested
by the p urchaser at thet ime
of
enquiry and /or order,the manufacturer
will provide
a certificate showing
theresultsoftests earnedout for the purposeof establishing compliance
with
this
standard,an d thereis no
need
or
provision
for a separatecertificate of
compliance. It should be notedthat the chemicalcomp osition of the steelis
based on ladle
analysis
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AS
1472-1979
14
A1 0
INSPECTION. Inspection at the
manufacturer's
works may be a
statutory requirement or may be considered desirable for a first run of
material, but is usually not otherwise requested, since the purchaser may
reject
wire
if
faults
are
revealed
in
subsequent processing (see Clause
5).
If it is the
purchaser's
intention to undertake any of the following
functions
at the manufacturer's works,
this
should be notified at the time of
enquiry and/ or
order,
and
should
be
accomplished
in a
manner which
will not
interfere withtheoperationof theworks:
(a)
Inspecting
the
wire
(b)
Selecting and identifying the test samples.
(c) Witnessing
the
tests being made.
The
manufacturer should afford
the
purchaser
all
reasonable facilities
to satisfy
himself that
the
wire
is in
accordance
with the
standard.
15
AS1472-1979
APPENDIX
B
ROUNDING OFN UMBERS
Bl
ROUNDING
OFF.
off
numbers:
The
following
procedure istobe
used
in rounding
(i) Choose the rounding (up or down) whicheveris thenearer. In
general
this will
be
evident.
(ii) If,
despite
the use of all the
figureswhich
can be
obtained
from the
data,the
figures
to bediscardedfallexactly betweentwoalternative
prospective
round values,
and
thereis
no
evidence
to
indicate
in
whichdirection
to
round, choose
the
even round value. This rule
appliesto both positive and negative values.
Rounding off
should
be
earned
out in one
operation.
If a
value, e.g.
of
99.253percent, is to be roundedoffto one place
of
decimals, thefiguresin the
second and third decimal places should be considered together, the rounded-
off
value being 99.3 percent.
If
rounding
off is
carried
out in two
operations
and
incorrectfigure
may be
obtained
in the
last place, e.g.
if
99.253 percent is
rounded
off in two
operations,
it
first becomes 99.25 percent
and
then 99.2
percent.
Wherethefigurenext beyond the lastfigureor placetobe retained is 5, or
a 5
followed only
by
zeros,
the
figure
in the
last place
retained
shall
be
(a)
increased
by one if it is
odd,
and
(b)
left
unchanged ifeven.
NOTE Zero would be regarded as an even number for
this purpose.
A s
examples
of the
aboverule
0.0505isroundedoff to 0.050
0.15
is
roundedoff to 0.2
10.5
isrounded off to 10
99.84
is
rounded
off to
99.8
99.85isroundedoff to99.8
99851 isroundedoff to99.9
99.86isroundedoff to99.9
B2
M EANI NG
TO BE
ATTACHED
TO NUMERICAL VALUES OF
M A X I M A
AND MIN IMA .
The
interpretation
to be placed on the
maxima and
minima given
in
this standard
for
chemical composition
and
mechanicalpropertiesis to be in accordance
with
the following examples
-
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AS 14721979
16
value
xta
or UoUtor
raafe
16
15
16.0
15.0
16.00
15.00
14.7
32
33
320
33.0
32.00
3300
15.5and over
Over145
15.95
and over
14.95 and over
15.995 and over
14995 and
over
Over
14.65
Up to and incL32.5
Under 33.5
Up
to and
ind.
32.05
Upto andind.33 05
Up
to and incl.
32.005
Up
to and incl. 33
005
The figure
in
the last place retained
is
odd
(5)
and it is therefore
increased by one.
The figureinthe
last place retained
is even (4) and
itis
therefore
left unchanged.
The figure in the last place retained
is
odd (9) and it is therefore
increased
by
one.
The figure in the last place retained
is even (6) and it is therefore
left
unchanged.
The figure
in
the last place retained
is even (2) and it is therefore left
unchanged.
The figure in the last place retained
is odd (3) and
it
is therefore
increased by one.
The figure in the last place retained
is even (0) and it is therefore left
unchanged.
B3 REFERENCES.
BS
1957
Presentation of Numerical Values
(Fineness
of
expression;Rounding
of
Numbers)
BS 2846 Guide
to
Statistical Interpretation
ofData
ASTM
29
Designating Significant Places
in
Specified Limiting
Values
IS.2 Indian Standard Rules for Rounding Off Numerical
Values
PUBLICATIONS
OF
THE
ASSOCIATION
A
list ofAustralianStandards
may be
purchased
or inspected at
a ny office of the Association.
OFFICESOF
THEASSOCIATION
Thoseinterested inthe work of theAssociationare invitedtocall
at
the HeadOfficeor
any
Branch Office,
or
write
for
literature
NE W SOUTH WALES
HeadOffice StandardsHouse,80 ArthurStreet,North Sydney.
W.I.
Stewart, Director
Mail. P O. Box 458, North Sydney, 2060.
Telegrams: Austandard North Sydney.
Telex 26514.
Newcastle BranchOffice:HowardSouthChambers,WattStreet, Newcastle
2300(G A. Jeffries,Manager)
VICTORIA:
Chimes Ross House,
191
Royal Parade,
Parkville.
3052
C.R.Johnson,AssistantDirector,Victoria.)
Telex 33877.
QUEENSLAND 447 Upper Edward Street, Brisbane.4000
(R.T
Gillespie,
Manager)
SOUTH AUSTRALIA: Bagot Street, North Adelaide 5006
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Manager)
WESTERN
AUSTRALIA:
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(P J Oliver,
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)
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NO RT H ERN
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Sydney 9296022
Melbourne.
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{
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Perth.
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NOTE-
The
following
and all
other overseas standards
are
obtainableat or
may be
ordered through all offices of the Association
British
Standards
Institution
General Standards
Aerospace, Automobile, Marine Standards
Ministry
ofDefence
DT.D Specifications
Standards Association of New Zealand
SouthAfricanBureau of Standards
Indian Standards Institution
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Standards
Council
of
Canada
Standards Institution ofM alaysia
Singapore Instituteof Standards and tadwtrisJ Research
American
National StandardsInstitute
JapaneseIndustrialStandards Committee
International Organization for
Standardization
International Ekxtrotechmcal
Comir~
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