Integrated Coastal Management総合的な沿岸管理:

An Effective Approach Towards Sustainable Coastal Development

PEMSEA/Japan Joint Seminar on Integrated Coastal ManagementPEMSEA/Japan Joint Seminar on Integrated Coastal Management18 July 2008, Tokyo, Japan18 July 2008, Tokyo, Japan

2 + 6 ICM demonstration sites18 ICM parallel sites

2 + 6 ICM demonstration sites18 ICM parallel sites

PEMSEA Programme – From Demonstration to Replication

冊子 P. 27参照冊子 P. 27参照

ICM Program Development and Implementation Cycle

Management Tools and Methodologies

October 2001

Manila Bay Coastal Strategy

Danang Coastal Strategy Implementation Plan

Stages 2, 3 and 4 All stages

Stage 5

Stages 1, 2 and 6

冊子 P.８参照

€€

冊子 P.８参照

• Philippines EO 533 – ICM as a national strategy for sustainable development of coastal and marine resources (June 2006)

• Vietnam – PM approval of the Master Plan for ICZM covering 14 coastal provinces to 2020 (October 2007)

• Philippines EO 533 – ICM as a national strategy for sustainable development of coastal and marine resources (June 2006)

• Vietnam – PM approval of the Master Plan for ICZM covering 14 coastal provinces to 2020 (October 2007)

M anila Bay Coastal Strategy

Policies, Strategies and Action Plans政策・戦略・行動計画

ICM Provincial Coordinating Council

Budget Management

Office of the Vice Governor of Chonburi

Province, Thailand

PEMSEA

Dept. of Marine and Coastal Resource

Monitoring & Assessment

Communication & Information

ICM Office

Planning & Project Coordination

Secretariat, ICM Programme Office

ICM Office Director

ICM Local Government Consultative Board (22 Mayors)

Interagency, multi-sectoral coordinating mechanismsSustainable development of coastal areas

Institutional Arrangements組織・制度設計

• RO Korea: Coastal Management Act (1998)

• China: Sea Area Management Law (2002)

• Indonesia: ICM Law (2007)

• Xiamen (China): Sea use management

• Bataan/Batangas Bay/Sihanoukville/Danang: Coastal use zoning scheme

• RO Korea: Coastal Management Act (1998)

• China: Sea Area Management Law (2002)

• Indonesia: ICM Law (2007)

• Xiamen (China): Sea use management

• Bataan/Batangas Bay/Sihanoukville/Danang: Coastal use zoning scheme

Legislation 法制度

1 0 8 ° 1 5 ' E1 0 8 ° 1 0 ' E1 0 8 ° 0 5 ' E

16°

05' N

16° 1

0' N

16°

15' N∗

1 0 8 ° 3 0 ' E1 0 8 ° 2 5 ' E1 0 8 ° 2 0 ' E

16° 0

0' N

D a n a n g b a y

So n T r aSo n T r aSo n T r aSo n T r aSo n T r aSo n T r aSo n T r aSo n T r aSo n T r ap e n i n s u l ap e n i n s u l ap e n i n s u l ap e n i n s u l ap e n i n s u l ap e n i n s u l ap e n i n s u l ap e n i n s u l ap e n i n s u l a

e a s t s e a

s o n t r as o n t r as o n t r as o n t r as o n t r as o n t r as o n t r as o n t r as o n t r ad i s t r i c td i s t r i c td i s t r i c td i s t r i c td i s t r i c td i s t r i c td i s t r i c td i s t r i c td i s t r i c t

L i e n c h i e uL i e n c h i e uL i e n c h i e uL i e n c h i e uL i e n c h i e uL i e n c h i e uL i e n c h i e uL i e n c h i e uL i e n c h i e ud i s t r i c td i s t r i c td i s t r i c td i s t r i c td i s t r i c td i s t r i c td i s t r i c td i s t r i c td i s t r i c t

t h a n h k h et h a n h k h et h a n h k h et h a n h k h et h a n h k h et h a n h k h et h a n h k h et h a n h k h et h a n h k h ed i s t r i c td i s t r i c td i s t r i c td i s t r i c td i s t r i c td i s t r i c td i s t r i c td i s t r i c td i s t r i c t

h a i c h a uh a i c h a uh a i c h a uh a i c h a uh a i c h a uh a i c h a uh a i c h a uh a i c h a uh a i c h a ud i s t r i c td i s t r i c td i s t r i c td i s t r i c td i s t r i c td i s t r i c td i s t r i c td i s t r i c td i s t r i c t

H o a V a n gH o a V a n gH o a V a n gH o a V a n gH o a V a n gH o a V a n gH o a V a n gH o a V a n gH o a V a n gd i s t r i c td i s t r i c td i s t r i c td i s t r i c td i s t r i c td i s t r i c td i s t r i c td i s t r i c td i s t r i c t

N g u H a n h So nN g u H a n h So nN g u H a n h So nN g u H a n h So nN g u H a n h So nN g u H a n h So nN g u H a n h So nN g u H a n h So nN g u H a n h So nd i s t r i c td i s t r i c td i s t r i c td i s t r i c td i s t r i c td i s t r i c td i s t r i c td i s t r i c td i s t r i c t

Cau Bien river

Vinh

Die

n rive

r

C au D o r i ver

Ha

n r

iver

P hu L oc r iver

Cu D e riv er

C o a s tl in e

O th e r s y m b o l

M u l ti -p u rp o s e z o n e

U rb a n a re a

P o rt⊥P ilo t s ta tio n

M o o rin g lo c a tio n

F is h in g z o n e (n e a rs h o re )

L o w in te n s i ty u s e z o n e

T o u ris m d e v e lo p m e n t z o n e

C o a s ta l in d u s try z o n e

A q u a c u l tu re /m a ric u l tu re z o n e

F is h in g z o n e (o ffs h o re )

R e s to ra tio n z o n e (o n s e a g ra s s )

L e g e n dC o n s e rv a tio n z o n e

R e s to ra tio n z o n e (o n c o ra l re e f)

;

D r in k in g w a te r s o u rc e z o n e (X a n h la k e )

P o rt m a n a g e m e n t z o n e a n d s h ip p in g la n e s

Danang Coastal Use Zoning

Bataan Coastal Use Zoning

Sihanoukville Coastal Use Zoning

Text-A-Crime (Bataan)Text-A-Crime (Bataan) Community-based Waste Management (Sihanoukville)

Community-based Waste Management (Sihanoukville)

Information and Public Awareness

Green-Clean Beautiful Sunday (Danang)Green-Clean Beautiful Sunday (Danang)

Financing Mechanisms 資金メカニズム

Incorporation of ICM into local government program

• time-bound objectives and targets

Corporate social responsibility (CSR)

• Co-operative projects (e.g., ICM program; mangrove restoration)

Public-private partnerships

• Investments; conservation initiatives

Capacity Development 能力開発

ICM

IncreasedCapacity

Local governmentsLine agenciesScientific community/AcademeCivil society groupsLocal communitiesUniversity students

Skills transfer through Training

Mobilizing political commitment through ICM Study Tours

Learning by doing through Internship Program

Providing Technical Support through RTF/NTF

Manila Bay Coastal Strategy Coastal Strategy of Danang City

Danang 2001

Natural and Man-made Hazard Management自然生息地の保護・再生・管理

Mangrove planting (Bataan)

Mangrove planting (Bataan)

Flood mitigation plan

(Cavite)

Flood mitigation plan

(Cavite)

Urban greening (Danang)Urban greening (Danang)

Text-A-Crime (Bataan)Text-A-Crime (Bataan)

Seagrass transplantation (Chonburi)

Seagrass transplantation (Chonburi)

Natural Habitat Protection, Restoration and Management自然災害・人災の防止・管理

Coral transplantation (Bali)Coral transplantation (Bali)

Water Use and Supply Management水利用・供給管理

Access to safer drinking water (Nampho)

Access to safer drinking water (Nampho)

Wastewater recycling (Xiamen)Wastewater recycling (Xiamen)

Wastewater recycling (Bali)Wastewater recycling (Bali)

Community-based waste management (Sihanoukville)

Community-based waste management (Sihanoukville)

Garbage bank: solid waste management (Chonburi)

Garbage bank: solid waste management (Chonburi)

Pollution and Waste Management汚染削減・廃棄物管理

Food Security and Livelihood Management食料安全保障・生活管理

Mussel farming (Bataan)Mussel farming (Bataan)

Seaweed cultivation (Bali)Seaweed cultivation (Bali)

Prawn culture (Sihanoukville)Prawn culture (Sihanoukville)

Key Impacts 主な影響・実績

Improved coordination and planning Multiple use conflicts reducedPolitical support and commitment enhancedIncreased number of national and local experts with knowledge and capacity to implement ICM programContributed to the institutionalization of ICM at the national levelIncreased level of awareness among stakeholders resulting to a more responsive and supportive publicRole of women, youth and community groups in coastal management enhancedServed as working model for ICM scaling up

Challenges 課題

Lack of local/national experts to undertake specialized

activities

Access to data and information

Weak coordination among sectors and agencies resulting

to fragmented implementation of project activities

Limited public awareness

Difficulties in accessing financial resources for

environmental projects

Changes in project personnel

Changes in political and project leadership (PMO, PCC,

local governments)

Institutionalizing the project coordinating mechanisms

Integrating the Coastal Strategy Implementation Plan, coastal use zoning plan, integrated environmental monitoring program into the planning and development programs/plans of the local government and relevant agencies

Establishing ICM Learning Center for capacity strengthening

Mobilizing private and public financial resources to support theimplementation of action programs

Integrating the activities of the succeeding ICM cycles into local government initiatives and programs

Sustainability Measures沿岸環境管理の取組を持続可能にするための工夫

The Way Forwardこれから・・・

ICM Scaling-up総合的な沿岸管理のスケールアップ

ICM Testing• Batangas

• Xiamen

ICM Demonstration

• Bali

• Chonburi

• Danang

• Nampho

• Port Klang

• Sihanoukville

ICM Parallel Replication

• Bataan

• Shihwa

• Sukabumi

• Cavite

• Quangnam

• 10 sites in China

• 3 sites in Bali

ICM Scaling-Up• 20% of Regional

Coastline by 2015

ICM Working Model

ICM

Codification

Better Coastal Governance

through Stronger Local Alliance

Replication of ICM Efforts

Buleleng Regency

TabananRegency

Bangli Regency

Jembrana Regency

Karangasem Regency

BadungRegency

GianyarRegency

KlungkungRegency

DenpasarMunicipality

Serangan Island

Lembongan Island

Ceningan IslandNusa Penida Island

10 0 10 Kilometers

N

EW

S

8ー 45'

8ー 15'

114ー 30' 115ー 00' 115ー 30'

Study areaBali ICM administration area

Legend:

Saensuk

Sri Racha

Ao Udom

Laemchabang

Source: www.investmentthailand.comProject boundary

Chonburi

Chonburi (Thailand)Chonburi (Thailand)

Bali (Indonesia)Bali (Indonesia)

Batangas (Philippines)Batangas (Philippines)

Establish national ICM networks through PNLG and link with other coastal cities

Establish national ICM networks through PNLG and link with other coastal cities

Established in 2001

Secretariat in Xiamen, PR China

Network includes 23 member local governments and 7 observer local governments from 9 countries across the region PNLG Charter

PNLG Forum

Sharing knowledge and experience

Common sustainable development framework

Providing local governments the opportunity to learn by “doing and sharing”

PEMSEA Network of Local Governments

www.pnlg.org

Facilitating ICM scaling up across the regionICM parallel site development in Guimaras (Philippines) and Thua Thien-Hue (Vietnam)

Signing of the PNLG Charter during the 2008 PNLG Forum in Sihanoukville (Cambodia) and 6 observer local governments from China

PEMSEA Network of Local Governments

Changing the perception of policymakers Increasing confidence and enthusiasm among those undertaking new ICM initiatives Learning by seeing how the local government has put the concept of ICM into practice

Study tour of Chonburi officials in Study tour of Chonburi officials in Xiamen, Oct 2005Xiamen, Oct 2005

Chonburi as host of study tour of officials from the Chonburi as host of study tour of officials from the Philippines, Sept 2006Philippines, Sept 2006

Mobilizing Political Commitment through Study Tours

Study tour of Chonburi officials in Study tour of Chonburi officials in Danang, Jan 2006Danang, Jan 2006

Study tour of Chonburi officials inStudy tour of Chonburi officials in Shihwa, July 2006Shihwa, July 2006

Implementation of the ICM program by the locals ensures

ownership of the program

Strong political support facilitates ICM program implementation

Policy and functional integration reduces duplication of efforts

Strengthening local capacity ensures efficiency and confidence in

project operation and implementation

Enhancing public awareness promotes perception change

Stakeholders consultation process should be an integral part of

any ICM program

Involvement of all relevant agencies in the ICM program

facilitates integration into their respective agency’s development

plans

Adaptive management allows flexibility in project design based on

operational needs, ecological uncertainties and political and

management changes

Recognition of achievements provides opportunity for replication

Some Useful Lessons： ICM成功の秘訣

Thank You

www.pemsea.org