ananda path (bangla druto pothon) - all … · 07.03.2013 · abyaveb ev¯Íe rxe‡b c‡qvmÖ...

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cvwL Avwmj| m‡½ †Kv‡Zvqvj Avwmj, cvBK Avwmj, †NvomIqvi Awmj, ivRv cvwLUv‡K wUwc‡jb, †m

nu Kwij bv, nuy Kwij bv| †Kej Zvi †c‡Ui g‡a¨ cuyw_i kyK‡bv cvZv MR&MR& Kwi‡Z jvwMj|

5. cvwLi m‡½-Dwj−wLZ mK‡j †Kb G‡mwQj ?

K. cvwLi wbivcËvi Rb¨ L. ivRvi Av‡`k i¶vi Rb¨

M. cvwL‡K we`¨v`v‡bi D‡Ï‡k¨ N. †QvU Kv‡R eo Av‡qvR‡bi D‡Ï‡k¨|

6. ÔcvwL nu Kwij bv, nuy Kwij bvÕÑ†Kb ?

K. cvwLi g„Zy n‡q‡Q L. cvwLi we`¨vjvf n‡q‡Q

M. cvwL cuyw_ †L‡q †d‡j‡Q N. cvwL K_v ej‡Z cv‡i bv|

7. D×„ZvskwU‡Z Aš—wb©wnZ wk¶v Kx ?

i. cvwL cuyw_MZ we`¨v jvf Ki‡Z cv‡i bv

ii. cvwL Zvi ¯^fveMZ AvPiY K‡i

iii. wb› y‡Kiv †KejB wb›`v K‡i


K. i L. ii

M. i I ii N. i I iii

7 Avb›`cvV

jvjy 21

m„Rbkxj cÖkœ

1. ivRvi GK cvwL| cÖK…wZi ¯^vfvweK wbq‡g †m Mvb Mvq, e‡bi dj Lvq, D‡o †eovq|

GK‡kªwYi AvZ¥¯^v_©m‡PZb gvbyl ivRv‡K civgk© †`q cvwL‡K wk¶v w`‡Z n‡e| wKš—y

cÖK…wZi weiy‡× mKj Av‡qvRb e¨_© nq| cvwL cuyw_cv‡Vi fvi enb Ki‡Z bv †c‡i †kl

n‡q hvq| Avi em‡š—i evZv‡m gyKzwjZ wKkjqMywj `xN©wbtk¦vm †d‡j|

K. ivRvi cvwLwUi bvg Kx?

L. cvwL‡K wk¶v †èvi mKj Av‡qvRb e¨_© nq †Kb? e¨vL¨v Ki|

M. gvby‡li fvlv Ab¨ cÖvYx‡K †kLvevi cÖ‡Póv m¤ú‡K© †Zvgvi AwfgZ e¨³ Ki|

N. D×„Zvsk †_‡K ivRv, civgk© vZve„›` I cvwLi ¯^fv‡ei êwkó¨mg~n we‡k−lY Ki|

2. D×„ZvskwU co Ges cÖkœmg~‡ni DËi `vI :

msmv‡i Ab¨ Afve A‡bK Av‡Q, †Kej wb› yK Av‡Q h‡_ó| Zviv ewjj, LuvPvUvi DbœwZ

nB‡Z‡Q, wKš—y cvwLUvi Lei †Kn iv‡L bv|

K_vUv ivRvi Kv‡b †Mj| wZwb fvwMbv‡K WvwKqv ewj‡jb, ÔfvwMbv, G Kx K_v kywb|Õ

fvwMbv ewjj, Ôwb›`yKMywj LvB‡Z cvq bv ewjqvB g›` K_v e‡j Õ|

Reve kywbqv ivRv Ae¯’vUv cwi®‹vi eywS‡jb, Avi ZLwb fvwMbv‡ì Mjvq †mvbvi nvi

Pwoj|

K. cvwLUv‡K †Kb LuvPvq ivLv n‡qwQj?

L. wb›`yK Kviv? Zv‡ì gš—‡eï cÖK…Z A_© e¨vL¨v Ki|

M. DÏxc‡Ki Av‡jv‡K fvwMbvi PvwiwÎK êwk‡óï eY©bv `vI|

N. Ôwb›`y‡Kiv LvB‡Z cv‡i bv ewjqvB g›`K_v e‡jÕÑ fvwMbvi GK_vi Zvrch© we‡k −lY

Ki|

†ZvZvKvwnbx 8

Avb›`cvV 22

jvjy kirP› ª P‡Ævcva¨vq

Zvi WvKbvg wQj jvjy| fv‡jv bvg Aek¨ GKUv wQjB, wKš—y g‡b †bB| Rv‡bv †eva nq, wnw›`‡Z

ÔjvjÕ kãUvi A_© n‡”Q wcÖq| G-bvg †K Zv‡i w`‡qwQj Rvwb‡b, wKš—y gvby‡li m‡½ bv‡gi

Ggb m½wZ K`vwPr †g‡j| †m wQj mK‡ji wcÖq|

B¯‹zj †Q‡o Avgiv wM‡q K‡j‡R fwZ© njvg, jvjy ej‡j, †m e¨emv Ki‡e| gv‡qi Kv‡Q `k UvKv

†P‡q wb‡q †m wV‡K`vwi ïiy K‡i w`‡j| Avgiv ejjvg, jvjy †Zvgvi cyuwR Z `k UvKv| †m †n‡m

ej‡j, Avi KZ PvB, GB Z †Xi| mevB Zv‡K fv‡jvevmZ, Zvi KvR Ry‡U †Mj| Zvi c‡i

K‡j‡Ri c‡_ cÖvqB †`L‡Z †cZvg, jvjy QvwZ gv_vq RbK‡qK Kzwj-gRyi wb‡q iv¯Zvi †QvULv‡Uv

†givg‡Zi Kv‡R †j‡M‡Q| Avgv‡`i †`‡L †n‡m Zvgvkv K‡i ejZÑ hv hv †`Š‡ovÑcvi‡m‡›U‡Ri

LvZvq GLywb X¨viv c‡o hv‡e| AviI †QvUKv‡j hLb Avgiv evsjv B¯‹z‡j coZvg, ZLb †m wQj

mK‡ji wgw¯Î| Zvi eB‡qi _wji g‡a¨ me©`vB gRyZ _vKZ GKUv nvgvbw`¯Zvi WuvwU, GKUv

biyY, GKUv fvOv Qzwi, dy‡Uv Kievi GKUv cy‡iv‡bv Zyicy‡bi djv, GKUv †Nvovi bvj| Kx Rvwb

†Kv_v †_‡K †m Gme msMÖn K‡iwQj, wKš—y G w`‡q Ki‡Z cviZ bv †m Ggb KvR †bB| B¯‹zj-

my× mK‡ji fvOv QvwZ mviv‡bv, †k−‡Ui †d«g AuvUv, †Lj‡Z wM‡q wQu‡o †M‡j ZLwb Rvgv-Kvco

†mjvB K‡i †Ìqv Ggb KZ wK| †Kv‡bv Kv‡R KL‡bv bv ejZ bv| Avi KiZI PgrKvi|

GKevi ÔQUÕ ci‡ei w`‡b K‡qK cqmvi iwOb KvMR Avi †kvjv wK‡b wK GKUv bZyb ˆZwi K‡i

†m M½vi Nv‡U e‡m cÖvq AvovB UvKvi †Ljbv wewµ K‡i †dj‡j| Zvi †_‡K Avgv‡ì †cUf‡i

wP‡bev`vg fvRv LvB‡q w`‡j|

eQ‡ii ci eQi hvq, mK‡j eo n‡q DVjvg| wRgbvw÷‡Ki AvLovq jvjyi mgK¶ †KD wQj bv|

Zvi Mv‡q †Rvi wQj †hgb AmvaviY, mvnm wQj †Zgwb Acwimxg| fq Kv‡i Kq †m †eva Kwi

RvbZ bv| mK‡ji Wv‡KB †m cÖ ‘Z, mevi wec‡`B †m mK‡ji Av‡M G‡m Dcw¯’Z| †Kej Zvi

GKUv gvivZ¥K †`vl wQj, KvD‡K fq †`Lvevi my‡hvM †c‡j †m wKQz‡Z wb‡R‡K mvgjv‡Z cviZ

bv| G‡Z †Q‡j ey‡ov ¸iyRb mevB Zvi Kv‡Q mgvb| Avgiv †KD †f‡e †cZvg bv, fq †`Lvevi

Ggb me A™¢yZ dw›` Zvi gv_vq GK wbwg‡lB †Kv_v †_‡K Av‡m! `y-GKUv NUbv ewj|

cvovi g‡bvni PvUz‡¾i evwo Kvjxc~‡Rv| ycyi-iv‡Z ewji ¶Y e‡q hvq, wKš—y Kvgvi

Abycw¯’Z| †jvK QzUj a‡i Avb‡Z, wKš—y wM‡q †`‡L †m †c‡Ui e¨_vq A‡PZb| wd‡i G‡m

msev` w`‡Z mevB gv_vq nvZ w`‡q emj, Dcvq! GZ iv‡Z NvZK wgj‡e †Kv_vq? †èxi c~‡Rv

cÊ n‡q hvq †h! †K GKRb ej‡j, cuvVv KvU‡Z cv‡i jvjy| Ggb A‡bK †m †K‡U‡Q| †jvK

†`Šoj Zvi Kv‡Q| jvjy Nyg †f‡O D‡V emj, ejjÑ bv|

bv Kx †Mv? †èxi c~‡Rvq e¨vNvZ NU‡j me©bvk n‡e †h!

jvjy ej‡j, nq †nvK †M| †QvU‡ejvq I-KvR K‡iwQ, wKš—y GLb Avi Kie bv|

hviv WvK‡Z G‡mwQj Zviv gv_v KyU‡Z jvMj, Avi `k-c‡b‡iv wgwbU gvÎ mgq, Zvi c‡i me

bó, me †kl| ZLb gnvKvjxi †Kv‡c †KD euvP‡e bv| jvjyi evev G‡m Av‡`k w`‡jb †h‡Z|

ej‡jb, Iuiv wbiƒcvq n‡qB G‡m‡Qb,Ñbv †M‡j Ab¨vq n‡e| Zywg hvI|

10 jvjy

†m Av‡`k Agvb¨ Kivi mva¨ jvjyi †bB|jvjy‡K †`‡L PvUz‡¾ gkv‡qi fvebv NyPj| mgq †bB,

ÑZvovZvwo cuvVv DrmwM©Z n‡q Kcv‡j wmu`yi, Mjvq Revi gvjv c‡i nvwoKv‡V co‡jv,

evwomy× mK‡ji ÔgvÕ ÔgvÕ i‡ei cÖPÊ wPrKv‡i wbiƒcvq wbixn Rx‡ei †kl AvZ©KÉ †Kv_vq

Wz‡e †Mj, jvjyi nv‡Z Luvov wbwg‡l E‡aŸ©vwÌZ n‡qB m‡Rv‡i bvgj, Zvi c‡i ewji wQbœKÉ

†_‡K i‡³i †dvqviv Kv‡jv gvwU ivOv K‡i w`‡j| jvjy ¶YKvj †PvL ey‡R iBj| µgk XvK

†Xvj Kuvwmi mswgkª‡Y ewji weivU evRbv †_‡g Gj| †h cvuVvUv A` �‡i ùvwo‡q KuvcwQj Avevi

Zvi Kcv‡j Poj wmu`yi, Mjvq `yj‡jv ivOv gvjv, Avevi †mB nvwoKvV, †mB fq¼i Awš—g

Av‡e`b, †mB eûK‡Éi mw¤§wjZ ÔgvÕ ÔgvÕ aŸwb|Avevi jvjyi i³gvLv Luvov Dc‡i D‡V

P‡¶i cj‡K wb‡P †b‡g GjÑ cïi wØLwÊZ †`nUv f �wgZ‡j evi-K‡qK nvZ-cv AvQ‡o wK

Rvwb Kv‡K †kl bvwjk Rvwb‡q w¯’i n‡jv; Zvi KvUv-Mjvi i³aviv ivOvgvwU AviI LvwbKUv

ivwO‡q w`‡j|

Xywjiv Db¥v‡ì g‡Zv †Xvj evRv‡PQ| DVv‡b wfo K‡i ùvwo‡q eû †jv‡Ki eû cÖKv‡ii †Kvjvnj;

m¤§y‡Li eviv›`vq Kv‡c©‡Ui Avm‡b e‡m g‡bvni PvUy‡¾ gyw`ªZ †b‡Î Bóbvg R‡c iZ, AKm¥vr

jvjy fq¼i GKUv û¼vi w`‡q DVj| mvov-kã †Mj †_‡gÑmevB wem¥‡q ¯�äÑG Avi Kx! jvjyi

Am¤¢e we‡ùvwiZ †Pv‡Li Zviv `y‡Uv †hb Nyi‡Q, †PuwP‡q ej‡j, Avi cuvVv ˆK?

evwoi †K GKRb f‡q f‡q Reve w`‡j, Avi Z cuvVv †bB| Avgv‡ì ïay `y‡Uv K‡iB ewj nq|

jvjy Zvi nv‡Zi i³gvLv LuvovUv gv_vi Dc‡i evi-`yB Nywi‡q fxlY KK©kK‡É MR©b K‡i DVjÑ

†bB cuvVv? †m n‡e bv| Avgvi Lyb †P‡c †M‡QÑ `vI cuvVv, bB‡j AvR Avwg hv‡K cve a‡i biewj

†èÑ ÔgvÕ ÔgvÕÑRq-Kvjx! e‡jB GKUv g¯� jvd w`‡q †m nvwoKv‡Vi Gw`K †_‡K Iw`K wM‡q

coj| Zvi nv‡Zi Luvov ZLb ebeb K‡i Nyi‡P| ZLb †h KvÊ NUj fvlvq eY©bv Kiv hvq bv|

mevB GKm‡½ QyUj mì ìRvi w`‡K, cv‡Q jvjy a‡i †d‡j| cvjvevi †Póvq welg †Vjv‡Vwj|

û‡ovgywo‡Z †mLv‡b †hb `¶hÁ e¨vcvi †e‡a †Mj| †KD c‡o‡Q Mwo‡q, †KD nvgv¸wo w`‡q,

KviI cv‡qi duv‡Ki g‡a¨ gv_v Mwj‡q †e‡ivevi †Póv Ki‡Q, KviI Mjv KviI eM‡ji Pv‡ci

g‡a¨ c‡o `g AvUKvevi g‡Zv n‡q‡Q, GKRb Avi GKR‡bi Nv‡oi Dci w`‡q cvjvevi †Póvq

wf‡oi g‡a¨ gyL _ye‡o c‡o‡QÑ wKš� y Gme gvÎ gyn �‡Z©i Rb¨| Zvi c‡iB mg¯� duvKv|

jvjy M‡R© DVjÑ g‡bvni PvUy‡¾ ˆK? cyiyZ †Mj †Kv_vq?

Avb›`cvV 11

cyiyZ †ivMv †jvK, †m MÊ‡Mv‡ji my‡hv‡M Av‡MB wM‡q jywK‡q‡Q cÖwZgvi Avov‡j | ¸iy‡è Kykvm‡b

e‡m PÊxcvV KiwQ‡jb, ZvovZvwo D‡V VvKzi `vjv‡bi GKUv †gvUv _v‡gi wcQ‡b Mv-XvKv

w`‡q‡Qb| wKš—y, wecyjvqZb †`n wb‡q g‡bvn‡ii c‡¶ QyUvQywU Kiv KwVb| jvjy GwM‡q wM‡q euv

nv‡Z Zuvi GKUv nvZ †P‡c ai‡j, ej‡j, P‡jv nvwoKv‡V wM‡q Mjv †`‡e|

G‡K Zvi eRªgywó, Zv‡Z Wvb nv‡Z Luvov, f‡q PvUy‡¾i cÖvY D‡o †Mj| Kuv‡`v-Kuv‡`v Mjvq

wgbwZ Ki‡Z jvM‡jb, jvjy! evev! w¯’i n‡q †P‡q †`LÑ Avwg cuvVv bB, gvbyl| Avwg m¤c‡K©

†Zvgvi R¨vVvgkvB nB evev, †Zvgvi evev Avgvi †QvUfvB‡qi g‡Zv|

†m Rvwb‡b| Avgvi Lyb †P‡c‡QÑ P‡jv †Zvgv‡K ewj †è! gv‡qi Av‡`k!

PvUy‡¾ WyK‡i †Ku‡` DV‡jbÑ bv evev, gv‡qi Av‡`k bq, KL&L‡bv bqÑgv †h RM¾bbx|

jvjy ej‡jÑRM¾bbx ! †m Ávb Av‡Q †Zvgvi ? Avi †`‡e cuvVv-ewj ? †W‡K cvVv‡e Avgv‡K cuvVv

KvU‡Z ? e‡jv|

PvUy‡¾ Kuv`‡Z Kuv`‡Z ej‡jb, †Kv‡bvw`b bq evev, Avi †Kv‡bvw`b bq, gv‡qi mygy‡L wZb mwZ¨

KiwP, AvR †_‡K Avgvi evwo‡Z ewj eÜ|

wVK Z ?

wVK evev wVK| Avi KL‡bv bv| Avgvi nvZUv †Q‡o `vI evev, GKevi cvqLvbvq hve|

jvjy nvZ †Q‡o w`‡q ej‡jÑ AvPQv hvI, †Zvgv‡K †Q‡o w`jvg| wKš—y cyiyZ cvjvj †Kv_v w`‡q ?

¸iy‡è? †m ˆK? GB e‡j †m cybð GKUv û¼vi w`‡q jvd †g‡i VvKzi `vjv‡bi w`‡K AMªmi

n‡ZB cÖwZgvi wcQb I _v‡gi Avovj n‡Z `yB wewfbœ Mjvi fqvZ© µ›`b DVj| miy I †gvUvq

wgwj‡q †m kã Ggb A™¢yZ I nvm¨Ki †h, jvjy wb‡R‡K Avi mvgjv‡Z cvi‡j bv| nvt nvt nvt

K‡i †n‡m D‡V `yg K‡i gvwU‡Z LuvovUv †d‡j w`‡q GK †`Š‡o evwo †Q‡o cvjvj|

ZLb KviI eyS‡Z evwK iBj bv LybPvcv-Uvcv me wg‡_¨, me Zvi PvjvwK| jvjy kqZvwb K‡i

GZ¶Y mevB‡K fq †`LvwPQj| wgwbU-cuv‡P‡Ki g‡a¨ †h †hLv‡b cvwj‡qwQj wd‡i G‡m RyUj|

VvKz‡ii c~‡Rv ZL‡bv evwK, Zv‡Z h‡_ó weNœ N‡U‡Q Ges gnv ˆn‰P Kji‡ei g‡a¨ PvUy‡¾ gkvB

mK‡ji m¤§y‡L evievi cÖwZÁv Ki‡Z jvM‡jbÑ H e¾vZ †QuvovUv‡K hw` bv Kvj mKv‡jB Ii

evc‡K w`‡q cÂvk Nv Ry‡Zv LvIqvB Z Avgvi bvgB g‡bvni PvUy‡¾ bq|

12 jvjy

wKš—y Ry‡Zv Zv‡K †L‡Z nqwb| †fv‡i D‡VB †m †h †Kv_vq cvjvj, mvZ-AvUw`b †KD Zvi †LvuR

†cj bv| w`b-mv‡ZK c‡i GKw`b AÜKv‡i jywK‡q g‡bvni PvUy‡¾i evwo‡Z Xy‡K Zuvi ¶gv Ges

cv‡qi ay‡jv wb‡q †m-hvÎv ev‡ci †µva †_‡K wb¯�vi †c‡j| wKš—y †m hvB †nvK, †èZvi mvg‡b

mZ¨ K‡iwQ‡jb e‡j PvUy‡¾ evwoi Kvjxc~‡Rvq ZLb †_‡K cuvVvewj D‡V †Mj|

†jLK-cwiwPwZ

fvi‡Zi cwðge½ iv‡Rï ûMwj †Rjvi †èvb›`cyi Mªv‡g kirP› ª P‡Ævcva¨vq 15B †m‡Þ¤¦i

1876 mv‡j Rb¥MªnY K‡ib| Avw_©K msK‡Ui Kvi‡Y gvÎ Gd. G. †kªwY‡Z covi mgq Zvi

QvÎRxe‡bi cwimgvwß N‡U| wZwb wKQyw`b feNy‡i n‡q wewfbœ RvqMv ågY K‡ib| c‡i 1903

mv‡j fv‡Mï A‡š^l‡Y evg©v (eZ©gv‡b gvqvbgvi) hvb| †i½y‡b (evg©vi ivRavbx) A¨vKvD›U¨v›U

†Rbv‡i‡ji Awd‡m wZwb †Kivwbi PvKwi †bb| †mLvb †_‡KB Zuvi mvwnZ¨mvabv ïiy| AwZ

Aíw`‡bB wZwb L¨vwZjvf K‡ib| 1916 mv‡j wZwb KjKvZvq wd‡i Av‡mb| wZwb 1923 mv‡j

KjKvZv wek¦we`¨vj‡qi RMËvwiYx c`K Ges 1936 mv‡j XvKv wek¦we`¨vjq †_‡K wW.wjU. Dcvwa

jvf K‡ib| Mí, Dcb¨vm †jLvi cvkvcvwk wZwb wKQy cÖeÜ wj‡Lb| wZwb evsjv K_vmvwn‡Z¨ `yj©f

RbwcÖqZvi AwaKvix| Zuvi D‡j−L‡hvM¨ Mªš’: Ôeow`w`Õ, ÔweivR‡eŠÕ, Ôiv‡gi mygwZÕ, Ô†è`vmÕ,

Ôwe›`yi †Q‡jÕ, ÔcwÊZ gkvBÕ, Ônwij²xÕ, ÔPwiÎnxbÕ, Ôc‡_i `vexÕ, ÔkªxKvš—Õ, ÔM„n`vnÕ, Ô†`bv

cvIbvÕ BZ¨vw`|

kirP› ª 16B Rvbyqvwi 1938 mv‡j g„ZyëiY K‡ib|

mvi-ms‡¶c

GK Mªv‡g jvjy bv‡g evjK wQj| AZ¨š— mv`vwm‡a cÖK…wZi GB evjKwU Mªv‡gi mevi wcÖq wQj|

KviY mKj‡K mvnvh¨ Kiv wQj Zvi GKgvÎ KvR| mK‡ji †QvULv‡Uv wRwbm bó n‡j, †f‡O

†M‡j mvwi‡q w`‡Z †m wQj cUy| cov‡jLv Zvi Lye †ewk fv‡jv jvMZ bv| ZvB GKw`b gv‡qi KvQ

†_‡K 10 UvKv wb‡q wVKv`vwi Kv‡R †j‡M †Mj| Zvi GKUv fqvbK e` Af¨vm wQjÑmy‡hvM †c‡j

†jvK‡ì fq †`Lv‡bv| GKevi Mªv‡g g‡bvni PvUy‡¾i evwo‡Z Kvwjc�Rv| wKš—y †h †jvK ewj

†`‡e †m fqvbK Amy¯’| GLb mgm¨vÑ†K cuvVv ewj †`‡e? mevB jvjyi bvg cÖ¯�ve Kij| jvjy‡K

Avbv n‡jv| jvjy ci ci `ywU cuvVv ewj w`j| G my‡hv‡M †m mKj‡K fq †`Lvevi D‡Ï‡k¨ wPrKvi

Avb›`cvV 13

K‡i e‡j DVj ÔKB cuvVv, AviI cvVv Avb, bv n‡j Avwg mevB‡K biewj †èÕ| Avgvi gv_vq Lyb

†P‡c‡Q| me ‡jvK û‡ovûwo K‡i cvwj‡q †Mj| †m GKjv‡d wM‡q g‡bvni PvUy‡¾‡K a‡i G‡b

Kvwjg~wZ©i mvg‡b kc_ Kwi‡q Qvoj †hb Avi cuvVvewj †`qv bv nq|

kãv_©

Zvgvkv Ñ gRv Kiv; †KŠZyK Kiv; cwinvm; gkKiv| wgw � Ñ KvwiMi; hš¿wkíx| nvgvbw`¯Ív Ñ

nvZ w`‡q KwVb `ªe¨vw` P �Y© Kivi Dc‡hvMx †jŠncvÎ I †jŠn`Ê| biyY Ñ bL KvUvi A¯¿|

Zyicy‡bi djv Ñ Kvôvw` wQ ª Kivi hš¿ we‡kl| mgK¶ Ñ mgvb cÖwZ‡hvMx; mg ejkvjx| dw›`

Ñ duv`; PvZyix; cÖZviYv; Qj| Lvuov Ñ LoM; LvÊv; Zievwi| †dvqviv Ñ cÖmªeY; Sb©v| nvwoKvV Ñ

GKcÖKvi Kvôwbwg©Z duv` hv‡Z cï ewj †Ìqv nq, h�cKvô| cyiyZ Ñ cy‡ivwnZ; wn›`ymgv‡R

M„n‡¯’i Kj¨v‡Yi Rb¨ †h hvRK †èvP©bvw` K‡ib|

Abykxjbx

eûwbe©vPwb cÖkœ

1. jvjy KZ UvKv cyuwR wb‡q wVKv`vwi ïiy Kij ?

K. `k L. wek

M. wÎk N. cÂvk

2| Ôw¯_i n‡q †P‡q †`L- Avwg cvuVv bB, gvbylÕÑ g‡bvni PvUz‡¾ G Dw³ K‡ibÑ

i. g„Zz i f‡q

ii. DrmwM©Z nevi f‡q

iii. cwiPq †`qvi R‡b¨


K. i. L. i I ii

M. ii N. iii

14 jvjy

wb‡Pi Aby‡PQ`wU co Ges 3-4 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI|


KiwQ, AvR †_‡K Avgvi evwo‡Z ewj eÜ |

3. PvUy‡¾ Kuv`‡Z Kuv`‡Z Kv‡K K_v¸‡jv e‡jwQ‡jb ?

K. cy‡ivwnZ‡K L. jvjy‡K

M. R¨vVvgkvB‡K N. jvjyi evev‡K

4. Dwj −wLZ Ôgv‡qi mgy‡L wZb mwZ¨ KiwQÕÑ Gi A_© Kx ?

K. cªwZÁv Kiv L. `„pfv‡e cÖwZÁv Kiv

M. wZbevi mwZ¨ ejv N. gv‡K mZ¨ ejv

m„Rbkxj cÖkœ

1. Aby‡PQ`wU co Ges wb‡Pi cÖkœ¸‡jv DËi `vI

†m Rvwb‡b| Avgvi Lyb †P‡c‡QÑP‡jv †Zvgv‡K ewj †`e ! gv‡qi Av‡`k ! PvUz‡¾ WzK‡i †Ku‡`

DV‡jb Ñ bv evev, gv‡qi Av‡`k bq, KL‡bv bq, gv †h RM¾bbx| jvjy ej‡jÑ RM¾bbx ! †m

Ávb Av‡Q †Zvgvi? Avi †`‡e cvuVv ewj ? †W‡K cvVv‡e Avgv‡K cuvVv KvU‡Z ? e‡jv|


KiwQ, AvR †_‡K Avgvi evwo‡Z ewj eÜ|

K. PvUy‡¾ WzK‡i †Ku‡` DV‡jb †Kb?

L. Ô†m Ávb Av‡Q †Zvgvi?Õ GLv‡b Kx Áv‡bi K_v n‡q‡Q ?

M. D×„Z AskUzKz mvayfvlvq iƒcvš—i Ki|

N. gv‡K ÔRM¾bbxÕ e‡j AvL¨vwqZ Kivi Zvrch© we‡k−lY Ki|

Avb›`cvV 15

¸iyPÊvjx wkeivg PµeZ©x

mxZvbv_evey wQ‡jb †m‡KÊ cwÊZ, evsjv cov‡Zb| fvlvi w`‡K Zuvi `„wó GKUzI fvmv-fvmv wQj

bvÑwQj †ek cÖLi| †Q‡j‡ì †jLvi g‡a¨ ¸iyPÊvjx wZwb †gv‡UB mB‡Z cvi‡Zb bv|

mßv‡ni GKUv NÈv wQj †Q‡j‡ì iPbvi R‡b¨ euvav| †Q‡jiv evwo †_‡K iPbv wj‡L AvbZÑ

G‡KK mg‡q K¬v‡m e‡mI wjLZ| mxZvbv_evey †mBme iPbv co‡Zb, c‡o-c‡o Av¸b n‡Zb|

QvÎ‡ì †mB iPbv cix¶v Kiv, mxZvi AwMœcix¶vi g‡ZvB GKUv DËß e¨vcvi wQj mxZvbv_eveyi

Kv‡Q| †hgb Zuvi †Zgwb Avgv‡ìI| GZ K‡i e‡KS‡KI ¸iyPÊvjx †`vl †h Kv‡K e‡j QvÎ‡ì

wZwb Zv eywS‡q DV‡Z cv‡ibwbÑD³ †`vlgy³ Kiv †Zv `�‡i _vK|

†mw`bI wZwb K¬vmmy× †Q‡ji iPbv LvZvq †PvL eywj‡q hvw”Q‡jb| †`L‡Z-†`L‡Z Zuvi †PvL

jvj n‡q DVj, nv‡Zi `y-iOv †cbwm‡ji jvj w`KUv NmNm K‡i Pj‡Z jvMj LvZvi IciÑ

iPbvi jvBb¸‡jv dmdm K‡i jvj `v‡M †K‡U-†K‡U wZwb Aw¯’i n‡q co‡jb| Gi †P‡q

†Q‡j‡ì Pvey‡K jvj Kiv †hb †mvRv A‡bKÑwQj †Xi Aviv‡giÑAvi Zv Ki‡Z cvi‡j †hb

Mv‡qi Svj wgUZ Zuvi| LvZv¸‡jv cv‡k mwi‡q †i‡L wZwb ej‡jbÑÔG Avi Kx †`Le ! Lvwj

¸iyPÊvjx| KZevi K‡i e‡jwQ, nq mvayfvlvq †j‡Lv, bq‡Zv K_¨fvlvq| †hUv‡ZB †j‡Lv Zv wVK

n‡e| wKš� y GKiK‡gi nIqv PvB| mvayfvlvq Avi K_¨fvlvq wgwk‡q wLPzwo cvKv‡bv Pj‡e bv|

bv, wKQy‡ZB bv| wKš� y GL‡bv †`LwQ †mB wLPzwoÑ†mB RMvwLPywo|Õ

M‡Yk ej‡jÑÔAvwg mvayfvlvq wj‡LwQ m¨vi|Õ

Ômvayfvlvq wj‡LQ ? GB †Zvgvi mvay mvayfvlv?Õ mxZvbv_evey Mv`vi †fZi †_‡K Zvi LvZvUv

DrLvZ K‡ibÑÔKx n‡q‡Q G ? Ô`y»‡dbwbf kh¨vq †m acvm Kwiqv ewmqv cwojÕ ?Õ

Ô`y»‡dbwb‡fi m‡½ÑÔ†Kb m¨vi, ÔKwiqvÕ †Zv w`‡qwQ Avwg| Kwiqv wK mvayfvlv nqwb m¨vi ?Õ

ÔwKš� y acvm ? acvm Kx fvlv ? `y»‡dbwb‡fi c‡iB GB acvm ?Õ

M‡Yk Gevi †dbwb‡fi g‡ZvB wb‡f hvq, Uzu kãwU Ki‡Z cv‡i bv|

ÔKZevi e‡jwQ †Zvgv‡ì †h, fvlvq wLPzwo cvwK‡qv bv| nq mvayfvlvq bq K_¨fvlvqÑ †hUvq nq

GKUv‡Z †j‡Lv| wKš� y †`‡Lv, AvMv‡Mvov †hb GKiK‡gi nq|ÑM‡Y‡ki GB evK¨wU‡Z †Zvgv‡ì

g‡a¨ wbLuyZ K‡i ej‡Z cv‡iv †KD?Õ

Ôcvwi m¨vi|Õ gvbm D‡V ùvovj| wKš� y ùvwo‡qB gv_v Pyj‡Kv‡Z jvMj †m| acvm-Gi mvayfvlv Kx

n‡e Zvi Rvbv †bB| LvwbK gv_v Pzj‡K AvgZv-AvgZv K‡i †m wb‡RI acvm K‡i e‡m coj|

Zvi gvb‡m †h Kx wQj Zv Rvbv †Mj bv| mwir D‡V ejj, ÔwK‡m eje m¨vi? K_¨ fvlvq, bv

AK_¨ fvlvq?

Ôhv‡Z †Zvgvi cÖvY Pvq|Õ

Ô`y»‡dbwbf kh¨vq Av‡qm K‡i emj|Õ

Ô`y»‡dbwb‡fi m‡½ Av‡qm ?Õ mxZvbv_ eveyi gyLLvbvÑD‡PQi cv‡qm †L‡j †hgb nq †Zgwbaviv

n‡q D‡V : ÔI‡n evcy! ¸iyPÊvjx Kv‡K e‡j Zv wK †Zvgv‡ì gM‡R Xz‡K‡Q ? g‡b K‡iv †h, †h-

¸i“PÊvjx 17

PuvovjUv Avgv‡ì GB ¯‹z‡j SuvU †`q, †m hw` †nWgv÷vi gkv‡qi m‡½ GKvm‡b e‡m, Zvn‡j

†mUv †`L‡Z †Kgb jv‡M ? †mUv †hgb `„wóKUz †`Lv‡e, KZK¸wj mvay-k‡ãi g‡a¨ GKUv

Amvay-kã XzK‡j wVK †mBiKg Lvivc †`Lvq, ZvB bv? mvayfvlvi kã †h K_¨fvlvi k‡ãi m‡½

GK cO&w³‡Z em‡Z cv‡i bv, †mB K_vB Avevi Ab¨vb¨ mvay-k‡ãi m‡½ wgk †L‡q †ek gvwb‡q

†h‡Z cv‡i| †hgb D`vniY¯îƒcÑÕ

Ôeje m¨vi ? GZ¶‡Y Avwg eyS‡Z †c‡iwQ|Õ e‡j I‡V M‡Yk : Ô y»‡dbwbf kh¨vq Avqvm-

mnKv‡i ewmj| wK¤^v Dc‡ekb Kwij|Ñ n‡q‡Q m¨vi Gevi?Õ

ÔwKsev AviI †ewk mvayZv K‡i Avgiv ej‡Z cvwiÑÕ wbiÄb D‡V ùvovq : ÔAvmb MÖnY Kwij| wKsev Avmb cwiMÖn Kwij|Õ

`xcK e‡j, Ômgvmxb nBjÕI ejv hvq|

ÔAvevi ZzB Gi g‡a¨ mgvm G‡b †XvKvwPQm?Õ M‡Yk Zvi Kv‡bi †Mvovq wdmwdm K‡i, ÔG‡ZB

†Ku‡` K‚j

cvB‡b, Gi Ici †di mgvm ?Õ

Ô†hgb D`vniY¯îƒcÑÕ mxZvbv_evey ej‡Z _v‡Kb... wKš—y Zuvi ejvi gvSLv‡bB wcwiq‡Wi NÈv

†e‡R hvq| D`vniY¯îƒc cÖKv‡ki Av‡MB Zuv‡K K¬vm †Q‡o †h‡Z nq|

wb‡Ri e³e¨ Av‡iK w`‡bi R‡b¨ †i‡L mg¯� cÖkœUvB Avg�j g�jZwe K‡i hvb|

w`bK‡qK c‡i M‡Yk †ikb Avb‡Z wM‡q †`Lj †h, †m‡KÊ cwÊZ gkvBI †mB miKvwi †`vKv‡b

G‡m‡Qb| j¤^v jvB‡bi duv‡K mxZvbv_eveyI ùvwo‡q| †mB wKD‡qi †fZi gnj−vi

Svo~ viÑwbðqB †mLv‡b PÊvj-†hgb i‡q‡Q, †Zgwb Av‡Q cvovi ¸Êviv| ZvivI wKQy mvay bq|

¸iyZi †jvK| Zv‡ì cÖPÊvjB ejv hvq eis| cÖPÊ Zv‡ì `vcU| cvovi mvi Ges AmviÑmevB

GK mv‡ii g‡a¨ Lvov| G‡Kev‡i mgvb mgvb| ixwZg‡ZvB ¸iyPÊvjx| mxZvbv_evey wQ‡jb mvwii

gvSvgvwS| M‡Yk A‡bK c‡i G‡m †k‡li w`‡K uvovj| uvwo‡q uvwo‡q †`L‡Z jvMj

mxZvbv_evey‡K| PÊvj‡ì g‡a¨ ¸iy‡è-e¨vKiY weiy× GB AfvweZ wgjb`„k¨ †`‡L †m AevK

n‡jv| mwZ¨ ej‡Z †m-`„k¨ AevK n‡q †`Levi g‡ZvB|

18 Avb›` cvV

mxZvbv_eveyi „wó †Kv‡bvw`‡K wQj bv| ARM‡ii g‡Zv weivU jvBb †hb KPQ‡ci MwZ‡Z GK-

cv- GK-cv K‡i G¸‡PQ| KZ¶‡Y †ikb wb‡q wZwb evwo wdi‡eb, nuvwo Pwo‡q Pvb †m‡i

bv‡K-gy‡L `ywU Muy‡R cvwo †`‡eb ¯‹z‡j, †mB fvebv‡ZB mg¯� gb c‡owQj Zuvi|

mnmv GK evjKmyjf Zx¶œKÉ Zuvi Kv‡b G‡m wcb †dvUvj| dzU‡ZB wZwb mPwKZ n‡q DV‡jbÑÔm¨vi, m¨vi ! e¨MÖ †nvb Kj¨|Õ Ôe¨MÖ †nvb Kj¨?Õ ïb‡Z †c‡jb wZwb| ï‡bB wZwb wcQb wd‡i ZvKv‡jb| †`L‡Z †c‡jb M‡Yk‡K| wKD‡qi †k‡l ùvwo‡q wPrKvi Qvo‡Q : Ôe¨MÖ †nvb Kj¨|Õ

Zvi gv‡b ? †Kb wZwb e¨MÖ n‡eb ? Avi nb hwèv †Zv Zv Kvj‡K †Kb ? e¨MÖ hw` n‡ZB nq †Zv AvR‡KB †Kb bq ? GB gyn �‡Z©B ev bq †Kb ? Avi, GB gyn �‡Z© e¨MÖ n‡qB ev Kx n‡e ? wKD‡qi jvBb †Zv Avi †Q‡j‡ì LvZvi jvBb bq †h †cbwm‡ji GK †LuvPvq du¨vk K‡i †K‡U GwM‡q hv‡eb! hZ ZvovB _vK, hZB e¨MÖ nb, Av‡Mi †jvK‡ì KvwU‡q G¸evi GKUzI Dcvq †bB GLv‡b| duvovi g‡ZvB AKvU¨ GB jvBb| duvwoi g‡ZvB fqven|

Ôm¨vi m¨viÑcybivq ! cybivq ! e¨MÖ †nvb Kj¨ ! e¨MÖ †nvb Kj¨!Õ Avevi †mB AvZ©bv`|

mxZvbv_eveyi B‡”Q K‡i G¶zwb wM‡q †ek GKUz e¨MÖfv‡eB M‡Y‡ki Kvb y‡Uv a‡i g‡j †`b AvPQv

K‡i| †ek K‡i g‡j w`‡q e‡jb, ÔGB gjjvg A`¨| †di gje Kj¨|Õ wKsev Zz‡j a‡i GK

AvQvo gv‡ib I‡K| wKš—y I‡K cvKovevi GB e¨MÖZv †`Lv‡Z wM‡q jvB‡bi RvqMv cv-Qvov

Kivi †Kv‡bv gv‡b nq bv|

Av‡¯�-Av‡¯� GwM‡q †`vKv‡bi †fZi †cuŠ‡Q †ik‡bi `vg w`‡Z wM‡q Zuvi †PvL Kcv‡ji Kvbvq

†VKj Ñ †hgb GKUz Av‡M Zuvi Kvb †PvLv n‡q D‡VwQj| `¨v‡Lb †h Zuvi c‡KU gviv †M‡Q|

c‡K‡Ui †hLv‡b UvKvi e¨vMUv _v‡K, †mLvbUv duvKv| e„_v nBPB bv K‡i wegy‡L wZwb †`vKvb

†_‡K †ewi‡q Av‡mb|

Ôm¨vi, ZLb Avwg Kx ejwQjvg ? Avwg AZ K‡i ejjvg, Zv Avcwb KvbB w`‡jb bv| Av‡`Š

KY©cvZB Ki‡jb bv !Õ M‡Yk A‡bKUv GwM‡q G‡m‡Q ZZ¶‡Y| †`vKv‡bi gy‡L †cuŠ‡Q gv÷v‡ii

m¤§y‡L c‡o‡Q| ÔKx e‡jwQ‡j Zzwg ? Zzwg †Zv Avgvq Kvj e¨MÖ n‡Z e‡jwQ‡j? Avi Gw`‡K Avgvi

AvR me©bvk n‡q †Mj!Õ

ÔKvj e¨MÖ n‡Z e‡jwQ ? †gv‡UB bv| Avwg e‡jwQjvg Avcbvi Ôe¨MÖ MÖnY KijÕ| Avcbvi c‡iB †h

†jvKUv ùvwo‡q wQj, †m nZfvMvB †cQb †_‡K Avcbvi c‡K‡U nvZ XzwK‡qÑÕ

¸i“PÊvjx 19

ÔZv, Ôc‡KU gvijÕ ej‡Z †Zvi Kx n‡qwQj †i nZgyL¨ ?Õ mxZvbv_eveyi mg¯� ivM GLb M‡Y‡ki

Ici wM‡q c‡o : Ô†mvRvmywR Zv ej‡j Kx n‡Zv? Zv‡Z wK gnvfviZ Aï× n‡Zv †Zvi? Ôc‡KU

gvi‡Q mviÕÑ ej‡Z Kx AvUKvwPQj †Zvgvi cvcgy‡L ?Õ

ÔwQ-wQ M‡Yk!Õ wb‡Ri wRf Kv‡UÑÔAgb K_v ej‡eb bv m¨vi! Ôc‡KU gvi‡QÕÑ†m K_v wK

Avcbvi mvg‡b DPPviY Ki‡Z cvwi ? c‡KU cÖnvi Ki‡Q ej‡jI †Zv ï× nq bv| Avi ejyb,

¸iygkv‡qi mvg‡b Agb PÊv‡ji gZb fvlv Kx ej‡Z Av‡QÑejv hvq Kx ? I K_v-Agb K_v

ej‡eb bv m¨vi| e¨MÖ MÖnY Kij e‡jwQÑRvwb †h, ZvI m¤c �Y© weï× nqwb, ¸iyPÊvjx GKUzLvwb

†hb i‡q †M‡Q; fvejvg, KZevi fvejvg, wKš—y Kx Kie, e¨v‡Mi mvayfvlv †h Kx Zv †Zv Avgvi

Rvbv †bB m¨vi| wKš—y wKQy‡ZB e¨v‡Mi ï×Uv gM‡R Gj bv| Gw`‡K fve‡Z-fve‡Z e¨vMmy×

wb‡q †m †h mUKvj !Õ

†jLK-cwiwPwZ

wkeivg PµeZ©x 1310 e½v‡ãi 27†k AMÖnvqY Rš§MÖnY K‡ib| Zuvi wcZvi bvg wkecÖmv`

PµeZ©x| wZwb gvj`‡ni wm‡×k¦ix BÝwUwUDk‡b cov‡jLv K‡ib| Zuvi †ckv wQj mvsevw`KZv|

wZwb M`¨, c`¨, Mí, Dcb¨vm, bvUK, cÖeÜ iPbv K‡ib| we‡kl K‡i wkï-wK‡kvi‡ì Rb¨

†jLvq wZwb wQ‡jb wm×n¯�| Zuvi †jLv D‡j−L¨‡hvM¨ eB : Ôevwo †_‡K cvwj‡qÕ, ÔCk¦i c„w_ex

fv‡jvevmvÕ, Ôfv‡jvevmv c„w_ex Ck¦iÕ I nvqvr gvgy m¤cvw`Z ÔwK‡kvi iPbv mgMÖÕ| wZwb 1387

e½v‡ãi 11B fv`ª (28†k AvM÷ 1980) g„ZzëiY K‡ib|

mvi-ms‡¶c

evsjvfvlvq mycwÊZ wQ‡jb mxZvbv_evey| evsjv iPbv †jLvi mgq wk¶v_©xiv ¸iyPÊvjx Ki‡j Zv

wZwb †gv‡UI mn¨ Ki‡Zb bv| wZwb cÖvYcY †Póv K‡iI ¸iyPÊvjx‡`vl Kx Zv QvÎ‡ì †evSv‡Z

cv‡ibwb| †h †Kv‡bv †jLvi mgq mvay I PwjZ fvlvi wgkÖY †h ¸iyPÊvjx Zv wZwb QvÎ‡ì evievi

ej‡Zb Ges †mwU bv Kivi Rb¨ ZvwM` w`‡Zb| †Kv_vI GZUyKy ÎywU †c‡jB wZwb eKvSKv

Ki‡Zb| d‡j Zviv f‡q f‡q _vK‡Zv| cviZc‡¶ Zvi av‡i Kv‡Q AvmZ bv|

20 Avb›` cvV

GKw`b M‡Yk bv‡gi GKRb QvÎ miKvwi †ik‡bi †`vKv‡b G‡m †`L‡jv GK j¤^v jvB‡b ùvwo‡q

Av‡Qb mxZvbv_evey| †m †`L‡jv †h GK c‡KUgvi m¨v‡ii c‡KU †g‡i wb‡PQ| M‡Yk wPrKvi K‡i

mvayfvlvq e‡j I‡V Ôm¨vi m¨vi ! e¨MÖ †nvb Kj¨ ! e¨MÖ †nvb Kj¨|Õ fvlv ï× bv-nIqvq cwÊZ

gkvB †Kv‡bvwKQy eyS‡Z cv‡ibwb| hLb wZwb †ik‡bi †`vKv‡b wej cwi‡kva Ki‡Z †M‡jb ZLb

†`L‡jb †h Zvi c‡KU gvi wM‡q‡Q| ZLb M‡Yk G‡m ej‡jv, Ôm¨vi ZLb Avwg Avcbv‡K e‡jwQ

†h e¨Mª †nvb Kj¨|Õ m¨vi ej‡jb ÔAv‡i Mvav, ZyB †mvRvmywR ej‡j Kx Avi Avgvi c‡KU gvi

hvq|Õ

kãv_© I UxKv

¸iyPÊvjxÑ mvayfvlvi m‡½ K_¨fvlvi eënvii~c †`vl; ms¯‹…Z k‡ãi m‡½ †`kR k‡ãi wgkª‡Yi

Am½wZ| `y»‡dbwbfÑ `y‡ai †dbvi g‡Zv mv`v I †Kvgj| Av‡qmÑ Avivg; wejvm; myL‡fvM|

Dc‡ekb ÑAvmb MÖnY; emv| cwiMÖnÑ we‡klfv‡e MÖnY; aviY| mgvmxbÑDcweó; Avi~p|

gyjZweÑGKwU wbw ©ó mgq ch©šÍ ¯’wMZ; Ab¨ mg‡qi Rb¨ †i‡L †Ìqv| Kj¨ Ñ Kvj;

AvMvgxKvj| Puvovj Ñ cyiv‡Yv³ wn› yRvwZ we‡kl; PÊvj| e¨MÖ Ñ e¨vKzj; e¨¯�; AvKzj|

Abykxjbx

eûwbe©vPwb cÖkœ

1. Ô¸iyPÊvjxÕ Kv‡K e‡j ?

K. PwjZ I AvÂwjKZvi wgkªY‡K L. mvay I AvÂwjKZvi wgkªY‡K

M. mvay I K_¨ ixwZi wgkªY‡K N. cÖvPxb I AvaywbKZvi wgkªY‡K

2. ¸iyPÊvjx M‡í wKQ~ kã eënvi Kiv n‡q‡QÑ

i. y»‡dbwbf, Av‡qm, Dc‡ekb

ii. cwiMÖn, mgvmxb, gyjZwe

iii. Avqvmmva¨, cwiMÖn, Dc‡ekb

¸i“PÊvjx 21

3. †Kvb ¸PQ M‡í e¨eüZ kã bq ?

K. i. L. i I ii

M. iii N. ii I iii

wb‡Pi Aby‡PQ`wU co Ges 3 I 4 b¤¦i cÖkœ¸‡jvi DËi `vI|

m¨vi, ZLb Avwg Kx ejwQjvg ? Avwg AZ K‡i ejjvg, Zv Avcwb KvbB w`‡jb bv, Av‡`Š

KY©cvZB K‡ib bv ! M‡Yk A‡bKUv GwM‡q G‡m‡Q ZZ¶‡Y| †`vKv‡bi gy‡L †cuŠ‡Q gv÷v‡ii

m¤§y‡L c‡o‡Q| ÔKx e‡jwQ‡j Zywg ? Zywg †Zv Avgvq Kvj e¨MÖ n‡Z e‡jwQ‡j? Avi Gw`‡K Avgvi

AvR me©bvk n‡q †Mj|Õ

3. DÏxcKwU †Zvgvi cwVZ †Kvb Mí †_‡K †bqv n‡q‡Q?

K. iyPÊvjx L. jvjy

M. †ZvZvKvwnbx N. Av`yfvB

4. DÏxcKwU‡Z M‡Y‡ki Kx ai‡bi cwiPq dz‡U D‡V‡Q ?

K. wbôziZv L. D`vmxbZv

M. g~L©Zv N. iwmKZv

5. m¨v‡ii me©bv‡ki KviY-

i. Zvi Am‡PZbZv

ii. fvlv eyS‡Z bv cviv

iii. M‡Y‡ki g~L©Zv

wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK

K. i L. ii M. i I ii N. iii

22 Avb›` cvV

m„Rbkxj cÖkœ

1. Aby‡”Q`wU co Ges wb‡Pi cÖkœ ‡jvi DËi `vI

`y»‡dbwb‡fi m‡½ Av‡qm ? mxZvbv_eveyi gyLLvbv D‡”Qi cv‡qm †L‡j †hgb nq †Zgwb aviv

n‡q D‡V ÔI‡n evcy ! ¸iyPÊvjx Kv‡K e‡j Zv Kx †Zvgv‡ì gM‡R Xz‡K‡Q ? g‡b Ki †h, †h

PuvovjUv Avgv‡ì G ¯‹z‡j SuvU †`q †m hw` †nWgv÷vi gkv‡qi m‡½ GKvm‡b e‡m, Zvn‡j †mUv

†`L‡Z †Kgb jv‡M ? †Zgwb †mUv †hgb `„wóKUy †`Lv‡e, KZ¸‡jv mvay-k‡ãi g‡a¨ GKUv Amvay

kã XzK‡j wVK †mBiKg Lvivc †`Lvq, ZvB bv ?Õ

K. `y»‡dbwbf k‡ãi A_© Kx ?

L. mvay I K_ïxwZ wgwk‡q †dj‡j Kx ai‡bi mgm¨v nq ?

M. GKwU iPbv‡K my›ì I AvKl©Yxq Kivi Rb¨ Kx Kiv cÖ‡qvRbÑ DÏxc‡Ki Av‡jv‡K

Dc¯’vcb Ki |

N. Ô¸iyPÊvjxÕ M‡íi Av‡jv‡K fvlv cÖ‡qv‡Mi †KŠkj we‡k −lY Ki|

¸i“PÊvjx 23

eyjy AwRZ Kzgvi ¸n

†mw`‡bi K_v Avgvi GL‡bv Lye g‡b c‡o| 1952 mv‡ji †deªyqvwi gv‡mi NUbv| XvKv †K›`ªxq KvivMv‡i wZbw`b _vKvi ciB Avgv‡ì K‡qKRb‡K e`wj Kiv n‡jv w`bvRcyi KvivMv‡i| †Zvgiv mevB Rv‡bv wKbv ej‡Z cvwi‡b, miKvwi Kg©Pvixi g‡Zv miKvwi K‡qwìI e`wj Av‡Q| XvKv †K› ªxq KvivMv‡i Avgv‡ì Ae¯’vbUv KZ©„c‡¶i †Kv‡bv ARvbv Kvi‡Y gbtc~Z bq, ZvB Avgv‡ì †h‡Z n‡e my`~i DËie‡½ w`bvRcy‡i|

ivZ bUvi mgq Mvwo‡Z †P‡cwQ| dzjQwo Nv‡U wM‡q hLb †b‡gwQ, ZLb †fvi nq nq| †Lqv cvivcv‡ii w÷gv‡i hLb D‡VwQ, ZLb Pviw`K AÜKv‡i A¯có †`Lv hv‡”Q| A‡bK ~‡i ~‡i †bŠKv¸‡jvi †fZi †_‡K †K‡ivwm‡bi evwZ R¡j‡Q| ïay hgybvi Kv‡jv R‡ji Dci †fv‡ii cÖ_g Avfv G‡m c‡o‡Q Avi wSKwgK K‡i DV‡Q| Qjvr Qjvr R‡ji kã †kvbv hvq| †fvi n‡ZB wKš—yy cU cwieZ©b n‡q †M‡jv| A‡bK¸‡jv cwiwPZ KÉ¯î ï‡bB ZvwK‡q †`wL, XvKv wek¦we`¨vj‡qi GK`j QvÎ GB w÷gv‡iB Av‡Q| wek¦we`¨vjq Awbw`©óKv‡ji R‡b¨ eÜ n‡q hvIqvq Iiv evwo wd‡i hv‡”Q| hwÌ Avgv‡ì m‡½ †Mv‡q›`v wefv‡Mi †jvK I cywj‡ki †jvK wQj, ZeyI Avgiv

†LvjvLywjB QvÎ‡ì mv‡_ Avjvc Kijvg, Avi GKm‡½ e‡m Pv-I †Ljvg| Zvici †Lqv cvi n‡q Avevi †ijMvwo‡Z †P‡c w`bvRcyi †÷k‡b G‡m †b‡gwQ|

gbUv Lye `‡g †Mj| †Kv_vq Avgvi wPicwiwPZ XvKv Avi †Kv_vq DËie‡½i GB cÖvšZmxgvi w`bvRcyi| Mvwo †_‡K bvg‡ZB †Ui †cjvg †h, wngvj‡qi KvQvKvwQ G‡mwQ| dvêyb gvm| †ejv cÖvq GMv‡ivUv, Zey †ek kxZ| GKUv Puvì Mv‡q Rwo‡q wbjvg| †WcywU-‡Rji Awd‡mB wQ‡jb| M¤¢xi ¯^‡i Avgv‡ì em‡Z ej‡jb| B‡Zvg‡a¨ Avgv‡ì Avmvi Lei †c‡q †Rji mv‡ne Qy‡U G‡jb| GK b¤î Iqv‡W© Avgv‡ì wb‡q †M‡jb| cwi”Qbœ GKwU evs‡jv Ni| mvg‡b GK dvwj D‡Vvb| gvSLv‡b GKwU evZvwe †jeyi MvQ, dz‡j dz‡j G‡Kev‡i †Q‡q Av‡Q; ARmª †gŠgvwQ G‡m R‡g‡Q Avi dvêy‡bi G‡jv‡g‡jv evZv‡m Pvwiw`‡K GKUv wgwó MÜ †f‡m †eov‡”Q| ïb‡Z †cjvg, Kwe KvRx bRiyj Bmjvg bvwK ew›` wn‡m‡e GB †R‡j †ek wKQyw`b wQ‡jb| H evZvwe †jey Mv‡Qi wb‡P †Pqvi-‡Uwej wb‡q e‡m bvwK Kwe wjL‡Zb| fve‡Z cvi, GB LeiUv †c‡q †Kgb jvM‡jv Avgvi?

gbUv Zey LyeB welYœ wQj| m¤c~Y© GKUv AwbwðZ fwel¨‡Zi Avk¼v g‡bi g‡a¨ fvwi n‡q Av‡Q| Avgiv wZbRb Aa¨vcK I ¯’vbxq GKRb DwKj †gvU PviRb _vwK GB evs‡jvq, Avi _v‡K Avgv‡ì KvR Kivi Rb¨ mvaviY K‡qw`, hv‡ì †RjLvbvi bvg n‡”Q ÔdvjZzÕ|

we‡Kj †ejv †R‡ji Wv³vi mv‡ne G‡jb| f`ª‡jvK‡K †`‡LB Avgvi fv‡jv jvM‡jv| j¤^v, †MŠieY©, cÖk¯Z jjvU- mg¯Z †Pnvivq GKUv cÖkvš— bgªZv| Avjvc K‡i Lye Lywk njvg| Avgv‡ì ej‡jb, Avgv‡K m¨vi, QvÎB g‡b Ki‡eb, hLb hv ìKvi wbtm‡¼v‡P ej‡eb, Avwg Avcbv‡ì cwiPh©vi R‡b¨B i‡qwQ| ciw`b mKv‡j Avmvi cÖwZkÖywZ w`‡q Wv³vi we`vq n‡jb| Wv³v‡ii GB GKvš— AvcbR‡bi g‡Zv eënv‡i gbUv A‡bKLvwb nvjKv n‡q wM‡qwQj|

ciw`b Wv³vi G‡jb| m‡½ eQi cuv‡PK eq‡mi GKwU my›ì dzUdz‡U †Q‡j| †`‡LB Avgvi Lye fv‡jv jvM‡jv| Wv³vi ej‡jb, Avgvi †Q‡j Avcbv‡ì †`L‡Z G‡m‡Q| Avwg ejjvg, Lye fv‡jv K_v| Ggb GKRb gnvgvb¨ AwZw_ †c‡q AvgivI ab¨ n‡qwQ| e‡j †Kv‡j Zz‡j wb‡ZB I webv wØavq Avgvi †Kv‡j G‡jv| Avì K‡i I‡K wR‡Ám Kijvg, †Zvgvi bvg Kx ej †Zv ? DË‡i ej‡Z jvM‡jv, Avgvi bvg eyjy, Avgvi evevi bvg kv‡n`, Avgvi gv‡qi bvg kvgxg, Avgvi bvbvi bvg... nVvr Wv³v‡ii †Pv‡L †PvL co‡ZB I †_‡g †Mj| Avwg e‡j DVjvg, n‡q‡Q, Lye n‡q‡Q| G‡Kev‡i GZ bvg wK Avwg g‡b ivL‡Z cvwi ? †Uwej †_‡K we¯‹zU G‡b I‡K w`jvg| eyjy †ek mnRfv‡eB †L‡Z jvMj| Zvici †Uwe‡ji Dci Avgvi eB¸‡jv †`‡L Avgvq ej‡j, Zzwg co ? e‡jB DË‡ii A‡c¶v bv K‡i ej‡Z jvMj, AvwgI cwo- wU‡q gvi we‡q jvj MvgQv w`‡q...

eyjy 25

BZ¨vw` BZ¨vw`| Kvi mva¨ _vgvq I‡K| Avwg ejjvg, Avwg †Zvgvi g‡Zv cvwi‡b| Aí Aí cvwi| ï‡b I Lye nvmj| Avgvi gy‡Li w`‡K ZvwK‡q ejj, GZ eo-co‡Z cvi bv? Zvici †m wK nvwm| Ae‡k‡l Wv³vi I‡K _vgvj|

†mw`b eyjy P‡j †Mj| wKš—y ciw`b Avevi wVK mgq g‡Zv G‡m nvwRi ! Wv³vi ej‡jb, wKQy‡ZB I‡K evwo ivLv †Mj bv| I Avm‡eB| nv‡Z GKwU Qovi eB, HwU Avgv‡K c‡o †kvbv‡e e‡j wb‡q G‡m‡Q| AMZ¨v Avgv‡K Ime ïb‡Z n‡jv| Wv³vi msKzwPZ n‡q ej‡jb, Avcbv‡K I cÖwZw`b Lye wei³ K‡i| Avcbvi â‡h©i cÖksmv Ki‡Z nq| Avwg ejjvg, Ggb wei³ Kivi †jvK GB wew”QbœZvi Øx‡c †Kv_vq cve Avwg| eyjy bv G‡j Avgvi Lye Lvivc jvM‡e|

Wv³viI Avgvi Aby‡iv‡a †ivRB eyjy‡K wb‡q Avm‡Zb| eyjy‡K wb‡q mgq Avgvi †ek fv‡jvB KvUZ| I P‡j †M‡jB †Kgb Lvwj Lvwj jvMZ|

e`wji R‡b¨ ìLv¯Z K‡iwQjvg| nVvr GKw`b Lei †cjvg, Avgvi Av‡e`b gÄyi n‡q‡Q| Avevi Avwg XvKv †R‡j wd‡i †h‡Z cvie| Lei †c‡q LyeB Lywk n‡qwQ| Avevi eyjyi K_v fve‡ZB gbUv Lvivc n‡q †Mj ! I‡K †Q‡o _vK‡Z n‡eÑ G K_vUv †hb Avi fve‡ZB cvwi‡b| Zey Avevi XvKv P‡j Avm‡Z n‡jv|

Avmevi w`b mKvj †ejvqB Wv³v‡ii mv‡_ eyjyI G‡jv| Avì K‡i I‡K †Kv‡j Zz‡j wbjvg| Zvici ax‡i ax‡i I‡K ejjvg, eyjy, Avwg XvKv hv‡ev| Zywg Avgvi Kv‡Q Kx PvI?

I cÖ_‡g ej‡jv, AvwgI XvKv hv‡ev| Zvici Kx †f‡e nVvr Avgvi Kv‡bi Kv‡Q G‡m wdm wdm K‡i ej‡jv, Ôivóªfvlv evsjv PvB, byiyj Avgx‡bi Kj −v PvBÕ| Avwg †Zv AevK! G Kx K_v GZUzKz wkïi gy‡L| Wv³v‡ii w`‡K ZvwK‡q ejjvg, Wv³vi mv‡ne, Gevi Avcbvi miKvwi PvKzwi ivLv KwVb n‡e| †Q‡ji gy‡L G me Kx ïbwQ|

Wv³vi Amnv‡qi g‡Zv ej‡jb, Kx Kie m¨vi, †RjLvbvi mvg‡bB evmv| ivZw`b wgwQ‡ji gy‡L H K_vB ï‡b ï‡b gyL¯’ K‡i †i‡L‡Q| Avwg †VKve Kx K‡i?

Gici w`bvRcyi †_‡K XvKv †K›`ªxq KvivMv‡i Avevi wd‡i G‡mwQ| cÖ_g Kw`b eyjyi R‡b¨ Lye gb †Kgb Ki‡Zv Zvici Avevi fy‡j wM‡qwQjvg|

GZw`‡bi wewPÎ cwieZ©‡b Gme Kvwnbx fy‡jB wM‡qwQjvg... Avi G Kvwnbx ejevi K_vI g‡b n‡Zv bv, hw` bv †mw`b Avi GK KvÊ NU‡Zv| †mw`‡bi c‡i m‡Z‡iv eQi P‡j †M‡Q| GK mvwnZ¨ mfv †_‡K evmvq wdiwQ| evmvi mvg‡b wiKkv †_‡K bvgvi c‡iB nVvr GK f`ª‡jvK

26 Avb›` cvV

Avgvi nvZ †P‡c ai‡jb: Avgvq wPb‡Z cv‡ib m¨vi? Avwg wKš—y Avcbv‡K wPb‡Z †c‡iwQ| Avgvi bvg kv‡n`| Avwg Wv³vi| Avcwb hLb w`bvRcyi †R‡j, ZLb Avwg wQjvg †mLv‡b Wv³vi|

ZvwK‡q _vKjvg| wKšZy f`ª‡jv‡Ki †Pnvivi m‡½ †mB m‡Z‡iv eQi Av‡MKvi Wv³vi mv‡n‡ei †Pnvivi †Kv‡bv wgjB †hb cvB‡b| nVvr f`Ö‡jvK Avgv‡K Rwo‡q a‡i †Ku‡` DV‡jb, Avcbvi eyjy‡K g‡b Av‡Q m¨vi, eyjy ? I Gevi BwÄwbqvwis cvm K‡i †ewi‡qwQj| PvKzwiI †c‡qwQj| wKš—y nVvr †mw`b gkvj nv‡Z †ewi‡q †Mj| Avi wd‡i G‡jv bv|

Wv³vi Avgv‡K Rwo‡q a‡i †Ku‡` DV‡jb| Avwg ¯Zä iy×evK n‡q ùvwo‡q iB‡jg| eûw`‡bi we¯§„wZi AÜKv‡i †h QwewU Avgvi g‡bi g‡a¨ dz‡U D‡VwQj, Zv evBk eQ‡ii hye‡Ki bq, cuvP eQ‡ii GKwU †QvÆ wkïi| Avi g‡b n‡jv: Kv‡bi Kv‡Q †hb wdm wdm K‡i †m ej‡Q Ôivóªfvlv evsjv PvBÕ|

Wv³v‡ii gy‡Li w`‡K ZvwK‡q iB‡jg| †Kvb K_vB ej‡Z cvijvg bv Zuv‡K|

†jLK-cwiwPwZ

AwRZ Kzgvi ¸n Rb¥MÖnY K‡ib 15B GwcÖj 1914 mv‡j Kzwgj−vi mycvwievMv‡b| wZwb XvKvi RMbœv_ K‡jR Ges XvKv wek¦we`¨vj‡q wk¶KZv K‡i‡Qb| 1952-i fvlv Av‡›`vj‡b mwµq AskMÖn‡Yi `v‡q Kviv‡fvM K‡ib| G‡`‡ki Amv¤cÖ`vwqK I ag©wbi‡c¶ ms¯‹…wZ PP©vq Zuvi Ae`vb I mvdj¨ Acwimxg| wZwb iex› ª mvwn‡Zï wekÖyZKxwZ© Aa¨vcK I mye³v wQ‡jb| g~jëvb f~wgKvmn Zuvi m¤cvw`Z MÖ‡š’i g‡a¨ D‡j −L‡hvM¨ Ô‡gN`~ZÕ, ÔK…òKv‡šZi DBjÕ, ÔMxZvÄwjÕ cÖf„wZ|

AwRZ Kzgvi ¸n 1969 mv‡ji 12B b‡f¤î Kzwgj −vq g„Zz eiY K‡ib|

mvi ms‡¶c

Av‡jvP¨ M‡íi Aa¨vcK M‡íi ïiy‡ZB 1952 mv‡ji fvlv Av‡›`vj‡bi K_v e‡j‡Qb| wZwb fvlv Av‡›`vj‡b AskMÖnY Kivi Kvi‡Y †MÖßvi nb Ges wZb w`b XvKv †K› ªxq KvivMv‡i ew›` _v‡Kb| †mLvb †_‡K Zuv‡K e`wj Kiv nq w`bvRcyi KvivMv‡i| ew›`‡ì‡K Mvwo‡Z IVv‡bv nq| †fvi‡ejv Mvwo G‡m _v‡g dzjQwo Nv‡U| ZLb hgybv b`xi Kv‡jv R‡ji Dci †fv‡ii cÖ_g Av‡jv G‡m c‡o‡Q| †jLK †Lqv cvi n‡q †ijMvwo‡Z †P‡c em‡jb| XvKv I w`bvRcy‡ii cv_©K¨ wPš—v K‡i Zvi gbUv `‡g †M‡jv| w`bvRcyi DËie‡½i †kl mxgvq wngvj‡qi KvQvKvwQ Aew¯’Z| dvêyb gvm| †ejv GMv‡ivUvqI kxZ| Puvì Mv‡q Rwo‡q wb‡Z n‡jv|

eyjy 27

Gici †jLK‡K wb‡q hvIqv n‡jv w`bvRcyi †R‡j| †mLv‡b GK b¤î Iqv‡W©i cwi”Qbœ evsjv N‡i Zuv‡ì _vKevi e‡›`ve¯Z n‡jv| N‡ii mvg‡b GK dvwj D‡Vvb| gvSLv‡b evZvwe †jeyi MvQ| GB KvivMv‡i GKmgq ew›` wQ‡jb Kwe KvRx bRiyj Bmjvg Ges wZwb H evZvwe †jey Mv‡Qi wb‡P e‡m KweZv wjL‡Zb|

†jLK Aa¨vcK GKRb DwKjmn PviRb ew›` _v‡Kb GLv‡b| cwiP‡qi c‡ii w`b we‡K‡j †R‡ji

Wv³vi G‡jb dzUdz‡U my›ì cuvP eQ‡ii †Q‡j‡K m‡½ wb‡q| Wv³v‡ii †Q‡ji bvg eyjy| †m

AbM©j K_v e‡j| Zvi K_v ï‡b ew›` †jL‡Ki Lye fv‡jv jv‡M| Zuvi mv‡_ eyjyi m¤cK© LyeB Mfxi

n‡q hvq|

GKw`b †jLK‡K XvKvq e`wj Kiv n‡jv| †hw`b P‡j Avm‡eb †mw`b eyjy G‡m Zuvi Kv‡bi Kv‡Q

wdm wdm K‡i ej‡jv Ôivóª fvlv evsjv PvB, byiyj Avwg‡bi Kj −v PvB|Õ

GB NUbvi m‡Z‡iv eQi ci GKw`b K_‡Ki evmvi mvg‡b w`bvRcyi †R‡ji Wv³vi kv‡n‡ì

mv‡_ †`Lv| kv‡n`‡K wZwb cÖ_g wPb‡Z cv‡ibwb| c‡i cwiPq w`‡q Wv³vi kv‡n` †jLK‡K

Rwo‡q a‡i Kuv`‡Z Kuv`‡Z ej‡jb, eyjy Gevi BwÄwbqvwis cvm K‡i †ewi‡qwQj| Zvici GKw`b

nVvr gkvj nv‡Z wgwQ‡j †Mj, Avi wd‡i G‡jv bv|

Aa¨vcK ¯Zä I iy×evK n‡q †M‡jb Ges wZwb ¯§„wZ‡Z Lyu‡R †c‡jb cuvP eQ‡ii wkï eyjy‡K| G

M‡í 1952 mv‡ji fvlv Av‡›`vj‡bi wkï eyjy, 1969 mv‡ji MYAfy¨Ìv‡bi wgwQ‡j kwn` hyeK

eyjy‡Z i~cvš—wiZ n‡q‡Q|

kãv_© I UxKv K‡qw`Ñ KvivMv‡i ew›`| KZ…©c¶Ñ wbqš¿YKvix| †Lqv cvivcviÑ b`xi Gcvi †_‡K Icv‡i

†bŠKvq hvIqv| †Mv‡q›`v wefvMÑ ¸ßPi wefvM, inm¨ mÜvbx wefvM| cÖvš—mxgvÑ †kl gv_vq|

wngvjqÑ DËi w`‡Ki wekvj cvnvo| †WcywU †RjiÑ Dc-Kviv cÖavb| GK dvwj D‡VvbÑ †QvÆ

GKUy D‡Vvb| †MŠieY©Ñ dm©v Mv‡qi iO, †k¦Zv½| cÖk¯Z jjvUÑ PIov Kcvj| cÖkvš— bgªZvÑ

AwZkq kvš—, webqx| wbtm‡¼vPÑ wØavnxb, ms‡¼vPnxb|

cwiPh©vÑ †mev, ïkÖ~lv| cÖwZkÖywZÑ cÖwZÁv| AMZ¨vÑ Ab¨MwZ †bB e‡j| msKzwPZÑ AcÖk¯Z, K‡g

†M‡Q Ggb| wew”QbœZvi ØxcÑ c„_K Øxc, m¤c©K k~b¨ ¯’vb| gÄyiÑ MÖnY| ivóªfvlv evsjv PvBÑ

28 Avb›` cvV

1952 mv‡j evsjv‡K ivóªfvlv gh©v`v cÖ`v‡bi `vwe‡Z QvÎ‡`i Av‡›`vj‡b e¨eüZ RbwcÖq †kvMvb|

Kj −vÑ gv_v| iy×evKÑ K_v eÜ n‡q hvIqv| †evev nIqv| we¯§„wZi AÜKviÑ ¯§„wZ †_‡K nvwi‡q

hvIqv|

Abykxjbx

eûwbe©vPwb cÖkœ

1. ÔeyjyÕ g~jZ †Kvb ai‡bi mvwnZ¨ Kg© ?

K. AvZ¥Kvwnbx L. †QvUMí

M. mvgvwRK Kvwnbx N. HwZnvwmK Mí

2. ÔeyjyÕ M‡í †jLK evsjv‡`‡ki †Kvb HwZnvwmK NUbvi cÖwZ Bw½Z K‡i‡Qb?

i. 1952 m‡bi fvlv Av‡›`vjb

ii. 1969 m‡bi MYAfy¨Ìvb

iii. 1971 m‡bi ¯^vaxbZv hy×


K. i L. i I ii

M. iii N. i I iii

wb‡Pi AskUzKz c‡ov Ges 3-5 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI|

Gici m‡Zi eQi †K‡U †M‡Q| nVvr †mB Wv³v‡ii m‡½ †jL‡Ki †`Lv| †jLK‡K Rwo‡q a‡i

Wv³vi †Ku‡` DV‡jb- ÔAvcbvi eyjy‡K g‡b c‡o m¨vi ? †m Gevi BwÄwbqvwis cvk K‡i PvKwi

wb‡qwQj| nVvr †m GK gkvj wgwQ‡j wM‡q Avi wd‡i Av‡mwb|Õ

3. Wv³v‡ii m‡½ †jL‡Ki cÖ_g cwiPq N‡UwQj-

K. XvKv †RjLvbvq L. †Kv‡bv GK mfvq

M. †Kv‡bv GK nvmcvZv‡j N. w`bvRcyi KvivMv‡i

eyjy 29

4. cÖ_g NUbvi m‡Zi eQi ci evsjv‡`‡k †Kvb HwZnvwmK NUbv N‡U ?

K. 1966 Gi Qq`dv Av‡›`vjb L. 1969-Gi MYAf~¨Ìvb

M. 1970 Gi wbe©vPb N. 1971 Gi gyw³hy×

5. eyjyi gkvj wgwQ‡j AskMÖnY Gi ga¨ w`‡q cÖKvk †c‡q‡Q eyjyi

i. msMÖvgx †PZbv

ii. wec−ex Abyf~wZ

iii. AvZ¥m‡PZbZv

wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?

K. i L. i I ii

M. iii N. i I iii

m„Rbkxj cÖkœ

wb‡Pi AskUzKz c‡o Gi mswk−ó cÖkœ¸‡jvi DËi `vI|

1. Avgvi 5 eQi eq‡mi †Q‡j ˆmKZ‡K wb‡q GK eÜyi evmvq †eov‡Z hvB| eÜy cwÊZ gvbyl -

†Uwe‡j A‡bK eo eo eB| cÖ_g mv¶v‡ZB ˆmKZ Avjvc Rwg‡q wbj eÜywUi m‡½| GK_v

†mK_v| Zywg GZ eo eo eB co| †jLv¸‡jv‡Zv LyeB †QvU - †`L Kx K‡i ? eÜywUI †ek gRvi

gvbyl| †m gRv K‡i e‡j Avgvi Pkgv c‡o †`q| Zywg eyov n‡j †Zvgvi PkgvI †Zvgv‡K c‡o

w`‡e| eÜywU ˆmKZ‡K PK‡jU †`q| ˆmKZ Zv‡K gyn~‡Z©i g‡a¨ 2/3wU Qov ïwb‡q †`q| K‡qK

wgwb‡Ui cÖ_g mv¶v‡ZB `yR‡bi g‡a¨ †ek fve R‡g D‡V ? Gici cÖvqB †m evqbv a‡i H eÜyi

evmvq †h‡Z|

K. ÔeyjyÕ MíwU‡Z †jL‡Ki †Kvb ¯§„wZ dy‡U D‡V‡Q ?

L. †jL‡Ki m‡½ eyjyi cwiP‡qi †cÖ¶vcU e¨vL¨v Ki|

M. DwÏc‡Ki ˆmK‡Zi g‡a¨ eyjyi †Kvb ˆewk‡ó¨i cÖwZdjb N‡U‡Q ? hyw³mn Dc¯’vcb

Ki|

N. Aí eqmx gvby‡li g‡a¨ eÜyZ¡ M‡o DVvi KviY¸‡jv DwÏc‡Ki Av‡jv‡K we‡k−lY Ki|

30 Avb›` cvV

gvby‡li gb ebdzj

b‡ik I c‡ik| `yBR‡b m‡nvì fvB| wKš� y GK e„‡š� `yBwU dzjÑ G Dcgv Bnv‡ì mg¦‡Ü Lv‡U bv| AvK…wZ I cÖK…wZ Ñ Dfq w`K w`qvB Bnv‡ì wg‡ji A‡c¶v AwgjB †ewk| b‡i‡ki †Pnvivi †gvUvgywU eY©bvUv GBiƒc : k¨vgeY©, `xN© †`n, †LvuPv‡LuvPv wPiywb-m¤cK© weiwnZ Pyj, †MvjvKvi gyL Ges †mB gy‡L GK‡Rvov eyw×`xß P¶z, GK‡Rvov †bD‡ji †j‡Ri g‡Zv cyó †Muvd Ges GKwU m�²vMª ïKPÂy bvmv|

c‡ik Le©vK…wZ, dimv, gv_vi †KuvKov‡bv †Kk`vg evewi AvKv‡i mymw¾Z| gyLwU GKUy jg¦v‡Mv‡Qi, bvKwU _¨veov| P¶z `yBwU‡Z †Kgb †hb GKwU Zb¥q fve| †Muvd`vwo Kvgv‡bv| Mjvq KÉx| Kcv‡j P›`b|

g‡bi w`K w`qv wePvi Kwi‡j †`Lv hvq †h, `yBR‡bB †Muvov| GKRb †Muvov êÁvwbK Ges Avi-GKRb †Muvov êòe| AZ¨š— wbôv mnKv‡i b‡ik ÁvbgvM© Ges c‡ik fw³gvM© Aejg¦b Kwiqv‡Qb|

hLb b‡i‡ki ÕKgevBÛ n¨vÛÕ PvKi, b‡i‡ki Rb¨ ÔdvDj KvU‡jUÕ evbvB‡Z e¨¯� Ges b‡ik

Õw_Iwi Ad wi‡jwUwfwUÕ jBqv Db¥Ë, ZLb †mB GKB evwo‡Z c‡ik ¯^cvK wbivwgl Avnvi Kwiqv

†hvMevwkó ivgvq‡Y gMœ| Bnv cÖvqB †`Lv hvBZ|

ZvB ewjqv fvwe‡eb bv †h, Df‡q me©`v jvVvjvwV Kwi‡Zb ! †gv‡UB Zv bq| Bnv‡ì Kjn †gv‡UB

bvB| Zvnvi my¯có KviY †evanq GB †h, A‡_©i w`K w`qv †Kn KvnviI gyLv‡c¶x bb|

Df‡qB Gg. G. cvm Ñ b‡ik †Kwgw÷«‡Z Ges c‡ik ms¯‹„‡Z| Df‡qB K‡j‡Ri cÖ‡dmvwi

Kwiqv †gvUv †eZb cvb| gwievi c�‡e© wcZv yBRb‡KB mgvbfv‡e bM` UvKvI w`qv wMqvwQ‡jb|

†h evwo‡Z Bunviv evm Kwi‡Z‡Qb Ñ BnvI ˆcZ„K m¤cwË| evwowU †ek eo| GZ eo †h Bnv‡Z

`yB-wZbwU cwievi cyÎ-†cŠÎvw` jBqv †ek ¯^PQ‡›` evm Kwi‡Z cv‡i| wKš—y b‡ik Ges

c‡i‡ki g‡b c„w_exi AwbZ¨Zv mg¦‡Ü Ggb GKUv Dcjwä Avwmj †h, †KnB Avi weevn Kwi‡jb

bv| c‡ik fvwe‡jbÑ ÔKv Ze Kvš—vÕÑ BnvB mZ¨| Ôwi‡jwUwfwUÕi QvÎ b‡ik fvwe‡Z jvwM‡jb -

wbg©jv mwZ¨B wK gwiqv‡Q ? Avwg †`wL‡Z cvB‡ZwQ bv Ñ GB gvÎ !

myZivs b‡ik Ges c‡ik m‡nvì nIqv m‡Ë¡I wfbœ cÖK…wZi Ges wfbœ cÖK…wZi nIqv m‡Ë¡I GKB

evwo‡Z kvwš—†Z evm K‡ib|

GK wel‡q wKš—y Df‡qi wgjI wQj|

cëy‡K Df‡q fv‡jvevwm‡Zb| cëy Z‡c‡ki cyÎ| b‡ik Ges c‡i‡ki †QvUfvB Z‡ck|

Gjvnvev‡` PvKzwi KwiZ| nVvr GKw`b K‡jiv nBqv Z‡ck Ges Z‡c‡ki ¯ �x g‡bvigv gviv †Mj|

†UwjMªv‡g Avn �Z b‡ik Ges c‡ik wMqv Zvnv‡ì †kl K_v¸wj gvÎ ïwbevi Aemi cvB‡jb| Zvnvi

gg© GB : ÔAvgiv Pjjvg| cëy‡K †Zvgiv †`‡Lv|Õ cëy‡K jBqv b‡ik Ges c‡ik KwjKvZv wdwiqv

Avwm‡jb| Z‡c‡ki As‡k ˆcZ„K wKQy UvKv wQj| b‡ik Zvnvi Aa©vsk c‡i‡ki m‡š—vlv‡_©

ivgK…ò wgk‡b wèvi cÖ¯�ve KwievgvÎB c‡ik ewj‡jbÑÔevwK A‡a©KUv Zvn‡j weÁv‡bi

DbœwZK‡í LiP †nvK !Õ ZvnvB nBj| cëyi fwel¨r mg¦‡Ü Zuvnviv fvwe‡jb †h, Zuvnviv wb‡Riv

hLb †KnB msmvix b‡nb ZLb cëyi Avi fvebv Kx!

cëy b‡ik Ges c‡ik Df‡qiB bq‡bi gwYiƒ‡c evwoqv DwV‡Z jvwMj| b‡ik wK¤^v c‡ik †KnB

wb‡Ri gZev` cëyi Dci djvB‡Z hvB‡Zb bv| cëyi hLb hvnv AwfiywP †m ZvnvB KwiZ|

gvby‡li gb 32

b‡i‡ki m‡½ Avnvi Kwi‡Z Kwi‡Z hLb Zvnvi gyiwM m¤^‡Ü †gvn KvwUqv AvwmZ ZLb †m

c‡i‡ki nwel¨v‡bœi w`‡K wKQyw`b SzuwKZ| K‡qKw`b nwel¨vbœ †fvR‡bi ci Avevi Avwgl-

†jvjycZv RvwM‡j b‡i‡ki †fvRbkvjvq wdwiqv hvB‡ZI Zvnvi evwaZ bv|b‡ik Ges c‡ik

Df‡qB Zvnv‡K †Kv‡bv wbw`©ó euva‡b euvwa‡Z Pvwn‡Zb bv Ñ hwÌ `yBR‡bB g‡b-g‡b Avkv

Kwi‡Zb †h eo nBqv cëy Zuvnvi Av`k©B eiY Kwi‡e|

cëyi eqm †lv‡jv ermi| GBevi g¨vwU«K w`‡e| my›ì ¯^v¯’¨, aea‡e dimv Mv‡qi iO, AvqZ

P¶z| b‡ik Ges c‡ik `yBR‡bB me©vš—tKi‡Y cëy‡K fv‡jvevwm‡Zb| G-wel‡q Df‡qi

wKQygvÎ Awgj wQj bv|

GB cëy GKw`b Amy‡L cwoj|

b‡ik Ges c‡ik wPwš—Z nB‡jb| b‡ik êÁvwbK gvbyl; wZwb ¯^fveZB GKRb A¨v‡jvc¨vw_K

Wv³vi jBqv Avwm‡jb| c‡ik cÖ_gUvq wKQy AvcwË K‡ib bvB, wKš—y hLb Dchy©cwi mvZw`b

KvwUqv †Mj R¡i Qvwoj bv, ZLb wZwb Avi w¯’i _vwK‡Z cvwi‡jb bv| b‡ik‡K ewj‡jbÑ GKRb

fv‡jv KweivR †W‡K †`Lv‡j †Kgb n‡Zv?

Ô†ek †`LvIÑÕ

KweivR Avwm‡jb, mvZw`b wPwKrmv Kwi‡jb| R¡i Kwgj bv, eis evwoj; cëy cÖjvc ewK‡Z

jvwMj| Aw¯’i c‡ik ZLb b‡ik‡K ewj‡jb, ÔAvPQv GKRb †R¨vwZlx‡K †W‡K Ii KzwôUv

†`Lv‡j †Kgb nq? Kx e‡jv ?Õ

Ô†ek †Zv! Z‡e, hvB KiI G R¡i GKzk w`‡bi Av‡M Kg‡e bv| Wv³vievey e‡jwQ‡jbÑ UvBd‡qW

!Õ

ÔZvB bvwK ?Õ

cëyi †Kvôx jBqv e¨vKzj c‡ik †R¨vwZlxi evwo QywU‡jb| †R¨vwZlx Kwn‡jbÑ Ôg½j gvi‡Kk|

wZwb iyó nBqv‡Qb|Õ Kx Kwi‡j wZwb kvš— nB‡eb, Zvnvi GKUv d © w`‡jb| c‡ik cÖevj

wKwbqv cëyi nv‡Z euvwaqv g½jkvwš—i Rb¨ kv¯�xq eë¯’vw` Kwi‡Z jvwM‡jb|

AmyL wKš—y DË‡ivËi evwoqv Pwjqv‡Q| b‡ik GKw`b ewj‡jb-

ÔKweivwR Ilya †Zv we‡kl DcKvi n‡PQ bv, Wv³vi‡KB Avevi WvKe bvwK ?Õ

33 Avb›` cvV

ÔZvB Wv‡Kv bvnqÑÕ

b‡ik Wv³vi WvwK‡Z †M‡jb| c‡ik cëyi gv_vi wkq‡i ewmqv gv_vq RjcwU w`‡Z jvwM‡jb| cëy

cÖjvc ewK‡Z‡QÑ Ôgv Avgv‡K wb‡q hvI| evev †Kv_vq !Õ

AvZ‡¼ c‡i‡ki eyKUv Kvuwcqv DwVj| nVvr g‡b nBj, ïwbqvwQj Zvi‡Kk¦‡i wMqv aibv w`‡j

ˆè Jla cvIqv hvq| wVK !

b‡ik wdwiqv Avwm‡ZB c‡ik ewj‡jbÑÔAvwg GKevi Zvi‡Kk¦i Pjjvg, wdi‡Z y-GKw`b †`wi

n‡e|Õ

ÔnVvr Zvi‡Kk¦i †Kb ?Õ

Ôevevi Kv‡Q aibv †è|Õ

b‡ik wKQy ewj‡jb bv, e¨¯�mg¯� c‡ik evwni nBqv †M‡jb|

Wv³vi cix¶v Kwiqv ewj‡jbÑÔeo Lvivc Uvb© wb‡q‡Q|Õ

Wv³vwi wPwKrmv Pwj‡Z jvwMj|

w`b-`yB c‡i c‡ik wdwi‡jb| n‡¯� GKwU fuvo| Dj −wmZ nBqv wZwb ewj‡jb : Ôevevi ¯^cœv‡`k

†cjvg|

wZwb ej‡jb †h, †ivMx‡K †hb Bb‡RKkb †Ìqv bv nq| Avi ej‡jb, GB PiYvg„Z †ivR GKevi

K‡i LvB‡q w`‡Z, Zvn‡j †m‡i hv‡e|Õ

Wv³vievey AvcwË Kwi‡jb| b‡ikI AvcwË Kwi‡jb| UvBd‡qW †ivMx‡K dzj‡ejcvZv cPv Rj

wKQy‡ZB LvIqv‡bv Pwj‡Z cv‡i bv|

nZeyw× c‡ik fvÊn‡¯� Pyc Kwiqv ùvovBqv iwn‡jb|

Avm‡j wKš� y e¨vcvi ùvovBj Abïƒc| c‡i‡ki A‡MvP‡i cëy‡K Wv³vievey h_vwewa Bb‡RKkb

w`‡Z jvwM‡jb Ges Bunv‡ì A‡MvP‡i c‡ik jyKvBqv cëy‡K cÖZ¨n GKUy PiYvg„Z cvb KivB‡Z

jvwM‡jb|

gvby‡li gb 34

K‡qKw`b Pwjj| †iv‡Mi wKš—y Dckg bvB|

Mfxi ivwÎ| nVvr b‡ik cv‡ki N‡i wMqv c‡ik‡K RvMvB‡jb! ÔWv³vievey‡K GKevi Lei †Ìqv

ìKvi, cëy †Kgb †hb Ki‡Q|Õ

ÔAu¨v, e‡jv Kx !Õ

cëyi ZLb k¦vm DwVqv‡Q|

Db¥v‡ì g‡Zv c‡ik QywUqv wb‡P bvwgqv †M‡jb Wv³vi‡K Ô†dvbÕ Kwi‡Z| Zvnvi Mjvi ¯î †kvbv

hvB‡Z jvwMjÑ

Ôn¨v‡jvÑïb‡Qb Wv³vievey, n¨v‡jvÑn uv, nu v, Avgvi Avi Bb‡RKkb w`‡Z AvcwË †bBÑ eyS‡jb Ñn¨v‡jvÑeyS‡jbÑ AvcwË †bBÑ Avcwb Bb‡RKkb wb‡q wkMwMi Avmyb- Avgvi AvcwË †bB, eyS‡jbÑÕ

Gw`‡K b‡ik cvM‡ji g‡Zv PiYvg„‡Zi fuvoUv cvwoqv Pvgy‡P Kwiqv LvwbKUv PiYvg„Z jBqv cëy‡K mva¨mvabv Kwi‡Z‡QbÑ Ôcëy LvIÑ LvI †Zv evevÑ GKevi †L‡q bvI GKUyÑÕ

Zuvnvi nvZ _i_i Kwiqv Kuvwc‡Z‡Q, PiYvg„Z Kk evwnqv cwoqv †Mj|

†jLK-cwiwPwZ

1899 mv‡ji 19†k RyjvB ebdzj wenv‡ii c�wY©gv †Rjvi gwbnvwi bvgK ¯’v‡b Rb¥MªnY K‡ib Ges

1997 mv‡ji 9B †deªyqvwi gviv hvb| Zuvi cÖK…Z bvg ejvBPuv` gy‡Lvcva¨vq| wZwb 1918 mv‡j

g¨vwU«K cvk K‡ib Ges †m›U Kjg¦vm K‡jR †_‡K AvB.Gm.wm. cvm K‡i Wv³vwi co‡Z Av‡mb

KjKvZvq| 1927 mv‡j Wv³vwi cvk K‡i fvMjcy‡i c¨v_jwR÷ wn‡m‡e 40 eQi KvR K‡ib|

QvÎRxeb †_‡K wZwb †jLv‡jwLi m‡½ hy³ nb| welq I AvqZ‡b ¶z`ª †QvUM‡íi Rb¨ wZwb

L¨vwZjvf K‡ib| †QvUMí, Dcb¨vm, bvUK, KweZv BZ¨vKvi me ai‡bi iPbv‡ZB wZwb mvd‡jï

cwiPq †`b| Zuvi D‡j −L‡hvM¨ iPbv: Ô¯’veiÕ, ÔR½gÕ, Ôgš�gy»Õ, Ônv‡UevRv‡iÕ, ÔwKQy¶YÕ,

Ôwe›`ywemM©Õ, ÔˆØi_Õ, ÔfxgcjkªxÕ, Ôkªxgaym � b I we`¨vmvMiÕ| cvwLi c„w_ex wb‡q Zuvi weL¨vZ

iPbv ÔWvbvÕ| mvwn‡Z¨ K…wZ‡Z¡i Rb¨ wZwb iex›`ª-cyi¯‹vi, RMËvwiYx c`K Ges fvMjcyi I

hvècyi wek¦we`¨vjq †_‡K wW.wjU. Dcvwa jvf K‡ib|

35 Avb›` cvV

mvi-ms‡¶c

b‡ik I c‡ik m‡nvì| wKš—y mgvb wKsev GKB †eva-eyw×i gvbyl bq| b‡ik †Muvov êÁvwbK

Avi c‡ik êòe| b‡ik Lvq KvU‡jU, c‡ik wbivwgl‡fvRx| b‡i‡ki AvMªn wi‡jwUwfwU w_Iwii

cÖwZ, c‡i‡ki AvMªn †hvM I ivgvq‡Yi cÖwZ| wKš—y G wfbœZv m‡Ë¡I `yR‡bi g‡a¨ SMov-weev`

nq bv ej‡jB P‡j| eis hvi hvi g‡Zv wbR¯^ wek¦vm Abyhvqx KvR Pvwj‡q hvq| †Kwgw÷ª Ges

ms¯‹„‡Z Gg. G. cvm G hye‡Kiv †KDB we‡q K‡ibwb| c‡ik fv‡e ÔKv Ze Kvš—vÕÑ †Zvgvi

Avcb †K? Avi b‡i‡ki wbg©jv MZvqy| wKš—y †QvUfvB Z‡ck I Zvi �x g‡bvigv K‡jivq gviv

†M‡j Zv‡ì mš—vb cëy‡K Giv wb‡q Av‡m| cëy G‡ì yR‡biB bq‡bi gwY| Df‡qB cëy‡K

Lye fv‡jvev‡m|

cëy R¡‡i Avµvš— n‡j b‡ik wb‡q Av‡m A¨v‡jvc¨vw_K Wv³vi, c‡ik wb‡q Av‡m KweivR| R¡i

AviI evo‡j c‡i Kzwô †`Lvi Rb¨ wb‡q Av‡m †R¨vwZlx‡K| Wv³vi e‡jb UvBd‡qW, Avi

†R¨vwZlx e‡jb Ôg½j gvi‡Kk iyó n‡q‡QÕ| myZivs GKw`‡K Pjj A¨v‡jvc¨vw_K wPwKrmv,

Ab¨w`‡K PiYvg„Z cvb| wecixZagx© G wPwKrmvq cëyi Ae¯’v hLb LyeB Lvivc ZLb b‡ik Avi

c‡i‡ki Ae¯’vb hvq cv‡ë, g‡bi MwZwewa hvq Ny‡i| c‡ik ZLb e‡j Wv³vi WvKvi K_v,

Bb‡RKkb †Ìqvi K_v; Avi b‡ik cëy‡K PiYvg„Z LvIqvi †Póvq cÖvYvš— †Póv K‡i|

kãv_© I UxKv

†bDjÑ †ewR| m�¶¥vMªÑ hvi AMªfvM Lye aviv‡jv| ïKPÂy bvmvÑ wUqvcvwLi †Vuv‡Ui g‡Zv bvK|

Le©vK…wZÑ hvi AvKvi LvU| †Kk`vgÑ Py‡ji ¸y”Q| Zb¥qÑ Lye g‡bv‡hvMx| KÉxÑ Mjvq civi

Aj¼vi| P›`bÑ myMwÜ KvV we‡kl| †MuvovÑ AÜ wek¦vmx I GKMuy‡q| ÁvbgvM©Ñ mvabvi c‡_

GKgvÎ Ávb| fw³gvM©Ñ mvabvi c‡_ GKgvÎ fw³| KgevBÛ n¨vÛÑ wecixZagx© GKvwaK KvR

Ki‡Z cviv| w_Iwi Ad wi‡jwUwfwUÑ Av‡cw¶KZvi ZË¡| MvwjwjI G Z‡Ë¡i Bw½Z w`‡jI wesk

kZ‡Ki †Mvovi w`‡K Rvg©vb weÁvwb AvBb÷vBb G ZË¡‡K c�Y©Zv `vb K‡ib| G Z‡Ë¡i gva¨‡g

e¯� y, fi, kw³ I MwZi m¤cK© Avwe®‹„Z n‡q‡Q| Db¥ËÑ D‡ËwRZ, w¶ß, cvMj, Db¥v`|

gyLv‡c¶xÑ A‡bï mvnvh¨wbf©i| ¯^PQ‡›`Ñ Aejxjvq, mnRfv‡e| DcjwäÑ Abyfe| AwbZ¨ZvÑ

wPiKvj wU‡K _v‡K bv Ggb| Kv Ze Kvš�vÑ †KD Avcb bq| m‡š�vlv‡_©Ñ mš—yó Kivi Rb¨|

gZev`Ñ †Kv‡bv we‡kl Av`k©, wPš—v, g �j¨‡eva| AwfiywPÑ BPQv, AwfcÖvq| nwel¨vbœÑ

wn› ym¤cª v‡qi c�Rv-cve©‡Y Avnvh©, AvwglewR©Z wNgvLv AvZc Pvj| me©vš—tKi‡YÑ g‡bcÖv‡Y|

gvby‡li gb 36

†R¨vwZlx- †R¨vwZlkv �we`, whwb fvM¨‡iLv MYbv K‡ib, Mªn-b¶Îvwì Ae¯’vb wbY©q K‡i whwb

gvby‡li ïfvïf wePvi-we‡k−lY K‡ib| KzwôÑ Rb¥cwÎKv| UvBd‡qWÑ GKai‡bi R¡i| g½j gvi‡KkÑ †èZv we‡kl| Zvi‡Kk¦iÑ ûMwj †Rjvi GKwU _vbv| cwðge‡½i weL¨vZ wkeZx_©|

KwjKvZv †_‡K 58 wK‡jvwgUvi ` �‡i Aew¯’Z| GLv‡bB ZviKvbv‡_i gw›ì Aew¯’Z| PiYvg„ZÑ

wn›`ymgv‡R cÖPwjZ ¸iy‡`‡ei cv-†avqv Rj| cv‡`v`KÑ †Kv‡bv †èg�wZ© ev m¤§vwbZ e¨w³i cv-

†avqv Rj|

Abykxjbx

eûwbe©vPwb cÖkœ

1. Ôgvby‡li gbÕ M‡í cëz †K ?

K. b‡i‡ki fvB L. c‡i‡ki cyÎ

M. Z‡c‡ki cyÎ N. Z‡c‡ki fvB

2. Kx Kvi‡Y b‡ik I c‡i‡ki g‡bi MwZwewa Ny‡i hvq ?

i. Wv³v‡ii wPwKrmvq cëzi Ae¯’v Lvivc nIqvq

ii. PiYvg„Z cvb K‡i cëzi Ae¯’v Lvivc nIqvq

iii. wecixZag©x wPwKrmvq cëzi Ae¯’v Lvivc nIqvq


K. i L. ii

M. i I ii N. iii

3. b‡ik I c‡ik GB `yB m‡nv`‡ii e¨vcv‡i wb‡Pi †Kvb Z_¨wU wVK ?

K. yRbB wbivwgl‡fvRx

L. `yRbB êÁvwbK `„wófw½m¤úbœ

M. `yRbB cëz‡K fxlY fv‡jvev‡m

N. yRb‡iB AvMÖn Av‡Q ivgvq‡Yi cÖwZ

37 Avb›` cvV

wb‡Pi Aby‡PQ`wU co Ges 4 I 5 bg¦i cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI

b‡ik Ges c‡ik Df‡qB Zvnv‡K †Kv‡bv wbw`©ó evua‡b evuwa‡Z Pvwn‡Zb bv| hwÌ `yBR‡bB

g‡b g‡b Avkv Kwi‡Zb †h eo nBqv cëz Zvnvi Av`k©B eiY Kwi‡e|

4. ÔZvnvi Av`k©B eiY Kwi‡eÕÑ G As‡k Zvnvi ej‡Z †evSv‡bv n‡q‡Q :

K. cëz‡K L. b‡ik‡K

M. c‡ik‡K N. b‡ik I c‡ik‡K

5. D×„Zvs‡ki †jLKÑ

K. †UKPuv` VvKzi L. ejvBPvu` gy‡Lvcva¨vq

M. Abœ`vksKi ivq N. kirP› ª P‡Ævcva¨vq

m„Rbkxj cÖkœ

wb‡Pi Aby‡PQ`wU co Ges cÖkœ¸‡jvi DËi `vI

g‡bi w`K w`qv wePvi Kwi‡j †`Lv hvq †h, `yR‡bB †Muvov| GKRb †Muvov ‰eÁvwbK Ges Avi

GKRb †Muvov êòe| AZ¨š— wbôvmnKv‡i b‡ik ÁvbgvM© Ges c‡ik fw³gvM© Aej¤^b

Kwiqv‡Qb|

hLb b‡i‡ki ÔKgevBÛ n¨vÛÕ PvKi b‡i‡ki Rb¨ ÔdvDj KvU‡jUÕ evbvB‡Z e¨¯Z Ges b‡ik

Ôw_Iwi Ad wi‡jwUwfwUÕ jBqv Db¥Ë, ZLb †mB GKB evwo‡Z c‡ik ¯^cvK wbivwgl Avnvi Kwiqv

†hvMevwkó ivgvq‡Y gMœ| Bnv cÖvqB †`Lv hvBZ| Z‡e Df‡qB cëz‡K mgfv‡e Avì †mœn KwiZ|

K. ÔGKRb †Muvov êÁvwbKÕ - †Muvov êÁvwb‡Ki bvg Kx ?

L. D×„Z Ask Aej¤^‡b b‡ik I c‡i‡ki Rxebhvc‡bi eY©bv `vI|

M. b‡ik I c‡i‡ki Rxebv`‡k©i †KvbwU †Zvgvi Kv‡Q cQ›`bxq? hyw³mn Dc¯’vcb Ki|

N. cëyi cÖwZ b‡ik I c‡i‡ki ye©jZvi KviY we‡k −lY Ki|

gvby‡li gb 38

Av yfvB Aveyj gbmyi Avng`

GK

Av`yfvB K¬vm †m‡f‡b co‡Zb| wVK co‡Zb bv e‡j c‡o _vK‡Zb ejvB fv‡jv| KviY H we‡kl †kÖwY e¨ZxZ Avi †Kv‡bv †kÖwY‡Z wZwb KL‡bv c‡o‡Qb wKbv, c‡o _vK‡j wVK K‡e c‡o‡Qb, †m - K_v QvÎiv †KD RvbZ bv| wk¶KivI A‡b‡K Rvb‡Zb bv e‡jB †eva n‡Zv|

wk¶KivI A‡b‡K Zuv‡K ÔAv`yfvBÕ e‡j WvK‡Zb| KviY bvwK GB †h, ZuvivI GKKv‡j

Av`yfvB‡qi mncvVx wQ‡jb Ges mevB bvwK K¬vm - †m‡f‡bB Av`yfvB‡qi m‡½ c‡o‡Qb|

Avwg hLb K¬vm †m‡f‡b Av yfvB‡qi mncvVx njvg ZZw`‡b Av`yfvB H †kÖwYi cyivZb †Uwej

e− vK‡ev‡W©i g‡ZvB wbZvš— Awe‡PQ`¨ Ges AZ¨š— ¯^vfvweK A‡½ cwiYZ n‡q wM‡q‡Qb|

Av`yfvB‡qi GB Amvd‡j¨ Avi †h - B hZ nZvk †nvK, Av yfvB‡K †KD KL‡bv welYœ †`‡Lwb|

wK¤^v b¤î evwo‡q †èvi Rb¨ wZwb KL‡bv †Kv‡bv wk¶K ev cix¶K‡K Aby‡iva K‡ibwb| hw`

KL‡bv †Kv‡bv eÜz e‡j‡Q: hvb bv Av`yfvB, †h Kq mve‡R‡± kU© Av‡Q, wk¶K‡ì e‡j K‡q

b¤îUv wbb - bv evwo‡q| ZLb M¤¢xifv‡e Av`yfvB Reve w`‡q‡Qb, me mve‡R‡± cvKv n‡q

IVvB fv‡jv|

†Kvb †Kvb mve‡R‡± kU©, myZivs cvKv nIqvi cÖ‡qvRb Av‡Q, Zv †KD Rvb‡Zv bv| Av`yfvBI

Rvb‡Zb bv; Rvbevi †Kv‡bv †PóvI K‡ibwb; Rvbevi AvMÖnI †h Zuvi Av‡Q, ZvI †evSevi Dcvq

wQj bv| eis wZwb †hb g‡b Ki‡Zb, IiKg AvMÖn cÖKvk KivB Ab¨vq I Am½Z| wZwb

ej‡Zb, †hw`b wZwb me mve‡R‡± cvKv n‡eb, cÖ‡gvkb †mw`b Zuvi †KD †VwK‡q ivL‡Z cvi‡e

bv| †m-ïfw`b †h GKw`b Avm‡eB †m-wel‡q Av`yfvB‡qi GZUzKz m‡›`n †KD KL‡bv †`‡Lwb|

KZ Lvivc QvÎ cÖkœcÎ Pzwi K‡i Ac‡ii LvZv bKj K‡i Av`yfvB‡qi Nv‡oi Dci w`‡q cÖ‡gvkb

wb‡q P‡j wM‡q‡Q, G - ai‡bi Bw½Z Av`yfvB‡qi Kv‡Q †KD Ki‡j, wZwb M‡R© D‡V ej‡Zb,

Ávbjv‡fi Rb¨B Avgiv ¯‹z‡j cwo, cÖ‡gvkb jv‡fi Rb¨ cwo bv|

†mRb¨ A‡bK m‡›`nev`x eÜz Av`yfvB‡K wR‡Ám K‡i‡Q, Av yfvB, Avcbvi Kx mwZ¨B cÖ‡gvk‡bi

Avkv Av‡Q?

wbwðZ weRq‡MŠi‡e Av`yfvB‡qi gyL D¾¡j n‡q D‡V‡Q| wZwb Zvw”Qj¨f‡i e‡j‡Qb, AvR †nvK,

Kvj †nvK, cÖ‡gvkb Avgv‡K w`‡ZB n‡e| Z‡e nu v, DbœwZ Av‡¯� - Av‡¯� nIqvB fv‡jv| †h MvQ

jKjK K‡i †e‡o‡Q, mvgvb¨ evZv‡mB Zvi WMv †f‡O‡Q|

†mRb¨ Av`yfvB‡K †KD KL‡bv wcQ‡bi †ewÂ‡Z em‡Z †`‡Lwb| mvg‡bi †ewÂ‡Z e‡m wZwb

wk¶K‡ì cÖ‡Z¨KwU K_v g‡bv‡hvM w`‡q ïb‡Zb, nv K‡i wMj‡Zb, gv_v bvo‡Zb I

cÖ‡qvRbg‡Zv †bvU Ki‡Zb| LvZvi msL¨v I mvB‡R Av yfvB wQ‡jb K¬v‡mi GKRb Ab¨Zg fv‡jv

QvÎ|

ïay K¬v‡mi bq, ¯‹z‡ji g‡a¨ wZwb mevi Av‡M †cŠuQy‡Zb| G e¨vcv‡i wk¶K wK QvÎ Ñ †KD Zuv‡K

†Kv‡bvw`b nviv‡Z †c‡i‡Q e‡j †kvbv hvqwb|

Av`yfvB 40

¯‹z‡ji evwl©K cyi¯‹vi weZiYx mfvq Av`yfvB‡K Avgiv eivei y‡Uv cyi¯‹vi †c‡Z †`‡LwQ|

Avgiv ï‡bwQ, Av`yfvB †Kvb Abvw`Kvj †_‡K H `y‡Uv cyi¯‹vi †c‡q Avm‡Qb| Zvi GKwU, ¯‹zj

KvgvB bv Kivi Rb¨; AciwU mPPwiÎZvi Rb¨| kniZwji cvov Ñ Muv †_‡K †ivR †ivR cuvP gvBj

iv¯�v wZwb †nu‡U Avm‡Zb e‡U; wKš—y So-Zzdvb, AmyL - wemyL wKQyB Zuvi G Kv‡Ri Amywe‡a

m„wó K‡i DV‡Z cv‡iwb| ˆP‡Îi Kvj‡ev‡kLx ev kÖve‡Yi SoSÅvq †hw`b cïc¶xI Ni †_‡K

†e‡ivqwb, †mw`bI QvZvi wb‡P bywogywo n‡q, evZv‡mi m‡½ hy× Ki‡Z Ki‡Z Av`yfvB‡K

¯‹z‡ji c‡_ G‡Mv‡Z †`Lv wM‡q‡Q| gvB‡bi ggZvq wk¶Kiv Aek¨ ¯‹z‡j Avm‡Zb| †Zgb

`y‡h©v‡M QvÎiv †KD Av‡mwb wbwðZ †R‡bI wbqg i¶vi Rb¨ Zuviv K¬v‡m GKwU DuwK gvi‡Zb|

wKš—y †Zgb w`‡bI AÜKvi †KvY †_‡K ÔAv`ve, m¨viÕ e‡j †h-GKwU QvÎ wk¶K‡ì PgwK‡q

w`‡Zb wZwb wQ‡jb Av`yfvB| Avi PwiÎ? Av`yfvB‡K †KD KL‡bv ivM wK¤^v Af`ªZv Ki‡Z

wK¤^v wg‡Q K_v ej‡Z †`‡Lwb|

¯‹z‡j fwZ© nevi ci cÖ_g cix¶v‡ZB Avwg dv÷© njvg| myZivs AvBbZ Avwg K¬v‡mi g‡a¨

mePvB‡Z fv‡jv QvÎ Ges Av`yfvB mevi PvB‡Z Lvivc QvÎ wQ‡jb| wKš—y Kx Rvwb †Kb, Avgv‡ì

`yRbvi g‡a¨ GKUv eÜb m„wó n‡jv| Av`yfvB cÖ_g †_‡KB Avgv‡K †hb wbZvš— Avcbvi †jvK

e‡j a‡i wb‡jb| Avgvi Ici †hb Zuvi KZKv‡ji `vwe|

Av`yfvB g‡b Ki‡Zb, wZwb Kwe I e³v| ¯‹z‡ji mvßvwnK mfvq wZwb e³…Zv I ¯îwPZ KweZv

cvV Ki‡Zb| Zuvi KweZv ï‡b mevB nvm‡Zv| †m nvwm‡Z Av`yfvB j¾v‡eva Ki‡Zb bv,

wbiyrmvnI n‡Zb bv| eiÂ Zv‡K wZwb cÖksmvm �PK nvwmB g‡b Ki‡Zb| Zuvi Drmvn wØ¸Y †e‡o

†h‡Zv|

Ab¨me e¨vcv‡i Av yfvB‡K eyw×gvb e‡jB g‡b n‡Zv| wKš—y GB GKwU e¨vcv‡i Zuvi wbe©yw×Zv

†`‡L Avwg ytwLZ nZvg| Zuvi wbe©yw×Zv wb‡q QvÎ-wk¶K mevB Zvgvkv Ki‡Qb, A_P wZwb Zv

eyS‡Z cvi‡Qb bv, †`‡L Avgvi gb Av`yfvB‡qi c¶cvZx n‡q DV‡Zv|

†Mj GBfv‡e Pvi eQi| Avwg g¨vwUª‡Ki Rb¨ †U÷ cix¶v w`jvg| Av`yfvB wKš—y †meviI h_vixwZ

K¬vm †m‡f‡bB Ae¯’vb KiwQ‡jb|

41 Avb›` cvV

yB

wW‡m¤^i gvm|

me K¬v‡mi cix¶v I cÖ‡gvkb n‡q wM‡qQ| cÖ_g we‡ePbv, wØZxq we‡ePbv, Z…Zxq we‡ePbv I

we‡kl we‡ePbv BZ¨vw` mKj cÖKv‡ii we‡ePbv n‡q wM‡q‡Q| we‡ewPZ cÖ‡gvkb-cÖv‡ßi msL¨v

Ab¨vb¨ ev‡ii b¨vq †meviI cvm-Kiv cÖ‡gvkb-cÖv‡ßi msL¨vi wØ¸‡YiI E‡aŸ© D‡V‡Q|

wKš—y Av`yfvB Gme we‡ePbvi evB‡i| Kv‡RB Zuvi K_v cÖvq fz‡jB wM‡qwQjvg| †U÷ cix¶v

w`‡q Avgiv wUDUwi‡qj K¬vm KiwQjvg| QvÎiv ïay ïay ¯‹zjcÖv½‡Y RUjv KiwQjÑcÖ‡gvkb cvIqv

†Q‡jiv wb‡R‡`i KxwZ©-D¾¡j †Pnviv †`Lvevi Rb¨, Avi bv-cvIqv †Q‡jiv cÖ‡gvk‡bi †Kv‡bv

cÖKvi AwZwi³ we‡kl we‡ePbvi `vwe Rvbvevi Rb¨|

Ggb w`‡b GKUy wbivjv RvqMvq †c‡q nVvr Av`yfvB Avgvi cv Rwo‡q a‡i †Ku‡` †dj‡jb| Avwg

Pg‡K DVjvg| Av`yfvB‡K Avgiv mevB gyiyweŸ gvbZvg| ZvB Zuv‡K w¶cÖn‡¯� †U‡b Zy‡j cÖwZ`v‡b

Zuvi cv Quy‡q ejjvg, Kx n‡q‡Q Av`yfvB, Agb cvMjvwg Ki‡jb †Kb?

Av`yfvB Kw¤cZ K‡É ej‡jb, cÖ‡gvkb|

Avwg wew¯§Z njvg; ejjvg, cÖ‡gvkb ? cÖ‡gvkb Kx ? Avcwb cÖ‡gvkb †c‡q‡Qb ?

: bv, Avwg cÖ‡gvkb †c‡Z PvB|

: I, †c‡Z Pvb ? †m †Zv mevB Pvq|

Av`yfvB Acivaxi b¨vq D‡ØM-Kw¤cZ I ms‡KvP-RwoZ cu¨vP-†gvPo w`‡q hv ej‡jb, Zvi gg©

GB †h, cÖ‡gvk‡bi Rb¨ GZw`b wZwb KviI Kv‡Q wKQy e‡jbwb ; KviY, cÖ‡gvkb wRwbmUv‡K

h_vmg‡qi c�‡e© GwM‡q AvbvUv wZwb cQ›` K‡ib bv| wKš—y GKUv we‡kl Kvi‡Y Gevi Zuv‡K

cÖ‡gvkb †c‡ZB n‡e| †m wbR©bZvqI wZwb Avgvi Kv‡bi Kv‡Q gyL G‡b †mB KviYwU ej‡jb| Zv

GB †h, Av yfvBi †Q‡j †mevi K¬vm †m‡f‡b cÖ‡gvkb †c‡q‡Q| wb‡Ri †Q‡ji cÖwZ Av`yfvB‡qi

†Kv‡bv Cl©v †bB| Kv‡RB †Q‡ji m‡½ GK †kÖwY‡Z covi Zuvi AvcwË wQj bv| wKš—y Av`yfvB‡qi

�xi Zv‡Z †NviZi AvcwË Av‡Q| d‡j, nq Av`yfvB‡K Gevi cÖ‡gvkb †c‡Z n‡e, bq‡Zv

cov‡kvbv †Q‡o w`‡Z n‡e| cov‡kvbv †Q‡o w`‡q Av`yfvB euvP‡eb Kx wb‡q ?

Av`yfvB 42

Avwg Av`yfvB‡qi wec‡ì ¸iyZ¡ eyS‡Z cvijvg| Zuvi Aby‡iv‡a Avwg wk¶K‡ì Kv‡Q mycvwik

Ki‡Z †h‡Z ivwR njvg|

cÖ_‡g dviwm-wk¶‡Ki Kv‡Q hvIqv w¯’i Kijvg| KviY, wZwb GK`v Avgv‡K †gvU GKkZ

b¤^‡ii g‡a¨ GKkZ cuvP b¤î w`‡qwQ‡jb| wew¯§Z †nWgv÷vi Zvi KviY wR‡Ám Kivq †gŠjwe

mve e‡jwQ‡jb, Ô†Q‡j mg¯� cÖ‡kœi ï× DËi †Ìqvq †m c�Y© b¤î †c‡q‡Q| c�Y© b¤î cvIqvi

cyi¯‹vi ¯îƒc Avwg Lywk n‡q Zv‡K cuvP b¤î eLwkk w`‡qwQ|Õ A‡bK ZK© K‡iI †nWgv÷vi

†gŠjwe mve‡K GB Kv‡Ri Am½wZ eySv‡Z cv‡ibwb|

†gŠjwe mve Av`yfvB‡qi bvg ï‡b R¡‡j DV‡jb| Agb †eZwgR I †Lv`vi bv-digvb ev›`v wZwb

KL‡bv †`‡Lbwb e‡j Avùvjb Ki‡jb Ges Ae‡k‡l wU‡bi ev· †_‡K A‡bK Luy‡R Av`yfvB‡qi

LvZv †ei K‡i Avgvi mvg‡b †d‡j w`‡q ej‡jb, †`L|

Avwg †`Ljvg, Av`yfvB †gv‡U wZb b¤î †c‡q‡Q| Zey nZvk njvg bv| cv‡mi b¤î †`qvi Rb¨

Zuv‡K †P‡c aijvg|

eo †`wi n‡q wM‡q‡Q, b¤î mvewgU K‡i †d‡j‡Qb, we‡ePbvi ¯�i cvi n‡q wM‡q‡Q BZ¨vw`

mg¯� hyw³i Avwg m‡š—vlRbK Reve w`jvg| wZwb ej‡jb, Zzwg Kvi Rb¨, Kx Ab¨vq Aby‡iva

KiQ ; LvZvUv Ly‡jB GKevi †`L bv|

Avwg †gŠjwe mve‡K Lywk Kievi Rb¨ AwbPQvm‡Ë¡I Ges Abvek¨K †ev‡aI LvZvUv Lyjjvg|

†`Ljvg : dviwm cix¶v e‡U, wKš—y LvZvi †Kv_vI GKwU dviwm nid †bB| Zvi e`‡j Vvm-

eybv‡bv evsjv ni‡d A‡bK wKQy †jLv Av‡Q| †KŠZ‚nje‡k c‡o †`Ljvg : GB e½‡`‡k dviwm

fvlv Avg`vwbi Abvek¨KZv I †Q‡j‡ì Zv wkLevi †Póvi g�L©Zv m¤^‡Ü Av yfvB hyw³c �Y© GKwU

Ô w_wmmÕ wj‡L †d‡j‡Qb|

cov †kl K‡i †gŠjwe mv‡ei gy‡Li w`‡K PvB‡ZB weR‡qi fw½‡Z ej‡jb, †`‡LQ evev

†eZwg‡Ri KvR ? Avwg wbZvš— fv‡jv gvbyl e‡jB wZb‡U b¤î w`‡qwQ, Ab¨ †KD n‡j

ivmwU‡K‡Ui mycvwik Ki‡Zv|

hv‡nvK, †kl ch©š— †gŠjwe mve Avgvi Aby‡iva Gov‡Z cvi‡jb bv| LvZvi Dci 3-Gi c„‡ô 3

ewm‡q 33 K‡i w`‡jb|

43 Avb›` cvV

Avwg wecyj Avb‡›` A‡¼i cix¶‡Ki evwo QyUjvg|

†mLv‡b Av`yfvB‡qi LvZvi Dci jvj †cwÝ‡ji GKwU cÖKvÊ f‚gÊj AuvKv i‡q‡Q| e¨vcv‡ii

¸iyZ¡ ey‡SI Avgvi D‡Ïk¨ ejjvg| A‡¼i gv÷vi †Zv †n‡mB Lyb| nvm‡Z-nvm‡Z wZwb

Av`yfvB‡qi LvZv †ei K‡i

Avgv‡K Askwe‡kl c‡o †kvbv‡jb| Zv‡Z Av`yfvB wj‡L‡Qb †h, cÖkœKZ©v fv‡jv-fv‡jv A‡¼i cÖkœ

†d‡j KZK¸‡jv ev‡R I Abvek¨K cÖkœ K‡i‡Qb| †mRb¨ Ges cÖkœKZ©vi ÎywU ms‡kva‡bi D‡Ï‡k¨

Av`yfvB wb‡RB KwZcq DrK…ó cÖkœ wj‡L Zvi weï× DËi w`‡PQÑGBiƒc f‚wgKv K‡i Av`yfvB

†h-mg¯� A¼ K‡i‡Qb, wk¶K gnvkq cÖkœcÎ I LvZv wgwj‡q Avgv‡K †`Lv‡jb †h, cÖ‡kœi m‡½

Av`yfvBi DË‡ii mwZ¨B †Kv‡bv msmªe †bB|

cÖkœc‡Îi m‡½ wgj _vK, Avi bv _vK ; LvZvq †jLv A¼ ï× n‡jB b¤î cvIqv DwPZ e‡j

Avwg wk¶‡Ki m‡½ A‡bK a¯�vaw¯� Kijvg| wk¶K gkvq, hv‡nvK, cÖgvY K‡i w`‡jb †h, ZvI

ï× nqwb|

myZivs cv‡mi b¤î w`‡Z wZwb ivwR n‡jb bv| Z‡e wZwb Avgv‡K GB Avk¦vm w`‡jb †h, Ab¨ me

mve‡R‡±i wk¶K‡ì ivwR Kiv‡Z cvi‡j wZwb Av yfvB‡qi cÖ‡gvk‡b mycvwik Ki‡Z cÖ¯� yZ

Av‡Qb|

wbZvš— welYœg‡b Ab¨vb¨ cix¶K‡ì wbK‡U †Mjvg| me©Î Ae¯’v cÖvq GKiƒc| f‚‡Mv‡ji LvZvq

wZwb wj‡L‡Qb †h, c„w_ex †MvjvKvi Ges m�‡h©i Pvwiw`‡K Nyi‡Q, Ggb MuvRvLywi Mí wZwb wek¦vm

K‡ib bv| BwZnv‡mi LvZvq wj‡L‡Qb †h, †Kvb ivRv †Kvb mgªv‡Ui cyÎ Gme K_vi †Kv‡bv cÖgvY

†bB| Bs‡iwRi LvZvq wZwb beve wmivRD‡ÏŠjv I jW© K¬vB‡fi Qwe cvkvcvwk AuvKevi †Póv

K‡i‡QbÑAek¨ †K †h wmivR, †K †h K¬vBf, wb‡P †jLv bv _vK‡j Zv †evSv †h‡Zv bv|

nZvk n‡q †nv‡÷‡j wd‡i Gjvg| Av`yfvB AvMÖn - e¨vKzj †Pv‡L Avgvi c_cv‡b †P‡q A‡c¶v

KiwQ‡jb|

Avwg wd‡i G‡m wbõjZvi Lei w`‡ZB Zuvi gyLwU d¨vKv‡k n‡q †Mj|

Z‡e Avgvi Kx n‡e fvB ? e‡j wZwb gv_vq nvZ w`‡q e‡m co‡jb|

Av`yfvB 44

wKQy GKUv Kievi Rb¨ Avgvi cÖvYI e¨vKzj n‡q DV‡jv| ejjvg, Z‡e Kx Av`yfvB, Avwg

†nWgv÷v‡ii Kv‡Q hve ?

Av`yfvB ¶wYK Avgvi w`‡K GK „‡ó ZvwK‡q †_‡K nVvr ej‡jb, Zzwg Avgvi Rb¨ hv K‡iQ,

†mRb¨ abëv`| †nWgv÷v‡ii Kv‡Q †Zvgvi wM‡q KvR †bB| †mLv‡b †h‡Z nq AvwgB hve|

†nWgv÷v‡ii Kv‡Q Rxe‡b Avwg wKQy PvBwb| GB cÖv_©bv wZwb Avgvi †dj‡Z cvi‡eb bv|

e‡jB wZwb nbnb K‡i †ewi‡q †M‡jb|

Avwg GK`„‡ó `ªyZMgbkxj Av`yfvB‡qi w`‡K †P‡q iBjvg| wZwb `„wói Avovj n‡j GKwU

`xN©wbtk¦vm †d‡j wb‡Ri Kv‡R gb w`jvg|

wZb

†mw`b eow`‡bi QywU Avi¤¢| ïay nvwRiv wj‡LB ¯‹zj QywU †`qv n‡jv|

Avwg evB‡i G‡m †`Ljvg : ¯‹z‡ji †M‡Ui mvg‡b GKwU †cv¯�vi Dci GKwU DuPz Uzj †P‡c Zvi

Dci ùvwo‡q Av`yfvB nvZ-cv †b‡o e³…Zv Ki‡Qb| QvÎiv wfo K‡i Zuvi e³…Zv ïb‡Q Ges gv‡S

gv‡S KiZvwj w`‡PQ|

Avwg †kÖvZ…gÊjxi wf‡oi g‡a¨ Xy‡K cojvg|

Av`yfvB ejwQ‡jb, nuv, cÖ‡gvkb Avwg gyLdz‡U KL‡bv PvBwb| wKš—y †mRb¨B Kx Avgv‡K cÖ‡gvkb

bv - †`qv Gu‡ì DwPZ n‡q‡Q? gyLdz‡U bv †P‡q GZw`b Avwg Gu‡ì Av‡°j cix¶v Kijvg|

Gu‡ì g‡a¨ `vbvB e‡j †Kv‡bv wRwbm Av‡Q Kx bv, Avwg Zv hvPvB Kijvg| †`Ljvg, we‡ePbv

e‡j †Kv‡bv wRwbm Gu‡ì g‡a¨ †bB| Guiv wbg©g, ü`qnxb| GKwU gvbyl †h †PvL ey‡R Gu‡ì

we‡ePbvi Dci wb‡Ri Rxeb †Q‡o w`‡q e‡m Av‡Q, Gu‡ì cÖvY e‡j †Kv‡bv wRwbm _vK‡j †mK_v

Kx Guiv GZw`b fy‡j _vK‡Z cvi‡Zb ?

Av`yfvB‡qi †PvL QjQj K‡i DV‡jv| wZwb evg nv‡Zi wcV w`‡q †PvL gy‡Q Avevi ej‡Z jvM‡jb,

Avwg Gu‡ì Kv‡Q Kx Avi we‡kl †P‡qwQjvg? ïaygvÎ GKwU cÖ‡gvkb| Zv w`‡j Gu‡ì Kx Ggb

†jvKmvb nZ? g‡b Ki‡eb bv, cÖ‡gvkb bv - †`qvq Avwg †i‡M †MwQ| ivM Avwg Kwiwb| Avwg ïay

45 Avb›` cvV

fvewQ, huv‡ì eyw×-we‡ePbvi Dci nvRvi nvRvi †Q‡ji evc - gv †Q‡j‡ì Rxe‡bi fvi w`‡q

wbwðZ _v‡Kb, Zuv‡ì Av‡°j KZ Kg| Zuv‡ì cÖv‡Yi cwimi KZ Aí!

GKUz `g wb‡q Av`yfvB Avi¤¢ Ki‡jb, Avwg eûKvj GB ¯‹z‡j cowQ| GKw`b GK cqmv gvB‡b

Kg †`Bwb| eQi-eQi bZyyb-bZyb cy¯�K I LvZv wKb‡Z AvcwË Kwiwb| fveyb, Avgvi KZ¸‡jv

UvKv wM‡q‡Q| Avwg hw` cÖ‡gvk‡bi GZB A‡hvM¨ wQjvg, Z‡e GB `xN©w`‡bi g‡a¨ GKRb

wk¶KI Avgvq †Kb ej‡jb bv, ÔAv`ywgTv, †Zvgvi cÖ‡gvk‡bi †Kv‡bv PvÝ †bB, †Zvgvi gvB‡bUv

Avgiv †be bv|Õ gvB‡b †èvi mgq †KD eviY Ki‡jb bv, cy¯�K †Kbevi mgq †KD wb‡la

Ki‡jb bv| ïay cÖ‡gvk‡bi †ejv‡ZB Zuv‡ì hZ wbqgKvbyb G‡m euvaj ? Avwg K¬vm †m‡fb cvm

Ki‡Z cvijvg bv e‡j K¬vm GB‡UI cvm Ki‡Z cviZvg bv, GB K_v Gu‡ì †K e‡j‡Q ? A‡b‡K

g¨vwÆK - AvBG - †Z †Kv‡bvg‡Z cvm K‡i weG GgG - †Z dv÷©K¬vm †c‡q‡Q, „óvš� Avwg

A‡bK †`Lv‡Z cvwi| †Kv‡bv KzMÖ‡ni †d‡iB Avwg K¬vm †m‡f‡b AvU‡K c‡owQ| GKevi

†Kv‡bvg‡Z GB K¬vmUv wW‡Ov‡Z cvi‡jB Avwg fv‡jv Ki‡Z cviZvg, GUv eySv gv÷vievey‡ì

DwPZ wQj| Avgv‡K GKevi K¬vm GB‡U cÖ‡gvkb w`‡q Avgvi jvB‡di GKUv PvÝ Guiv w`‡jb bv!

Av`yfvB‡qi KÉ‡iva n‡q Gj| wZwb LvwbK †_‡g aywZi Luy‡U bvK-†PvL gy‡Q wb‡jb| †`Ljvg,

†kÖvZ…M‡Yi A‡b‡Ki Mvj †e‡q cvwb Mwo‡q co‡Q|

Mjv cwi®‹vi K‡i Av`yfvB Avevi ïiy Ki‡jb, Avwg KL‡bv GZme K_v ewjwb, Av‡Rv ejZvg

bv| ejjvg ïay GBRb¨ †h, Avgvi eo‡Q‡j Gevi K¬vm †m‡f‡b cÖ‡gvkb †c‡q‡Q| †m - I GB

¯‹z‡jB co‡Zv| GB ¯‹z‡ji wk¶K‡ì we‡ePbvq Avgvi Av¯’v †bB e‡jB Avwg MZeviB Avgvi

†Q‡j‡K Ab¨ ¯‹z‡j UªvÝdvi K‡i w`‡qwQjvg| h_vmg‡q GB mZK©Zv Aej¤^b bv Ki‡j, AvR

Avgv‡K Kx Acgv‡bi gy‡L co‡Z n‡Zv, Zv AvcbvivB wePvi Kiyb|

Av`yfvB‡qi kixi KuvUv w`‡q DV‡jv| wZwb Mjvq `„pZv G‡b Avevi ej‡Z ïiy Ki‡jb, wKš—y

Avwg mZ¨‡K Rqhy³ KieB| Avwg GKw`b K¬vm GB‡U ...

GB mgq ¯‹z‡ji `v‡ivqvb G‡m mfv †f‡O w`j| Avwg Av yfvB‡qi „wó Gwo‡q Py‡cPy‡c m‡i

cojvg|

Zvici †hgb n‡q _v‡KÑmsmvi-mvM‡ii cÖej †mªv‡Z †K †Kv_vq †f‡m †Mjvg, †KD Rvbjvg bv|

Av`yfvB 46

Pvi

Avwg †mevi weG cix¶v †è| Lye gb w`‡q cowQjvg| nVvr jvj †jdvdvi GK cÎ †cjvg| KviI

we‡qi wbgš�YcÎ n‡e g‡b K‡i Lyjjvg| SiS‡i ZKZ‡K †mvbvwj ni‡d Qvcv cÎ| cÎ‡jLK

Av`yfvB| wZwb wj‡L‡Qb, wZwb †mevi K¬vm †m‡fb †_‡K K¬vm GB‡U cÖ‡gvkb †c‡q‡Qb e‡j

eÜzevÜe‡ì Rb¨ wKQy Wvjfv‡Zi eë¯’v K‡i‡Qb|

†`Ljvg, ZvwiL A‡bK Av‡MB P‡j wM‡q‡Q| evwo Ny‡i G‡m‡Q e‡j cÎ †`wi‡Z †c‡qwQ|

QvcvwPwVi m‡½ nv‡Zi †jLv GKwU cÎ| Av`yfvBi cyÎ wj‡L‡Q, evevi Lye AmyL, Avcbv‡K

†`L‡eb Zuvi †kl mva|

cov‡kvbv †d‡j Qy‡U †Mjvg Av`yfvB‡K †`L‡Z| GB PvieQi Zuvi †Kv‡bv Lei wbBwb e‡j j¾v-

AbyZv‡c †QvU n‡q hvw”Qjvg|

†Q‡j †Ku‡` ej‡jv, evev gviv wM‡q‡Qb| cÖ‡gvk‡bi Rb¨ wZwb Gevi w`bivZ Ggb cov‡kvbv ïiy

K‡iwQ‡jb †h, kh¨v wb‡jb Zey cov Qvo‡jb bv| Avgiv mevB Zuvi Rxeb m¤^‡Ü fq †cjvg|

cvovmy× †jvK wM‡q †nWgv÷vi‡K aivq wZwb ¯^qs G‡m evev‡K cÖ‡gvk‡bi Avk¦vm w`‡jb| evev

AmyL wb‡qB cvjwK P‡o ¯‹z‡j wM‡q ï‡q-ï‡q cix¶v w`‡jb| Av‡Mi K_vg‡Zv Zv‡K cÖ‡gvkb

†`qv n‡jv| wZwb Zuvi ÔcÖ‡gvkb DrmeÕ D`&hvcb Kievi Rb¨ Avgv‡K ûKzg w`‡jb| Kv‡K-Kv‡K

wbgš�Y Ki‡Z n‡e, Zvi wj÷I wZwb wbRnv‡Z K‡i w`‡jb| wKš—y †mB Drm‡e huviv †hvM w`‡Z

G‡jb, Zuviv mevB Zuvi RvbvRv c‡o evwo wdi‡jb|

Avwg †Pv‡Li cvwb gy‡Q Ke‡ii Kv‡Q †h‡Z PvBjvg|

†Q‡j Avgv‡K †Mvi¯�v‡b wb‡q †Mj| †`Ljvg, Av`yfvB‡qi Ke‡i †Lv`vB-Kiv gv‡e©j cv_‡ii

U¨ve‡j‡U †jLv i‡q‡Q :

Here sleeps Adu Mia who was promoted

from Class VII to Class VIII.

†Q‡j ejj, evevi †kl B”Qvg‡ZvB I-eë¯’v Kiv n‡q‡Q|

47 Avb›` cvV

†jLK-cwiwPwZ

gqgbwmsn †Rjvi wÎkvj _vbvi Aš—M©Z avbx‡Lvjv MÖv‡g 1898 mv‡ji 3iv †m‡Þ¤î (1305

e½v‡ãi 19†k fv`ª) GK ga¨weË K…lK cwiev‡i Aveyj gbmyi Avng` Rš§MÖnY K‡ib| Zuvi

wcZvi bvg Avãyi iwng divhx Ges gvZvi bvg gxi Rvnvb LvZyb| avbx‡Lvjv MÖv‡g divhx-

cwievi‡K ag©xq HwZ‡nï aviK e‡j g‡b Kiv n‡Zv| MÖv‡gi AwaKvsk RbmvaviYB wQ‡jb

†Muvov gyn¤§w` m¤cÖ`vqfz³| GgbB GK ag©xq KovKwo cvwievwiK HwZ‡nï g‡a¨ Zuvi ˆkke I

ˆK‡kvi †K‡U‡Q| Zuvi wk¶vRxe‡bi ïiy nq cuvP eQi eq‡m PvPv gybwm QwgiywÏ‡bi g³‡e

evM`vw` Kvq`v, Avg-wmcviv I †Kvivb kwid wk¶vi gva¨‡g| 1906 mv‡j wZwb Rwg`vi

KvQvwi‡Z cvVkvjvq fwZ© nb|

1908 mvj ch©š— GLv‡b cov‡kvbv †k‡l 1909 mv‡j `wiivgcyi gvBbi ¯‹z‡j fwZ© nb| GLv‡b

6ô †kÖwY ch©š— c‡ob| Gici 1913 mv‡ji Rvbyqvwi gv‡m bvwmivev` kn‡ii g„Zy Äq we`¨vj‡q

cÖ‡ek K‡ib| G ¯‹zj †_‡K 1917 mv‡j cuvP UvKv †gvnmxb e„wËmn cÖ_g wefv‡M g¨vwÆK cvm

K‡ib| 1919 mv‡j XvKvi RMbœv_ K‡jR †_‡K cÖ_g wefv‡M AvBG cvm K‡ib| 1921 mv‡j

XvKv K‡jR †_‡K weG Ges 1929 mv‡j KjKvZvi wicb j K‡jR †_‡K cÖ_g wefv‡M j cvm

K‡ib| wZwb †ckvq wQ‡jb GKRb weL¨vZ mvsevw`K I mvwnwZ¨K| Zuvi †jLv L¨vZbvgv MÖš’¸‡jv

n‡jv : ÔûRyi †KejvÕ, ÔbqvcvovÕ, ÔAvqbvÕ, ÔAvmgvbx c`©vÕ, ÔdzW Kbdv‡iÝÕ, ÔMvwjfv‡ii

mdibvgvÕ BZ¨vw`| 1979 mv‡ji 18B gvP© wZwb g„ZzëiY K‡ib|

mvi-ms‡¶c

Av`yfvB bv‡g GK QvÎ K¬vm †m‡f‡b coZ| cov‡jLvq †m fv‡jv bv n‡jI Pvj-Pjb, AvPvi-

eënvi, Avè-Kvq`vq wQj mevi Dc‡i| we`¨vj‡qi wbqgKvbyb memgq †g‡b Pj‡Zv| wKš—y †m

KL‡bvB evwl©K cix¶vq cvm Ki‡Z cvi‡Zv bv| d‡j eQ‡ii ci eQi †m K¬vm †m‡f‡bB _vK‡Zv|

Zvi mncvVxiv cvm K‡i †KD †KD H we`¨vj‡q wk¶KZv Ki‡Q| †KD Ab¨Î fv‡jv PvKwi Ki‡Q|

wKš—y Av`yfvB H K¬vm †m‡f‡bB c‡o Av‡Q| †m cÖ‡gvk‡bi Rb¨ KviI Kv‡Q †Kv‡bvw`b Av‡e`b

K‡iwb| wKš—y GKw`b †`Lv †Mj †m cÖ‡gvk‡bi Rb¨ e¨vKzj n‡q DV‡jv| KviY †m-eQi Zvi

†Q‡jI K¬vm †m‡f‡b cÖ‡gvkb †c‡q‡Q| Zvi ¯¿xi AvcwËi Kvi‡Y †m cÖ‡gvkb †c‡Z †P‡qwQj|

wKš—y Zv‡Z jvf nqwb| Gi wKQyw`b ci Av yfvB K‡Vvi cwikÖg K‡i w`bivZ cov‡kvbv K‡i

Av`yfvB 48

Aóg †kÖwY‡Z cÖ‡gvkb †c‡qwQj| wKš—y AwZwi³ LvUzwbi d‡j kix‡i k³ †ivM evmv euv‡a| d‡j

wKQyw`b c‡iB Av yfvB gviv hvq|

kãv_© I UxKv

Zvw”Qj¨ Ñ ZyPQ Ávb; AkÖ×v; AeÁv| Abvw`Kvj Ñ Avw`Kvj †_‡K; eûKvj a‡i| wbe©yw×Zv Ñ

we‡kl Ávb †bB Ggb; wb‡e©va| w_wmmÑ wbeÜ; Awfm›`f©| †eZwgR Ñ Awkó; †eqv`e;

wkóvPviÁvb ewR©Z| f‚gÊj Ñ c„w_ex; f‚fvM| msmªe Ñ ms‡hvM; m¤cK©; m¤^Ü| cix¶K Ñ

cix¶v K‡i Ggb; cix¶vKvix| d¨vKv‡kÑ weeY©; cvÊyeY©; Aby¾¡j; `xwßnxb|

Abykxjbx

enywbe©vPwb cÖkœ

1. wk¶KMY Zv‡K Av yfvB e‡j WvK‡ZbÑ

K. m¤§vb K‡i L. Av`i K‡i

M. we`ªyc K‡i N. gh©v`v i¶v K‡i

2. ÔAvR †nvK, Kvj †nvK, cÖ‡gvkb Avgv‡K w`‡ZB n‡eÕÑ Av yfvB-Gi G Dw³‡Z cÖKvk

†c‡q‡Q Av yfvB Gi

i. `¤¢fve

ii. AvZ¥wek¦vm

iii `„pcÖZ¨q


K. i L. ii

M. i I iii N. ii I iii

49 Avb›` cvV

wb‡Pi AskUzKz co Ges 3-5 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI

Av`yfvB GKB †kªwY‡Z eQ‡ii ci eQi covïbv Ki‡jI KLbB cÖ‡gvkb cvb bv| wKš—y Ab¨vb¨

¸Yvewji Rb¨ †m wQj mK‡ji wcÖqfvRb| Zvi wbqgvbyewZ©Zv I k„•Ljv‡ev‡ai Rb¨ wZwb cªwZeQi

cyi¯‹…Z n‡Zb|

3. Av`yfvB †Kvb †kªwYi QvÎ wQ‡jb ?

K. 6ó L. 7g

M. 8g N. 9g

4. Ab¨vb¨ ¸Yvewj ej‡Z GLv‡b eySv‡bv n‡q‡Q -

i . kvš— I f ª

ii. mZ¨ev`x I PwiÎevb

iii. nv‡m¨v¾¡j I c‡ivcKvix

wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK

K. i L. i I ii

M. iii N. i, ii I iii

5. K¬v‡m Lvivc QvÎ n‡qI KZ©„c‡¶i m`q `„wó AvKl©Y Kiv m¤¢eÑ

K. wbqg-k„•Ljv †g‡b Pjvi gva¨‡g

L. †Ljvayjvq fv‡jv cvi`k©x n‡j

M. kvš—-¯^fvemyjf AvPi‡Yi gva¨‡g

N. mvs¯‹…wZK Kvh©µ‡g cvi`k©x n‡j

m„Rbkxj cÖkœ

1. Av`yfvB Acivaxi b¨vq D‡ØM-Kw¤úZ I ms‡KvP-RwoZ cu¨vP-†gvPo w`‡q hv ej‡jb,

Zvi gg© GB †h cÖ‡gvk‡bi Rb¨ GZw`b wZwb KviI Kv‡Q wKQy e‡jbwb, KviY cÖ‡gvkb

wRwbmUv‡K h_vmg‡qi c~‡e© GwM‡q AvbvUv wZwb cQ›` K‡ib bv| wKš—y GKUv we‡kl

Av`yfvB 50

Kvi‡Y Gevi Zv‡K cÖ‡gvkb †c‡ZB n‡e| †m wbR©bZvqI wZwb Avgvi Kv‡bi Kv‡Q gyL

G‡b †mB KviYwU ej‡jb|

K. G eQi Av`yfvB cÖ‡gvk‡bi Rb¨ GZ e¨vKzj †Kb ?

L. Av`yfvB-Gi Acivax, D‡ØM-Kw¤úZ I ms‡KvPgq nevi KviY eY©bv Ki|

M. AwZ wbR©bZvqI Kv‡b Kv‡b K_v ejvi cÖeYZv KLb j¶ Kiv hvqÑ D×„Zvs‡ki

Av‡jv‡K eY©bv Ki|

N. D×„Zvs‡k Av`yfvB-Gi †h `„wófw½ j¶ Kiv hvq Zvi ¯îƒc we‡k −lY Ki|

2. UyUyj cvuP eQi hver 10g †kªwY‡Z Aa¨qb Ki‡Q| †jLvcovq Lvivc n‡jI †Ljvayjvq Zvi

h‡_ó mybvg i‡q‡Q| Zvi Kvi‡YB Zv‡ì ¯‹yj cÖwZeQi dyUe‡j RvZxq P¨vw¤úqb nq|

GRb¨ Ghver Zvi cÖ‡gvkb †c‡Z †Zgb Kó †c‡Z nqwb| wKš—y 10g †kªwYi wbe©vPbx

cix¶vq cÖavbwk¶K Zv‡K P‚ovš— cix¶vi Rb¨ wbe©vPb Ki‡Z bvivR, eis Zv‡K wUwm

wb‡q we‡KGmwc‡Z fwZ© nevi civgk© †`b|

K. D×„Zvs‡k ewY©Z UyUyj-Gi Kx cÖwZfv j¶ Kiv hvq ?

L. D×„Zvs‡k UyUyj‡K P~ovš— cix¶vi Rb¨ wbe©vPb Ki‡Z cÖavbwk¶K †Kb ivwR bbÑ

eY©bv Ki|

M. D×„Zvs‡ki UyUy‡ji mv‡_ †Zvgvi cwVZ Av`yfvB-Gi Kx mv`„k¨ ev êmv`„k¨ j¶Yxq-

hyw³mn Dc¯_vcb Ki|

N. UyUyj‡K cÖavbwk¶K we‡KGmwc‡Z fwZ© nevi civgk© †`qvi Zvrch© we‡k−lY Ki|

51 Avb›` cvV

Aj¶z‡Y Ry‡Zv †gvnv¤§` bvwmi Avjx

A‡bK Kvj Av‡Mi K_v| Avjx Avey Av¤§yix bv‡g GKRb abx‡jvK evm KiZ evM`v` kn‡i|

kn‡ii Ic‡i Zvi †hgb wQj GKLvbv PgrKvi evwo, †Zgwb wQj h‡_ó UvKv-cqmv| kn‡i mevB

Zv‡K abx e‡j Rvb‡Zv| wKš—y we‡`kx †KD nVvr G‡m Zvi RvgvKvco †`‡L †gv‡UB aviYv

Ki‡Z cviZ bv †h, †jvKUv mwZ¨ abx|

Zvi cvovcowkiv cÖvqB ejvewj Ki‡Zv : Avjx Avey abx n‡e bv †Kb ? †jvKUv wb‡Ri Rb¨ GKwU

w`bviI e¨q K‡i bv| †P‡q `¨v‡Lv GKevi Ii Ry‡Zv‡Rvovi w`‡K, Zvn‡jB eyS‡Z cvi‡e I abx

n‡q‡Q Kx K‡i| e‡jB Zviv nvm‡Z _vK‡Zv|

Avjx Aveyi cv‡qi bvMivB Ry‡Zv wb‡q evM`v` kn‡ii wkïiv Aewa nvmvnvwm K‡i| nvm‡e

bv-B-ev †Kb? Ggb GK‡Rvov cy‡iv‡bv Ry‡Zv mviv evM`v` kn‡i †KD Ly u‡R cv‡e bv|

†KD †KD e‡j, I GK‡Rvov

Ry‡Zv c‡i Avjx Avey wR‡›`wM Kvevi K‡i w`‡q‡Q|

wKš—y GK‡Rvov Ry‡Zv Kx K‡i GZw`b wUK‡Z cv‡i ? nu¨v, Avjx Aveyi Ry‡Zvi †Kv‡bv RvqMvq GKwU dy‡Uv n‡jB †m †e‡ivq gywPi mÜv‡b|

evM`v‡`i gywPivI Zv‡K wP‡b †d‡j‡Q| Zv‡K †`L‡jB Zviv e‡j I‡V, I‡Z Avi Zvwj jvMv‡bv Pj‡e bv mv‡ne, IUv ev` w`‡q GK‡Rvov bZyb Ry‡Zv wKbyb|

Avjx Avey wKš—y †m K_vq Kvb †`q bv| †m Avi GK gywPi Kv‡Q hvq| Ggwb K‡i Nyi‡Z Nyi‡Z †KD nq‡Zv GKUv Zvwj jvwM‡q †`q| Ggwb K‡i Avjx Aveyi bvMivB Ry‡Zv mK‡ji cwiwPZ n‡q DVj| GgbwK eÜyiv G‡K Aci‡K ej‡Z jvM‡jv, Avjx Aveyi bvMivB Ry‡Zvi g‡Zv †Zvgvi cigvqy †nvK|

wKš—y Ae‡k‡l †mB weL¨vZ Ry‡ZvB Avjx Aveyi `yf©v‡M¨i KviY n‡q DV‡jv| kn‡ii iv¯�vq †ewi‡q GKw`b †m hvw”Qj GK Kv‡Pi wkwk-†evZ‡ji †`vKv‡bi cvk w`‡q| †`vKvwb Zv‡K †`‡L e‡j DV‡jv, GB †h Avey fvB, Avcbvi Rb¨ GKUv †Lvk-Lei Av‡Q| we‡`wk GK mI`vMi G‡m‡Q, A‡bK¸‡jv AvZ‡ii wkwk †eP‡Z| PgrKvi iwOb dzjKvUv wkwk| †gv‡U 50 w`bvi `vg| wK‡b GKgvm N‡i ivL‡j Zvi `vg Kg-†m-Kg GK‡kv w`bvi w`‡qB Avwg †be| Avgvi e`bwme †h GLb GKwU w`bviI nv‡Z †bB|

Agb jv‡fi †jvf †K mvgjv‡Z cv‡i, mvgjv‡bv mnR e¨vcvi bq| Avjx Aveyi ivZw`b wPš—vB n‡”Q, Kx K‡i UvKv evov‡bv hvq| Kv‡RB †m Zr¶Yvr iwOb wkwk¸‡jv wK‡b evwo wb‡q †Mj|

w`bK‡qK c‡i Av‡iK eÜy G‡m Lei w`j, GKUv †jvK G‡m‡Q emivB †MvjvcRj †eP‡Z| PgrKvi wRwbm wKš—y `vg G‡Kev‡i m¯�v| wKQyw`b c‡iB Gi `vg `yB¸Y-wZb¸Y n‡Z eva¨| Avi †Zvgvi †mB iwOb wkwk fwZ© K‡i †eP‡j, PvB wK Pvi¸YI †c‡Z cv‡iv| Avnv Kx †Mvjvc !

UvKv evovevi Kx Ag�j¨ my‡hvM| †hvMv‡hvMUv PgrKviÑiwOb wkwk, Zv‡Z †MvjvcRj| Avjx Avey 50 w`bvi w`‡q †MvjvcRj wK‡b wb‡q G‡jv|

wkwk¸‡jv †MvjvcR‡j fwZ© K‡i †m hZœ K‡i †i‡L w`j Rvbvjv eivei GKUv Zv‡Ki Dci| wkwk-†evZj ivLvi c‡¶ GB RvqMvUvB Zvi evwo‡Z me‡P‡q wbivc`|

Aí K‡qKw`‡bi wfZi `y-`y‡Uv jv‡fi Kvievi Ki‡Z †c‡i Avjx Aveyi gb Lywk‡Z AvULvbv|

†mw`b `ycyi‡ejv †m kn‡ii nv¤§v‡g wM‡q XyKj †Mvmj Ki‡Z| wVK †m mg‡q nv¤§vg †_‡K †Mvmj †m‡i †ewi‡q AvmwQj Igi web Avw` bv‡g Zvi GK eÜy| Avjx Avey‡K †`‡LB †m e‡j DV‡jv, Avm&mvjv‡gv AvjvBKyg, Avey fvB|

Aj¶z‡Y Ry‡Zv 53

Avjx Avey mv‡_ mv‡_ Reve w`j| Ggb mgq Ig‡ii bRi coj Aveyi Ry‡Zvi Ici| abx eÜyi

Ry‡Zvi G `y ©kv †`‡L †m gv_v †b‡o ejj, fvB Avjx Avey, †Zvgvi †Zv gv-kvj −vn UvKv-cqmvi

KgwZ †bB| GK‡Rvov bZyb Ry‡Zv †Kb Zywg wKb‡Qv bv fvB ? mvivUv evM`v` kni Lyu‡RI †Zvgvi

bvMivB Ry‡Zvi kvwgj Avi GK‡Rvov Ry‡Zv †KD †ei Ki‡Z cvi‡e bv| mwZ¨ ejwQ, †Zvgvi G

Ry‡Zv‡K Gevi †cbkb w`‡q GK‡Rvov bZy‡bi eë¯’v Kiv DwPZ|

GB e‡j Igi web Avw` gv_v bvo‡Z bvo‡Z †ewi‡q †Mj| Avey †Kv‡bv Reve bv w`‡q ïay gyPwK

nvm‡jv|

†Mvmj †m‡i Kvco-Rvgv c‡i Avey evB‡i G‡m †`Lj, Zvi Ry‡Zv‡Rvov RvqMvg‡Zv ivLv †bB|

Avm‡j †jv‡Ki cv‡qi av°vq ` �‡i GK †ewÂi Zjvq `yLvbv Ry‡Zv `ycv‡k c‡o Av‡Q| Aveyi

cy‡iv‡bv Ry‡Zv †hLv‡b wQj, †mLv‡b c‡o Av‡Q GK‡Rvov `vwg PKP‡K bZyb Ry‡Zv| PgrKvi

Ry‡Zv, ZvI wVK Aveyi cv‡qi gv‡ci|

Avey ZLb g‡b g‡b fvej, Avgvi eÜy Ig‡iiB G KvR| †m-B bZyb Ry‡Zv‡Rvov wK‡b Avgv‡K

Dcnvi w`‡q †M‡Q| GRb¨B gv_v bvowQj Igi| cÖvY Ly‡j eÜy‡K abëv` Rvwb‡q Avey bZyb Ry‡Zv

cv‡q w`‡q evwo P‡j †M‡jv|

Avm‡j Aveyi Abygvb wKš—y †gv‡UB mZ¨ bq| Ry‡Zv‡Rvov wQj kn‡ii KvwRi| Aveyi g‡Zv wZwbI

Ry‡Zv †Q‡o nv¤§v‡g Xy‡KwQ‡jb †Mvmj Kievi Rb¨| evB‡i G‡m Kvco cvjUv‡Z wM‡q wZwb

†`L‡jb, Ry‡Zv †bB †mLv‡b| †`‡LB wZwb wPrKvi K‡i DV‡jb, Avgvi Ry‡Zv Kx n‡jv?

KvwRi Ry‡Zv wb‡LuvR ? †LuvR †LuvR mvov c‡o †Mj Z¶ywb| Pviw`‡K Lyu‡R †c‡Z Ae‡k‡l cvIqv †Mj Avjx Aveyi iO‡ei‡Oi ZvwjIqvjv †mB bvMivB †Rvov|

†mB Ry‡Zv wPb‡Z KviI evwK iBj bv| ZvwjIqvjv †mB Ry‡Zv evM`v` kn‡ii †K bv †P‡b ?

G Ry‡Zv †mB KgeLZ Avjx Aveyi bv n‡q hvq bv| Avgvi bZyb Ry‡Zv wb‡q †m-B cvwj‡q‡Q| nv‡Z-bv‡Z Gfv‡e bv ai‡j †K fve‡Z cv‡i †h, e¨vUv Ry‡Zv‡Pvi? e¨vUv‡K a‡i G‡b Av”Qv mvRv w`‡Z n‡e AvR|

Ñ e‡j KvwR wPrKvi Ki‡Z jvM‡jb|

Zvici †jvKRb‡ì †W‡K cy‡iv‡bv Ry‡Zv cvwV‡q w`‡jb Avjx Aveyi evwo‡Z| Zviv wM‡q †`L‡Z †cj, mwZ¨ mwZ¨ Avjx Aveyi cv‡q KvwRi †mB bZyb Ry‡Zv|

54 Avb›` cvV

Avi hvq †Kv_vq ? Uvb‡Z Uvb‡Z Zviv †ePviv Avjx Avey‡K nvwRi Ki‡jv KvwRi ìev‡i| KvwR †i‡M ej‡jb, G¶ywb Ii wc‡V `k †`viiv gv‡iv| †g‡i wb‡q hvI K‡q`Lvbvq| nvRvi w`bvi Rwigvbv w`‡j Z‡e Ii gyw³|

e¨vcviUv †h fyjekZ: n‡q †M‡Q Avey Zv †evSv‡Z evievi †Póv Ki‡jv| wKš� y †K ïb‡e ZLb Zvi K_v| Ae‡k‡l †Kej GK nvRvi w`bvi Rwigvbv w`‡q Avjx Avey †m hvÎv i¶v †cj|

evwo wd‡i Avm‡Z Avm‡Z †m fvej, †h Acqv Ry‡Zvi Rb¨ GZUv nqivwb Avi †eB¾wZ, Zvi gyL Avi Rxe‡b †`L‡Z PvB‡b| AvR evwo wM‡q I-`y‡Uv‡K †kl Ki‡Z n‡e|

GB †f‡e Avey evwo wd‡i Zvi bvMivB †Rvov wb‡q G‡jv b`xi Zx‡i| Zvici evwo †_‡K †ek LvwbK ` �‡i GKUv cy‡ji Ici ùvwo‡q GK GK K‡i y-cvwU Ry‡ZvB Qyu‡o †djj b`x‡Z|

wKšy— †mw`b weKv‡j NUj GK KvÊ| GK †R‡j G‡m b`x‡Z Rvj †dj‡ZB gv‡Qi cwie‡Z© mkix‡i D‡V

Gj Aveyi †mB weL¨vZ bvMivB †Rvov| n‡iK iK‡gi Pvgovi Zvwj jvMv‡bv Ry‡Zv wPb‡Z †R‡ji †`wi n‡jv bv| †mev‡ii L¨v‡c Rv‡j gvQ bv DV‡jI †m wKš—y g‡b g‡b LywkB n‡jv| evwo wd‡i eD‡K ej‡jv, Avjx Avey abx gvbylÑ GZw`‡bi Ry‡Zv‡Rvov †diZ †c‡j Kg K‡iI y-w`bvi eKwkk wbðq †`‡e|

`yt‡Li welq, †R‡j hLb Avjx Aveyi evwo Ry‡Zv wb‡q nvwRi n‡jv, ZLb evwo‡Z †KD wQj bv| N‡ii ìRv¸‡jv me eÜ| ïay GKUv Rvbvjv †Lvjv wQj| ZvI wQj A‡bK DuPy‡Z| †R‡j g‡b g‡b ej‡jv, GB wb‡q Avi ZKwjd K‡i wd‡i hvIqv hv‡e bv| Zvi †P‡q Rvbvjv w`‡q Qy‡o w`‡jB Avey G‡m Zvi Ry‡Zv †c‡q Lywk n‡e| c‡i hLb †`Lv n‡e, ZLb ej‡jB n‡e †h, Avwg †c‡qwQjvg IUv| eKwkkUvI ZLb †P‡q †bqv hv‡e|

GB e‡j Rvbvjv w`‡q Ry‡Zv y-Lvbv Qy‡o gvi‡ZB †m¸‡jv wM‡q coj †MvjvcR‡ji wkwki Ici| Zvi d‡j Zv‡Ki me¸‡jv wkwk gvwU‡Z c‡o †f‡O †Mj|

iv‡Î evwo wd‡i Aveyi †Zv P¶z PoKMvQ| gv_v Pvc‡o †m †Ku‡` DV‡jv| Avevi †mB Acqv Ry‡Zvi KxwZ©| Kx e`bwmeB n‡q‡Q Avgvi| AvRB, G¶zwbB, G Aj¶z‡Y Ry‡Zvi nvZ †_‡K †h K‡iB †nvK †invB †c‡Z n‡e|

GB e‡j evMv‡bi GKcv‡k †`qv‡ji av‡i wM‡q †m gvwU Lyuo‡Z jvM‡jv| Auvav‡i ZLb wKQyB †`Lv hvq bv| wKš—y Kvj †fvi Aewa A‡c¶v Kievi gZb g‡bi Ae¯’v Aveyi †gv‡UB †bB| †Pvi †hgb Auvav‡i wmua Kv‡U AveyI †Zgwb Auvav‡iB gvwU Lyuo‡Z jvM‡jv|


†`qv‡ji cv‡k kã ï‡b cv‡ki evwoi †jv‡Kiv G‡jv Av‡jv wb‡q| G‡m †`Lj Aveyi KvÊ| Zviv

ejj, GB †Zvgvi KxwZ©! Auvav‡i e‡m †`qv‡ji Zjvq myo½ †K‡U Avgv‡ì me©¯^ Pywi Kivi

gZje ? P‡jv G¶zwb KvwRi Kv‡Q|

Gevi KvwR Zv‡K †`‡LB e‡j DV‡jb, Avevi Pywi ! Kw`b Av‡M Avgvi Ry‡Zv Pywi K‡i Rwigvbv

w`‡qQ| Gevi eywS eo iK‡gi uvI gvievi gZj‡e wQ‡j ?

GB e‡j Avey‡K K_v ejevi my‡hvM bv w`‡qB KvwR Zv‡K K‡q`Lvbvq cvwV‡q w`‡jb|

evwo G‡m †m fvej-`y-evi `y-nvRvi w`bvi Rwigvbv w`‡q †Rj LvUvi nvZ †_‡K †invB †cjvg|

wKš—y Ry‡Zvi nvZ †_‡K †invB bv †c‡j Pj‡e bv| GB Aj¶z‡Y Ry‡Zv evwoi evi Ki‡ZB n‡e|

A‡bK †f‡ewP‡š— Gevi †m Ry‡Zv‡Rvov †d‡j G‡jv b`©gvq| evwo wd‡i ï‡q ï‡q fve‡Z jvM‡jv, GZw`‡b mwZ¨B †invB †cjvg| b`©gvq †KD Rvj †dj‡Z Avm‡e bv|

c‡ii w`b †fv‡i Svoy vi G‡jv b`©gv cwi®‹vi Ki‡Z| G‡m †`L‡jv GK‡Rvov †Quov Ry‡Zv AvU‡K b`©gv eÜ n‡q Av‡Q| ejv evûj¨, Ry‡Zvi gvwjK‡K wPb‡Z †eM †c‡Z n‡jv bv| gqjv Ry‡Zv‡Rvov †m Aveyi evwoi ìRvq †i‡L P‡j †Mj|

Aveyi Nyg fvO‡Z evB‡i G‡m †`L‡jv, Avevi †mB Ry‡Zv| Avey gv_vq nvZ w`‡q e‡m co‡jv| Gevi Kx Ki‡e ZvB e‡m †m fve‡Z jvM‡jv|

iv¯�v w`‡q GK KyKyi hvwPQj Qy‡U| nVvr Aveyi evwoi Kv‡Q G‡mB †_‡g coj| Zvici gvwU ïuK‡Z ïuK‡Z GwM‡q G‡jv Ry‡Zvi Kv‡Q| G‡mB GKcvwU Ry‡Zv gy‡L wb‡q †`-QyU|

AMZ¨v AveyI QyUj KyKyi‡K Zvov K‡i| QyU‡Z QyU‡Z mvg‡b coj GKUv †`qvj| KzKzi †`qvj Uc‡K †h‡ZB Ry‡ZvUv dm&‡K wM‡q coj †`qv‡ji Icv‡k GKUv †QvU †Q‡ji gv_vq| Aveyi fvix Ry‡Zvi Nv‡q †Q‡j AÁvb n‡q coj| evwo‡Z ˆn-ˆP c‡o †Mj| mevB G‡jv Qy‡U|

Zvici Avevi †mB KvwRi ìevi| Avey‡K †`‡L KvwR †i‡M D‡V ej‡jb, †Q‡jUvi wPwKrmvi me UvKv †Zv w`‡ZB n‡e, ZvQvov mgcwigvY UvKv †LmviZI w`‡Z n‡e|

†ePviv Gevi †Ku‡`B †djj| `yevi Rwigvbv Avi wkwki Kviev‡i †jvKmvb w`‡q Aveyi nv‡Z bM` UvKv-cqmv wKQyB wQj bv| ZvB Gevi Zv‡K av°v mvgjv‡Z n‡jv eÜyevÜ‡ei Kv‡Q avi K‡i|

G NUbvi w`b yB c‡i Avey G‡m nvwRi n‡jv KvwRi ìev‡i| KvwR †Zv Zv‡K †`‡LB AevK| †mw`‡K j¶ bv K‡i Zvwj †`qv Ry‡Zv‡Rvov KvwRi mvg‡b †i‡L Avey ejj, Gevi Avgvi dwiqv`

56 Avb›` cvV

ivL‡Z n‡e ûRyi| Avgvi GB Ry‡Zv‡Rvovi weiy‡× dwiqv`| G Aj¶y‡Y Ry‡Zvi Kvi‡Y Avgvi hv-wKQy `y‡f©vM N‡U‡Q, Zv ï‡b nK Bbmvd Kiyb, K‡i †`vlxi mvRv w`b|

KvwR AevK n‡q †P‡q iBj| †jvKUv Zvgvkv Ki‡Q bv wK ! Avey Avevi ej‡Z jvM‡jv, Avwg mwZ¨

ejwQ nyRyi| Avgvi ey‡oveq‡m mewKQy y‡f©v‡Mi g �j IB †Quov Ry‡Zv‡Rvov| G `y‡Uv‡K Ggbfv‡e

K‡q` K‡i ivLyb hv‡Z Avgvi bR‡i Avi bv c‡o|

GB e‡j †m G‡K G‡K KvwR‡K me K_v Ly‡j ejj|

Aveyi `y‡f©v‡Mi K_v ï‡b KvwRi fxlY nvwm †cj| nvm‡Z nvm‡Z wZwb ej‡jb, mwZ¨B Zywg

Ry‡Zvi e‡`Šj‡Z Kó †fvM KiQ †`L‡Z cvwPQ| hvI †Zvgvi Rwigvbvi UvKv me †diZ †èvi

nyKyg w`jvg| ZvQvov G Ry‡Zv Avi †Zvgv‡K †`L‡Z n‡e bv|

KvwR mwZ¨B `qvjy wQ‡jb| wZwb Aveyi `y-nvRvi w`bvi mv‡_ mv‡_ †diZ w`‡q w`‡jb|

Ry‡Zv‡Rvovi fv‡M¨ Kx N‡UwQj †KD ej‡Z cv‡i bv| wKš—y Aveyi cv‡q †m¸‡jv‡K Avi †`Lv

hvqwb|

†jLK-cwiwPwZ

1910 mv‡ji 10B Rvbyqvwi †gvnv¤§` bvwmi Avjx XvKv †Rjvi weµgcy‡ii avB`v Mªv‡g Rb¥MªnY K‡ib| Zuvi wcZv nvq`vi Avjx wQ‡jb GKRb eëmvqx| wZwb †ZwjievM Kvjx‡gvnb-`yM©v‡gvnb Bbw÷wUDU †_‡K G›U«v›m (1926) Ges XvKv wek¦we`¨vjq †_‡K weKg. (1931) cvm K‡ib| Zvici PvKwii mÜv‡b KwjKvZvq hvb| 1933 mv‡j wZwb KwjKvZv nvB‡Kv‡U© Abyev`K wn‡m‡e †hvM`vb K‡ib| cieZx©Kv‡j ˆ`wbK B‡ËdvK cwÎKvi wkïwefv‡Mi cwiPvj‡Ki `vwqZ¡ cvjb K‡ib| cvwK¯�vb cÖwZôvi ci XvKvq G‡m nvB‡Kv‡U©i PvKwi‡Z †hvM`vb K‡ib Ges 1967 mv‡j Aem‡i hvb| Aek¨ Gi Av‡MB 1949 mv‡j wZwb bI‡ivR wKZvwe¯�vb bv‡g GKwU cÖKvkbv cÖwZôvb ˆZwi K‡ib Ges cy¯�K eëmv Pvwj‡q hvb| 1952 mv‡j ˆ`wbK AvRv‡ì wkï-wK‡kvi wefv‡M ÔgyKy‡ji gvnwdjÕ cwiPvjbv K‡ib Ges ÔevMevbÕ Q`¥bv‡g 1975 mvj ch©š— H `vwqZ¡ cvjb K‡ib|

wkï‡Zvl Mªš’cÖ‡YZv wn‡m‡eB bvwmi Avjxi gyL¨ cwiPq| Z‡e wZwb wk¶vg �jK Mí, cÖeÜ I RxebxI iPbv K‡ib| wbg©j nvmïm m„wó‡Z wZwb `¶Zvi cwiPq w`‡q‡Qb| Zuvi D‡j−L‡hvM¨ Mªš’¸‡jv n‡jv : ÔgwYKwYKvÕ (1949), Ôkvnx w`‡bi KvwnbxÕ (1949), Ô†QvU‡ì Igi dviyKÕ (1951), ÔAvKvk hviv Ki‡jv RqÕ (1975), ÔAvjx evevÕ (1958), ÔBZvwji RbK M¨vwiewìÕ (1963), Ôexie‡ji †Lvk MíÕ (1964), ÔmvZ cuvP MíÕ (1965), Ô†evKv eKvBÕ (1966),


Abykxjbx

enywbe©vPwb cÖkœ

1. wkwkMy‡jv †MvjvcR‡j fwZ© K‡i Avjx Avey hZœ K‡i †i‡LwQjÑ K. Lv‡Ui wb‡P Z³vi Ici L. Rvbvjv eivei Zv‡Ki Ici M. DuPy Kuv‡Pi Avjgvwii †fZi N. wm‡éi Kvco w`‡q gywo‡q

2. †R‡j Avjx Aveyi evwo‡Z hLb †Mj ZLb Ñ K. evwo‡Z †KD wQj bv L. Avjx Aveyi ¯Îx evwo‡Z wQj M. N‡ii ìRvMy‡jv †Lvjv wQj N. Avjx Avey evwo‡Z wQj

3. Avjx Aveyi Ry‡Zv †R‡ji Kv‡Q g~jëvb, KviYÑ K. Zv †diZ w`‡j †R‡ji eKwkk wgj‡e L. Zv evRv‡i wewµ K‡i †m A_© cv‡e M. Avey Zv †c‡j †R‡j‡K abëv` †`‡e N. KvwRi ìev‡i Rgv w`‡j Aveyi kvw¯Z n‡e

4. wkwkMy‡jv wewµ K‡i Avey †f‡ewQjÑ K. Zvi UvKv †e‡o wØ¸Y n‡e L. GK‡Rvov bZyb Ry‡Zv wKb‡Z cvi‡e M. gbUv Lywk‡Z f‡i DV‡e N. gvbyl‡K eëmvq mvnvh¨ Ki‡e

m„Rbkxj cÖkœ

Aby‡”Q`wU c‡o wb‡Pi cÖ‡kœi Reve †jL

AMZ¨v AveyI QyUj KyKyi‡K Zvov K‡i| QyU‡Z QyU‡Z mvg‡b co‡jv GKUv †`qvj| KzKzi †`qvj Uc‡K †h‡ZB Ry‡ZvUv dm‡K wM‡q co‡jv †`qv‡ji Icv‡k GKUv †QvU †Q‡ji gv_vq| Aveyi fvix Ry‡Zvi Nv‡q †Q‡j AÁvb n‡q co‡jv| evwo‡Z ˆn-ˆP c‡o †M‡jv| mevB G‡jv Qy‡U|

1. Avey KzKziwU‡K Zvov KiwQj †Kb ?

2. mevB Qy‡U G‡jv †Kb ?

3. KzKziwU Kxfv‡e Aveyi fvM¨ wecbœ Kij, e¨vL¨v Ki|

4. DÏxc‡Ki Av‡jv‡K Ry‡Zv‡K Aj¶y‡Y ejvi †hŠw³KZv wePvi Ki|


ZLb Rwgi PvPvi K_v g‡b c‡o `xbyi| Rwgi PvPv mKvj‡ejv e„wó gv_vq †ewi‡q †M‡Q| GLb wbðqB evRv‡ii †Kv‡Y e‡m wf¶v Ki‡Q| `xby fv‡e, Rwgi PvPv‡K wM‡q wgwjUvwii K_v ej‡e| Zvici Rwgi PvPvi m‡½ †Kv_vI P‡j hve| Rwgi PvPvi wbðq †Kv_vI hvIqvi RvqMv Av‡Q| Avi Rwgi PvPv hw` hvq, `xby‡K †d‡j †h‡Z cvi‡e bv|

wKš—y ZviciB `xbyi g‡b nq, kn‡ii †Kv_vI †Kv‡bv †jvK †bB AvR| evRvi Kx e‡m‡Q ? mevB cvjv‡j †`vKvwbivI cvjv‡e| Avi †`vKvwbiv cvjv‡j Rwgi PvPvI cvjv‡e| wKš—y `xby‡K †d‡j Kx Rwgi PvPv cvjv‡Z cv‡i? ygvm a‡i GK m‡½ Av‡Q|

`xbyi gv_vi †fZi †QvULvU GKUv wMU †j‡M hvq|

Lv‡ji Icv‡iB nvB ¯‹zj Rwgi PvPvi K_v fve‡Z fve‡Z ¯‹z‡ji KvQvKvwQ G‡m †M‡Q, ZLb wVK ZLwb wgwjUvwii g‡a¨ GKRb Zvi wbkvbv wVK Av‡Q wKbv †`Lvi Rb¨ Lv‡ji Icvi †_‡K `xby‡K ZvK K‡i| A‡Uv‡gwUK ivB‡d‡j wKQy ey‡S DVvi Av‡MB `xby †`‡L G‡Ki ci GK Av¸‡bi †gŠgvwQ Qy‡U Avm‡Q Zvi w`‡K| Avi gv_vi Ici mviv kn‡ii KvK Kv Kv Ki‡Q|

`ynv‡Z eyK †P‡c a‡i `xby| †`‡L `k Av½y‡ji duvK †duvKo w`‡q †Rvqv‡ii R‡ji g‡Zv †b‡g hv‡”Q i³| Lvjcv‡oi mv`v gvwU jvj n‡q hv‡”Q|

Av‡¯Z ax‡i gvwU‡Z jywU‡q c‡o `xby| †PvL `y‡Uv fxlY UvbwQj Zvi| ZLywb `„kÜv †`L‡Z cvq I| Zvi ey‡Ki i‡³ ˆZwi n‡q‡Q wekvj j¤^v GK Lvj| †mB Lvj †e‡q wd‡i Avm‡Q nvRvi nvRvi QBAjv †bŠKv| cÖ_g †bŠKvq mye‡jiv| mye‡ji eywo w`w`gv e‡m Av‡Qb QB‡qi †fZi| Zvi †cQ‡bi †bŠKvq †LvK‡biv| cÖwZwU †bŠKv †_‡K †f‡m Avm‡Q Dj−v‡mi kã| †`‡L `xbyi †h Kx Lywk| mevB wd‡i Avm‡Q| Zvn‡j GB Kx ¯^vaxbZv ! mye‡ji w`w`gv e‡jwQ‡jb|

¯^vaxbZvi K_v †f‡e `xbyi †Vuv‡U evsjv‡`‡ki gvbwP‡Îi g‡Zv my›ì GK UyK‡iv nvwm dz‡UwQj| †KD Zv †`‡Lwb|

†jLK-cwiwPwZ

evsjv‡`‡ki wewkó mvwnwZ¨K Bg`v yj nK wgjb| wZwb 1955 mv‡ji 8B †m‡Þ¤î gywÝMÄ †Rjvi weµgcy‡i Rb¥MÖnY K‡ib| Zuvi wcZvi bvg wMqvm DwÏb Lvb Ges gvZvi bvg Av‡bvqviv †eMg| Zuvi ˆcZ…K evwo gywÝMÄ †Rjvi †jŠnRs Dc‡Rjvi cvkv MÖv‡g|

XvKvi †MÛvwiqv nvB¯‹zj †_‡K wZwb GmGmwm cvk K‡ib| GBPGmwm I Abvm©mn øvZK wWMÖx AR©b K‡ib XvKvi RMbœv_ K‡jR †_‡K|


Zuvi cÖ_g Mí cÖKvwkZ 1973 mv‡j| M‡íi bvg wQj ÔeÜzÕ| G ch©šZ Zvi cÖKvwkZ MÖš’msL¨v 140wU| Gi g‡a¨ D‡j−L‡hvM¨ n‡jv: b~iRvnvb, civaxbZv, cievm, f~wgcyÎ, Kv‡jv‡Nvov, wbi‡bœi Kvj, †`kfv‡Mi ci BZ¨vw`|

wZwb 1992 mv‡j evsjv GKv‡Wgx cyi¯‹vimn wewfbœ cyi¯‹vi jvf K‡ib|

cvV-cwiwPwZ

gd¯^j kn‡i evm K‡i Abv_ `xby| †m wn›`y bv gymjgvb †m K_v Rv‡b bv| †Kgb K‡i GB kn‡i G‡m‡Q ZvI †m Rv‡bbv| Zvi evev-gv †K, Zv‡ì cwiPq Kx, wKQyB Zvi Rvbv †bB|

`xbyi eqm `k eQi| Zvi gyL I †PvL y‡Uv Lye my›ì| c„w_ex‡Z Zvi Avcb †KD †bB e‡j kn‡ii mevB Zv‡K fv‡jvev‡m Ges Avì K‡i|

kn‡ii me evwo‡Z `xbyi Aeva hvZvqvZ| †m KvD‡K evev Wv‡K, KvD‡K Wv‡K gv| GB kn‡i fvB‡evb, w`w`gv, R¨vVv, PvPv, gvgv, Lvjv, wcwm BZ¨vw` AvZ¥x‡qi Afve †bB Zvi| Nyg †c‡j †h †Kv‡bv evwoi weQvbvq wM‡q ï‡q c‡o| `xby‡K ‡KD evav †`q bv|

Dwbk †kv GKvËi mv‡ji el©vKv‡j GK `ycyi †ejv| Uvbv `k w`b e„wói ci †iv` D‡V‡Q| B‡Zvg‡a¨ myejiv cwiev‡ii mKj‡K wb‡q cvwK¯Zvwb wgwjUvwi‡ì f‡q P‡j †M‡Q KjKvZvq| hvevi mgq mye‡ji w`w`gv `xby‡K Zv‡ì k~b¨ N‡i _vK‡Z e‡j †M‡Qb|

`xby myej‡ì mv‡_ KjKvZvq †h‡Z †P‡qwQj| wKšZy w`w`gv `xby‡K mv‡_ †bqwb| KviY ILv‡b I‡ìB wVKg‡Zv _vKevi e‡›`ve¯Z †bB|

myejiv KjKvZv P‡j hvevi ci `xby Zv‡ì k~b¨ N‡i wM‡q _v‡K| GKv _vK‡Z fq jv‡M e‡j, Rwgi PvPv Avi `xby `yR‡b iv‡Zi †ejv _v‡K| `xby Rwgi PvPvi Kv‡Q e‡j myej‡ì P‡j hvIqvi K_v, wgwjUvwi‡ì K_v Ges mye‡ji w`w`gvi gy‡L †kvbv ¯^vaxbZvi K_v|

†iv` DVevi ci `xby wM‡qwQj †LvKb‡ì evwo| †mLv‡b wM‡q †`‡L †LvKbiv mevB wgwjUvwi‡ì f‡q GKmv‡_ Zvi eo gvgvi evwo eKzjZjx P‡j hv‡”Q| `xby I‡ì mv‡_ †h‡Z †P‡qwQj| wKšZy †LvK‡bi gv wb‡Z m¤§Z nbwb|

†LvKbiv wgwjUvwi‡ì f‡q kni †Q‡o P‡j hv‡”Q| `xbyi hvIqvi †Kv‡bv RvqMv †bB e‡j †m kn‡iB _v‡K| †LvKbiv eo †bŠKvq K‡i P‡j hvq|

66 Avb›` cvV

Abykxjbx

eûwbe©vPwb cÖkœ

1. ÔDwbk †kv GKvËiÕ M‡íi †jLK-

K. KvRx bRiyj Bmjvg L. ûgvqyb Avn‡g`

M. Bg`v`yj nK wgjb N. †mwjbv †nv‡mb

2. Ô`xby‡i Avgiv KjKvZv hvw”QÕ Dw³wU Kvi?

K. mye‡ji w`w`gvi L. `xbyi w`w`gvi

M. †LvK‡bi gvÕi N. mye‡ji gvÕi

3. Ô†Zvi fq †bB| ZzB Lye fv‡jv †Q‡j| †Zv‡K cvwK¯Zvwb †mbviv wKQy Ki‡e bv| †`k ¯^vaxb n‡j Avgiv wd‡i Avme|Õ w`w`gvi GB Dw³wU‡Z dz‡U D‡V‡Q-

i. `xbyi cÖwZ Mfxi ggZ¡‡eva

ii. `xbyi cÖwZ wg‡_¨ mvšZ¡bv

iii. xby‡K mv‡_ bv wb‡Z cvivi Kó


K. i L. ii

M. i I ii N. ii I iii

wb‡Pi Aby‡”Q`wU c‡o 4 I 5bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI|

Zvici gb Lvivc K‡i Lvjcvo a‡i GKvKx nuvU‡Z _v‡K| †Kv_vI †Kv‡bv †jvKR‡bi wPý †bB| w`‡bi †ejvUv‡K g‡b nq ivZ ycyi| mevB Nygy‡”Q|

4. Aby‡”Q‡` e¨³ Abyf~wZwU Kvi? K. †jL‡Ki L. Rwgi PvPvi M. †LvK‡bi gvÕi N. `xbyi

5. w`‡bi †ejvUv‡K g‡b nq ivZ `ycyi| G Ae¯’vi KviY n‡”Q-

i. cvK †mbvi AvMgb

ii. mevB‡K nviv‡bv e¨_v

iii. el©vKv‡ji †Nvi e„wó

68 Avb›` cvV


K. i L. ii

M. i I ii N. ii I iii

m„Rbkxj cÖkœ 1. dviRvbv ÔDwbk †kv GKvËiÕ MíwU †Q‡j Kvgvj‡K c‡o ïbvw”Q‡jb| Kvgvj gvÕi K_vi

duv‡K duv‡K GKvË‡ii bvbv wel‡q cÖkœ K‡i| wZwb AwfÁZvi Av‡jv‡K Gme cÖ‡kœi Reve †`b| M‡í Av‡jvwPZ `xbyi mnR mij Rxeb| w`w`gv, †LvKb‡ì KjKvZv I eKzjZjvi D‡Ï‡k¨ hvÎv, cvK-evwnbxi b„ksmZv eY©bv K‡ib| GK ch©v‡q Kvgvj e‡j I‡V Ôgv, Avwg Avi ïb‡Z PvB bv|Õ wZwb eyS‡Z †c‡i‡Qb, cvK-evwnbxi cÖwZ †Q‡ji g‡b cÖPÊ ivM I N„Yv m„wó n‡q‡Q| Ae‡k‡l GK cvK-†mbvi ¸wj‡Z `xbyi cÖvY wemR©‡bi K_v ej‡Z wM‡q Kvgvj‡K ey‡K Rwo‡q a‡i Kuv`‡Z Kuv`‡Z e‡jb, Ôevev †Zvgiv `xbyi g‡Zv Amnvq wkï‡ì fv‡jvevm‡e|Õ

K. ÔDwbk †kv GKvËiÕ M‡íi g~j Pwi‡Îi bvg Kx ?

L. `xbyi cwiPq eY©bv Ki|

M. cvK-evwnbxi cÖwZ Kvgv‡ji N„Yv I iv‡Mi KviY e¨vL¨v Ki|

N. Ô†Zvgiv `xbyi g‡Zv Amnvq wkï‡ì fv‡jvevm‡eÕ M‡íi Av‡jv‡K Dw³wU we‡k−lY

Ki|


wPwKrmK G‡jb Bivb-Zyivb †_‡K| wPwKrmK G‡jb Kveyj-Kv›`vnvi †_‡K| †k‡l GK wPwKrmK G‡jb wMÖm †_‡K|

wMÖ‡mi wPwKrmK †ek K‡qKw`b a‡i me ai‡bi cix¶v Ki‡jb ev`kvn‡K| bvwo wU‡c †`L‡jb| kix‡ii Zvc wb‡jb| Zvici wZwb ej‡jb, G eo KwVb AmyL| Z‡e Gi wPwKrmv Av‡Q| GKRb Aíeq¯‹ evjK cÖ‡qvRb, hvi ürwcÊ †_‡K Ilya ˆZwi Ki‡Z n‡e| †mB Ily‡a ev`kvn my ’ n‡q DV‡eb|

ev`kvni AmyL| cÖ‡qvRb Aíeq¯‹ evjK| w`‡K-w`‡K †jvK Qwo‡q coj| LuyR‡Z LuyR‡Z GKUv †Q‡j‡K cvIqv †Mj| †Q‡ji evev UvKvi wewbg‡q Lye Abvqv‡m †Q‡jwU‡K wewµ K‡i w`j ev`kvni †jvK‡ì Kv‡Q| UvKvI †cj wecyj cwigvY|

KvwR wePvimfvq ivq w`‡jb, GB †Q‡ji Rxeb ea Kiv Ab¨vq †Kv‡bv KvR bq| KviY GB †Q‡ji ZyPQ Rxe‡bi wewbg‡q ev`kvni g�jëvb Rxeb i¶v cv‡e|

†Q‡jwU GBme NUbv †`‡L Avi mviv¶Y wgwUwgwU nv‡m| Rj −v` Zv‡K nZ¨v Kivi R‡b¨ a‡i †eu‡a wb‡q hv‡PQ ea¨f‚wg‡Z| Zvi ürwcÊ †_‡K ˆZwi n‡e Jla| †Q‡jwU ZLb AvKv‡ki w`‡K ZvwK‡q †nv-†nv K‡i nvm‡Z jvMj| ev`kvn †cQ‡b wQ‡jb| †Q‡jwUi nvwmi kã ï‡b wZwb Lye wePwjZ n‡jb| GKUz c‡iB Zvi g„Zy¨ n‡e ! gvwU‡Z jywU‡q co‡e Zvi my›ì †`n| Zv n‡j †Q‡jwU cÖvY Ly‡j nv‡m †Kb? ev`kvn Zv‡K †W‡K cvVv‡jb|

Zywg g„Zy i gy‡L uvwo‡q GiKgfv‡e nvmQ †Kb ?

†Q‡jwU nvm‡Z-nvm‡ZB ejj, nvq, Avgvi Rxeb ! Avwg nvme bv †Zv †K nvm‡e ejyb ? wcZvgvZvi `vwqZ¡ mš—vb‡ì i¶v Kiv| wKš—y A‡_©i wewbg‡q Avgvi evev Avgv‡K wewµ K‡i w`‡q‡Qb| KvwRi ìev‡i gvbyl hvq †Kb ? mywePv‡ii Avkv wb‡q| wKš—y KvwR mv‡ne Ab¨vqfv‡e ev`kvni c¶ wb‡jb| Avgv‡K nZ¨v Kivi ûKzg w`‡jb| Avi ev`kvni KZ©e¨ Kx ? ev`kvn †Zv Mwie-`ytLx, AZ¨vPvwiZ, wbcxwoZ cÖRv‡ì i¶v Ki‡eb| wKš—y GLb Kx NU‡Z hv‡PQ Avgvi Rxe‡b ? ev`kvn wb‡Ri Rxeb i¶v Kivi Rb¨ A‡bï Rxeb‡K ZyPQ Ki‡Qb| wKš—y Ac‡ii RxebI †h Zvi wb‡Ri Kv‡Q AwZ g�jëvb GB mvgvb¨ K_v wZwb g‡bB ivL‡jb bv| nvq ! GKUy c‡iB Avgvi g„Zy¨ n‡e| Avwg nvme bv †Zv †K nvm‡e ! RMr-msmv‡ii GBme †Ljv †`‡L GKgvÎ AvwgB cÖvY Ly‡j nvm‡Z cvwi|

ev`kvn GB K_v ï‡b AevK n‡jb| †Q‡jwUi cÖwZ Amxg ggZvq wZwb KvZi n‡q DV‡jb| wZwb †Q‡jwU‡K gy³ K‡i w`‡jb|

wePvi †bB 71

Avi Avð‡h©i e¨vcvi| Zvi wKQyw`b c‡iB ev`kvni AmyL †m‡i †Mj| wZwb m¤c �Y© my¯’ n‡q DV‡jb|

†jLK-cwiwPwZ

1964 mv‡ji 7B GwcÖj Avgxiyj Bmjvg XvKvq Rš§MÖnY K‡ib| Zuvi gv‡qi bvg AvbwRiv LvZyb Ges wcZvi bvg mvBdyi ingvb| wZwb XvKvi I‡q÷ GÛ nvB ¯‹zj †_‡K 1979 mv‡j GmGmwm Ges 1981 mv‡j XvKv K‡jR †_‡K GBPGmwm cvm K‡ib| 1985 mv‡j wZwb XvKv wek¦we`¨vjq †_‡K øvZK wWwMÖ jvf K‡ib| †ckvq wZwb GKRb mvsevw`K|

Avgxiyj Bmjvg GKvav‡i QovKvi, wkïmvwnwZ¨K I cÖvewÜK| Zuvi iwPZ QovMÖš’¸‡jvi g‡a¨ D‡j−L‡hvM¨ ÔLvg‡LqvwjÕ (1984), Ôhv‡”QZvBÕ (1987), ÔivRvKv‡ii QovÕ (1990), ÔAvgvi QovÕ (1992), ÔwejvB Õ(1997), Ôexi evOvwji QovÕ (1997), ÔPuv` D‡V‡Q dzj dz‡U‡QÕ (1997)| †QvU‡ì Rb¨ iwPZ MíMÖš’¸‡jv n‡jv : ÔAvwg mvZUvÕ (1985), ÔGK †h wQjÕ (1986), Ô`k iKg `kUvÕ (1989), ÔmvK©v‡mi evNÕ (1989), Ôf‚Z Gj kn‡iÕ (1992), ÔAvwg Iqvb Avwg UyÕ (1992), ÔAvwg GKw`b wcucu‡o n‡q wM‡qwQjvgÕ (1997), Ôgyw³hy‡×i wK‡kvi MíÕ (1997)| †QvU‡ì Rb¨ †ek K‡qKwU Dcb¨vmI wZwb wj‡L‡Qb| ÔAwPb hv`yNiÕ (1985), ÔAvgv‡ì †Mv‡q›`vwMwiÕ (1992), ÔiƒcSygcyiÕ (1992), ÔGKvË‡ii wgwQjÕ (1971) BZ¨vw` Gi g‡a¨ D‡j−L‡hvM¨| GQvov Av‡Q K‡qKwU cÖeÜMÖš’ I we‡`wk i�cK_vi Mí|

wkïmvwn‡Z¨ K…wZ‡Z¡i Rb¨ wZwb 1983 mv‡j wmKvb&`vi Avey Rvdi wkïmvwnZ¨ cyi¯‹vi Ges 1984, 1994 I 1995 mv‡j AMÖYx e¨vsK wkïmvwnZ¨ cyi¯‹vi Ges 2007 mv‡j evsjv GKv‡Wgx cyi¯‹vi jvf K‡ib|

mvi-ms‡¶c

†Kv‡bv GK ev`kvni AmyL| iv‡Rï †miv Wv³vi KweivR Zuv‡K my¯’ K‡i Zyj‡Z e¨_© nq| Bivb-Zzivb, Kveyj Kv›`vnvi †_‡K Wv³vi G‡mI Zv‡K †ivMgy³ Ki‡Z cv‡iwb| †kl ch©š— wMÖ‡mi wPwKrmK Rvbvb, Aíeq¯‹ evj‡Ki ürwcÊ w`‡q ˆZwi Jl‡aB †Kej ev`kv my¯’ n‡Z cv‡ib|

GK wcZv UvKvi wewbg‡q Zvi †Q‡j‡K wewµ K‡i †`q| KvwR ivq †`b †h, wK‡kv‡ii Rxeb †_‡K ivRvi Rxeb †h‡nZy A‡bK g�jëvb, ZvB Zvi ZyPQ Rxe‡bi wewbg‡q ivRvi Rxeb i¶v Kiv Ab¨vq n‡e bv| hLb Zv‡K nZ¨vi Rb¨ ea¨f‚wg‡Z wb‡q hvIqv nq ZLb ivRv j¶ K‡ib, †Q‡jwU cÖvYf‡i nvm‡Q| ivRv nvwmi KviY wRÁvmv Ki‡j †m e‡j †h, Zvi RxebUvB †Zv nvwmi| wcZv

72 Avb›` cvV

UvKvi Rb¨ Zv‡K wewµ K‡i †`q, KvwR Zvi nZ¨vi c‡¶ ivq †`b, Avi ev`kv Zvi Rxeb i¶v bv K‡i Zv‡K nZ¨vi Rb¨ wb‡q hv‡PQb| Gi †P‡q nvm¨Ki Avi Kx n‡Z cv‡i| ev`kv Zvi K_v ï‡b ggZvq KvZi n‡q c‡ob Ges Zv‡K gy³ K‡i †`b| wKQyw`b ci ev`kvnI my ’ n‡q D‡Vb|

kãv_© I UxKv

¶xY Ñ miy, wPKb, wbPy, A¯có| nvbv Ñ AvµgY Kiv| Bivb Ñ ga¨cÖv‡Pï GKwU †`k, cvim¨| Kveyj Ñ AvdMvwb¯�v‡bi ivRavbx| Kv›`vnvi Ñ AvdMvwb¯�v‡bi GKwU kni| wMÖm Ñ BD‡ivc gnv‡`‡ki GKwU †`k| cÖvPxb mf¨Zv I ÁvbweÁvb PP©vi Rb¨ weL¨vZ| bvwo Ñ wkiv-Dcwkiv| kix‡i Zvc Ñ R¡i A‡_© kix‡ii DòZv| w`‡K-w`‡K Ñ Pviw`‡K| ea - nZ¨v Kiv| Rj−v` Ñ g„Zy -`ÊcÖvß Avmvwg‡ì g„Zy¨ †h Kvh©Ki K‡i| ea¨f‚wg Ñ †hLv‡b gvbyl nZ¨v Kiv nq| KvwR Ñ

wePviK|

Abykxjbx

eûwbe©vPwb cÖkœ 1. KvwR evjKwU‡K ea Kivi Rb¨ ivq w`‡qwQ‡jb KviY-

i. ev`kvni Rxe‡bi †P‡q evj‡Ki Rxeb g~jëvb

ii. evj‡Ki Rxe‡bi †P‡q ev`kvni Rxeb g~jëvb

iii. KvwR mv‡ne ev`kvni K…cvcÖv_©x n‡Z †P‡qwQ‡jb


K. i I ii L. i I iii

M. ii I iii N. iii 2. b¨vqbxwZ ewR©Z I we‡eKnxb cvlÊ gvbyl wbR ¯^v‡_© mewKQy wemR©b w`‡Z cv‡i| Zviv

¶gZvevb †jvK‡K †ZvqvR K‡i Ges `ye©j‡K AZ¨vPvi K‡i|

†Zvgvi cwVZ ÔwePvi †bBÕ M‡í wb‡Pi †Kvb Pwi‡Îi ga¨ w`‡q D× „Zvs‡ki êwkó¨ dz‡U D‡V‡Q ? K. ev`kvn L. KvwR M. evjK N. wPwKrmK

wePvi †bB 73

3. ÔwePvi †bBÕ M‡í we‡eKnxb cvlÊ gvbyl evjK‡K Ñ K. wewµ K‡i w`‡qwQj L. ea¨f‚wg‡Z wb‡q wM‡qwQj M. †W‡K cvwV‡qwQj N. gy³ K‡i w`‡qwQj

m„Rbkxj cÖkœ

1. wb‡Pi AskUzKz co Ges cÖkœ¸‡jvi DËi `vI

duvwmi Av‡`k cvIqv GK WvKvZ m`©vi wePvi‡Ki D‡Ï‡k ejj, ÔRbve kyaygvÎ Avgvi duvwmi Av‡`‡ki ga¨ w`‡q mewKQy †kl n‡e bv| Avwg Avcbvi Kv‡Q Avgvi gv‡qi wRnŸv †K‡U †bqviI nyKyg Pvw”Q|Õ wePviK AevK n‡q Zv‡K wR‡Ám Ki‡jb Ô†Kb ?Õ DË‡i Acivax e¨w³wU ej‡jv, ÔAvgvi gv‡qi Rb¨B AvR‡K Avgvi GB Ae¯’v| Avwg hLb †QvU‡ejvq cv‡ki evmvi Mv‡Qi dj Pzwi K‡i AvbZvg Avgvi gv ZLb Avgv‡K wZi¯‹vi bv K‡i DrmvwnZ K‡i‡Q| †QvULv‡Uv Aciva Ki‡Z Ki‡Z Avwg eo Aciva Kivi mvnm †c‡qwQ| Avgvi gv hw` kyiy‡ZB Avgv‡K mrc‡_ Pjvi Ges Amr c_ cwinvi Kivi Dc‡`k w`‡Zb Z‡e AvR‡K Avgvi GB Ae¯’v n‡Zv bv| ZvB Avgvi cvcK‡g©i `vwqZ¡ kyay Avgvi GKviB bq| Avgvi gvI Gi Askx`vi|Õ

K. ÔwePvi †bBÕ M‡í evj‡Ki cÖwZ Zvi wcZv Kx AvPiY K‡iwQ‡jb ?

L. wcZvi GB iKg AvPi‡Yi KviY Kx wQj ?

M. D×„Zvs‡ki mv‡_ ÔwePvi †bBÕ M‡íi Kx wgj i‡q‡Q e‡j Zzwg g‡b Ki| DË‡ii ¯^c‡¶ hyw³ `vI|

N. mš—vb‡K mwVK c‡_ cwiPvjbvi Rb¨ wcZv-gvZvi Kx f‚wgKv i‡q‡Q ? DÏxc‡Ki Av‡jv‡K we‡k −lY Ki|

74 Avb›` cvV

Piy nvmvb AvwRRyj nK

e‡bi GKav‡i Avcbg‡b Nvm Lvw”Qj Piy| Piy GK nwiYQvbvi bvg| weKU GKUv k‡ã Pg‡K D‡V †m gyL Zz‡j †`Lj e‡bi GKUz DuPz‡Z †Sv‡ci cvk w`‡q †auvqv †ewi‡q Avm‡Q| Av‡kcv‡k gv ‡bB| gv †Zv Zvi cv‡kB wQj| Piy gv‡qi GK †Q‡j, e‡qm `ygvmI nqwb| mKv‡j gv‡qi m‡½ †ei n‡jB gv Zv‡K e‡K| †Kb †m HiKg wZwis wewis jvdvq ! †Kb †m gv‡qi KvQ †_‡K ~‡i P‡j hvq ! †m wK Rv‡b bv e‡b nvjyg Av‡Q| nvjyg †h Zvi g‡Zv nwi‡Yi ev”Pv GK †Miv‡m †L‡q †b‡e| GB iKg K‡i †KejB agKvq Zv‡K Zvi gv| †mB gv GLb †Kv_vq †Mj ! Piy Gw`K-Iw`K Nvo wdwi‡q †`L‡Z _v‡K, †Mj †Kv_vq Zvi gv ? e‡bi evB‡i GLvbUv GKUzLvwb Xvjy| Xvjyi c‡i †bvbv cvwbi Lvj| Xvjy Rwg‡Z meyR Nb Nvm| †mB Nvm Piy Lvq Avi fv‡e, mviv Rxe‡b G‡Zv Nvm †m †L‡q †kl Ki‡Z cvi‡e bv, Avi GB Nvm Qvov †m Avi wKQy Lv‡eI bv|

gv‡K †Kv_vI †`L‡Z †cj bv Piy, ZLbB VvÛv evZv‡mi m‡½ GKUv †cvov MÜ bv‡K G‡jv

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cv‡q Kv`vi Ici w`‡q †nu‡U †Sv‡ci Kv‡Q wM‡q DuwK w`‡ZB †`L‡Z †cj gv Zvi wb_i n‡q

ï‡q i‡q‡Q| Kv‡Q wM‡q Piy gv‡K ïK‡Z jvMj| †mB †cvov MÜUv bv‡K G‡jv| Avi G‡jv

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gv‡qi gy‡L gyL Nl‡Z jvMj| g‡b g‡b ejj, †Kgb †g‡q ZzB GZ mKv‡j †KD

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GKUv `woi Rvj G‡m coj Piyi Dci| Mv‡q Rvj Rwo‡q a‡i Zv‡K| nv‡Zcv‡q Nv‡ogv_vq Rvj

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Zzjj Zv‡K| Av‡¯Z Av‡¯Z wbtk¦vm eÜ n‡q G‡jv Zvi| †m Avi wKQy Rv‡b bv|

Lvj †cwi‡q Muv‡qi g‡a¨ GK †Mi¯Z evwo‡Z G‡jv Piy| Rvj †_‡K †ei K‡i miy `wo w`‡q euvav

n‡jv Zv‡K| evwoi GKUv dm©v b¨vsUv †Q‡j G‡m Zvi Mv‡q nvZ ey‡jv‡Z jvMj, Avi Z‡Zv¶‡Y

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wKQy‡ZB euv‡P bv, †Pv‡L wKQy †`L‡Z cvq bv, Kv‡b wKQy ïb‡Z cvq bv| ZLb evwoi †jv‡Kiv

ejj, QvbvUv hw` g‡iB †Mj Zvn‡j Avgv‡`i Avi jvf n‡jv Kx ? Ii gvUvi gvsm †e‡P `ycqmv

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76 Pi“

dimv †Q‡jUvi m‡½| Zvi b¨vsUv †Kvg‡i Nybwm‡Z GKUv NyOyi euvav| Piyi m‡½ hLb †m †`uŠovq,

VybVyb K‡i Zvi NyOy‡ii kã nq|

b¨vsUv †Q‡jUv G‡m Zvi Mjv Rwo‡q a‡i Mjvq Pzgy Lvq|

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†duvUvq †duvUvq i³ Mov‡”Q|

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ejj, `k UvKv m¨v‡ii wb‡P †ePv hv‡e bv|

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nwZ cv‡i|

Zvwj Kvj IUv‡K RevB w`‡q †`|

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Avcbg‡b Nvm wP‡ev‡Z wP‡ev‡Z nVvr †m †`L‡Z †cj `vIqvi evB‡ii w`‡Ki †eov GKUz GKUy

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Avb›` cvV 77

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GKUv `j Qy‡U Avm‡Q| mK‡ji Av‡M Qy‡U Avm‡Q evewi Pzj-Ajv wnsmy‡U †jvKUv| nv‡Z Qywi|

Qywii djvUv mKv‡ji Av‡jvq SKSK Ki‡Q| Zvi †cQ‡b nvq nvq Ki‡Z Ki‡Z Avm‡Q evwoi

eofvB †ivMv wPg‡m †jvKUv| mevB wPrKvi K‡i WvK‡Q †Q‡jUv‡K, Zv‡K wd‡i Avm‡Z ej‡Q

Piy‡K wb‡q| Gw`‡K †Q‡jUv e‡m Av‡Q I‡ì w`‡K wcQb wd‡i| KvD‡K †`L‡Z cv‡”Q bv †m|

ïb‡ZI cv‡”Q bv †Kv‡bv K_v| Lv‡ji Icv‡i †cuŠ‡Q †Mj †bŠKv| wVK †mBLv‡b, †hLv‡b Piy

GKw`b mKv‡j Nvm Lvw”Qj Avi giv gv‡K †`L‡Z †c‡qwQj †Sv‡ci av‡i| †hLvb †_‡K Rv‡j K‡i

†eu‡a G‡bwQj Zv‡K| †bŠKv _vg‡ZB †Q‡jUv Kv`vi g‡a¨ jvwd‡q †b‡g `wo‡Z Uvb w`‡q Piy‡K

bvgv‡jv| m~‡h©i Av‡jv c‡o‡Q †Q‡jUvi gy‡L| Piyi MjvUv Rwo‡q aij †m, A‡bKevi Pzgy †Lj Zvi

Mjvq| bv‡Ki mw`©‡gkv †Pv‡Li cvwb gyQj Zvi Nv‡oi †jv‡g, Zvici Mjv †_‡K `wo Ly‡j wb‡q Dm&

Dm& K‡i weKU AvIqvR ‡ei Kij Mjv †_‡K|

GKUv jvd w`‡q Piy D‡V †Mj Xvjy NvmRwgUvq| GKevi wd‡i ZvKv‡jv †m| †Q‡jUvi K`vKvi

†fRv gy‡L Av‡jv c‡o‡Q| GKUz GKUz K‡i nvwm dz‡U DVj †mB gy‡L| ZLb Kx my›ì †`Lv‡”Q

†mB gyL!

Piy Avi wd‡i †`Lj bv| eo eo jvd w`‡q †m R½‡ji Avov‡j P‡j †Mj|

[Clr ms‡¶wcZ]

†jLK-cwiwPwZ

nvmvb AvwRRyj nK †`‡ki wewkó MíKvi| `xN©Kvj wZwb wewfbœ K‡j‡R I ivRkvnx wek¦we`¨vj‡q `k©b wel‡q Aa¨vcbv K‡i‡Qb| wk¶KZvi cvkvcvwk wZwb eû Mí, Dcb¨vm, cÖeÜ BZ¨vw` iPbv K‡i‡Qb| Zvi iwPZ D‡j−L‡hvM¨ MíMÖš’ n‡”Q : ÔAvZ¥Rv I GKwU Kiex MvQÕ, ÔRxeb N‡l Av¸bÕ, Ôbvgnxb †MvÎnxbÕ ÔcvZv‡j nvmcvZv‡jÕ BZ¨vw`| wkï-wK‡kvi‡ì Rb¨ †jLv Zuvi

78 Pi“

Abykxjbx

eûwbe©vPwb cÖkœ

1. VvÛv evZv‡mi m‡½ Piy wK‡mi †cvov MÜ †cj ?

K. cvZv L. eviy

M. Nvm N. i³

1. nwiY QvbvwUi cÖwZ wK‡kvi evjKwUi fv‡jvevmvi ga¨ w`‡q M‡íi †h g~j fvewU dz‡U D‡V‡Q Zv n‡jv-

K. gbyl¨Z¡‡eva L. mL¨Zv

M. cÖwZev`x e¨w³Z¡ N. cÖwZewÜ‡Z¡i Av‡eM

m„Rbkxj cÖkœ

evwoi Rwg Pvlvev` Kivi Rb¨ weKvk evRvi †_‡K GK‡Rvov Miy †K‡bb| Pvi eQi a‡i G `ywU w`‡q wZwb nvj Pvl K‡ib| Zvi ¯Îx G `ywU‡K jvjx I Kvjx e‡j Wv‡Kb| jvjxi †c‡U ev”Pv Avmvq weKvk GwU‡K w`‡q nvjPvl Ki‡Z bv cvivq C‡ì evRv‡i wewµ Kivi wm×všZ †bb| G wm×v‡šZ Zvi ¯Îx eva mva‡j wZwb µzä nb| wKQyw`b ci jvjx ev”Pv cÖme Ki‡j GwUi Avav †KwRi †ewk `ya n‡”Q bv †`‡L weKvk Gevi ev”Pvmn Mdyi KmvB‡qi wbKU wewµ K‡i w`j| KmvB cwicyó MvfxwU †K‡U †mi `‡i gvsm wewµ Ki‡jv Ges ev”PvwU eomo n‡j GwU w`‡qI fv‡jv eëmv Ki‡e fve‡jv| KmvB‡qi cÖwZeÜx Kb¨v cig h‡Zœ GwU‡K cwicyó I eo K‡i Zzj‡jv| GKw`b KmvB GwUi gvsmI †K‡U wewµi wm×všZ wb‡j Zvi Kb¨v cÖwZev`x n‡q DV‡jv Ges Bw½‡Z cvj‡bi wm×všÍ Rvbv‡jv|

K. ÔPiyÕ M‡í Piy bvgwU g~jZ wK‡mi ?

L. Piy Zvi Av‡k cv‡k Zvi gv‡K †`L‡Z †c‡jv bv †Kb ?

M. ÔPiyÕ M‡íi g~j wk¶vwU DwÏc‡Ki †Kvb Pwi‡Î Ges Kxfv‡e dz‡U D‡V‡Q Zv e¨vL¨v Ki|

N. A‡eva cÖvYxi cÖwZ ÔPiyÕ M‡íi wK‡kvi evjK I weKv‡ki ¯Îxi PvwiwÎK êwk‡óï Zzjbvg~jK we‡k −lY Ki|

mgvß

80 Pi“

ananda path (bangla druto pothon) - all … · 07.03.2013 · abyaveb ev¯Íe rxe‡b c‡qvmÖ...

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