an fpt algorithm for maximum edge coloring
DESCRIPTION
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: An FPT Algorithm for Maximum Edge Coloring](https://reader033.vdocuments.pub/reader033/viewer/2022042613/547c6c195906b586798b471d/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Maximum Edge Coloring
Prachi Goyal, Vikram Kamat and Neeldhara Misra
Department of Computer Science, Indian Institute of Science
![Page 2: An FPT Algorithm for Maximum Edge Coloring](https://reader033.vdocuments.pub/reader033/viewer/2022042613/547c6c195906b586798b471d/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Maximum Edge Coloring
GOAL. Color the edges of a graph so thateach vertex “sees” at most two colors.
.
...........
This is not an optimal coloring yet.
![Page 3: An FPT Algorithm for Maximum Edge Coloring](https://reader033.vdocuments.pub/reader033/viewer/2022042613/547c6c195906b586798b471d/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Maximum Edge Coloring
GOAL. Color the edges of a graph so thateach vertex “sees” at most two colors.
...........
.
This is not an optimal coloring yet.
![Page 4: An FPT Algorithm for Maximum Edge Coloring](https://reader033.vdocuments.pub/reader033/viewer/2022042613/547c6c195906b586798b471d/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Maximum Edge Coloring
GOAL. Color the edges of a graph so thateach vertex “sees” at most two colors.
...........
.
This is not an optimal coloring yet.
![Page 5: An FPT Algorithm for Maximum Edge Coloring](https://reader033.vdocuments.pub/reader033/viewer/2022042613/547c6c195906b586798b471d/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Maximum Edge Coloring
GOAL. Color the edges of a graph so thateach vertex “sees” at most two colors.
..........
.
This is not an optimal coloring yet.
![Page 6: An FPT Algorithm for Maximum Edge Coloring](https://reader033.vdocuments.pub/reader033/viewer/2022042613/547c6c195906b586798b471d/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Maximum Edge Coloring
GOAL. Color the edges of a graph so thateach vertex “sees” at most two colors.
..........
.
This is not an optimal coloring yet.
![Page 7: An FPT Algorithm for Maximum Edge Coloring](https://reader033.vdocuments.pub/reader033/viewer/2022042613/547c6c195906b586798b471d/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Maximum Edge Coloring
GOAL. Color the edges of a graph so thateach vertex “sees” at most two colors.
.........
.
This is not an optimal coloring yet.
![Page 8: An FPT Algorithm for Maximum Edge Coloring](https://reader033.vdocuments.pub/reader033/viewer/2022042613/547c6c195906b586798b471d/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Maximum Edge Coloring
GOAL. Color the edges of a graph so thateach vertex “sees” at most two colors.
........
.
This is not an optimal coloring yet.
![Page 9: An FPT Algorithm for Maximum Edge Coloring](https://reader033.vdocuments.pub/reader033/viewer/2022042613/547c6c195906b586798b471d/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Maximum Edge Coloring
GOAL. Color the edges of a graph so thateach vertex “sees” at most two colors.
.......
.
This is not an optimal coloring yet.
![Page 10: An FPT Algorithm for Maximum Edge Coloring](https://reader033.vdocuments.pub/reader033/viewer/2022042613/547c6c195906b586798b471d/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Maximum Edge Coloring
GOAL. Color the edges of a graph so thateach vertex “sees” at most two colors.
......
.
This is not an optimal coloring yet.
![Page 11: An FPT Algorithm for Maximum Edge Coloring](https://reader033.vdocuments.pub/reader033/viewer/2022042613/547c6c195906b586798b471d/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Maximum Edge Coloring
GOAL. Color the edges of a graph so thateach vertex “sees” at most two colors.
.....
.
This is not an optimal coloring yet.
![Page 12: An FPT Algorithm for Maximum Edge Coloring](https://reader033.vdocuments.pub/reader033/viewer/2022042613/547c6c195906b586798b471d/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Maximum Edge Coloring
GOAL. Color the edges of a graph so thateach vertex “sees” at most two colors.
....
.
This is not an optimal coloring yet.
![Page 13: An FPT Algorithm for Maximum Edge Coloring](https://reader033.vdocuments.pub/reader033/viewer/2022042613/547c6c195906b586798b471d/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Maximum Edge Coloring
GOAL. Color the edges of a graph so thateach vertex “sees” at most two colors.
...
.
This is not an optimal coloring yet.
![Page 14: An FPT Algorithm for Maximum Edge Coloring](https://reader033.vdocuments.pub/reader033/viewer/2022042613/547c6c195906b586798b471d/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Maximum Edge Coloring
GOAL. Color the edges of a graph so thateach vertex “sees” at most two colors.
..
.
This is not an optimal coloring yet.
![Page 15: An FPT Algorithm for Maximum Edge Coloring](https://reader033.vdocuments.pub/reader033/viewer/2022042613/547c6c195906b586798b471d/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Maximum Edge Coloring
GOAL. Color the edges of a graph so thateach vertex “sees” at most two colors.
.
.
This is not an optimal coloring yet.
![Page 16: An FPT Algorithm for Maximum Edge Coloring](https://reader033.vdocuments.pub/reader033/viewer/2022042613/547c6c195906b586798b471d/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Maximum Edge Coloring
GOAL. Color the edges of a graph so thateach vertex “sees” at most two colors.
..
This is not an optimal coloring yet.
![Page 17: An FPT Algorithm for Maximum Edge Coloring](https://reader033.vdocuments.pub/reader033/viewer/2022042613/547c6c195906b586798b471d/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Maximum Edge Coloring
GOAL. Color the edges of a graph so thateach vertex “sees” at most two colors.
.
.
This is not an optimal coloring yet.
![Page 18: An FPT Algorithm for Maximum Edge Coloring](https://reader033.vdocuments.pub/reader033/viewer/2022042613/547c6c195906b586798b471d/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Maximum Edge Coloring
GOAL. Color the edges of a graph so thateach vertex “sees” at most two colors.
.
.
This is not an optimal coloring yet.
![Page 19: An FPT Algorithm for Maximum Edge Coloring](https://reader033.vdocuments.pub/reader033/viewer/2022042613/547c6c195906b586798b471d/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Motivation
In a network, every system has two interface cards.
The goal is to assign frequency channels so that:
..1 No system is assigned more than two channels.
..2 The number of channels used overall is maximized.
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Motivation
In a network, every system has two interface cards.
The goal is to assign frequency channels so that:
..1 No system is assigned more than two channels.
..2 The number of channels used overall is maximized.
![Page 21: An FPT Algorithm for Maximum Edge Coloring](https://reader033.vdocuments.pub/reader033/viewer/2022042613/547c6c195906b586798b471d/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Motivation
In a graph, every system has two interface cards.
The goal is to assign frequency channels so that:
..1 No system is assigned more than two channels.
..2 The number of channels used overall is maximized.
![Page 22: An FPT Algorithm for Maximum Edge Coloring](https://reader033.vdocuments.pub/reader033/viewer/2022042613/547c6c195906b586798b471d/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Motivation
In a graph, every vertex has two interface cards.
The goal is to assign frequency channels so that:
..1 No system is assigned more than two channels.
..2 The number of channels used overall is maximized.
![Page 23: An FPT Algorithm for Maximum Edge Coloring](https://reader033.vdocuments.pub/reader033/viewer/2022042613/547c6c195906b586798b471d/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Motivation
In a graph, every vertex has two interface cards.
The goal is to assign frequency channels so that:
..1 No vertex sees more than two colors.
..2 The number of channels used overall is maximized.
![Page 24: An FPT Algorithm for Maximum Edge Coloring](https://reader033.vdocuments.pub/reader033/viewer/2022042613/547c6c195906b586798b471d/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Motivation
In a graph, every vertex has two interface cards.
The goal is to assign frequency channels so that:
..1 No vertex sees more than two colors.
..2 The number of colors used overall is maximimized.
![Page 25: An FPT Algorithm for Maximum Edge Coloring](https://reader033.vdocuments.pub/reader033/viewer/2022042613/547c6c195906b586798b471d/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Past Work
Max Edge coloring is known to be NP-Complete and also APX-Hard (Adamaszekand Popa, 2010)
A 2-approximation algorithm is known on general graphs (Feng, Zhang and Wang,2009)
The problem is shown to have a polynomial time algorithm for complete graphsand trees (Feng, Zhang and Wang, 2009)
There exists a 53-approximation algorithm for graphs with perefect matching
(Adamaszek and Popa, 2010)
![Page 26: An FPT Algorithm for Maximum Edge Coloring](https://reader033.vdocuments.pub/reader033/viewer/2022042613/547c6c195906b586798b471d/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Past Work
Max Edge coloring is known to be NP-Complete and also APX-Hard (Adamaszekand Popa, 2010)
A 2-approximation algorithm is known on general graphs (Feng, Zhang and Wang,2009)
The problem is shown to have a polynomial time algorithm for complete graphsand trees (Feng, Zhang and Wang, 2009)
There exists a 53-approximation algorithm for graphs with perefect matching
(Adamaszek and Popa, 2010)
![Page 27: An FPT Algorithm for Maximum Edge Coloring](https://reader033.vdocuments.pub/reader033/viewer/2022042613/547c6c195906b586798b471d/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Past Work
Max Edge coloring is known to be NP-Complete and also APX-Hard (Adamaszekand Popa, 2010)
A 2-approximation algorithm is known on general graphs (Feng, Zhang and Wang,2009)
The problem is shown to have a polynomial time algorithm for complete graphsand trees (Feng, Zhang and Wang, 2009)
There exists a 53-approximation algorithm for graphs with perefect matching
(Adamaszek and Popa, 2010)
![Page 28: An FPT Algorithm for Maximum Edge Coloring](https://reader033.vdocuments.pub/reader033/viewer/2022042613/547c6c195906b586798b471d/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Past Work
Max Edge coloring is known to be NP-Complete and also APX-Hard (Adamaszekand Popa, 2010)
A 2-approximation algorithm is known on general graphs (Feng, Zhang and Wang,2009)
The problem is shown to have a polynomial time algorithm for complete graphsand trees (Feng, Zhang and Wang, 2009)
There exists a 53-approximation algorithm for graphs with perefect matching
(Adamaszek and Popa, 2010)
![Page 29: An FPT Algorithm for Maximum Edge Coloring](https://reader033.vdocuments.pub/reader033/viewer/2022042613/547c6c195906b586798b471d/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Maximum Edge Coloring: The Decision Version
Can we color with at least k colors?
≡
Can we color with exactly k colors?
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Maximum Edge Coloring: The Decision Version
Can we color with at least k colors?
≡
Can we color with exactly k colors?
![Page 31: An FPT Algorithm for Maximum Edge Coloring](https://reader033.vdocuments.pub/reader033/viewer/2022042613/547c6c195906b586798b471d/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
Maximum Edge Coloring: The Decision Version
Can we color with at least k colors?
≡
Can we color with exactly k colors?
![Page 32: An FPT Algorithm for Maximum Edge Coloring](https://reader033.vdocuments.pub/reader033/viewer/2022042613/547c6c195906b586798b471d/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
Blue→ Black.
...........
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Blue→ Black.
...........
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Blue→ Black.
...........
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Blue→ Black.
...........
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Blue→ Black.
...........
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Blue→ Black.
...........
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Blue→ Black.
...........
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The Maximum Edge Coloring Problem (Parameterized)
Input: A graphG and an integer k.
Question: Can the edges ofG be colored with k colors so that no vertexsees more than two colors?
Parameter: k
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The Maximum Edge Coloring Problem (Parameterized)
Input: A graphG and an integer k.
Question: Can the edges ofG be colored with k colors so that no vertexsees more than two colors?
Parameter: k
![Page 41: An FPT Algorithm for Maximum Edge Coloring](https://reader033.vdocuments.pub/reader033/viewer/2022042613/547c6c195906b586798b471d/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
A parameterized problem is denoted by a pair (Q, k) ⊆ Σ∗ × N.
The first componentQ is a classical language, and the number k is called theparameter.
Such a problem is fixed–parameter tractable or FPT if there exists an algorithmthat decides it in timeO(f(k)nO(1)) on instances of size n.
![Page 42: An FPT Algorithm for Maximum Edge Coloring](https://reader033.vdocuments.pub/reader033/viewer/2022042613/547c6c195906b586798b471d/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
A parameterized problem is denoted by a pair (Q, k) ⊆ Σ∗ × N.
The first componentQ is a classical language, and the number k is called theparameter.
Such a problem is fixed–parameter tractable or FPT if there exists an algorithmthat decides it in timeO(f(k)nO(1)) on instances of size n.
![Page 43: An FPT Algorithm for Maximum Edge Coloring](https://reader033.vdocuments.pub/reader033/viewer/2022042613/547c6c195906b586798b471d/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
A parameterized problem is denoted by a pair (Q, k) ⊆ Σ∗ × N.
The first componentQ is a classical language, and the number k is called theparameter.
Such a problem is fixed–parameter tractable or FPT if there exists an algorithmthat decides it in timeO(f(k)nO(1)) on instances of size n.
![Page 44: An FPT Algorithm for Maximum Edge Coloring](https://reader033.vdocuments.pub/reader033/viewer/2022042613/547c6c195906b586798b471d/html5/thumbnails/44.jpg)
If there are less than k edges⇒ Say NO.
A matching of size at least (k− 1)⇒ Say YES.
.
..........
![Page 45: An FPT Algorithm for Maximum Edge Coloring](https://reader033.vdocuments.pub/reader033/viewer/2022042613/547c6c195906b586798b471d/html5/thumbnails/45.jpg)
If there are less than k edges⇒ Say NO.
A matching of size at least (k− 1)⇒ Say YES.
...........
![Page 46: An FPT Algorithm for Maximum Edge Coloring](https://reader033.vdocuments.pub/reader033/viewer/2022042613/547c6c195906b586798b471d/html5/thumbnails/46.jpg)
If there are less than k edges⇒ Say NO.
A matching of size at least (k− 1)⇒ Say YES.
...........
![Page 47: An FPT Algorithm for Maximum Edge Coloring](https://reader033.vdocuments.pub/reader033/viewer/2022042613/547c6c195906b586798b471d/html5/thumbnails/47.jpg)
If there are less than k edges⇒ Say NO.
A matching of size at least (k− 1)⇒ Say YES.
...........
![Page 48: An FPT Algorithm for Maximum Edge Coloring](https://reader033.vdocuments.pub/reader033/viewer/2022042613/547c6c195906b586798b471d/html5/thumbnails/48.jpg)
If there are less than k edges⇒ Say NO.
A matching of size at least (k− 1)⇒ Say YES.
...........
![Page 49: An FPT Algorithm for Maximum Edge Coloring](https://reader033.vdocuments.pub/reader033/viewer/2022042613/547c6c195906b586798b471d/html5/thumbnails/49.jpg)
If there are less than k edges⇒ Say NO.
A matching of size at least (k− 1)⇒ Say YES.
...........
![Page 50: An FPT Algorithm for Maximum Edge Coloring](https://reader033.vdocuments.pub/reader033/viewer/2022042613/547c6c195906b586798b471d/html5/thumbnails/50.jpg)
If there are less than k edges⇒ Say NO.
A matching of size at least (k− 1)⇒ Say YES.
...........
![Page 51: An FPT Algorithm for Maximum Edge Coloring](https://reader033.vdocuments.pub/reader033/viewer/2022042613/547c6c195906b586798b471d/html5/thumbnails/51.jpg)
If there are less than k edges⇒ Say NO.
A matching of size at least (k− 1)⇒ Say YES.
...........
![Page 52: An FPT Algorithm for Maximum Edge Coloring](https://reader033.vdocuments.pub/reader033/viewer/2022042613/547c6c195906b586798b471d/html5/thumbnails/52.jpg)
...
.............We have a
.
of size at most 2k.
..............
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.....
...........We have a
.
of size at most 2k.
..............
![Page 54: An FPT Algorithm for Maximum Edge Coloring](https://reader033.vdocuments.pub/reader033/viewer/2022042613/547c6c195906b586798b471d/html5/thumbnails/54.jpg)
.......
.........We have a
.
of size at most 2k.
..............
![Page 55: An FPT Algorithm for Maximum Edge Coloring](https://reader033.vdocuments.pub/reader033/viewer/2022042613/547c6c195906b586798b471d/html5/thumbnails/55.jpg)
.........
.......We have a
.
of size at most 2k.
..............
![Page 56: An FPT Algorithm for Maximum Edge Coloring](https://reader033.vdocuments.pub/reader033/viewer/2022042613/547c6c195906b586798b471d/html5/thumbnails/56.jpg)
...........
.....We have a
.
of size at most 2k.
..............
![Page 57: An FPT Algorithm for Maximum Edge Coloring](https://reader033.vdocuments.pub/reader033/viewer/2022042613/547c6c195906b586798b471d/html5/thumbnails/57.jpg)
.............
...We have a
.
of size at most 2k.
..............
![Page 58: An FPT Algorithm for Maximum Edge Coloring](https://reader033.vdocuments.pub/reader033/viewer/2022042613/547c6c195906b586798b471d/html5/thumbnails/58.jpg)
...............
.We have a
.
of size at most 2k.
..............
![Page 59: An FPT Algorithm for Maximum Edge Coloring](https://reader033.vdocuments.pub/reader033/viewer/2022042613/547c6c195906b586798b471d/html5/thumbnails/59.jpg)
...............
.We have a
.
of size at most 2k.
..............
![Page 60: An FPT Algorithm for Maximum Edge Coloring](https://reader033.vdocuments.pub/reader033/viewer/2022042613/547c6c195906b586798b471d/html5/thumbnails/60.jpg)
................We have a vertex cover
.
of size at most 2k.
..............
![Page 61: An FPT Algorithm for Maximum Edge Coloring](https://reader033.vdocuments.pub/reader033/viewer/2022042613/547c6c195906b586798b471d/html5/thumbnails/61.jpg)
..We have a vertex cover
.
of size at most 2k.
..............
![Page 62: An FPT Algorithm for Maximum Edge Coloring](https://reader033.vdocuments.pub/reader033/viewer/2022042613/547c6c195906b586798b471d/html5/thumbnails/62.jpg)
..
Color Palette
.............
Vertex Cover
.Independent Set
![Page 63: An FPT Algorithm for Maximum Edge Coloring](https://reader033.vdocuments.pub/reader033/viewer/2022042613/547c6c195906b586798b471d/html5/thumbnails/63.jpg)
..
Color Palette
............
Vertex Cover
.Independent Set
![Page 64: An FPT Algorithm for Maximum Edge Coloring](https://reader033.vdocuments.pub/reader033/viewer/2022042613/547c6c195906b586798b471d/html5/thumbnails/64.jpg)
..
Color Palette
...........
Vertex Cover
.Independent Set
![Page 65: An FPT Algorithm for Maximum Edge Coloring](https://reader033.vdocuments.pub/reader033/viewer/2022042613/547c6c195906b586798b471d/html5/thumbnails/65.jpg)
..
Color Palette
..........
Vertex Cover
.Independent Set
![Page 66: An FPT Algorithm for Maximum Edge Coloring](https://reader033.vdocuments.pub/reader033/viewer/2022042613/547c6c195906b586798b471d/html5/thumbnails/66.jpg)
..
Color Palette
.........
Vertex Cover
.Independent Set
![Page 67: An FPT Algorithm for Maximum Edge Coloring](https://reader033.vdocuments.pub/reader033/viewer/2022042613/547c6c195906b586798b471d/html5/thumbnails/67.jpg)
..
Color Palette
........
Vertex Cover
.Independent Set
![Page 68: An FPT Algorithm for Maximum Edge Coloring](https://reader033.vdocuments.pub/reader033/viewer/2022042613/547c6c195906b586798b471d/html5/thumbnails/68.jpg)
..
Color Palette
.......
Vertex Cover
.Independent Set
![Page 69: An FPT Algorithm for Maximum Edge Coloring](https://reader033.vdocuments.pub/reader033/viewer/2022042613/547c6c195906b586798b471d/html5/thumbnails/69.jpg)
..
Color Palette
......
Vertex Cover
.Independent Set
![Page 70: An FPT Algorithm for Maximum Edge Coloring](https://reader033.vdocuments.pub/reader033/viewer/2022042613/547c6c195906b586798b471d/html5/thumbnails/70.jpg)
To realize a palette assignment, we must assign colors so that:
..1 Every edge respects the palette.
..2 Every palette is satisified.
.
.....
.
Vertex Cover
.Independent Set
![Page 71: An FPT Algorithm for Maximum Edge Coloring](https://reader033.vdocuments.pub/reader033/viewer/2022042613/547c6c195906b586798b471d/html5/thumbnails/71.jpg)
To realize a palette assignment, we must assign colors so that:
..1 Every edge respects the palette.
..2 Every palette is satisified.
.
.....
.
Vertex Cover
.Independent Set
![Page 72: An FPT Algorithm for Maximum Edge Coloring](https://reader033.vdocuments.pub/reader033/viewer/2022042613/547c6c195906b586798b471d/html5/thumbnails/72.jpg)
To realize a palette assignment, we must assign colors so that:
..1 Every edge respects the palette.
..2 Every palette is satisified.
.......
Vertex Cover
.Independent Set
![Page 73: An FPT Algorithm for Maximum Edge Coloring](https://reader033.vdocuments.pub/reader033/viewer/2022042613/547c6c195906b586798b471d/html5/thumbnails/73.jpg)
Sanity Checks
![Page 74: An FPT Algorithm for Maximum Edge Coloring](https://reader033.vdocuments.pub/reader033/viewer/2022042613/547c6c195906b586798b471d/html5/thumbnails/74.jpg)
..
Color Palette
........
Vertex Cover
.Independent Set
.
Reject this palette assignment...
![Page 75: An FPT Algorithm for Maximum Edge Coloring](https://reader033.vdocuments.pub/reader033/viewer/2022042613/547c6c195906b586798b471d/html5/thumbnails/75.jpg)
..
Color Palette
.......
Vertex Cover
.Independent Set
.
Reject this palette assignment...
![Page 76: An FPT Algorithm for Maximum Edge Coloring](https://reader033.vdocuments.pub/reader033/viewer/2022042613/547c6c195906b586798b471d/html5/thumbnails/76.jpg)
..
Color Palette
......
Vertex Cover
.Independent Set
.
Reject this palette assignment...
![Page 77: An FPT Algorithm for Maximum Edge Coloring](https://reader033.vdocuments.pub/reader033/viewer/2022042613/547c6c195906b586798b471d/html5/thumbnails/77.jpg)
..
Color Palette
......
Vertex Cover
.Independent Set
.
Reject this palette assignment...
![Page 78: An FPT Algorithm for Maximum Edge Coloring](https://reader033.vdocuments.pub/reader033/viewer/2022042613/547c6c195906b586798b471d/html5/thumbnails/78.jpg)
..
Color Palette
......
Vertex Cover
.Independent Set
.
Every color must be realized in the palettes of the vertex cover vertices.
.
Reject this assignment.
.
![Page 79: An FPT Algorithm for Maximum Edge Coloring](https://reader033.vdocuments.pub/reader033/viewer/2022042613/547c6c195906b586798b471d/html5/thumbnails/79.jpg)
..
Color Palette
......
Vertex Cover
.Independent Set
.
Every color must be realized in the palettes of the vertex cover vertices.
.
Reject this assignment.
.
![Page 80: An FPT Algorithm for Maximum Edge Coloring](https://reader033.vdocuments.pub/reader033/viewer/2022042613/547c6c195906b586798b471d/html5/thumbnails/80.jpg)
..
Color Palette
......
Vertex Cover
.Independent Set
.
Every color must be realized in the palettes of the vertex cover vertices.
.
Reject this assignment.
.
![Page 81: An FPT Algorithm for Maximum Edge Coloring](https://reader033.vdocuments.pub/reader033/viewer/2022042613/547c6c195906b586798b471d/html5/thumbnails/81.jpg)
Guess a split of the Palette
![Page 82: An FPT Algorithm for Maximum Edge Coloring](https://reader033.vdocuments.pub/reader033/viewer/2022042613/547c6c195906b586798b471d/html5/thumbnails/82.jpg)
..
Color Palette
......
Guess X: the set of colors assigned to edges within the vertex cover.
.
Vertex Cover
.
Independent Set
![Page 83: An FPT Algorithm for Maximum Edge Coloring](https://reader033.vdocuments.pub/reader033/viewer/2022042613/547c6c195906b586798b471d/html5/thumbnails/83.jpg)
..
Color Palette
......
Guess X: the set of colors assigned to edges within the vertex cover.
.
Vertex Cover
.
Independent Set
![Page 84: An FPT Algorithm for Maximum Edge Coloring](https://reader033.vdocuments.pub/reader033/viewer/2022042613/547c6c195906b586798b471d/html5/thumbnails/84.jpg)
..
Color Palette
......
Guess X: the set of colors assigned to edges within the vertex cover.
.
Vertex Cover
.
Independent Set
![Page 85: An FPT Algorithm for Maximum Edge Coloring](https://reader033.vdocuments.pub/reader033/viewer/2022042613/547c6c195906b586798b471d/html5/thumbnails/85.jpg)
..
Color Palette
......
Guess X: the set of colors assigned to edges within the vertex cover.
.
Vertex Cover
.
Independent Set
![Page 86: An FPT Algorithm for Maximum Edge Coloring](https://reader033.vdocuments.pub/reader033/viewer/2022042613/547c6c195906b586798b471d/html5/thumbnails/86.jpg)
..
Color Palette
......
|X| ⩽ k.
.
Vertex Cover
.
Independent Set
![Page 87: An FPT Algorithm for Maximum Edge Coloring](https://reader033.vdocuments.pub/reader033/viewer/2022042613/547c6c195906b586798b471d/html5/thumbnails/87.jpg)
Assign Colors Within the Vertex Cover
![Page 88: An FPT Algorithm for Maximum Edge Coloring](https://reader033.vdocuments.pub/reader033/viewer/2022042613/547c6c195906b586798b471d/html5/thumbnails/88.jpg)
..
Color Palette WithX Fixed
........
Vertex Cover
.
Independent Set
.
Case 1: The palettes intersect at one color.
.
The edge gets that color.
.
Case 2: The palettes are the same.
.
If only one of the colors is in X, assign that color.
.
If both colors are in X, branch.
![Page 89: An FPT Algorithm for Maximum Edge Coloring](https://reader033.vdocuments.pub/reader033/viewer/2022042613/547c6c195906b586798b471d/html5/thumbnails/89.jpg)
..
Color Palette WithX Fixed
.......
Vertex Cover
.
Independent Set
.
Case 1: The palettes intersect at one color.
.
The edge gets that color.
.
Case 2: The palettes are the same.
.
If only one of the colors is in X, assign that color.
.
If both colors are in X, branch.
![Page 90: An FPT Algorithm for Maximum Edge Coloring](https://reader033.vdocuments.pub/reader033/viewer/2022042613/547c6c195906b586798b471d/html5/thumbnails/90.jpg)
..
Color Palette WithX Fixed
......
Vertex Cover
.
Independent Set
.
Case 1: The palettes intersect at one color.
.
The edge gets that color.
.
Case 2: The palettes are the same.
.
If only one of the colors is in X, assign that color.
.
If both colors are in X, branch.
![Page 91: An FPT Algorithm for Maximum Edge Coloring](https://reader033.vdocuments.pub/reader033/viewer/2022042613/547c6c195906b586798b471d/html5/thumbnails/91.jpg)
..
Color Palette WithX Fixed
......
Vertex Cover
.
Independent Set
.
Case 1: The palettes intersect at one color.
.
The edge gets that color.
.
Case 2: The palettes are the same.
.
If only one of the colors is in X, assign that color.
.
If both colors are in X, branch.
![Page 92: An FPT Algorithm for Maximum Edge Coloring](https://reader033.vdocuments.pub/reader033/viewer/2022042613/547c6c195906b586798b471d/html5/thumbnails/92.jpg)
..
Color Palette WithX Fixed
......
Vertex Cover
.
Independent Set
.
Case 1: The palettes intersect at one color.
.
The edge gets that color.
.
Case 2: The palettes are the same.
.
If only one of the colors is in X, assign that color.
.
If both colors are in X, branch.
![Page 93: An FPT Algorithm for Maximum Edge Coloring](https://reader033.vdocuments.pub/reader033/viewer/2022042613/547c6c195906b586798b471d/html5/thumbnails/93.jpg)
..
Color Palette WithX Fixed
......
Vertex Cover
.
Independent Set
.
Case 1: The palettes intersect at one color.
.
The edge gets that color.
.
Case 2: The palettes are the same.
.
If only one of the colors is in X, assign that color.
.
If both colors are in X, branch.
![Page 94: An FPT Algorithm for Maximum Edge Coloring](https://reader033.vdocuments.pub/reader033/viewer/2022042613/547c6c195906b586798b471d/html5/thumbnails/94.jpg)
..
Color Palette WithX Fixed
......
Vertex Cover
.
Independent Set
.
Case 1: The palettes intersect at one color.
.
The edge gets that color.
.
Case 2: The palettes are the same.
.
If only one of the colors is in X, assign that color.
.
If both colors are in X, branch.
![Page 95: An FPT Algorithm for Maximum Edge Coloring](https://reader033.vdocuments.pub/reader033/viewer/2022042613/547c6c195906b586798b471d/html5/thumbnails/95.jpg)
Whenever a color in X is assigned to an edge, mark it as used.
Branch only over unused colors.
Once all colors in X are used, assign colors arbitrarily.
![Page 96: An FPT Algorithm for Maximum Edge Coloring](https://reader033.vdocuments.pub/reader033/viewer/2022042613/547c6c195906b586798b471d/html5/thumbnails/96.jpg)
Whenever a color in X is assigned to an edge, mark it as used.
Branch only over unused colors.
Once all colors in X are used, assign colors arbitrarily.
![Page 97: An FPT Algorithm for Maximum Edge Coloring](https://reader033.vdocuments.pub/reader033/viewer/2022042613/547c6c195906b586798b471d/html5/thumbnails/97.jpg)
Whenever a color in X is assigned to an edge, mark it as used.
Branch only over unused colors.
Once all colors in X are used, assign colors arbitrarily.
![Page 98: An FPT Algorithm for Maximum Edge Coloring](https://reader033.vdocuments.pub/reader033/viewer/2022042613/547c6c195906b586798b471d/html5/thumbnails/98.jpg)
Assign Colors Outside the Vertex Cover
![Page 99: An FPT Algorithm for Maximum Edge Coloring](https://reader033.vdocuments.pub/reader033/viewer/2022042613/547c6c195906b586798b471d/html5/thumbnails/99.jpg)
..
Color Palette
............
.
.
Vertex Cover
.Independent Set
![Page 100: An FPT Algorithm for Maximum Edge Coloring](https://reader033.vdocuments.pub/reader033/viewer/2022042613/547c6c195906b586798b471d/html5/thumbnails/100.jpg)
..
Color Palette
..............
Vertex Cover
.Independent Set
![Page 101: An FPT Algorithm for Maximum Edge Coloring](https://reader033.vdocuments.pub/reader033/viewer/2022042613/547c6c195906b586798b471d/html5/thumbnails/101.jpg)
..
Color Palette
..............
Vertex Cover
.Independent Set
![Page 102: An FPT Algorithm for Maximum Edge Coloring](https://reader033.vdocuments.pub/reader033/viewer/2022042613/547c6c195906b586798b471d/html5/thumbnails/102.jpg)
..
Color Palette
............
..
.
Vertex Cover
.Independent Set
![Page 103: An FPT Algorithm for Maximum Edge Coloring](https://reader033.vdocuments.pub/reader033/viewer/2022042613/547c6c195906b586798b471d/html5/thumbnails/103.jpg)
..
Color Palette
.............
.
.
Vertex Cover
.Independent Set
![Page 104: An FPT Algorithm for Maximum Edge Coloring](https://reader033.vdocuments.pub/reader033/viewer/2022042613/547c6c195906b586798b471d/html5/thumbnails/104.jpg)
..
Color Palette
.............
.
.
Vertex Cover
.Independent Set
![Page 105: An FPT Algorithm for Maximum Edge Coloring](https://reader033.vdocuments.pub/reader033/viewer/2022042613/547c6c195906b586798b471d/html5/thumbnails/105.jpg)
..
Color Palette
.............
.
.
Vertex Cover
.Independent Set
![Page 106: An FPT Algorithm for Maximum Edge Coloring](https://reader033.vdocuments.pub/reader033/viewer/2022042613/547c6c195906b586798b471d/html5/thumbnails/106.jpg)
..
Color Palette
.............
.
.
Vertex Cover
.Independent Set
![Page 107: An FPT Algorithm for Maximum Edge Coloring](https://reader033.vdocuments.pub/reader033/viewer/2022042613/547c6c195906b586798b471d/html5/thumbnails/107.jpg)
..
Color Palette
.............
.
.
Vertex Cover
.Independent Set
![Page 108: An FPT Algorithm for Maximum Edge Coloring](https://reader033.vdocuments.pub/reader033/viewer/2022042613/547c6c195906b586798b471d/html5/thumbnails/108.jpg)
..
Color Palette
............
.
..
Vertex Cover
.Independent Set
![Page 109: An FPT Algorithm for Maximum Edge Coloring](https://reader033.vdocuments.pub/reader033/viewer/2022042613/547c6c195906b586798b471d/html5/thumbnails/109.jpg)
..
Color Palette
............
.
..
Vertex Cover
.Independent Set
![Page 110: An FPT Algorithm for Maximum Edge Coloring](https://reader033.vdocuments.pub/reader033/viewer/2022042613/547c6c195906b586798b471d/html5/thumbnails/110.jpg)
..
Color Palette
............
.
..
Vertex Cover
.Independent Set
![Page 111: An FPT Algorithm for Maximum Edge Coloring](https://reader033.vdocuments.pub/reader033/viewer/2022042613/547c6c195906b586798b471d/html5/thumbnails/111.jpg)
..
Color Palette
............
.
..
Vertex Cover
.Independent Set
![Page 112: An FPT Algorithm for Maximum Edge Coloring](https://reader033.vdocuments.pub/reader033/viewer/2022042613/547c6c195906b586798b471d/html5/thumbnails/112.jpg)
As it turns out, there are only two kinds of lists:
..1 Those with constant size.
Continue to branch.
..2 Those with a common color.
Reduces to a maximum matching problem.
![Page 113: An FPT Algorithm for Maximum Edge Coloring](https://reader033.vdocuments.pub/reader033/viewer/2022042613/547c6c195906b586798b471d/html5/thumbnails/113.jpg)
As it turns out, there are only two kinds of lists:
..1 Those with constant size.
Continue to branch.
..2 Those with a common color.
Reduces to a maximum matching problem.
![Page 114: An FPT Algorithm for Maximum Edge Coloring](https://reader033.vdocuments.pub/reader033/viewer/2022042613/547c6c195906b586798b471d/html5/thumbnails/114.jpg)
As it turns out, there are only two kinds of lists:
..1 Those with constant size.Continue to branch.
..2 Those with a common color.
Reduces to a maximum matching problem.
![Page 115: An FPT Algorithm for Maximum Edge Coloring](https://reader033.vdocuments.pub/reader033/viewer/2022042613/547c6c195906b586798b471d/html5/thumbnails/115.jpg)
As it turns out, there are only two kinds of lists:
..1 Those with constant size.Continue to branch.
..2 Those with a common color.Reduces to a maximum matching problem.
![Page 116: An FPT Algorithm for Maximum Edge Coloring](https://reader033.vdocuments.pub/reader033/viewer/2022042613/547c6c195906b586798b471d/html5/thumbnails/116.jpg)
Running time?
![Page 117: An FPT Algorithm for Maximum Edge Coloring](https://reader033.vdocuments.pub/reader033/viewer/2022042613/547c6c195906b586798b471d/html5/thumbnails/117.jpg)
Palette
× Guess X× Branching
k2k
· 2k · 10k
Overall: O∗((20k)k)
![Page 118: An FPT Algorithm for Maximum Edge Coloring](https://reader033.vdocuments.pub/reader033/viewer/2022042613/547c6c195906b586798b471d/html5/thumbnails/118.jpg)
Palette× Guess X
× Branching
k2k · 2k
· 10k
Overall: O∗((20k)k)
![Page 119: An FPT Algorithm for Maximum Edge Coloring](https://reader033.vdocuments.pub/reader033/viewer/2022042613/547c6c195906b586798b471d/html5/thumbnails/119.jpg)
Palette× Guess X× Branching
k2k · 2k · 10k
Overall: O∗((20k)k)
![Page 120: An FPT Algorithm for Maximum Edge Coloring](https://reader033.vdocuments.pub/reader033/viewer/2022042613/547c6c195906b586798b471d/html5/thumbnails/120.jpg)
Palette× Guess X× Branching
k2k · 2k · 10k
Overall: O∗((20k)k)
![Page 121: An FPT Algorithm for Maximum Edge Coloring](https://reader033.vdocuments.pub/reader033/viewer/2022042613/547c6c195906b586798b471d/html5/thumbnails/121.jpg)
Other Results
..1 We show an explicit exponential kernel by the application of some simplereduction rules.
..2 We also show NP-hardness and polynomial kernels for restricted graphclasses (constant maximum degree, and C4-free graphs).
..3 We consider the dual parameter and show a polynomial kernel in thissetting.
![Page 122: An FPT Algorithm for Maximum Edge Coloring](https://reader033.vdocuments.pub/reader033/viewer/2022042613/547c6c195906b586798b471d/html5/thumbnails/122.jpg)
Other Results
..1 We show an explicit exponential kernel by the application of some simplereduction rules.
..2 We also show NP-hardness and polynomial kernels for restricted graphclasses (constant maximum degree, and C4-free graphs).
..3 We consider the dual parameter and show a polynomial kernel in thissetting.
![Page 123: An FPT Algorithm for Maximum Edge Coloring](https://reader033.vdocuments.pub/reader033/viewer/2022042613/547c6c195906b586798b471d/html5/thumbnails/123.jpg)
Other Results
..1 We show an explicit exponential kernel by the application of some simplereduction rules.
..2 We also show NP-hardness and polynomial kernels for restricted graphclasses (constant maximum degree, and C4-free graphs).
..3 We consider the dual parameter and show a polynomial kernel in thissetting.
![Page 124: An FPT Algorithm for Maximum Edge Coloring](https://reader033.vdocuments.pub/reader033/viewer/2022042613/547c6c195906b586798b471d/html5/thumbnails/124.jpg)
Other Results
..1 We show an explicit exponential kernel by the application of some simplereduction rules.
..2 We also show NP-hardness and polynomial kernels for restricted graphclasses (constant maximum degree, and C4-free graphs).
..3 We consider the dual parameter 1 and show a polynomial kernel in thissetting.
1Can we color with at least (n− k) colors?
![Page 125: An FPT Algorithm for Maximum Edge Coloring](https://reader033.vdocuments.pub/reader033/viewer/2022042613/547c6c195906b586798b471d/html5/thumbnails/125.jpg)
Several Open Problems!
..1 Can the algorithm be improved to a running time of O(ck) for someconstant c?
..2 Does the problem admit a polynomial kernel?
..3 A natural extension would be the above-guarantee version: can we colorwith at least (t+ k) colors, where t is the size of a maximum matching?
..4 Is there an explicit FPT algorithm for the dual parameter?
![Page 126: An FPT Algorithm for Maximum Edge Coloring](https://reader033.vdocuments.pub/reader033/viewer/2022042613/547c6c195906b586798b471d/html5/thumbnails/126.jpg)
Several Open Problems!
..1 Can the algorithm be improved to a running time of O(ck) for someconstant c?
..2 Does the problem admit a polynomial kernel?
..3 A natural extension would be the above-guarantee version: can we colorwith at least (t+ k) colors, where t is the size of a maximum matching?
..4 Is there an explicit FPT algorithm for the dual parameter?
![Page 127: An FPT Algorithm for Maximum Edge Coloring](https://reader033.vdocuments.pub/reader033/viewer/2022042613/547c6c195906b586798b471d/html5/thumbnails/127.jpg)
Several Open Problems!
..1 Can the algorithm be improved to a running time of O(ck) for someconstant c?
..2 Does the problem admit a polynomial kernel?
..3 A natural extension would be the above-guarantee version: can we colorwith at least (t+ k) colors, where t is the size of a maximum matching?
..4 Is there an explicit FPT algorithm for the dual parameter?
![Page 128: An FPT Algorithm for Maximum Edge Coloring](https://reader033.vdocuments.pub/reader033/viewer/2022042613/547c6c195906b586798b471d/html5/thumbnails/128.jpg)
Several Open Problems!
..1 Can the algorithm be improved to a running time of O(ck) for someconstant c?
..2 Does the problem admit a polynomial kernel?
..3 A natural extension would be the above-guarantee version: can we colorwith at least (t+ k) colors, where t is the size of a maximum matching?
..4 Is there an explicit FPT algorithm for the dual parameter?
![Page 129: An FPT Algorithm for Maximum Edge Coloring](https://reader033.vdocuments.pub/reader033/viewer/2022042613/547c6c195906b586798b471d/html5/thumbnails/129.jpg)
Several Open Problems!
..1 Can the algorithm be improved to a running time of O(ck) for someconstant c?
..2 Does the problem admit a polynomial kernel?
..3 A natural extension would be the above-guarantee version: can we colorwith at least (t+ k) colors, where t is the size of a maximum matching?
..4 Is there an explicit FPT algorithm for the dual parameter?
![Page 130: An FPT Algorithm for Maximum Edge Coloring](https://reader033.vdocuments.pub/reader033/viewer/2022042613/547c6c195906b586798b471d/html5/thumbnails/130.jpg)
Thank You.