anexo 3 especificaciones técnicas varillas de producción (versión inglésl)

8/13/2019 Anexo 3 Especificaciones Técnicas Varillas de producción (Versión Inglésl)

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TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS OF SUCKER RODS ANDACCESSORIES SUPPLY

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TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS OF SUCKER RODS AND ACCESSORIES SUPPLY




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CONTENT

1. GENERAL ................................................................................................................................. 3 1.1 DEFINITIONS ................................................................................................................... 3 1.2 MECHANICAL, PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES ........................................ 5

2. ACCESSORIES ........................................................................................................................ 8

3. SUCKER RODS........................................................................................................................ 8 3.1 CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF THE RODS ..................................................................... 9 3.2 PHYSICAL ANALYSIS OF THE RODS........................................................................... 9 3.3 API RODS ...................................................................................................................... 10 3.4 RODS FOR LARGE LOADS ......................................................................................... 10 3.5 COUPLING ..................................................................................................................... 11 3.6 SUBCOUPLING ............................................................................................................. 11 3.7 COUPLING: MATERIALS ............................................................................................. 11

3.7.1 COUPLING API “T” .......................................................................................... 11 3.7.2 METALLIC COUPLING API ............................................................................. 11

4. HOLLOW ROD ....................................................................................................................... 12

5. SINKER BARS ....................................................................................................................... 12




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TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS

Scope

This Market Intelligence is designed to identify providers that furnish services and supplies related to

sucker rods and its accessories, this process can support contractual actions (Prices Lists, Fares

Agreements, Short lists to selection processes, among others). Providers herein identified are likely to

be included into selection processes ruled inside the Procurement Manual of Ecopetrol S.A.

1. GENERAL 1.1 DEFINITIONS

Rod string: The rod string serves to connect the surface equipment to the underground pump to

transmit the rotational movement to the rotor. The rods operating under torque loads, tension and

bending in corrosive and abrasive environments. The rods used as a standard in this lifting system are

manufactured under API 11B standard norm, although we also use special rods and continuous rods

manufactured by different suppliers.

The API rods: Under API norm we can find 4 kinds of sucker rods: C, D, K and KD, whose specifications

are in the API Std 11B newsletter. This consists of rod string lengths of 25 to 30 ft., the rods have pin

threaded connections at both ends

Class C rods are carbon-manganese steels AISI 1536. Those apply for jobs or light load average

up to 25,000 psi and half shallow wells up to 7,000 ft. depth. In moderate to medium corrosion

environments, that must be inhibited.

K class rods are steel alloys between nickel-molybdenum AISI 4623 SR. They are resistant to

corrosion if inhibition processes do work. They are designed to work in low and medium load

up to 25,000 psi and half shallow wells up to 7,000 ft. depth.




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KD rods are designed for moderate and high loads between 25.000 to 35.000 psi in corrosive

wells with corrosion inhibitors. These are alloy steels nickel-chromium-molybdenum.

Class D rods can be carbon steel or alloy steels. These rods are used where the loads are heavy

between 35.000 to 45.000 psi. In shallow or deep wells and if no corrosion surrounded or

effectively inhibited.

The couplings specified under the same rule are class T and SM. These couplings are seamless steel

pipes and combines both high quality steel with rolled threads to increase fatigue resistance. SM

couplings provide greater resistance to abrasion and corrosion. The metal spray SM is a hardening

process where nickel, chromium, boron and powder based silicon is applied to the base melting

metal. The result is a hard, dense and uniform with a very low friction coefficient and high resistance

to corrosion. Both kinds of couplings have boxes at the rod ends.

Continuous rods are made of steel with longitudinal seam or spiral wound on a reel 10 to 18 ft. in

diameter. By characteristic design, couplings or joints are needed only the bottom and top of its

installation. This fitting is done by welding. They are made of carbon steel API D grade, chromium-

molybdenum alloy and special alloys. Configurations are available in round and semi-elliptic shapes,

the diameter range varies from 12 /16 to 18 /16 in and rod rolled capacity is about 20,000 ft.

The continuous rod carbon steel could be applied to light loads less than 25,000 psi and in wells withlittle corrosion or corrosive environments effectively inhibited. Those made from chrome-

molybdenum alloy applied to light loads between 25.0000 to 35.000 psi with moderate corrosion

environments where moderate presence of chlorides and CO2 is found. The special alloy continuous

rods are used in heavy loads greater than 35,000 psi and moderate presence of corrosion and with

remarkable amounts of chlorides and CO2. All rods can be used in H2S presence.

This continuous string design offers several production improvements due to its steel solid length is

lighter and enhances the life of the production tubing as there is a more uniform contact between the

tubing and the rod string.

The advantages in the use of continuous rods are:

Low pin and fittings failures: with only two threaded connections, one on the polished rod and

the other in the pump, pin and joint failures that often occur in conventional rods, are




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reduced. This means that well can stay in production for long periods and associated costs

with removal, repairs and replacements of the rod string components are minimized.

Minimum rods and production tubing detriment: the protruding diameters of the coupling

very often become a focal point inside of the tubing internal diameter which eventually

damage the pipe wall and the coupler itself, more than this in directional wells. In spite of it, in

the continuous rods these couplings are not present, then the detriment is lowered and life of

both the tubing and the rod string is maximized

Minimum Requirements for torque and power: the use of these rods reduces powerrequirements and engine torque by eliminating flow restrictions or losses associated with the

couplings, centralizers and rod guides. This system reduces loads and its operation is much

more efficient for extended periods of PCP pumping

1.2 MECHANICAL, PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES

Table 1. Mechanical Properties of Continuous Rods

MECHANICAL PROPERTIES

Grade CodeMateri

alYield Strength Tensile Strength Hardness

Classes and

Materials API-

based

PSI Min MPa MinPSI

MinMPa Min Max (+2)

Carbon Steel

grade DD, DR 1536M 115000 790 85000 590 26

Grade D

Chrome

Molybdenum

DE, DER 4120M 115000 790 90000 690 26




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alloy

Special Service

Chrome

Molybdenum

alloy

SE,SER 4120M 130000 89511000

0790 32

Table 2. Physical Properties of Continuous Rods

PHYSICAL PROPERTIES

Radio for All 2.5” Sizes

COROD

Number

Nominal

SI

Nominal

Imperial

Weight

(Min) Area (Min)

Available

Grade

Lbs/ft Kg/m in2

mm2

All

8 28.6 mm 18/16” 3.38 5.02 0.994 642 All

7 27 mm 17/16” 3.01 4.49 0.886 572 All

6 25.4 mm 16/16” 2.67 3.98 0.785 507 All

5 23.8 mm 15/16” 2.35 3.50 0.690 445 All

4 22.2 mm 14/16” 2.04 3.05 0.601 388 All

3 20.6 mm 13/16” 1.76 2.63 0.518 334 All




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2 19 mm 12/16” 1.5 2.24 0.441 285 All

6R 25.4 mm 16/16” 2.67 3.98 0.785 507 All

4R 22.2 mm 14/16” 2.04 3.05 0.601 388 All

3R 20.6 mm 13/16” 1.76 2.63 0.518 334 1535

Nota: “R” indica varilla redonda.

Tabla 3. Continuous Rod Chemical Properties

CHEMICAL PROPERTIES

Material 1536M 4120M

C 0.28-0.32 0.18-0.23

Mn 1.1-1.3 0.4-0.6

P(max) 0.015 0.015

S(max) 0.01 0.01

Si(max) 0.15-0.35 0.15-0.35

Ni(max) 0.25 0.2-0.5

Cr(max) 0.25 1.8-2

Mo(max) 0.05 0.15-0.2

Al 0.02-0.05 0.02-0.05




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Cu(max) 0.35 0.2-0.3

2. ACCESSORIES

Centralizers: Centralizers should be installed for preventing the transmission of eccentric movement

of the rotor to the rest of the string that is installed after the first rod on the rotor. Additionalcentralizers are recommended for pumps that spin at speeds of 300 rpm or in wells deeper than 5,000

ft. given the possible lack of verticality. There are cases where the installation depth must be checked

in order to decide the viability or not of the centralizers; it is because, in highly viscous oil wells those

generate important load losses

Accessories: Among the accessories for surface equipment are: polished rod, clamp, torque limiter

and frequency inverter. Each one of those are described underneath

Polished bar: Is installed on the top of the rod string. Those are steel tubes with pins on both ends

and their functions are:

To transmit the torque to the rod string

Along with stuffing box seal secure transmission head.

Allow the lifting of the rotor outside the stator when necessary.

In many cases, in addition to the polished rod, a hollow stem is used; in this case the speed reduction

system transmits the rotational movement to the hollow shaft, which by means that through a clamp

this transmits it to the rod polished, this clamp also helps to axial load and is located in the top of the

keepers.

3. SUCKER RODS

Lengths of 25-feet or 30-feet

Short sections of rods (Pony Rod) available in lengths of 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 ft.

Pin threaded connections at both ends




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The sizes of rods are increased in 1/8-in., Starting with 5/8 inch; The bigger rod = 1-1/4.

3.1 CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF THE RODS

3.2 PHYSICAL ANALYSIS OF THE RODS




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3.3 API RODS

Grade C

- AISI 1536 carbon steel alloy manganese

- Minimum resistance to stress of 90,000 psi

• Grade K

- AISI 4623 steel alloy nickel-molybdenum

- Minimum resistance to stress of 90,000 psi

• Grade D

- AISI 4142 steel alloy chrome molybdenum

- Minimum resistance to the stress of 115,000 psi

3.4 RODS FOR LARGE LOADS




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Grade S88

• AISI 3130M Nickel-Chromium Alloy

Grade XD

• AISI special alloy chromium-molybdenum

Grade EL ®

• AISI special alloy chromium-molybdenum

3.5 COUPLING

• Grade C Grade T

• full size or thin hollow

• Available in metallic

• For use in short lengths rods - have straight threads

• Not used on smooth bars

3.6 SUBCOUPLING

• Grade C Grade T

• For use on short lengths of rods and rods

• Used in smooth bars.

3.7 COUPLING: MATERIALS

3.7.1 COUPLING API “T”

• Recommended for installations where not expected corrosion or abrasion

• Tensile Strength 95,000 PSI minimum

• Hardness 56-62 HRA

3.7.2 METALLIC COUPLING API

• Highly resistant to corrosion and abrasion




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• Metallic Coating Colmonoy

• Metallized width - 0010-0020 in.

• Metallic Hardness - 595 minimum HV200

• Tensile Strength 95,000 PSI minimum

4. HOLLOW ROD

Advantages

• The external connection couple design minimizes the risk of failure due to over-torque

• The hollow design allows fluid injection

• More robust technology that reduces twists difference between surface and bottom of hole

• Reduce the effect of rotation in reverse

Disadvantages

• Cost is typically over three times more than conventional rods. Comparing products in the

same torque capacity

• The minimum size available is 48 mm (1.8988-in.)

• It requires a special design smooth rod

5. SINKER BARS

Pipe Diameter(Inches)

Sinker BarRecommendedDiameter(Inches)

Pin Size Sinker Bar airweight(Lb/Ft)

2 1-1/4 5/8 4.0




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2-3/8 1-3/8 3/4 5.0

2-3/8 1-1/2 3/4 6.0

2-7/8 1-5/8 7/8 7.0

2-7/8 1-3/4 7/8 8.2

3-1/2 2 1 10.7

General Considerations for Selecting Sinker bars

-

Conventional Rod Application




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anexo 3 especificaciones técnicas varillas de producción (versión inglésl)

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